national technical certificate (ntc) · specific learning outcomes are concise statements of the...

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NATIONAL BOARD FOR TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Plot B, Bida Road, P.M.B. 2239, Kaduna, Nigeria

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)

AND

ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE

(ANTC)

IN

LEATHER CRAFT

CURRICULUM AND MODULE SPECIFICATIONS

2019

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General Information

Leather Craft

AIM

To give training and impart the necessary skills leading to the production of craftsmen and other skilled personnel who will be

enterprising and self-reliant.

ENTRY QUALIFICATIONS

Craft Programme

Candidates must not be less than 14 years of age and should have successfully completed three years of Junior Secondary education or

its equivalent. Special consideration may be given to sponsored candidates with lower academic qualifications who hold trade test

certificates and are capable of benefiting from the programme.

Advanced Craft Programme

Candidates should possess the National Technical Certificate (NTC), Trade Test Grade II or its equivalent and should have had a

minimum of one year post qualification cognate industrial experience.

The Curriculum

The Curriculum of each programme is broadly divided into three components:

a. General Education, which accounts for 30% of the total hours required for the programme.

b. Trade Theory, Trade Practice and Related Studies which account for 65% and

c. Supervised Industrial Training/Work Experience, which accounts for about 5% of the total hours required for the programme.

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This component of the course which may be taken in industry or in the College production unit is compulsory for the full-time

students.

Included in the curriculum are the teacher’s activity and learning resources required for the guidance of the teacher.

Unit Course/Modules

A Course/Module is defined as a body of knowledge and skills capable of being utilized on its own or as a foundation or pre-requisite

knowledge for more advanced work in the same or other fields of study. Each unit when successfully completed can be used for

employment purposes.

Behavioral Objectives

These are educational objectives, which identify precisely the type of behavior a student should exhibit at the end of a course/module or

programme. Two types of behavioral objectives have been used in the curriculum. They are:

a. General Objectives

b. Specific learning outcomes

General objectives are concise but general statements of the behavior of the students on completion of a unit of the week such as

understanding the principles and application in:

a. Orthographic projection in engineering/technical drawing;

b. Loci in Mathematics

c. Basic concepts of politics and government in Political Science

d. Demand and supply in Economics

Specific learning outcomes are concise statements of the specific behavior expressed in units of discrete practical tasks and related

knowledge the students should demonstrate as a result of the educational process to ascertain that the general objectives of

course/programme have been achieved. They are more discrete and measurable expressions of the scope of the tasks contained in a

teaching unit.

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General Education in Technical Colleges

The General Education component of the curriculum aims at providing the trainee with complete secondary education in critical subjects

like English Language, Economics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Entrepreneurial Studies and Mathematics to enhance the understanding

of machines, tools and materials of their trades and their application as a foundation for post-secondary technical education for the above

average trainee. Hence, it is hoped that trainees who successfully complete their trade and general education may be able to compete

with their secondary school counterparts for direct entry into the Polytechnics, Innovation Enterprise Institutions (IEI) or Colleges of

Education (Technical) for ND, NID or NCE courses respectively.

For the purpose of certification, only the first three courses in mathematics will be required. The remaining modules are optional and

are designed for the above average students.

National Certification

The NTC and ANTC programmes are run by Technical Colleges accredited by NBTE.

NABTEB conducts the final national examination and awards certificates.

Trainees who successfully complete all the courses/modules specified in the curriculum table and passed the national examinations in

the trade will be awarded one of the following certificates:

S/NO LEVEL CERTIFICATE

Technical Programme

1. Craft Level National Technical Certificate (NTC)

2. Advanced Craft Level Advanced National Technical Certificate

(ANTC)

Guidance Notes for Teachers Implementing the Curriculum

The number of hours stated in the curriculum table may be increased or decreased to suit individual institutions’ timetable provided

the entire course content is properly covered and the goals and objectives of each module are achieved at the end of the term.

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The maximum duration of any module in the new scheme is 300 hours. This means that for a term of 15 weeks, the course should be

offered for 20 hours a week. This can be scheduled in sessions of 4 hours in a day leaving the remaining hours for general education.

However, properly organized and if there are adequate resources, most of these courses can be offered in two sessions a day, one in

the morning and the other one in the afternoon. In so doing, some of these programmes may be completed in lesser number of years

than at present.

The sessions of 4 hours include the trade theory and practice. It is left to the teacher to decide when the class should be held in the

workshop or in a lecture room.

Integrated Approach for Teaching Trade Theory, Trade Science and Trade Calculation

The traditional approach of teaching trade science and trade calculation as separate and distinct subjects in Technical College

programmes is not relevant to the new programme as it will amount to a duplication of the teaching of mathematics and physical

science subjects in the course. The basic concepts and principles in mathematics and physical science are the same as in the trade

calculation and trade science. In the new scheme therefore, qualified persons in these fields will teach mathematics and physical

science and the instructors will apply the principles and concepts in solving trade science and calculation problems in the trade theory

classes. To this end, efforts have been made to ensure that mathematics and science modules required to be able to solve technical

problems were taken as pre-requisite to the trade module.

Evaluation of Programme/Module

For the programme to achieve its objectives, any course started at the beginning of a term must terminate at the end of the term.

Instructors should therefore devise methods of accurately assessing the trainees to enable them give the student’s final grades at the

end of the term. A national examination will be taken by all students who have successfully completed their modules. The final award

will be based on the aggregate of the scores attained in the course work and the national examination.

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Curriculum Table (NTC)

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE

S/No Subject Code Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Total Hours for Each

Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 1 Term 2 Term 3

T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P

1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - 1 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 132

2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - - - - - 3 - 3 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 273

3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 1 2 - - 1 2 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135

4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 1 2 - - 1 3 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135

5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 72

6 CBM 11 Entrepreneurship - - - - 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - 72

7 ICT 11 - 15 Computer Studies 1 2 - - - - - - 1 2 1 2 - - - 3 - 3 180

8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - - 1 3 - - - - - - - - 1 3 - - 1 3 144

SUBTOTAL

9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008

9 CLS 10 Occupational Health and Safety

1 3

48

10 CLP 10 Basic Skills in Leather Works

- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48

11 CLM 11 Introduction to Hides and Skin

- - - - 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 72

12 CLM 12 Principles of Leather Manufacture

- - - - - - 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - 72

13 CLM 13 Light and Heavy Leather Production

- - - - - - - - 2 5 2 5 - - - - - - 240

14 CLM 14 Leather Dyeing and Finishing

- - - - - - - - - - - - 2 5 2 5 - - 240

SUBTOTAL

10 9 2 6 5 10 11 8 9 8 7 8 9 8 7 8 4 6 1008

GRAND TOTAL 19 8 15 19 17 15 17 15 10 1728

http://127.0.0.1:1024/gsdl?e=d-0nigeria--000--0-0--01-0--0-10l--1en-5000---50-about-0---00031-0011X%40QH%5bb%29P7f000001000007984bf452dc-0utfZz-8-0-0&a=d&d=Js3124e.3







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NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

S/No Subject Code

Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 Total Hours for Each Term

1 Term 2 Term

3 Term

1 Term

2 Term

3 Term 1 Term

2 Term

3


1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - - - - - 2 - 2 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 132

2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - - - - - 3 - 3 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 273

3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 1 2 - - 1 2 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135

4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 1 2 - - 1 3 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135

5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 72



8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - - 1 3 - - - - - - - - 1 3 - - 1 3 144

SUBTOTAL

9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008


1 3

48


- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48

11 CFM 11 Introduction to Footwear Manufacture (Pattern Cutting)

- - 4 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 120

12 CFM 12 Grading & Clicking

- - - - 4 6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 120

13 CFM 13 Stitching (Closing) - - - - - - - - 4 6 - - - - - - - - 120

14 CFM 14 Shoe Lasting - - - - - - - - - - 3 6 1 2 - - - - 144

15 CFM 15 Sole Attaching

1 2 3 6

144

16 CFM 16 Footwear Finishing - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 6 120

10 9 5 12 7 12 9 4 11 9 8 9 9 7 8 9 8 12

GRAND TOTAL 19 17 19 13 20 17 16 17 20 1872








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NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE

