natural frequencies of rectangular plate … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ......

45
1 NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF CIRCULAR PLATE BENDING MODES Revision F By Tom Irvine Email: [email protected] February 17, 2012 Introduction The Rayleigh method is used in this tutorial to determine the fundamental bending frequency. The method is taken from References 1 through 3. In addition, a Bessel function solution is given in Appendices D and E. A displacement function is assumed for the Rayleigh method which satisfies the geometric boundary conditions. The assumed displacement function is substituted into the strain and kinetic energy equations. The Rayleigh method gives a natural frequency that is an upper limit of the true natural frequency. The method would give the exact natural frequency if the true displacement function were used. The true displacement function is called an eigenfunction. Consider the circular plate in Figure 1. Figure 1. Let Z represent the out-of-plane displacement. r Y X 0

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Page 1: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

1

NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF CIRCULAR PLATE BENDING MODES

Revision F

By Tom Irvine

Email: [email protected]

February 17, 2012

Introduction

The Rayleigh method is used in this tutorial to determine the fundamental bending

frequency. The method is taken from References 1 through 3. In addition, a Bessel

function solution is given in Appendices D and E.

A displacement function is assumed for the Rayleigh method which satisfies the

geometric boundary conditions. The assumed displacement function is substituted into

the strain and kinetic energy equations.

The Rayleigh method gives a natural frequency that is an upper limit of the true natural

frequency. The method would give the exact natural frequency if the true displacement

function were used. The true displacement function is called an eigenfunction.

Consider the circular plate in Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Let Z represent the out-of-plane displacement.

r

Y

X

0

Page 2: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

2

Table 1.

Appendix Topic

A Strain and kinetic energy

B Simply Supported Plate, Rayleigh Method

C Integral Table

D Solution of Differential Equation via Bessel Functions

E Simply Supported Plate, Bessel Function Solution

F Mass Normalization of Eigenvectors

G Completely Free Circular Plate

H Fixed Plate, Bessel Function Solution

References

1. Dave Steinberg, Vibration Analysis for Electronic Equipment, Wiley-Interscience,

New York, 1988.

2. Weaver, Timoshenko, and Young; Vibration Problems in Engineering, Wiley-

Interscience, New York, 1990.

3. Arthur W. Leissa, Vibration of Plates, NASA SP-160, National Aeronautics and

Space Administration, Washington D.C., 1969.

4. Jan Tuma, Engineering Mathematics Handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1979.

5. L. Meirovitch, Analytical Methods in Vibrations, Macmillan, New York, 1967.

6. W. Soedel, Vibrations of Shells and Plates, Third Edition, Marcel Dekker, New York,

2004.

Page 3: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

3

APPENDIX A

The total strain energy V of the plate is

ddrr

2Z

r

1

r12

2

0

R

0 2

Z2

2r

1

r

Z

r

1

r2

Z212

2

2

Z2

2r

1

r

Z

r

1

2r

Z2

2

eDV

(A-1)

Note that the plate stiffness factor De is given by

2112

3EheD (A-2)

where

E = elastic modulus

h = plate thickness

= Poisson's ratio

For a displacement which is symmetric about the center,

0),r(Z

(A-3)

0),r(Z2

2

(A-4)

Substitute equations (A-3) and (A-4) into (A-1).

Page 4: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

4

2

0

R

0ddrr

r

Z

r

1

r2

Z212

2

r

Z

r

1

2r

Z2

2

eDV

(A-5)

2

0

R

0ddrr

r

Z

r

1

r2

Z222

2

r

Z

r

1

r

Z

r

1

2r

Z22

2

2r

Z2

2

eDV

(A-6)

The total strain energy equation for the symmetric case is thus

2

0

R

0ddrr

r

Z

r

1

r2

Z22

2

r

Z

r

12

2r

Z2

2

eDV

(A-7)

The total kinetic energy T of the plate bending is given by

2

0

R

0

22

ddrrZ2

hT (A-8)

where

= mass per volume

= angular natural frequency

Page 5: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

5

APPENDIX B

Simply Supported Plate

Consider a circular plate which is simply supported around its circumference. The plate

has a radius a. The displacement perpendicular to the plate is Z. A polar coordinate

system is used with the origin at the plate's center.

Seek a displacement function that satisfies the geometric boundary conditions.

