national/regional air quality modeling assessment over china and taiwan using models-3/cmaq modeling...

National/Regional Air Quality National/Regional Air Quality Modeling Assessment Over China Modeling Assessment Over China and Taiwan Using Models-3/CMAQ and Taiwan Using Models-3/CMAQ

Modeling SystemModeling System

Joshua S. FuJoshua S. Fu11, Carey Jang, Carey Jang22, David Streets, David Streets33, Zuopan Li, Zuopan Li11, Litao , Litao WangWang44, Qiang Zhang, Qiang Zhang44, Binyu Wang, Binyu Wang22, Jung-Hun Woo, Jung-Hun Woo55, Der-, Der-

Ming TsaiMing Tsai66 and Yu-Lin Wu and Yu-Lin Wu66

11University of Tennessee, USAUniversity of Tennessee, USA22U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USAU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA

33Argonne National Laboratory, USAArgonne National Laboratory, USA 44Tsinghua University, ChinaTsinghua University, China

55University of Iowa, USAUniversity of Iowa, USA66National Chen Kung UniversityNational Chen Kung UniversityRTP, NC, October 20, 2004RTP, NC, October 20, 2004

Domain :Great China

Region

Grid Resolution : 36-/12-/4-km

(Nested Modeling)

Episode :July 1-20, 2001January 1-20 , 2001

Models-3/CMAQ Study Domains

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Models-3/CMAQ Workshop, RTP, NC, October 20, 2004Models-3/CMAQ Workshop, RTP, NC, October 20, 2004

China National/Regional Modeling ConfigurationChina National/Regional Modeling Configuration

Features : Models-3/CMAQ One-Atmosphere (multi-pollutants) Run

July and January 2001 CMAQ Runs Nationwide, East China/Beijing CMAQ Domains

Model Setup : NASA’s TRACE-P emission inventories and

Beijing local emissions and GEIA biogenic emission inventory

Emissions Processing: Spatial allocation (GIS/Gridding), Temporal, speciation needed for the M3/CMAQ simulations

36-km (164x97), 12-km (175x211), and 4-km (160x142), (90x90), (97x133), 14 vertical layers

Meteorology : MM5 V3.6.2 CMAQ (February, 2004 version)


China National/Regional Application

Layer distribution : Layer 1: 38 m Layer 2: 91.5 m Layer 3: 152.9 m Layer 4: 230.3 m Layer 5: 339.5 m Layer 6: 481.6 m Layer 7: 845.8 m Layer 8:1300.7 m : : Layer 14: 16262.4 m

Ozone


Convert TRACE-P emission data to CB IV SpeciationsMW CBIV(22)

No Pollutant1 Ethane 30.0 2*[9] + 2.5*[16] + 1.5*[31] ALD22 Propane 44.0 [23] CO3 Butanes 58.0 [6] ETH4 Pentanes 72.0 [15] FORM5 Other Alkanes 86.0 [30] ISOP6 Ethene 28.0 [27] NH37 Propene 40.0 0.9*[21] NO8 Terminal Alkenes 56.2 0.1*[21] NO29 Internal Alkenes 56.2 1.6*[1]+1.5*[2]+1.5*[10]+[24]+0.5*[32] NR

10 Acetylene 26.0 [7]+[8] + 0.5*[32] + 0.5*[31] OLE11 Benzene 78.0 0.4*[1]+1.5*[2]+4*[3]+5*[4]+6*[5]+[7]+2*[8]+1.5*[10]+8.5*[32]+[11]+4*[17]+1.33*[19]+6*[31] PAR12 Toluene 92.0 [25] PEC13 Xylenes 106.0 [29]-[28] PMC14 Other Aromatics 117.0 [28]-[25]-[26]-PNO3-PSO4 PMFINE15 HCHO 30.0 [28]*x PNO316 Other Aldehydes 88.0 [26] POA17 Ketones 126.0 [28]*x PSO418 Halocarbons 150.0 [20] SO219 Other 72.0 0.02*[20] SULF20 SO2 64.0 [31] TERPB21 NOx 46.0 [12] + 0.5*[14] TOL22 CO2 44.0 [13] + 0.5*[14] XYL23 CO 28.0 24 CH4 16.0 25 BC 12.0 26 OC 12.0 27 NH3 17.0 28 PM2.5 Note: x will depend on sectors of SCC29 PM10 30 ISOP (biogenic,GEIA) 5 carbons31 TERP (biogenic,GEIA) 10 carbons32 Other VOC (biogenic,GEIA) 10 carbons

Trace-PMapping from Trace-P to CB4


China Regional Modeling (Nesting): O3

36-km 12-km 4-km

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Models-3/CMAQ Workshop, RTP, NC, October 20, 2004Models-3/CMAQ Workshop, RTP, NC, October 20, 2004

NOx Emissions (36kmx36km)

TRACE-P January EM TRACE-P July EM



TRACE-P January EM TRACE-P July EM



TRACE-P July EMTRACE-P January EM



TRACE-P EMISSION Beijing EMISSION


SO2 Emissions (4kmx4km)



PAR Emissions



Difference of PAR Emissions

Beijing EMISSION – TRACE-P EMISSION


Wind Field


China Regional Modeling (Nesting): O3

(2PM July 15 , 2001.)

