natural building & green buildings
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
1/29
Natural & Green Buildings
By,
Anish Antony
Jessil Ummer
Kiran Vijay
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
2/29
Natural Buildings
Range of building systems and materials thatplace major emphasis on sustainability
Ensure sustainability by using material that areunprocessed or minimally processed
Basis is the need to lessen the environmental
impact of buildings and other supportingsystems, without sacrificing comfort, health oraesthetics.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
3/29
Types of Natural Buildings
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
4/29
Cob
Materials Needed : Clay, Sand & Straw
Mix sand, clay, straw or other fibrous materials to create a
stiff mud which is formed into small loaves (cobs). These
cobs are then mashed together to form a monolithic wall on
top of a foundation
Clay acts as the glue, while the sand gives strength to the
mixture and the straw gives the walls tensile strength once
hardened into place
Thermal Properties : Low insulation, Good thermal mass
Best Application : Exterior walls in moderate or sunny
climates; interior walls; ovens and hearths; benches; garden
walls; greenhouses; floors
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
5/29
Cob
Advantages Highly sculptural
Enormous design flexibility
Combines well with other materials
Disadvantages
Labor intensive
Goes up slowly, especially in cool, moist conditions
Permitting may take persistence
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
6/29
Adobe
Materials Used : Clay soil, sand, straw or other fiber
Sun-dried mud bricks stacked with a mud mortar tocreate thick-walled structures
Best adobe soil will have between 15% and 30% clay init to bind the material together, with the rest beingmostly sand or larger aggregate
Thermal Properties : Good thermal mass; low insulation
Best Application : Exterior walls in moderate or sunnyclimates; interior walls; ovens and hearths; domes and
vaults in dry, non-earthquake regions.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
7/29
Adobe
Advantages:
Adobe blocks can be made in one place and
transported.
When blocks are made, wall goes up fast.
Disadvantages:
Making and storing adobe blocks takes a lot of spaceand dry weather.
Prone to earthquake damage.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
8/29
Rammed earth
Use clay soil with high content of sand; often stabilized withcement & reinforced with steel
First proceeding by setting up forms on top of anappropriate foundation (usually stone or concrete), a soil
mixture with a clay content of 20% and a moisture contentof 10% is then rammed
Different soil types can be used to create decorative effectsand the whole is topped by a concrete bond beam whichthen holds the roof.
Walls do not need to be plastered & will last for hundreds,even thousands of years
Thermal properties:Very good thermal mass; low insulation
Best Apllication:Exterior walls in moderate or sunnyclimates; benches and garden walls.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
9/29
Rammed earth
Advantages:
Noise Reduction
Fire protection Healthy and environmentally friendly
Disadvantages
Labor and machine intensive Expensive
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
10/29
Straw Bale
Uses baled straw from wheat, oats, barley, rye,rice and others in walls covered by earthen orlime stucco
Build by stacking rows of bales on a raisedfooting or foundation, with a moisture barrier
Bale walls can be tied together with pinsofbamboo, rebar, or wood and plaster it
Thermal Properties:Excellent insulation; lowthermal mass
Best Application:Exterior walls in most climates;
quick, temporary structures
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
11/29
Straw Bale
Advantages
Goes up relatively quickly
Increasing pool of experienceddesigners/builders
Increasing pool of experienceddesigners/builders.
Disadvantages
Very susceptible to moisture damage
Unfinished building must be protected from
rain
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
12/29
Wattle and Daub
Use Straight, flexible sticks (or bamboo); clay soil;chopped straw and/or manure
The wattle may be made as loose panels, slotted
between timber framing to make infill panels, orit may be made in place to form the whole of awall
Thermal Properties:Poor insulation; low themalmass (thick plaster increases mass)
Best application:Used for building interior walls;unheated structures such as outdoor showers,sheds, etc.; exterior walls in hot tropics
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
13/29
Wattle and Daub
Advantages
Flexible
Earth Quake resistantDisadvantages
Requires lots of straight sticks which can bedifficult to find.
Labor intensive.
Prone to water damage.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
14/29
Compressed Earth Block,
Earthen bricks compressed with hand-operatedor motorized hydraulic machines
Made of clay, sand and a small percentage of
lime and/or cement that is compressed bymachine
Made by dry, screened soil and sand are mixedwell, adding 4% - 10% lime and/cement to themix if you are making stabilized blocks
The soil is compressed and molded into uniformblocks in a hand-operated press or a mechanizedhydraulic press, stacked, covered and cured for 1month.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
15/29
Compressed Earth Block,
Advantages
use of locally-available materials
Uniformly sized building components canresult in less waste & fast construction
Disadvantages
Shall not be used in any building more than(2) stories in height
Usage of cements
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
16/29
SLIPSTRAW
Slipstraw or light straw-clay is a material madefrom straw and clay slurry and used as aninsulative fill between the studs of an essentiallyconventional framed wall
Slipstraw offers fairly good insulation and can beused for interior and exterior walls
Slipstraw is usually finished with plaster just likecob or strawbale.
Thermal properties:Excellent insulation; lowthermal mass
Best Applications :Exterior walls in most climates;quick, temporary structures
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
17/29
How to construct
To make slipstraw, mix clay and straw until it is
a slimy, sticky, mess
Once the frame of the building is up screwplywood inside and outside
Fill it with SlipStraw and remove plywood
Make protective coating with earthen plaster Use little white wash for finish
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
18/29
Advantage
minimize use of nonrenewable resources and
potentially toxic substances
Disadvantages . Prone to water damage
Wood requied for frame and forms.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
19/29
Green
IGBC defines a green building as one
which uses less energy, water and
natural resources, creates less wasteand is healthier for the people living
or working inside compared with a
standard building.
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
20/29
Why Green Building?
The environmental impact of the building
industry is significant.
Green design measures also reduce operatingcosts
Enhance building, marketability
Increase worker productivity
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
21/29
IGBC
IGBC defines a green building as one which usesless energy, water and natural resources, createsless waste and is healthier for the people living orworking inside compared with a standardbuilding.
Energy saving of 30-40 % from day one Enhanced indoor air quality Higher productivity of occupants
Potable water saving of 20-30% Enhanced day light and ventilation
IGBC set up LEED India in 2001
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
22/29
What is LEED?
Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED)
It is a nationally accepted organization fordesign, operation and construction of high
performance green buildings
LEED India Version 1.0,launched in 2006
Godrej achieved platinum rating in 2003
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
23/29
Green Building in india
one of the fastest growing and mostenvironmentally aware construction industries inthe world
India began with a green property footprint ofjust 20,000 square feet in 2001
In 2010 it become 330 million square feet
Now Green Building Footprint in India reaches 1Billion sq.ft
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
24/29
Features ofLEED in India
Voluntary, consensus-based, market driven
rating system based on existing, proven
technology & processes
Evaluates environmental performance from a
whole building perspective over a buildings
life cycle
Certification based on credits
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
25/29
Categories in the rating system
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Energy & Atmosphere
Materials & Resources
Indoor Environmental Quality
Innovation in Design Regional Priority
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
26/29
Registration Process
Register in http://www.igbc.in
Pay the fee and documents
Do precertification if building is not completedand documented
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
27/29
Certification Credits
Certified 40 - 49 points
Silver 50 - 59 points
Gold 60 - 79 points
Platinum 80 points and above
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
28/29
Factors preventing Indias construction
industry from adopting green practices
#ixzz1m34TlPjo
-
8/3/2019 Natural Building & Green Buildings
29/29
http://www.globalintelligence.com/insights-
analysis/bulletins/knowledge-gap-hinders-
india-construction-industry-