The geometric boundary conditions are

0),a(Z (B-1)

0r

Z

ar2

2

(B-2)

The following function satisfies the geometric boundary conditions.

a2

rcosZ),r(Z o (B-3)

The partial derivatives are

0),r(Z

(B-4)

0),r(Z2

2

(B-5)

a2

rsin

a2Z),r(Z

ro (B-6)

a2

rcos

a2Z),r(Z

r

2

o2

2

(B-7)

Page 6: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

6

The total kinetic energy T of the plate bending is given by

2

0

a

0

2

o

2

ddrra2

rcosZ

2

hT (B-8)

2

0

a

0

2o

2

ddrra

rcos1

4

ZhT (B-9)

2

0

a

0

2o

2

ddra

rcosrr

4

ZhT (B-10)

Evaluate equation (B-9) using the integral table in Appendix C

2

0

a

02

222o

2

da

rcos

a

a

rsin

ra

2

r

4

ZhT (B-11)

2

0 2

2

2

222o

2

d0cosa

cosa

2

a

4

ZhT (B-12)

2

0 2

222o

2

da2

2

a

4

ZhT (B-13)

2

0

2

2

22o

2

d48

aZhT (B-14)

2

0

2

2

22o

2

d48

aZhT (B-15)

24

8

aZhT 2

2

22o

2

(B-16)

Page 7: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

7

44

aZhT 2

22o

2

(B-17)

22

o

2 aZh4671.0T (B-18)

Again, the total strain energy for the symmetric case is

2

0

R

0ddrr

r

Z

r

1

r2

Z22

2

r

Z

r

12

2r

Z2

2

eDV

(B-19)

2

0

R

0ddrr

r

Z

r

1

r2

Z22

2

eD

2

0

R

0ddrr

2

r

Z

r

1

2

eD

2

0

R

0ddrr

2

2r

Z2

2

eDV

(B-20)

2

0

a

0ddrr

a2

rsin

a2

rcos

r

13

a222

oZ2

eD

2

0

a

0ddrr

a2

r2sin

2

a22r

12oZ

2

eD

2

0

a

0ddrr

a2

r2cos4

a2

2oZ

2

eDV

(B-21)

Page 8: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

8

2

0

a

0

32o

2

0

a

0

22

2

2o

2

0

a

0

242

o

ddrra2

rsin

a2

rcos

r

1

a22

2

DZ

ddrra2

rsin

a2r

1

2

DZ

ddrra2

rcos

a22

DZV

(B-22)

2

0

a

0

32o

2

0

a

0

2

2

22o

2

0

a

0

242

o

ddrra2

rsin

a2

rcos

r

1

a22

2

DZ

ddrra2

rsin

r

1

a22

DZ

ddrra2

rcos

a22

DZV

(B-23)

2

0

a

0

32o

2

0

a

0

222

o

2

0

a

0

42o

ddra

rsin

a22

DZ

ddra2

rsin

r

1

a22

DZ

ddrra

rcos1

2

1

a22

DZV

(B-24)

The first and third integrals are evaluating using the tables in Appendix C.

Page 9: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

9

2

0

a

0

32o

2

0

22o

2

0

a

02

2242o

da

rcos

a

a22

DZ

d8242.0a22

DZ

da

rcos

a

a

rsin

ra

2

r

2

1

a22

DZV

(B-25)

2

0

32o

2

0

22o

2

0 2

2242o

da2

a22

DZ

d8242.0a22

DZ

da2

2

a

2

1

a22

DZV

(B-26)

2

0

22o

2

0

22o

2

0 2

2242o

da22

DZ

d8242.0a22

DZ

da2

2

a

2

1

a22

DZV

(B-27)

Page 10: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

10

2a22

DZ

28242.0a22

DZ

2a2

2

a

2

1

a22

DZV

22o

22o

2

2242o

(B-28)

22

o

22

o

2

2242

o

a2DZ

8242.0a2

DZ

a2

2

a

2

1

a2DZV

(B-29)

2

a28242.0

2

a22

2a2

2

2a

2

14

a2D2

oZV

(B-30)

22

2

224232

oa2

18242.0

a2

1a2

2

a

2

1

a2

1DZV

(B-31)

Page 11: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

11

222

22

4

232o

a4

18242.0

a4

1a2

2

a

2

1

a16

1DZV

(B-32)

2222

232o

a4

18242.0

a4

12

2

1

2

1

a16

1DZV

(B-33)