S/No Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3

9

Subject Code

Term 1

Term 2 Term 3

Term 1

Term 2

Term 3

Term 1 Term 2

Term 3

Total Hours for Each


1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - - - - - 2 - 2 - - - 2 - 2 - - - 132

2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - - - - - 3 - 3 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 273

3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 1 2 - - 1 2 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135

4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 1 2 - - 1 3 1 2 - - - - - - - - - - 135

5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 2 - - - - - 72



8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - - 1 3 - - - - - - - - 1 3 - - 1 3 144

SUBTOTAL

9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008


1 3

48


- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48

11 CLG 11 Introduction to Leather Goods Manufacture

4 6

120

12 CLG 12 Pattern Preparation

4 6

120

13 CLG 13 Cutting and Skiving

2 6 2 6

200

14 CLG 14 Sewing

2 4 2 4

150

15 CLG 15 Making and Finishing

2 4 2 4 150

10 9 6 12 7 12 9 4 9 9 7 9 9 7 9 11 6 10

GRAND TOTAL 19 18 19 13 18 16 16 20 16 1844


NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERRTIFICATE IN HIDES AND SKIN PRODUCTION

S/No Module YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3








10

Subject Code

Term 1

Term 2 Term 3

Term 1

Term 2

Term 3

Term 1 Term 2 Term 3

Total Hours for Each


1. CAM 11 - 14 Mathematics 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 216

2 CEN 11 - 17 English 2 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 288

3 CBB 10 - 12 Biology 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 288

4 CCH 10 - 12 Chemistry 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 288

5 CEC 11 - 13 Economics 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 216

6 CBM 11 Entrepreneurship - - - - - - -

- 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 120

7 ICT 11 - 15 Computer Studies 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 324

8 CTD 11 - 13 Drawings - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - 3 - - 288

SUBTOTAL

9 6 1 3 3 6 9 4 7 3 5 3 7 3 5 3 4 6 1008


1 3

48


- - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48

11 CHS 11 Introduction to Hides and Skin

4 6

120

12 CHS 12 Slaughtering and Flaying

4 6

120

13 CHS 13 Selection, Grading, Storage and Transportation

4 6

120

14 CHS 14 Regulation Governing Hides and Skin Trade

4 1

60

10 9 6 12 7 12 9 4 11 9 5 3 7 3 9 4 4 6

GRAND TOTAL 19 18 19 13 20 8 10 13 10 1524

Curriculum Table (ANTC)

ANTC LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE








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S/NO SUBJECT CODE MODULE YEAR 1 Total Hours for Each


T P T P T P

1. CMA 21 - 22 Mathematics 2 - 2 - 2 - 72

2. CEN 21 - 22 English 1 - 1 - 1 - 36

3. CEC 21 - 23 Economics 1 - 1 - 1 - 36

4. CBM 21 Entrepreneurship 1 - 1 - 1 - 36

6. CBB 21-22 Biology 1 2 1 2 1 2 108

7. ICT 20 ICT 1 2 - - - - 36

8. ICT 21 - 22 Auto CAD 1 & 2 - - 1 2 1 2 72 -

9. CLG 21 Bag Making 2 6 2 6 2 6 300

10.

GRAND TOTAL 9 10 9 10 9 10 696

Curriculum Table (ANTC)

ANTC IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE






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S/NO SUBJECT CODE MODULE YEAR 1 Total Hours for Each


T P T P T P

1. CMA 21 - 22 Mathematics 2 - 2 - 2 - 72

2. CEN 21 - 22 English 1 - 1 - 1 - 36

3. CEC 21 - 23 Economics 1 - 1 - 1 - 36

4. CBM 21 Entrepreneurship 1 - 1 - 1 - 36

6. CBB 21-22 Biology 1 2 1 2 1 2 108

7. ICT 20 ICT 1 2 - - - - 36

8. ICT 21 - 22 Auto CAD 1 & 2 - - 1 2 1 2 72 -

9. CLG 21 Footwear Manufacture 2 6 2 6 2 6 300

GRAND TOTAL 9 10 9 10 9 10 696

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN

FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

Course: MATHEMATICS Course Code: CMA 11 Total Hours:

Year: ONE Term: 1&2 Pre-requisite: Practical: 1 hour/week

Goal: This module is designed to provide the trainee with an understanding of methods of constructing geometric figures as

well as the use of algebra to solve mathematical problems.






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General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:

1. Carryout arithmetic operations with algebraic symbols

2. Solve problems involving simple equations

3. Understand the properties of lines and angles.

4. Understand the types and properties of polygons.

5. Use instruments to carry out simple geometrical constructions

6. Understand the theorem of Pythagoras and be able to apply the concepts in solving problems involving right angled triangles.

7. Calculate the surface area and volume of solid shapes.

Programme: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICAT

Course Code: CMA 12 Total Hours: 84hrs.

Course: MATHEMATICS

Theoretical: 3 hours/week

Year: ONE Term: 1&2

Pre-requisite: Practical: 1 hour/week

Goal: This module is designed to provide the trainee with an understanding of methods of constructing geometric figures as well as the use of

algebra to solve mathematical problems.


1. Carryout arithmetic operations with algebraic symbols

2. Solve problems involving simple equations

3. Understand the properties of lines and angles.

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4. Understand the types and properties of polygons.

5. Use instruments to carry out simple geometrical constructions

6. Understand the theorem of Pythagoras and be able to apply the concepts in solving problems involving right angled triangles.

7. Calculate the surface area and volume of solid shapes.

Theoretical Content Practical Content

Yr 1 t1 General Objective1.0: Carryout arithmetic operations with algebraic symbols

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning

Outcomes

Teacher’s Activities Resources

1-3

1.1 Define and give examples of simple algebraic expressions.

1.2 Identify like and unlike

terms

1.3 Add, subtract, multiply and

divide simple algebraic

expressions.

1.4 Introduce and remove

brackets.

• Use questions

and answers to

discuss like and

unlike terms.

•Give examples

and solve simple

expansions and

literal statements.

. Chalkboard

. Textbooks

. Flash Cards

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1.5 Change literal statements

into symbolic forms.

1.6 Solve problems in

symbolic form.

Theoretical Content Practical Content

Yr1t1 General Objective 2.0: Solve problems involving simple equations


Outcomes


4-6

2.1 Define simple equations.

2.2 Solve simple equations

e.g. 5a+ 6 = 3a + 4

2.3 Form equations from literal

statements and solve them.

2.4 Construct and evaluate

formulae

2.5 Change the subject of any

formulae

•Discuss

equations from

literal statements.

• Explain the

meaning of simple

equations.

• Solve examples

on equations and

change of subject

of formulae.

. Chalkboard

. Textbooks

. Charts on

definition of simple

equation and use of

equation and use of

equality sign.

General Objective: 3.0 Understand the properties of lines and angles.


Outcomes


7-8 3.1 Define point, line, parallel

lines, straight lines, curve,

• Explain point

and a curve and

. Chalkboard

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perpendicular and horizontal

lines.

3.2 Identify the different types

of angles e.g. acute, obtuse,

right angle; reflex angle; 30°,

60° and 75° etc.

complimentary and

supplementary angles;

adjacent angles; vertically

opposite angles, alternate and

correspondence angles.

why they have no

width.

•Explain the

different types of

angles.

• Explain what a

line is and give

examples of lines.

. Textbooks

. Mathematical sets

. set of squares

Yr 1t1 General Objective: 4.0 Understand the types and properties of polygons.


Outcomes


9-12

4.1 Identify the various parts of

shapes.

4.2 Identify types of polygons

e.g. pentagon, hexagon,

heptagon, octagon, decagon

4.3 Identify the types of

triangles: equilateral triangles,

isosceles triangles, right

angled triangles and scalene

triangles.


quadrilateral: rhombus,

parallelograms, squares, kite,

etc.

•Explain the

various parts of

shapes.

• Explain the

different types

and properties of

polygons.

•Lead students to

calculate the

interior and

exterior angles of

polygon.

• Chalkboard

• Textbook

• Mathematical set

•Students to

produce models of

triangles and

quadrilaterals.

• Lead students to

produce models of

triangles and

quadrilaterals.

•Cellotape

•Rulers

•Charts

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4.5 Apply the sum of the

angles of a triangle/polygon to

calculate any interior or

exterior angle of a

triangle/polygon.