36-km 12-km 4-km


Air Quality Modeling Assessment in Beijing (base case- July 2001)

OzoneTRACE-P EMs Beijing EMs


Beijing Regional (4-km) Modeling: O3

(July 4-20, 2001, episode max.)

TRACE-P EMs Beijing EMs


Sensitivity runs for Beijing region (base case- July 2001)

Ozone

3xVOC Beijing EMs Beijing EMs 2xVOC Beijing EMs


Sensitivity runs for Beijing region (base case- July 2001)

Ozone

(July 4-20, 2001, episode max.)

Beijing EMs 2xVOC Beijing EMs 3xVOC Beijing EMs


Episodic Max O3 (2001 July )Episodic Max O3 (2001 July )

No transportedNo transported Zero outZero outTransportedTransported

O3 Daily Max Animation Zero Out (2001 July )O3 Daily Max Animation Zero Out (2001 July )

cn4B0

O3 Daily MAX (July 2001)

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

120.00

140.00

160.00

2001/7/1 2001/7/6 2001/7/11 2001/7/16

Date

pp

bV

cn4B0

cn4BR

cn4BR_BBD


O3 Daily Max (2001 July )O3 Daily Max (2001 July )

Beijing Regional (4-km) Modeling: PM 2.5

(Jan./July 4-20, 2001, episode avg.)

75 ug/m3July January

150 ug/m3


PM25 composition in Beijing (Jan 04- 20, 2001, cn4BR)Episoc Avg = 154 ug/m3

Other43%

EC11%

NO35%

SO416%

NH47%

OC18%

PM25 composition in Beijing (Jul 04- 20, 2001, cn4BR)Episoc Avg = 75 ug/m3

Other31%

EC10%

NO310%

SO421%

NH411%

OC17%

PM2.5 Composition in Beijing (Jan.)

PM2.5 Composition in Beijing (July)

M3/CMAQ (4-km)January 4-20, 2001 PM2.5: 154 (ug/m3 )

M3/CMAQ (4-km)July 4-20, 2001

PM2.5: 99 (ug/m3 )


Episodic AVG PM2.5 (2001 July )Episodic AVG PM2.5 (2001 July )


Background BCBackground BC Zero outZero outNested BCNested BC

cn4B0 PM 2.5 Daily MAX Animation (2001 July )cn4B0 PM 2.5 Daily MAX Animation (2001 July )


PM2.5

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Jan. 2001 Jul. 2001

ug

/m3

cn4BR

Obs.

CMAQ vs. Obs. PM 2.5 Episode AverageCMAQ vs. Obs. PM 2.5 Episode Average


8899

140154

Domain : Greater China

Region

Grid Resolution : 36-km/12-km/4km

(Nested Modeling)

Episodes :Jan. (Jan., April, Oct.) , 2001

Models-3/CMAQ Pilot Study Domains


Taiwan Regional Air Quality ModelingPreliminary Results for January Case

Features : Models-3/CMAQ One-Atmosphere (multi-

pollutants) Run Model Setup :

NASA’s TRACE-P emission inventories and GEIA biogenic emission inventory and TEDS

Emissions Processing: Spatial allocation (GIS/Gridding), Temporal, speciation and SMOKE needed for the M3/CMAQ simulations

Domains: 36-km (130X94),12-km (135X198) and 4-km (56X108), 12 vertical layers

Meteorology : MM5 (V3.5) considered snow cover, NCEP data for IC and BC

CMAQ 4.3


Air Quality Modeling over China & Taiwan : Model Nesting

36-km 12-km 4-km


Wind Field


The Effects of Air Pollutants Transport in Taiwan

OzoneBackground air

BCNested air

BCDiff


Nested Modeling at Different Grid Resolution: PM 2.5

Taiwan (Jan. 4-20, 2001, episode avg.)

36-km 12-km 4-km(non-nested)


PM2.5Background air BC Nested air

BC


Diff


Visibility (Deciview)


Background air BC Nested air BC

Diff


Summary The first ever application using “One

Atmosphere” CMAQ modeling system for Beijing regional air quality modeling

Emissions: Investigate Trace-P Asian emissions and apply Beijing local emissions and Taiwan emission inventory, especially NOx, SO2 and VOC emissions, e.g., ALD2, OLE, PAR.

The use of monitoring data is essential to against CMAQ modeling results

CMAQ model performance is acceptable for PM25 but ozone concentrations are under predicted

VOC found that it may be underestimated in China from sensitivity runs


Summary Models-3/CMAQModels-3/CMAQ has been tested for January and has been tested for January and

July scenarios in July scenarios in national/regional/urbannational/regional/urban scales in scales in China and TaiwanChina and Taiwan 36-km, 12-km and 4-km.36-km, 12-km and 4-km.

Select typical episodes in January, and October-Select typical episodes in January, and October-November (O3), 2001 to further study for the November (O3), 2001 to further study for the China and Taiwan 4-km domains. China and Taiwan 4-km domains.


AcknowledgmentAcknowledgment

USEPA and Taiwan EPA funding USEPA and Taiwan EPA funding supportsupport

University of Tennessee Office of University of Tennessee Office of ResearchResearch

Argonne National LaboratoryArgonne National Laboratory Tsinghua UniversityTsinghua University University of IowaUniversity of Iowa National Cheng Kung UniversityNational Cheng Kung University


national/regional air quality modeling assessment over china and taiwan using models-3/cmaq modeling...

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