4

8242.04

1

2

2

2

1

2

1

16

122a

13D2oZV

(B-34)

4

8242.04

12

2

1

32

1

a

1DZV

2

2

2

32o

(B-35)

4

8242.04

12

232

1

a

1DZV

2

2

32o

(B-36)

4

8242.04

14

64

1

a

1DZV 2

2

32o

(B-37)

168242.0164a64

1DZV 2

2

32o

(B-38)

168242.0164a64

1DZV 2

2

32o

(B-39)

Page 12: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

12

160568.19a64

1DZV

2

32o

(B-40)

25.02978.0a

1DZV

2

32o

(B-41)

Now equate the total kinetic energy with the total strain energy per Rayleigh's method.

25.02978.0

a

1DZ4

4

aZh

2

32o

222

o2

(B-42)

25.02978.0

a

1D4

4

ah

2

3222

(B-43)

25.02978.0

a

1D4

4

h

4

322

(B-44)

25.02978.0a

1D4

4

h

4

422

(B-45)

25.02978.0a

4D4h

4

422 (B-46)

25.02978.04h

1

a

4D

24

42 (B-47)

1911.14h

1

a

1D

24

42 (B-48)

Let = 0.3, which is the typical Poisson's ratio.

Page 13: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

13

3.01911.1

4h

1

a

1D

24

42

(B-49)

4911.1

4h

1

a

1D

24

42

(B-50)

4911.1

4h

1

a

1D

24

42

(B-51)

4911.1

4h

1

a

1D

24

4

(B-52)

h

D

a

9744.4

2 (B-53)

The natural frequency fn is

2

1fn (B-54)

h

eD

2a2

9744.4nf

(B-55)

Page 14: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

14

APPENDIX C

Integral Table

Equation (C-1) is taken from Reference 1.

2b

bxcos

b

bxsinxdxbxcosx (C-1)

Now consider

dra

rcos1

r

1

2

1dr

a2

rsin

r

1 a

0

a

0

2

(C-2)

Nondimensionalize,

a

rx

(C-3)

rxa

(C-4)

dra

dx

(C-5)

drdxa

(C-6)

dxxcos1x

1

a2

adr

a2

rsin

r

1

0

a

0

2

(C-7)

dxxcos1x

1

2

1dr

a2

rsin

r

1

0

a

0

2

(C-8)

Page 15: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

15

Recall the series

!12

x

!10

x

!8

x

!6

x

!4

x

!2

x1xcos

12108642

(C-9)

dx!12

x

!10

x

!8

x

!6

x

!4

x

!2

x11

x

1

2

1dr

a2

rsin

r

1

0

12108642a

0

2

(C-10)

dx!12

x

!10

x

!8

x

!6

x

!4

x

!2

x

x

1

2

1dr

a2

rsin

r

1

0

12108642a

0

2

(C-11)

dx!12

x

!10

x

!8

x

!6

x

!4

x

!2

x

2

1dr

a2

rsin

r

1

0

1197531a

0

2

(C-12)

0

12108642a

0

2

!1212

x

!1010

x

!88

x

!66

x

!44

x

!22

x

2

1dr

a2

rsin

r

1

(C-13)

6483.12

1dr

a2

rsin

r

1a

0

2

(C-14)

8242.0dra2

rsin

r

1a

0

2

(C-15)

Page 16: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

16

APPENDIX D

Solution of Differential Equation via Bessel Functions

The governing equation is taken from References 5 and 6.

0),r(Z4),r(Z4 (D-1)

eD

h24 (D-2)

4/1

eD

h2

(D-2)

2112

3EheD (D-3)

2

2

2r

1

rr

1

2r

2

2

2

2r

1

rr

1

2r

2224 (D-4)

The governing equation may be written as

0),r(Z2222 (D-5)

Thus the equation is satisfy by

0),r(Z22 (D-6)

Separate variables

)()r(R),r(Z (D-7)

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17

By substitution

0)()r(R22

2

2r

1

rr

1

2r

2

(D-8)

0R2R2

2

2r

1R

rr

1R

2r

2

(D-9)

0R22d

2d

2r

R

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

(D-10)

Similarly,

0R22d

2d

2r

R

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

(D-11)

Thus,

0R22d

2d

2r

R

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

(D-12)

2d

2d

2r

RR2

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

(D-13)

2d

2d

2r

12

dr

dR

rR

1

2dr

R2d

R

1

(D-14)