4.6 Apply the sum of interior

angles of a polygon of n sides

to calculate any interior &

exterior angle: using the

formulae:

a. (2n - 4) right angles where n

= number of sides of the

polygon

b. the sum of the exterior

angles of a polygon is 4 right

angles.

Yr1t2 General Objective: 5.0 Use instruments to carryout simple geometrical constructions.


Outcomes


1-5

5.1 Use protractors, rulers and

compasses to draw angles of

any size.

5.2 Bisect straight lines and

angles.

5.3 Construct a line parallel/

perpendicular to a given line

•Leads students to

construct different

angles using

protractors, rulers

and compasses


bisect given lines

and angles.


construct simple

• Protractors,

•Ruler and

compass.

• Set squares

• Pair of dividers

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5.4 Construct an angles equal

to a given angle e.g. 30°; 45°,

60°, 90°, 120°; etc.

5.5 Divide a line segment into

a given number of equal parts

or into parts in a given ratio

5.6 Construct triangles and

quadrilateral using geometrical

instruments.

geometrical shapes

like triangles and

quadrilateral.

Yr.

1t2

General Objective 6.0: Understand the theorem of Pythagorean and be able to apply the concepts in solving problems involving

triangles.


Outcomes


6-8

6.1 Explain the theorem of

Pythagoras.

6.2 Prove the Pythagoras

theorem.

6.3 Apply the theorem of

Pythagoras, to find any side of

a right angled triangle when

two sides are given

• Show how to

prove Pythagoras

theorem.

•Leads students

to find unknown

side of a right

angled triangle

using Pythagoras’

theorem.

•Chalkboard

•Charts

•Models

• Textbooks

General Objective 7.0: : Calculate the surface area and volume of solid shapes.


Outcomes


9-12

7.1 Identify and draw various

types of solid shapes e.g.,

cuboid, cylinder; cone,

pyramids, prisms, hemisphere,

•Show different

types of solid

shapes to

students

• Show how to

use formula to

. Solid Shapes

•Charts

•Models of solid

shapes

• Textbooks

•Chalkboard

•Construct models

of solid shapes.

• Construction of

models of solid

shapes.


construct models

of solid shapes.

. Solid Shapes

•Charts

•Models of solid

shapes

•Cardboard

• Textbook

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and frustum of cone and

pyramid.

7.2 Calculate surface areas of

the shapes listed in 7.1 above.

7.3 Calculate the volumes of

the figures listed in 7.1 above.

7.4 Calculate the volumes of

the containers and hollow

solids, pipes and hollow

bricks.

calculate various

shapes.

•Show how to use

formula to

calculate area of

various shapes.

•Show how to use

formula to

calculate volume

of various shapes

• Scissors

•Gum

•Cellotape

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PROGRAMME:NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN


Course: MATHEMATICS Course Code: CMA 13 Total Hours: 108 hours

Year: 1 & 2 Semester:1,2 & 3 Pre-requisite: CMA 12 Practical: hours/week

Goal: This module is aimed at providing the trainee with the knowledge of statistics, linear expressions and application of trigonometric ratios to problems..

General Objectives: On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to

1. Define statistics and stages involved in statistics.

.2. Prepare frequency table and represent statistical data in pictorial form and charts.

3. Calculate statistical averages.

4. Simplify algebraic expressions.

5. Know the factorization of algebraic expressions.

6. Plot graphs of simple algebraic expressions.

7. Understand the trigonometric ratios and their application in solvingproblems.

8. Understand the sine and cosine rules in solving problems.

9. Know distances along lines of latitudes and longitudes.

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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

Course: MATHEMATICS Course Code: CMA 14 Total Hours: 72 hrs

Year: Two Term:2 & 3 Pre-requisite: Practical: 1 hour/week

Goal: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge of quadratic equations, properties of geometric figures and probability.


1. Solve linear simultaneous equations in two unknown variables

2. Solve and formulate quadratic equations

3. Know the conditions of congruency of triangles

4. Know the properties of parallelograms and the application of these properties in solving problems involving quadrilaterals

5. Understand the term “probability”

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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

Course: MATHEMATICS Y 2 T 1 Course Code: CMA 15 Theoretical: 3hours/week

Year: THREE Term:1,2 &3 Pre-requisite: CMA 14 Practical: 1hour/week

Goal: This module is aimed at providing the trainee with knowledge of methods of calculating areas of regular and irregular figures

General Objectives:

On completion of this module, the trainee should be able to:

1. Identify parts of the circle, calculate the area and circumference of the circle.

2. Solve problems involving chords, areas of segments and sectors of a circle.

3. Understand and use the mid-pint and intercept theorems

4. Identify and construct locus of a point in two dimensions.

5. Understand the proofs and application of the theorems relating to the chords and tangents of circle

6. Solve problems involving areas of irregular shapes.

7. Understand the properties of similar triangles and their application in solving simple problems on geometry

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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATEIN FOOTWEAR

MANUFACTURE

COURSE: English Language and

Communication

MODULE: CEN 11 – Oral English and Reading Yr

1t1

DURATION:

2hr/wk

GOAL: This module is designed to enable the students speak correctly and fluently, and to read up to an average speed of 200 words

Per minute.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

On completion of this module, the students should be able to:

1. Know how to speak clearly and intelligently.

2. Know how to listen effectively to and participate in conversation.

3. Understand the various types of reading.

4. Know how to read a passage with understanding at a given speed.

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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

COURSE: English Language and Communication MODULE: CEN 12 – Grammar Yr 1 t 2 DURATION: 2hr/wk

GOAL: This module is designed to enable the students acquire the necessary grammatical skills for both oral/written English

GENERAL OBJECTIVES


1.0 Understand the meaning and the structural patterns in English

2.0 Understand the use of idiomatic expressions and figures of speech.

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COURSE: English Language and Communication -

Year 1t3

MODULE: CEN 13

Literature

DURATION: 2

hours/WK

GOAL: This module is designed to help the students read literature materials for enjoyment and appreciation

GENERAL OBJECTIVES


1. Read any literary material with understanding.

2. Appreciate any literary material read and discuss intelligently.

3. Acquire the necessary ability in reading, understanding and discussion of literary material.

4. Appreciate any given literary piece, associating the text to real life experiences and situations.


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COURSE: English Language and Communication MODULE: CEN 14: Comprehension and Summary

Writing Yr 2 t 1

DURATION:

2hours/Wk

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the students with the ability to construct a meaningful paragraph in simple correct English, read

and summarize voluminous texts and further vocabulary development.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES


1. Know how to write a paragraph in simple, correct English.

2. Find out facts from a passage and interpret that passage.

3. Summarize a given passage.

4. Understand the meaning of lexical items in some registers.

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COURSE: English Language and Communication MODULE: CEN 15 Correspondence Yr 2 t 2 DURATION: 3 hours Wk

GOAL: This module is designed to help the students to be able to understand, interpret and write different types of official and

Social correspondence.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES: On completion of this module, the students should be able to:

1. Know the different types of correspondence and be able to write simple and effective letters.

2. Gain proficiency in writing different types of letters.

3. Evaluate specimen letters for the purpose of appreciating them objectively and rewriting them correctly.

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COURSE: English Language and Communication Yr 3 t 1 & 2 MODULE: CEN 16 - Essay

Writing

DURATION: 3

hours/Wk

GOAL: This module is designed to equip the students with the skills and techniques for writing good essays and good reports.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES


1. Know how to write an essay using given ideas.

2. Know how to write an essay on a given topic, using simple correct English.

3. Understand the meaning and uses of reports.

4. Know the techniques for collecting data for report writing.

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PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE

COURSE: English Language and Communication Yr 3 t 3 MODULE: CEN 17 - Report Writing DURATION: 2 hours/wk

GOAL: This module is intended to provide the students with the knowledge and skills required to read, interpret and write

good and comprehensive reports.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES


1. Know how to present reports orally or in writing in a clear, orderly and detailed manner.

2. Interpret and analyze any given report.

30


COURSE: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY

COURSE CODE: CBI 11

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 1 HOUR/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK.

GOAL: This course is designed to introduce students to the fundamentals of biology as a branch of science, the scope of biology, the scientific

method of studying biology and the relevance of biology.