2d

2d12r2

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

R

2r

(D-15)

Page 18: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

18

The equation can be satisfied if each expression is equal to the same constant .2k

2k2d

2d12r2

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

R

2r

(D-16)

Thus

2k2r2

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

R

2r

(D-17)

0R2r

2k2

dr

dR

r

1

2dr

R2d

(D-18)

Define a new variable

rj

r (D-19)

2r2

2r22

(D-20)

2

2

2r

2 (D-21)

Chain rule

drd (D-22)

dr

d

d

d

dr

d

(D-23)

d

d

dr

d (D-24)

Page 19: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

19

0R2r

2k

2r

2

d

dR

2r2d

R2d

2r

2

(D-25)

0R2k2

d

dR

2d

R2d2

(D-26)

0R2

2k1

d

dR1

2d

R2d

(D-27)

Equation (D-27) is Bessel’s equation of fractional order.

The solution for circular plates that are closed in the direction is

nKGnYFnIDnJC)(R (D-28)

Equation (D-28) represents Bessel of the first and second kind and modified Bessel of the

first and second kind.

Both nY and nK are singular at = 0.

Thus for a plate with no hole, F = G = 0.

nIDnJC)(R (D-29)

Furthermore, from equation (D-16),

2k2d

2d1

(D-30)

02k2d

2d

(D-31)

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20

The solution for circular plates that are closed in the direction is

ksinBkcosA , k = n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ….. (D-32)

Or equivalently

)(kcosA .. (D-33)

The total solution is thus

)(kcosAnIDnJC),(Z (D-34)

Set the phase angle =0.

)kcos(AnIDnJC),(Z (D-35)

Set A =1. Note that the mass normalization will be performed using the C and D

coefficients.

)kcos(nIDnJC),(Z (D-36)

Page 21: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

21

APPENDIX E

Simply Supported Plate, Bessel Function Solution

The boundary conditions are

0),a(Z (E-1)

0rM at r = a (E-2)

02

Z2

at r = a (E-3)

Note that

2

2

22

2

erZ

r

1

r

Z

r

1

r

ZDM (E-4)

Boundary condition (E-3) requires that

r

Z

rr

ZDM

2

2

er at r = a (E-5)

)()r(R),r(Z (E-6)

)ncos(rIDrJC),r(Z nn (E-7)

0)ncos(aIDaJC),a(Z nn (E-8)

0anIDanJC (E-9)

Page 22: NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF RECTANGULAR PLATE … · natural frequencies of circular plate bending ... arthur w. leissa, vibration of plates, nasa sp ... natural frequencies of rectangular

22

a r at )ncos(rIDrJCrr

1D

)ncos(rIDrJCr

DM

nne

nn2

2

er

(E-10)

a r at rIdr

d

r

1DrJ

dr

d

r

1C)kcos(D

rIdr

dDrJ

dr

dC)kcos(DM

nne

n2

2

n2

2

er

(E-11)

0arrM

(E-12)

0rIdr

d

a

1DrJ

dr

d

a

1CrI

dr

dDrJ

dr

dC nnn2

2

n2

2

, at r = a

(E-13)

0rIdr

d

arI

dr

dDrJ

dr

d

arJ

dr

dC nn2

2

nn2

2

, at r = a

(E-14)

Let

r (E-15)

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23

0Id

d

aI

d

dDJ

d

d

aJ

d

dC nn2

22

nn2

22

,

at a

(E-36)

0Id

d

aI

d

dDJ

d

d

aJ

d

dC nn2

2

nn2

2

,

at a

(E-37)

Recall equation (E-9).

0nIDnJC , at a (E-38)

nJCnID , at a (E-39)

nI

nJCD , at a (E-40)

By substitution,

0Id

d

aI

d

d

I

JCJ

d

d

aJ

d

dC nn2

2

n

nnn2

2

,

at a

(E-41)

0)(Id

d

aI

d

d

I

JJ

d

d

aJ

d

dnn2

2

n

nnn2

2

, at a

(E-42)

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24

0I

d

d

aI

d

d

I

1J

d

d

aJ

d

d

J

1nn2

2

nnn2

2

n

,

at a

(E-43)

Note the following identities:

n1nn1nn Jn

JJn

JJd

d (E-44)

nJd

dn1nJ

d

dnJ

2d

2d (E-45)

nJ

n1nJ

n1nJ

1nnJnJ

2d

2d (E-46)

nJ

n1nJ

n1nJ

1nnJnJ

2d

2d (E-47)

1nJ

1nJ

2

2n1nJ

2d

2d (E-48)

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25

Analyze the first term of equation (E-42).

a

n

2

2n1

anJ

1nJ

a

n

2

2n1

nJ

1nJ

anJ

1nJ

nJn

1nJnJ

1

a1nJ

1nJ

2

2n1

nJ

1

nJd

d

anJ

2d

2d

nJ

1

(E-49)

Consider the following identities:

n1nn1nn In

IIn

IId

d (E-50)

nId

dn1nI

d

dnI

2d

2d (E-51)

nI

n1nI

n1nI

1nnInI

2d

2d (E-52)

1nI

1nI

2

2n1nI

2d

2d (E-53)

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26

Analyze the second term of equation (E-42).

a

n

2

2n1

nI

1nI

a

a

n

2

2n1

nI

1nI

anI

1nI

nIn

1nInI

1

a1nI

1nI

2

2n1

nI

1

nId

d

anI

2d

2d

nI

1

(E-54)

By substitution,

,0I

d

d

aI

1I

d

d

I

1

Jd

d

aJ

1J

d

d

J

1

nn

n2

2

n

nn

n2

2

n

at a

(E-55)

0a

n

2

2n1

nI

1nI

aa

n

2

2n1

anJ

1nJ

,

at a

(E-56)

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27

02nI

1nI

aanJ

1nJ

, at a (E-57)

02nI

1nI

aanJ

1nJ

, at a (E-58)

2nI

1nI

aanJ

1nJ , at a (E-59)

a

2

nI

1nI

nJ

1nJ , at a (E-60)

a

1

a

2

nI

1nI

nJ

1nJ , at a (E-61)

1

a2

nI

1nI

nJ

1nJ , at a (E-62)

1

2

nI

1nI

nJ

1nJ , at a (E-63)

1

2

nI

1nI

nJ

1nJ , at a (E-64)

The following form is better suited for numerical root-finding purposes.

nInJ

1

21nInJ1nJnI , at a (E-65)

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28

The roots of equation (E-65) for 3.0 are expressed in terms of 2 as

k n=0 n=1 n=2 n=3

0 4.9351 13.8982 25.6133 39.9573

1 29.7658 48.5299 70.1170 94.5490

2 74.2302 102.7965 134.2978 168.6749

3 138.3181 176.8012 218.2026 262.6244

The roots were determined using the secant method.

The fundamental natural frequency is thus

a (E-66)

e

24

D

h (E-67)

4/1

eD

h2

(E-68)

4/1

e

2

D

ha

(E-69)

4e

42

ah

D

(E-70)

h

D

a

e2

2

(E-71)

h

D

a

4.9351 e2

(E-72)

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29

The mode shapes are defined by

)ncos(rnIDrnJC),r(Z (E-72)

Recall

nI

nJCD , at a (E-73)

)ncos(rnInI

nJCrnJC),r(Z

(E-74)

)ncos(rnInI

nJrnJC),r(Z

(E-75)

Again,

a/ (E-76)

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30

APPENDIX F

Note that the numerical calculations in this appendix are performed via Matlab script:

circular_SS.m.

Mass Normalization of Eigenvectors

The eigenvector equation is

)ncos(rII

JrJC),r(Z n

n

nnknnk

(F-1)

Again,

a/ (F-2)

Normalize the eigenvectors as

1drdr),r(Zha

0

2

0

2nk

(F-3)

1drdr)n(cosrII

JrJCh

a

0

2

0

22

nn

nn

2kn

(F-4)

1drdr)ncos(2

1

2

1rI

I

JrJhC

a

0

2

0

2

nn

nn

2kn

(F-5)

1drdrrII

JrJhC

a

0

2

0

2

nn

nn

2kn

for n=0 (F-6)

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31

1)nsin(n2

1

2rdrrI

I

JrJhC

2

0

a

0

2

nn

nn

2kn

for n>1

(F-7)

1rdrrII

JrJhC

a

0

2

nn

nn

2kn

for n>1 (F-8)

For k=0, n=0,

1drdrrII

JrJhC

a

0

2

0

2

nn

nn

2kn

(F-9)

1drdrrII

JrJhC2

a

0

2

0

2

00

00

200

(F-10)

1drrrII

JrJhC2

a

0

2

00

00

200

(F-11)