General Objectives: On completion of this module the student should be able to:

1. Understand Biology as a science.

2. Know various branches of biology and their inter-relationship.

3. Understand general characteristics of living and non-living things.

4. Know the differences between plants and animals

5. Understand basic classification of plants and animals.

6. Know the relevance of Biology

31


MODULE: CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION

OF LIFE

Course Code: CBI 12 Theoretical: 1hour/week

YEAR: 1

TERM: 2 Pre-requisite: NIL Practical: 1hour /week

GOAL: This course is designed to acquaint student with the micro-structural study of external and internal structure of a cell, the

organization of life and properties and functions of living cells.


1. Understand the concept of microscopy.

2. Understand the structure of a cell

3. Understand cell as a living unit and forms in which living cells exist.

4. Understand the organization of life

5. Understand cell in relation to an environment.

6. Know the properties and functions of a living cell.

32

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN BIOLOGY

COURSE: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF RERPODUCTION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS AND ECOLOGICAL

CONCEPTS

COURSE CODE: CBI 13

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 1 HOUR/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK

GOAL: This course is designed to teach student the stages of cell division, basic principles of reproduction in plants and animals,

as well as basic ecological concepts.


1. Know stages of cell division.

2. Understand reproduction in plants and animals

3. Understand supporting tissues in plants

4. Understand basic ecological concepts.

33


COURSE: FLOWERING PLANTS AND SOIL SCIENCE 1

COURSE CODE: CBI 21

PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 13

CONTACT HOUR: THEORY: 2 HOURS/WEEK AND PRACTICAL: 1 HOUR/WEEK

GOAL: This course is designed to introduce students into the interrelationships between plants and soil


1. Understand the structure of a flowering plant.

2. Understand reproduction in plants.

3. Understand the process of transpiration and mineral requirements in plants.

4. Understand the process of photosynthesis and respiration in plants.

34


COURSE: FLOWERING PLANTS AND SOIL SCIENCE II

COURSE CODE: CBI 22



GOAL: This course is designed to introduce students into the interrelationships between the plants and soil


1. Understand tropism in plants.

2. Know the constituents, structures and characteristics of soil.

3. Understand the various methods of soil and plant conservation and improvement.

35


COURSE: ANIMAL BIOLOGY

COURSE CODE: CBI 23



GOAL: This course is designed to introduce the students into general features and characteristics of animals (vertebrates and

Invertebrates).


1. Know the external features and characteristics of invertebrate animals.

2. Know the external features and characteristics of vertebrates.

3. Know the different types of skeleton and supporting systems in animals

4. Know the different types of bones that make up the mammalian skeleton

5. Know the different types of joints in the body of a mammal.

6. Understand dentition of mammals.

36


COURSE: ANIMAL METABOLISM

COURSE CODE: CBI 31



GOAL: This course is designed to introduce the students to the theoretical and practical knowledge of the internal organs of

animals (vertebrates and invertebrates) and their mechanism of operation.


1. Understand the mode of animal nutrition.

2. Understand the main features of the circulatory system of animals and the functions of its components.

3. Understand the process of respiration and the respiratory organ in animals

4. Understand the different excretory organs and excretory products of animals.

37


COURSE: ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS

COURSE CODE: CBI 32

PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 23 & 31


GOAL: This course is designed to acquaint student with the theoretical and practical knowledge of reproduction process in

animals and the basic concepts of genetics.


1. Understand the process of reproduction in animals.

2. Understand control and co-ordination in animals.

3. Understand the basic concepts of genetics.

38


COURSE: ECOLOGY AND CONTROL OF DISEASES

COURSE CODE: CBI 33

PRE-REQUISITE: CBI 31 & 32


GOAL: This course is designed to introduce the students to interrelationship between living organisms and its environment

and also, to provide the student with understanding of control and prevention of diseases of both plants and animals.


1. Understand basic concepts in ecology.

2. Know the various diseases of man and their causative agents

3. Know the various forms or pollution (water, air and land)

39

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN CHEMISTRY

MODULE: General Principle of Chemistry l Course Code: CCH 11 Theoretical: 1hour/week

Year: 1

TERM: 1 Pre-requisite: NIL Practical: 1hour /week

GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general principles of chemistry

such as application of and career opportunities in chemistry, Nature of matter, the structure of atoms, separation techniques,

kinetic theory of matter and gas laws

General Objectives: At the end of this module, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand the general principles of chemistry such as application of and career opportunities in chemistry, nature of

matter, change in state of matter and separation techniques.

2.0 Understand the general concepts of Atoms, Molecules, Symbols of Elements and Formulae of Compounds

3.0 Understand the kinetic theory of matter and gas laws.

40


MODULE: General Principle of Chemistry ll Course Code: CCH 12 Theoretical: 1hour/week

Year: 1 TERM: 2 Pre-requisite: CCH11 Practical: 1hour /week


such as arrangement of electrons in an atom (Electronic Configuration), laws of chemical combination and shapes of simple

molecules.


1.0 Understand the arrangement of electrons in an atom (Electronic Configuration) and chemical combination

2.0 Understand the shapes of simple molecules

3.0 Understand relationships between Van der waal forces and hydrogen bonding.

4.0 Understand the variation of melting and boiling points of noble gases and some simple compounds in terms of van der waals

and hydrogen bonding.

5.0 Understand the laws of chemical combinations

6.0 Understand the arrangement of elements in the periodic table.

7.0 Understand the application of periodic law in the construction of the Periodic Table

8.0 Understand the periodic properties and their relationships for the first twenty (20) elements across a periodic table and down

group.

9.0 Understand stoichiometry and chemical reactions

10.0 Understand the basic rules for writing balanced equations

41


MODULE: General Principle of Chemistry lll Course Code: CCH 13 Theoretical: 1hour/week

Year: 1

TERM: 3 Pre-requisite: CCH12 Practical: 1hour /week


such as Mole, Avogadro’s Number & Molar Volume, properties and reactions of acids, bases and salts and principle of

acid/base titrations using appropriate indicators


1.0 Understand Mole, Avogadro’s Number & Molar Volume

2.0 Understand the basic preparation of standard solutions

3.0 Understand the relationship of vapour pressure with the boiling points of liquid..

4.0 understand the fundamental concept of energy and energy changes

5.0 Understand heats of reaction, formation, combustion, neutralization and solution

6.0 Understand the properties and reactions of acids, bases and salts.

7.0 Understand conductance of acids, bases and salts

8.0 Understand acidity and alkalinity with respect to pH scale..

9.0 Understand the principle of acid/base titrations using appropriate indicators

42


MODULE: Physical & Inorganic Chemistry l Course Code: CCH 14 Theoretical: 2hour/week


GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general physical concept of chemistry

such as redox reaction, electrolysis, and activity series of metals.


1.0 Understand rates of reaction, activation energy and collision theory

2.0 Understand the principle and concept of an electrochemical cell.

3.0 Understand primary and secondary cells.

4.0 Understand the concept of electrolysis, rusting and corrosion

5.0 Electrochemical and activity series of metals

43


MODULE: Physical & Inorganic Chemistry ll Course Code: CCH 15 Theoretical: 2hour/week


GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general concept of chemistry

such as rates of reaction, activation energy, chemical equilibrium, collision theory and metal extraction from their ores.


1.0 Understand rates of reaction, activation energy and collision theory.

2.0 Understand chemical equilibrium and le-chatelier’s principle

3.0 Understand the methods of extraction of aluminium, iron, gold and tin from their ores..

4.0 Know the common alloys of copper, aluminium, lead and iron and their uses

44


MODULE: Physical & Inorganic Chemistry lll Course Code: CCH 16 Theoretical: 2hours/week


GOAL: This module is designed to enable students have a sound background knowledge of general concept of chemistry of

nonmetals such as occurrence, properties, uses and examples of their compounds


1.0 Understand occurrence, preparation, properties and uses of some common non – metals and their compounds.

2.0 Understand the properties and reactions of acids, bases and salts.

45


MODULE: Organic & Industrial Chemistry l Course Code: CCH 17 Theoretical: 2hours/week

Year: 3

TERM: 1 Pre-requisite: CCH16 Practical: 1hour /week

Goal: This module is designed to acquaint the students with the techniques of identifying structure and naming of organic

compounds and also to provide the student with an understanding of the application of chemical processes in industrial

production.


1.0 Understand the meaning of organic chemistry and classification of organic compounds

2.0 Understand the structure and properties of aromatic hydrocarbons

3.0 Understand the occurrence, refining, cracking process of petroleum and uses of the fractions

4.0 Understand qualitative determination of elements present in an organic compound to determine the empirical and molecular

formulae.


MODULE: Organic & Industrial Chemistry ll Course Code: CCH 18 Theoretical: 2hours/week




production.

46


1.0 Understand basic chemistry of alkanols

2.0 Understand the basic chemistry of alkanoic acids

3.0 Understand the basic chemistry of akanoates.

4.0 Understand the basic chemistry of polymers (macro molecules).

5.0 Understand the chemistry of carbohydrates.

6.0 Understand the basic chemistry of proteins and amino acids

7.0 Understand the principle of nuclear chemistry (radioactivity).


MODULE: Organic & Industrial Chemistry lll Course Code: CCH 19 Theoretical: 2hours/week


47



production.


1.0 Understand industrial and environmental chemistry

2.0 Understand the classification and sources of food stuff with respect to their raw materials.

3.0 Understand the concept of environmental pollution.

Programme: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 11 Theoretical: 2 hours/week

Year: 1 Term: 1 Pre-requisite: Practical: hours/week

48

Goal: The module is aimed at introducing the trainee to the Basic Elements and subject matter of Economics.

General Objectives:


1. Understand the basic concept in economics

2. Understand the basic tools for economics

3. Understand the basic concept in production

4. Understand land as a factor of production

5. Understand labour as a factor of production

6. Understand capital as a factor of production

7. Know the role of the entrepreneur

8. Understand division and specialization of labour

9. Understand scale of production

10. Production Possibility Curve (PPC)

11. Understand the law of variable proportions/diminishing returns.



Year: 1 Term 2 Pre-requisite: CEC 11 Practical: hours/week

49

Goal: The module is designed to introduce the trainee to basic elements of population studies and the organization of human and

material resources in the production of goods and services.

General Objectives:


1.0 Understand concepts in population studies

2.0 Understand population dynamics

3.0 Understand the concept of labour market

4.0 Appreciate the role of labour unions

5.0 Understand the concept of business organization

6.0 Understand sole proprietorship

7.0 Understand partnership

8.0 Understand limited liability company

9.0 Understand stocks and shares

10.0 Understand co-operatives

11.0 Understand public corporations.



50

Year: 1 Term: 3 Pre-requisite: CEC 12 Practical: hours/week

Goal: This module is designed to enable the trainee to appreciate the rationale for consumer behavior

General Objectives:


1.0 Appreciate the laws of demand

2.0 Understand the laws of supply

3.0 Understand consumer behavior

4.0 Understand the concept of elasticity of demand

5.0 Understand the concept of elasticity of supply

6.0 Understand the concept of equilibrium

7.0 Understand the price system

8.0 Understand the concept of revenue

9.0 Know cost concept.



Year: 2 Term 1 Pre-requisite:CEC 13 Practical: hours/week

Goal: This module is designed to enable the trainee to appreciate the rationale for consumer behavior

51

General Objectives:


1.0 Understand the distribution chain

2.0 Understand concept of market

3.0 Understand perfect competition

4.0 Understand imperfect competition

5.0 Understand Monopoly


Course: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 22 Theoretical: 2hours/week


52

Goal: This module is designed to equip the trainee with knowledge of the dynamics and operation of the financial system

General Objectives:


1. Understand money

2. Understand inflation

3. Understand deflation

4. Understand devaluation of the currency

5. Understand tariffs

6. Understand the banking system

7. Understand Central Bank

8. Know other financial institutions




53

Goal: The module is designed to equip the trainee with a good grip of the operations of the agricultural and industrial sectors of the

Nigerian economy and the elements of international trade.

General Objectives:


1. Understand the agricultural sector of Nigeria

2. Understand industrialization in Nigeria

3. Understand industrial development process in Nigeria

4. Understand international trade

5. Appreciate the concept of Import and export.

6. Appreciate the concept of balance of payment


COURSE: ECONOMICS Course Code: CEC 31 Theoretical: 2hours/week


54

Goal: The module is designed to give the trainee a good understanding of government income and expenditure and an overview of

national income accounting

General Objectives:


1. Understand public finance

2. Understand the budget

3. Understand national income

4. Understand national/public debt

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE



55

Goal: This module is designed to enable the trainee to appreciate the problems of economic growth and national development

and the impact of Nigeria’s relationship with other nations of the world on the nation’s economy

General Objectives:


1. Appreciate economic growth

2. Understand economic development

3. Understand International economic organizations

4. Understand economic integration

56

PROGRAMME:NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

Course: Entrepreneurship Course Code: CBM 11 Total Hours: 2 hours/week

Year: II Term : I , II , III Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours/week

Goal: The intent of the course is to promote the knowledge of small scale business formations and management to trainees who may

wish to operate their own small scale businesses after training.

General Objectives:


1. Understand the concept of Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur, Business and Small scale Business

2. Understand the Process of identification of business opportunities.

3. Understand the process of registration of small scale business.

4. Understand the basic methods of financing business.

5. Understand the methods of customers care in small scale business.

6. Understand the challenges of small scale business in Nigeria and strategies for overcoming them.

7. Understand the process, methods and importance of record keeping in small scale business.

57

Year II

Term I

Theoretical Practical

General Objective:1.0: Understand the meaning of entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur, Business and Small scale Business

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s

Activities

Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources

1-4 1.1 Define Entrepreneurship Explain

Entrepreneurship

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

• Discuss Entrepreneurship Guide students to know

Entrepreneurship • Internet and

relevant web sites

1.2 Define Entrepreneur and identify his. Qualities

Explain

Entrepreneur and

his qualities

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

• Discuss Entrepreneur and his qualities

Guide students to know

the meaning of

Entrepreneur and his

qualities

• Internet and relevant web sites

• Invite an Entrepreneur to interact with students

1.3 List the various types of Entrepreneurs

Explain the

various types of

Entrepreneurs

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

• State the various types of Entrepreneurs


the various types of

Entrepreneurs


1.4 Define Business and Small scale business.

Explain Business

and Small scale

business

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

• Discuss Business and Small scale business


the meaning of

business and small scale

business


• Visit to a model small scale business

1.5 List the various types of business formations.

a. Sole Proprietorship b. Partnership

Compare and

contrast the

features of the

various types of

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

• Discuss and state the features of various types of business formations.


the various types of

business formations.


58

General Objective: 2.0: Understand the Process of identification of business opportunities.


Activities


5-8

2.1Define Business opportunities

Explain Business

opportunities

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Define Business opportunities


the meaning of Business

opportunities


2.2 Explain the process of

identification of business

opportunities.

• Monitoring of business environment

Explain the

process of

identification of

business

opportunities.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Discuss the process of

identification of business

opportunities.

Guide students to

understand the process

of identification of

business opportunities.


c. Limited liability Company

business

formations

• Invite an Entrepreneur to interact with students

1.6 Identify the advantages and

disadvantages of the types of

business formations in 1.5

above.

Explain the

advantages and

disadvantages of

the types of

business

formations in 1.5

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

• Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the types of business formations


the advantages and

disadvantages of types

of business formations


59

• Generation of business ideas

• Choice of location

• Conducting a feasibility study

• Recognition of obstacles and devising ways to overcome them.

• Planning of operational strategies

• Deciding on the nature of business formation.

2.3 Identify the areas of small

scale business opportunities in

Nigeria e.g.

• Welding

• Woodwork

• Arts and Crafts

• I.C.T

• Manufacturing e.g. soap making, yogurt , zobo Textile etc.

Explain the areas

of small scale

Business

opportunities in

Nigeria.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

State areas of small scale

business opportunities in

Nigeria.

Guide students to

identify the areas of

small scale business

opportunities in Nigeria


• Visits to sites such as welding workshops , business centers etc.

General Objective: 3.0: Understand the process of registration and formation of small scale businesses.


Activities


9-12


registration and formation of small

scale business.

Explain the

process of

registration and

formation of

small scale

business.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Define registration and

Formation of small scale

business.


the meaning of

registration and

formation of small scale

business.