1drrrII

JrJhC2

a

0

2

00

00

200

(F-12)

The eigenvalue is

= 4.9351 2.2215 for k=0, n=0 (F-13)

0

0

I

J 0.03686 for = 2.2215 (F-14)

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32

By substitution

1drrrI0.03686rJhC2a

0

200

200 (F-15)

Recall

a/ (F-16)

By substitution,

1drra/rI0.03686a/rJhC2a

0

200

200 (F-17)

1drra/r 2.2215I0.03686a/r2.2215JhC2a

0

200

200 (F-18)

Let

u = a/r2.2215 (F-19)

r = a u / 2.2215 (F-20)

dr = a du / 2.2215 (F-21)

r dr = a2

u du / 4.9351 (F-22)

By substitution,

1du u uI0.03686uJ 4.9351

ahC2

2.2215

0

200

22

00

(F-23)

The mass is

2ahm (F-24)

10.65254.9351

m2C 2

00 (F-25)

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33

10.2644mC 200 (F-26)

m

1.945C00 (F-27)

The eigenvector for k=0, n=0 is

a/r 2.2215I0.03686a/r2.2215Jm

1.945Z 0000 (F-28)

Participation Factors

The participation factor kn is

a

0

2

0 nn

nnknkn drdr)ncos(rI

I

JrJCh (F-29)

Note that

0kn for n > 1 (F-30)

The participation factor for k=0, n=0, is

a

0

2

0 knkn drdr),r(Zh (F-31)

a

0

2

0 0000 drdra/r 2.2215I0.03686a/r2.2215Jm

1.945h

(F-32)

a

0

2

0 0000 drdra/r 2.2215I0.03686a/r2.2215Jm

1.945h (F-33)

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34

a

0

2

0 00200 drdra/r 2.2215I0.03686a/r2.2215Jma

m1.945 (F-34)

a

0 00200 drra/r 2.2215I0.03686a/r2.2215Ja

m1.9452 (F-35)

a

0 00200 drra/r 2.2215I0.03686a/r2.2215Ja

m3.890 (F-36)

Recall

u = a/r2.2215 (F-37)

r dr = a2

u du / 4.9351 (F-38)

By substitution,

2.2215

0

2

00200 du4.9351

u a uI0.03686uJ

a

m3.890 (F-39)

2.2215

0 0000 du4.9351

u uI0.03686uJm3.890 (F-40)

2.2215

0 0000 duuuI0.03686uJm0.7881 (F-41)

1.0682m0.788100 (F-42)

m0.841900 (F-43)

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35

The effective modal mass is

200 m0.8419M (F-44)

m0.7088M00 (F-45)

Example

Assume a 64 inch diameter, 1 inch thick aluminum plate, with a simply-supported

perimeter. Calculate the fundamental frequency and mode shape.

Figure F-1. Fundamental Mode, fn = 45.6 Hz

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36

APPENDIX G

This appendix is unfinished.

Completely Free Circular Plate

Consider a completely free circular plate. The plate has a radius a. The displacement

perpendicular to the plate is Z. A polar coordinate system is used with the origin at the

plate's center.

The mode shape is

)ncos(rIDrJC),r(Z nn (G-1)

The boundary conditions are

0Z

r

1

r

Z

r

1

r

ZDM

2

2

22

2

er

at r = a (G-2)

0Z

r

1

r1

r

1Z

r

1

rr

1

rrDV

2

2

22

2

er

at r = a

(G-3)

The moment is

)ncos(rIDrJCr

1

rr

1

rDM nn2

2

22

2

er

(G-4)

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37

)ncos(rIDrJCr

1Dn

)ncos(rIDrJCdr

d

r

1D

)ncos(rIDrJCdr

dDM

nn2e2

nne

nn2

2

er

(G-5)

)ncos(DrIr

nn

dr

d

r

1

dr

dD

)ncos(CrJr

n

dr

d

r

1

dr

dDM

n2

22

2

2

e

n2

2

2

2

er

(G-6)

Let

r (G-7)

/r (G-8)

drd (G-9)

dr

d

d

d

dr

d

(G-10)

d

d

dr

d (G-11)

2

22

2

2

d

d

dr

d

(G-12)

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38

)ncos(DIn

nd

d1

d

dD

)ncos(CJn

d

d1

d

dDM

n2

22

2

22

e

n2

2

2

22

er

(G-13)

Now consider the shear boundary condition.