• Visits existing small scale business.

60

3.2Identifythe factors of

production

• Land

• Labour

• Capital • Entrepreneur

Explain the

factors of

production

•

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker.

Discuss the factors of

production


the factors of production


• Interaction with entrepreneurs

3.3 Explain the role of Entrepreneurship in small

scale business

Explain the role of Entrepreneurship in small scale business

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Discuss the role of Entrepreneurship in small scale business

Guide students to know the role of Entrepreneurship in

small scale business


• Interaction with entrepreneurs

61


Year II

Term II

General Objective: 4.0: Understand methods of financing small scale businesses.


Activities


1-4

4.1 Define business financing.

Explain the

meaning of

business financing

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Define Business financing


the meaning of business

financing

Internet and relevant

web sites

4.2 Identify the sources of business financing and their advantages / disadvantages. • Equity sources

• Debt sources

Explain the

sources of

business financing

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

State the of sources of

business financing


the sources of business

financing


4.3 Identify governmental sources of financing business e.g. NDE; NAPEP etc.

Explain governmental sources of financing business e.g. NDE; NAPEP etc.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

State governmental sources of financing business

Guide students to know the governmental sources of financing business


• Visit to some of the institutions

4.4 Identify non-governmental sources of financing business e.g. cooperative societies , banks etc.

Explain the non- governmental sources of financing business

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

State the non- governmental sources of financing business

Guide students to know non- governmental sources of financing business


• Visit to some of the institutions

General Objective: 5.0: Understand methods of customer care in small scale business.

5-12 5.1 Define customer and customer

care .

• Explain the terms customer and customer care .

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

• Discuss customer and customer care .

• Guide students to know the meaning of customer and customer care .


62

5.2 Identify types of customers a. Passive customers b. All knowing Customers c. Cynic Customers d. Mouners customers

Explain types of customers

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

State types of customers

Guide students to know types of customers


5.3 Identify the principles of quality service.

Explain the principles of quality service.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Discuss the principle of

quality service.

Guide students to understand the principle of quality service.


5.4 Explain causes of customer dissatisfaction.

Explain causes of customer dissatisfaction.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Discuss causes of customer

dissatisfaction.

Guide students to understand causes of customer dissatisfaction.


• Personal visit to long standing

5.5 Identify causes of conflict with customers

Explain causes of conflict with customers

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Discuss causes of conflict with customers

Guide students to understand causes of conflict with customers


5.6 Identify solutions to causes of conflicts with customers

Proffer solutions to causes of conflicts with customers

• Text books

• Marker Board Marker

Proffer solutions to causes

of conflicts with customers

Guide students to understand solutions to causes of conflicts with customers


63

Year II

Term III

General Objective: 6.0: Understand the challenges of small scale businesses in Nigeria and strategies for overcoming them.

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources

6.1 Define the terms

Problems/ Challenges

Explain the terms


• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Discuss the terms Problems/

challenges


the meaning of



6.2Identify the Problems of

small scale business in Nigeria.

Explain the problems of small scale business in Nigeria

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Identify Problems of small

scale business in Nigeria.

Guide students to know the Problems of small scale business in Nigeria.


6.3Identify the strategies for

overcoming the problems facing small scale business in Nigeria

Explain the strategies for overcoming the problems facing small scale business in Nigeria

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Identify the strategies for

overcoming the problems

facing small scale business in

Nigeria

Guide students to know the strategies for overcoming the problems facing small scale business in Nigeria


General Objective: 7.0: Understand the methods and importance of record keeping in small scale business

7.1 Define record, record

keeping and record

management

Explain record, record

keeping and record

management

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Define record, record keeping

and record management


the meaning of record,

record keeping and

record management


7.2Explain the process of

record keeping.

Explain the process

of record keeping.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Discuss the process of record

keeping.


the process of record

keeping.


web sites

7.3Identify methods of record

keeping.

Identify methods of

record keeping.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

Explain methods of record

keeping.


methods of record

keeping.


web sites

7.4 Explain the importance

of record keeping.

Explain the

importance of

record keeping.

• Text books

• Marker Board

• Marker

State the importance of

record keeping.


the importance of

record keeping.


web sites

64

PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL

TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE (NTC)

COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

COURSE CODE: ICT 11

TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 HOURS

GOAL: This course is designed to provide students with basic knowledge of computer.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1.0 Understand the concept of computer structure and processes

2.0 Know the different operating System.

3.0 Understand the use of Internet as a source of Information

4.0 Know how to Assemble Computer.

5.0 Understand the basic principle of Troubleshooting.

65

PROGRAMME: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) FOR NATIONAL TECHNICAL

CERTIFICATE (NTC)

COURSE: BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 1

COURSE CODE: ICT 12

TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 Hours

GOAL: This course is intended to empower students with skills of Computer Application.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1.0 Understand Computer Application using MS Word.

2.0 Know how to Format text Document.

3.0 Understand the use of Microsoft Word Advance features.

4.0 Understand Computer Application using Microsoft PowerPoint

5.0 Know how to Edit Microsoft Power Point Presentation

6.0 Understand the use of Microsoft Power Point Advanced features.

66



COURSE: BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION II

COURSE CODE: ICT 13


GOAL: This course is designed to equip students with data and record management skills.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1.0 Understand Computer Application using Microsoft Excel.

2.0 Know the Use of Functions and formula in Microsoft Excel.

3.0 Know how to format Excel Workbook/Worksheet.

4.0 Understand Microsoft Excel Advanced features.

5.0 Understand Computer Application using MS Access.

6.0 Understand Database Construction and Formatting.

67



COURSE: AUTOCAD 1

COURSE CODE: ICT 14

TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36 HOURS

GOAL: This course is designed to introduce student to based knowledge in Computer based Design Software.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1.0 Understand Computer Application using AutoCAD

68



COURSE: AUTOCAD II

COURSE CODE: ICT 15

TOTAL CONTACT HOUR: 36

GOAL: This course is intended to equip the student with the Advanced Skills in Computer based design software.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1.0 Know Computer Application using AutoCAD.

69



COURSE: BASIC NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS

COURSE CODE: ICT 16


GOAL: The course is designed to equip the student with Skill knowledge of basic concept of Computer

Networking.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1.0 Understand the Concept and Implementation of Computer Networking.

70


Course: Technical Drawing Course Code: CTD 11 Theoretical: 1 hour/week

Year: ONE Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours/week

Goal: This module is to train the students to interpret and make simple drawings.


1.0 Practice the various forms of engineering drawing principles in the manufacturing and construction industries.

2.0 Name and explain the uses of various drawing instruments and equipments.

3.0 List and apply types of lines and forms of lettering.

4.0 Carry out simple geometrical constructions.

5.0 Apply the basic principles of free-hand sketching and pictorial drawings.

6.0 State the principles of dimensioning and make dimensioning of simple drawings.

7.0 Apply the of orthographic drawing in illustrating simple pictorial/orthographic projections

8.0 State the principles of sectioning and draw sections of simple pictorial/ orthographic drawings.

71


COURSE; Descriptive Geometry Course Code: CTD 12 Total Hours: 106

Course Specification:

Course: Geometrical Drawing Theoretical: 1 hour/week

Year: Two Pre-requisite: CTD 11 Practical: 2 hours/week

Goal: This module is intended to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge Engineering drawings.


1. State correctly the principles and application of loci

2. Determine the true lengths, angles and surfaces from given projected view

3. Draw simple auxiliary plans and elevations

4. Determine the line of intersection between meeting surfaces and develop given surfaces

5. Apply the basic principles of auxiliary projection and draw simple auxiliary views.

6. State the principles of sectioning and draw sections of Isometric/ orthographic projections.

7. Interpret, assemble and construct simple engineering drawings.

8. Interpret and draw simple plumbing drawings.

72


Programme: Course Code: CTD 13 Total Hours: 48 Hrs

Course: Engineering Drawing Theoretical: 0 hour/week

Year: THREE Pre-requisite: CTD 12 Practical: 2 hours/week

Goal: This module is intended to enhance the trainee’s practical skills in engineering drawing.

General Objectives:


1. Demonstrate basic knowledge of principles and skills needed in the designs of modern buildings.

2. Interpret and apply symbols, conventions and other standard practices in Engineering Drawing.

3. Apply the different types of cams, the principles of motion and methods of laying out plate cam profiles.

4. Illustrate the basic features and applications of various types of gears and the methods of representing gears in drawing.