0Z

r

1

r1

r

1Z

r

1

rr

1

rrDV

2

2

22

2

er

(G-14)

Zrr

1

r

11

r

1D

Zrr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rDV

2

3

2

2

2e

2

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

er

(G-15)

)ncos(rIDrJCrr

1

r

11

r

1D

)ncos(rIDrJCrr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rDV

nn2

3

2

2

2e

nn2

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

er

(G-16)

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39

)ncos(rIDrr

1

r

11

r

1D

)ncos(rJCrr

1

r

11

r

1D

)ncos(rIDrr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rD

)ncos(rJCrr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rDV

n2

3

2

2

2e

n2

3

2

2

2e

n2

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

e

n2

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

er

(G-17)

)ncos(rIDrr

11

r

1D

)ncos(rJCrr

11

r

1D

)ncos(rIDrr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rD

)ncos(rJCrr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rDV

n2

3

2

2

2e

n2

3

2

2

2e

n2

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

e

n2

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

er

(G-18)

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40

)ncos(rIDrr

11

r

1

rr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rD

)ncos(rJCrr

11

r

1

rr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rD

V

n2

3

2

2

22

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

e

n2

3

2

2

22

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

e

r

(G-19)

)ncos(rIDrr

11

r

1

rr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rD

)ncos(rJCrr

11

r

1

rr

1

r

2

rr

1

rr

1

rD

V

n2

3

2

2

22

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

e

n2

3

2

2

22

3

22

2

32

2

23

3

e

r

(G-20)

Let

r (G-21)

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41

)ncos(ID1

111211

D

)ncos(JC1

111211

D

V

n2

3

2

2

22

3

22

2

32

2

23

33

e

n2

3

2

2

22

3

22

2

32

2

23

33

e

r

(G-22)

)ncos(ID1

1nnn211

D

)ncos(JC1

1nnn211

D

V

n2

2

2

2

3

2

2

2

23

33

e

n2

2

2

2

3

2

2

2

23

33

e

r

(G-23)

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42

APPENDIX H

Fixed Plate, Bessel Function Solution

The boundary conditions are

0),a(Z (H-1)

0r

Z

at r = a (H-2)

The displacement is

)ncos(rIDrJC),r(Z nn (H-3)

The slope is

)ncos(rIDrJCrr

Znn

(H-4)

)ncos(rIrd

dDrJ

rd

dC

rd

dZnn

(H-5)

Let

r (H-6)

d

d

dr

d (H-7)

The displacement is

)ncos(IDJC),r(Z nn (H-8)

The slope is

)ncos(Id

dDJ

d

dC

rd

dZnn

(H-9)

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43

Apply the boundary conditions

0)ncos(IDJC nn at a (H-10)

0IDJC nn at a (H-11)

0)ncos(Id

dDJ

d

dC nn

at a (H-12)

0Id

dDJ

d

dC nn

at a (H-13)

Assemble the equations in matrix form.

0

0

D

C

Id

dJ

d

d

IJ

nn

nn

at a (H-14)

The roots are found by setting the determinant of the coefficient matrix equal to zero.

0Jd

dII

d

dJ nnnn

at a (H-15)

0Jn

JIIn

IJ n1nnn1nn

at a (H-16)

0IJIJ n1n1nn at a (H-17)

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44

The roots of equation (H-17) for 3.0 are expressed in terms of 2 as

k n=0 n=1 n=2 n=3

0 10.2158 21.2609 34.8770 51.0334

1 39.7711 60.8287 84.5837 111.0214

2 89.1041 120.0792 153.8151 190.3038

3 158.1842 199.0534 242.7285 289.1799

The roots were determined using the secant method.

The fundamental natural frequency is thus

a (H-18)

e

24

D

h (H-19)

4/1

eD

h2

(H-20)

4/1

e

2

D

ha

(H-21)

4e

42

ah

D

(H-22)

h

D

a

e2

2

(H-23)

h

D

a

10.2158 e2

(H-24)

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45

The mode shapes are defined by

)ncos(rnIDrnJC),r(Z (H-25)

Recall

nI

nJCD , at a (H-26)

)ncos(rnInI

nJCrnJC),r(Z

(H-27)

)ncos(rnInI

nJrnJC),r(Z

(H-28)

Let

r (H-29)

)ncos(rII

JJC),(Z n

n

nn

(H-30)