5. Explain the practical uses of tolerance and methods of indicating tolerance in production drawings.

6. Draw and interpret exploded illustrations of simple assembly drawings.

7. Draw and interpret simple electrical and electronic circuits.

8. Draught, trace and produce, working drawings of buildings.

73

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

74

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER TRADES

MODULE: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN LEATHER TRADES

COURCE CODE: CLS 10

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

DURATION: 60 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of selecting

Grading storing and transporting Hide and Skins.

General Objectives:

1.0 Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment

2.0 Understand safety rules in the Leather work Environment

3.0 Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment

4.0 Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment

5.0 Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment

6.0 Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace 7.0 Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place

75

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER

MANUFACTURE

Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Course Code: Contact Hours: 60

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I

GOAL:

General Objective 1.0: Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment Year:1


Week

Specific Learning

Outcome

Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning

Outcome


1.1 Explain occupational health and safety 1.2 Explain environmental

hazard risks

1.3 Explain the effect of

environmental hazards

• State the occupational health and safety

Hide and

Skins

Apply environmental

protection methods

Identify environmental

hazard risks

General Objective 2.0: Understand safety rules in the leather work environment

2.1 Name Personal

Protective Equipment

(PPEs) applicable to

leather wok

environment.

2.2 Explain uses of

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

applicable to leather

wok environment e.g.

Head Protection gears,

Foot Protection gears,

Face Protection gears,

Eye Protection gears,

Hand Protection gears,

• Explain Personal



leather wok

environment.

• Explain uses of Personal



leather work

environment in 2.2

Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs)

2.1 Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)


wok environment.

2.2 Use appropriate

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

correctly.

2.3 Maintain clean

working

surrounding/

environment

• Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

applicable to

leather wok

environment.

• Demonstrate uses

of appropriate

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

• Guide students to

maintain clean

working

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs

76

Body Protection gears,

etc

surrounding/

environment

General Objective 3.0: Understand application of first aid in the leather work environment

3.1 State the importance of

first aid in the work

environment

3.2 Name the first aid

materials applicable in

the leather wok

environment

• Explain the importance of


environment.

• Explain the first aid


the leather wok

environment

First aid

3.1 Identify first aid

materials needed in

the work

environment.

3.2 Select first aid

materials applicable

in the leather work

environment.

3.3 Apply first aid

methods when

necessary in the

work environment

• Assist students to

identify first aid

materials needed

in the work

environment.

• Select first aid

materials

applicable in the

leather work

environment.

• Demonstrate first

aid procedures

necessary in the

work environment

First aid

Materials

General Objective 4.0: Understand Application of Personal Health and Hygiene in the Work Environment

4.1 Explain safety rules

and regulations to

maintain health and

hygiene in the work

environment.

4.2. Explain personal

hygiene of workers

4.3 State general rules on

hygiene that must be

followed in the work

environment and the

importance to the

health of the worker.

• Explain safety rules and

regulations to maintain

health and hygiene in the

work environment.

• State the importance of

maintaining good

personal hygiene.

• Explain the need and

relevance of compliance

to safety rules and



work environment.

Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs).

4.1 Wear clean and

smart and

appropriate Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs).

4.2 Get any cuts, grazes

and wounds given

immediate treatment

by appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment.


work safely at all

times complying

with health and

safety and other

regulations and

guidelines e.g. use

of correct PPEs.


identify the

procedures to

follow to get any

cuts, grazes and

wounds given

immediate

77

4.4 State own

responsibilities under

the Health and Safety

Act as it relates to

leather industry

4.5 Report illness and

infections promptly to

the appropriate

persons.

4.0 Describe how to deal

with cuts, grazes and

wounds promptly by

an appropriate

personnel (First Aider)

• Explain students’ or

workers’ or instructors’

responsibilities under the

Health and Safety Act as

it relates to leather

industry.

• Illustrate procedure to

report illness and

infections promptly to the

appropriate persons.

• Explain why it is

important to deal with

cuts, gazes and wounds

promptly and accurately

by an appropriate

personnel (first aider) in

the work environment

treatment by

appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment

General Objective 5.0: Understand how to maintain Hygienic, Safe and Sure Work Environment


working in a healthy,

safe and hygienic

workplace.

5.2 Report any accident or

near accidents quickly


working in a healthy, safe

and hygienic workplace at

all times.

• Guide students to report

any accident or near

accidents quickly and

5.1 Practice emergency

procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

5.2 Follow

organizational

• Demonstrate

emergency

procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

• Follow

organizational

78

and accurately to the

right personnel.

5.3 State where

information about

health and safety

procedures and

regulations can be

obtained in the work

environment.

5.4 Describe types of

hazards that may occur

in the leather work

environment.

5.5 Describe how types of


in the workplace can

be prevented or dealt

with effectively.

5.6 State types of hazards

in the leather work

environment that be

dealt with personally

by student or worker.

5.7 State hazards in the

leather work

environment that

should be reported to

someone else for

treatment and/or

accurately to the right

personnel.

• Explain sources of

information about health

and safety procedures and

regulations can be


environment.

• Explain possible types of

hazards or near hazards

that may occur in the

leather work

environment.

• Describe how types of

hazards or near hazards in

the workplace can be

prevented or dealt with

effectively.

• Explain types of hazards

in the leather work

environment that be dealt

with personally by the

student or worker.

• State hazards in the

leather work environment

that should be reported to

someone else for

treatment and/or seeking

for external solution e.g.

enhanced medical

attention.

security procedures

in doing work in the

leather industry.

5.3 Carry out proper

disposal methods of

organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.4 Observe proper

pollution control of

organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.5 Observe proper

control of sound and

noise in the work

environment.

5.6 Identify any hazards

or potential hazards

in the work

environment and

how to deal with

them effectively.

security procedures

in doing work in

the leather industry.


dispose organic and

inorganic waste

safely.


observe proper


organic and

inorganic wastes.


observe sound and

noise protection

methods in the

work environment.

• Ensure that

identified hazards


are dealt with

promptly and

accurately

79

seeking for external

solution

General Objective 6.0: Know how to work safely in the Hygienic and Secure Workplace

a 6.1 State how to warn

other people about

dangers and hazards in

the work place.

6.2 State why it is

important to warn

people about dangers

and hazards in the

workplace.


emergencies that may

happen in the

workplace.


with emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.

6.5 State where to find the

first aid equipment in

the work environment.

• Explain how to warn

other people about

hazards in the work place

and why it is important.

• Describe how to warn

people about hazards in

the work place giving

specific examples using

relevant teaching aids.

• Explain types of


happen in the workplace.

• Explain procedures to

deal with types of



• Explain location of the

first aid equipment in the

work environment.

6.1 Illustrate how to

warn other people

about dangers and

hazards in the work

place.

6.3 Identify types of

emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.

6.4 Practice how to deal

with various types of

emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.

6.5 Locate the First Aid

equipment in the

work environment.

6.6 Identify who is a first

• Demonstrate how to

warn other people

about hazards in the

work place and why

it is important.


identify types of

emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.

• Demonstrate

procedures to deal


emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.


locate the First aid

equipment in the

work environment

indicating necessary

marks and position

in the workplace.

80


aider in the work place.

6.7 Describe safe lifting

and handling

techniques that should

be followed in the

work place.

6.8 State other ways of

working safely that is

relevant to own

position in the work

environment

• Explain who is a First

Aider and the functions of

a First Aider.

• Explain safe lifting and

handling techniques that

should be followed in the

work place.

• Explain other ways of


relevant to own position

in the work environment

aider in the work

place.

6.7 Carryout safe lifting

and handling

techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.

6.8 Identify other ways

of working safely

that is relevant to

own position in the

work environment

Guide students to

identify who is a

First Aider and the

functions of a First

Aider.

• Demonstrate safe

lifting and handling

techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.

• Demonstrate other

ways of working

safely that is

relevant to own


environment

General Objective 7.0: Know Safe Handling of Fire Emergencies in the Work place

7.1 Describe the

organizational

emergency procedures

with particular

reference to fire

outbreak.

7.2 State possible causes

for fire outbreak in the

workplace.

7.3 Describe how to

minimize possibility of

fire outbreak in the

work place.

• Explain how own

organizational emergency

procedures should be

followed e.g. in the event

of fire outbreak.

• Explain possible causes


workplace.

• Explain methods and

procedures to minimize

possibility of fire

outbreak in the work

place.

Fire alarms

7.1 Identify

organizational

emergency

procedures with

particular reference

to fire outbreak.

7.2 Identify possible

causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

7.3 Identify how to

minimize possibility

of fire outbreak in

the work place.

• Demonstrate the

organizational

emergency

procedures to be

followed e.g. in the

event of fire

outbreak.

• Show possible

causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

• Show methods to


of fire outbreak in

the work place.

Fire alarms

81


alarms e.g. fire alarms

in the work place

7.5 Describe how to set off

fire alarm when

necessary.

7.6 State why a fire should

never be approached

unless it is declared

safe by appropriate

person


following fire safety

rules.

7.7 Describe

organizational security

procedures for dangers

e.g. fire outbreak in a

work environment.


reporting all usual or

unusual (routine or

non-routine) incidents

that will constitute

dangers in the

workplace to the

appropriate personnel

• Explain where to find

the alarms e.g. fire

alarms in the work place

• Describe how to set off

fire alarm when

necessary.

• Explain why a fire

should never be

approached unless it is

declared safe by

appropriate person

• Explain the importance

of following fire safety

rules.

• Explain organizational

security procedures for

dangers e.g. fire

outbreaks are

considered very

important in the work

place.


of reporting all usual or

unusual (routine or non-

routine) incidents that

will constitute dangers

in the workplace to the


7.4 Locate alarms e.g.

fire alarms in the

work place.

7.5 Practice how to set

off fire alarm when

necessary.

7.7 Identify

organizational

security procedures

for dangers e.g. fire

outbreak in a work

environment.

7.8 Recognize the need

for reporting all

usual or unusual

(routine or non-

routine) incidents


dangers in the

workplace to the

appropriate

personnel


locate alarms e.g.

fire alarms in the

work place

• Demonstrate how

to set off fire alarm

when necessary


observe

organizational

security procedures

for dangers e.g.

fire outbreaks.

• Show the need for

reporting all usual

or unusual (routine

or non-routine)

incidents that will

constitute dangers

in the workplace to

the appropriate

personnel

82

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN

LEATHER MANUFACTURE

MODULE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION

COURSE CODE: CLP 10

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 60 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general;

leather works to be able to function effectively in the leather work environment.

General Objectives:


83

1.0 Know types of leather for making leather products,

2.0 Know how to measure effectively in leather works

3.0 Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.

4.0 Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.

5.0 Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works

6.0 Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.

7.0 Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works,

84

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE

COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 240 HOURS

YEAR: 1 TERM: 1 PRE-REQUISITE

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general; leather works to be able

to function effectively in the leather work environment.

8.0 GENERAL OBJECTIVE 1.0:Know types of leather for making leather products

week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning

Resources

Specific Learning

objectives

Teachers Activities Learning

Resources

1.1 List various types of

Leather.

1.2 List the types of

Animal skins used for

leather works.

1.3 Name sources of

different types of

leather

• Name various types

of Leather.

• Explain the types of

Animal skins used

for leather works.


different types

Hide and skin

leather

Leather hide and

skin

Larger and small

animals e.g.

elephant, goat

etc.


leathers used for

producing leather

products.

1.2 Identify different

leathers for different

uses.

• Show students

various types of

leathers used for

producing leather

products.


identify different

leathers for

different uses.

Hide and skin

leather

General Objectives 2.0: Know how to measure effectively in leather works

2.1 List the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works

2.2 Explain the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.

• Give examples of the measuring devices e.g. tape rule used in leather works.

• State the functions of tape rule in measuring leather materials for making leather products.

• Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.

Tape ruler

Protractor Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system.

Carry out simple measurement in fabric materials in metric system

Convert measurement in

yards to the metric system

• Demonstrate simple measurement of fabric materials in metric system.


Tape ruler

Protractor

85

2.3 Explain how to measure leather of various sizes.

2.4 List the units of

measurement of leather sizes.

2.5 Compare the metric

system of measurement to measurement in yards commonly used for measurement of fabric materials.

• Explain the units of measurement of leather sizes.

• Explain the measurement of fabric materials in yards and compare to measurement of same materials in metric system.

• Convert

measurement in

yards to the

metric system

General Objective 3.0: Understand uses of basic working tools in leather works.

3.1 List basic working tools used in leather works

3.2 State the functions of

each working tools used in leather works

• Explain the working principles of the basic working tools used in leather works

• Explain the functions of each working tools used in leather works

Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Identify basic working tools used leather works.

Use basic working tools in

leather works


identify the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

Clicking

knives

Punching

pliers

86

General Objective 4.0: Understand uses of basic equipment in leather works.

4.1 List the primary equipment used in leather works.

4.2 List basic equipment

used in cutting process in leather works.

4.3 Describe the function

of each basic equipment used in leather works

• Explain the working principles of the basic equipment used in leather works.

• Explain the functions of each equipment used in leather works

Sewing machine

Stamping

machine

Identify the basic equipment used for leather works.

Use basic Equipment in Leather

• Guide students

to identify the

basic equipment

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

equipment used

in leather works.

Sewing

machine

Stamping

machine

General Objective 5.0: Know techniques of manual cutting in leather works

5.1 List basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.

5.2 Explain basic manual

cutting process. In leather works.

5.3 Describe the process of

cutting paper pattern using hand tools.

5.4 the process of cutting

leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.

• Give examples of basic manual cutting tools used in leather works.

• Explain basic manual cutting process. In leather works.

• Illustrate the process of cutting paper pattern using hand tools.

• Illustrate the process of cutting leather materials using basic manual cutting tools.

Scissors

Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Cut pattern using

click knife (knife)

Cut simple paper pattern using hand tools.

Cut simple leather materials

for making leather products

• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple paper pattern using hand tools.

• Demonstrate the process of cutting simple leather materials for making leather products

Hand clicking

knife and

clicking press

with clicking

knives

Skiving hand

Skiving knife

or

skiving

machine

Scissors

Punching

pliers

87

General Objective 6.0: Know basic skills in sewing leather materials.

6.1 State basic operation of leather sewing machine.

6.2 Describe basic

preparation of cutting leather material for sewing

• Describe how leather sewing machine works.

• Explain the basic preparation required of cutting leather material for sewing

6.1 Carry out manual sewing of simple leather works.

• Demonstrate

manual sewing

of simple leather

works.

General Objective 7.0: Know basic skills in making patterns in leather works

7.1 Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.

7.2 Describe how to cut the

patterns on paper materials using scissor

• Sketch simple patterns of leather works using paper.

• Describe how to cut the patterns on paper materials using scissor

7.1 Cut simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors. 7.2 Identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials.

• Demonstrate cutting of simple patterns on the paper materials using scissors.

• Guide students to identify the sectional cut of patterns on the paper materials

88

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED NATIONAL

CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

MODULE: CFM 11 INTRODUCTIONS TO FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE (PATTERN

CUTTING)

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 120 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge in footwear

manufacture.

General Objectives:


1.0 Understand how to design and develop various patterns and sections.

2.0 Know all the materials used in pattern designing and preparation.

3.0 Know the materials used in reinforcing patterns (linings, stitches, binding tapes, etc.)

89

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR

MANUFACTURE

Course: INTRODUCTION TO FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

(PATTERN CUTTING)

Course Code: CFM 11 Contact Hours: 120

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I, TERM 3

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge in footwear manufacture.

General Objective 1.0: Understand how to design and develop various patterns and sections. Year:1

Term:1


Week

Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s Activities Resource Specific Learning

Outcome

Student’s Activities Resources

Design and pattern cutting

1.1 Outline the sequence of

designing.

1.2 Explain various methods

of obtaining forme.

1.3 Explain standard making.

1.4 Explain sectional Net

pattern and Working

patterns.

1.5 List various allowances

needed in pattern

preparation.

Explain the sequence

of designing.

Describe forme and

methods used.

Describe standard

marking.

Describe Net pattern

and Working pattern.

Explain the

allowances needed in

pattern preparation.

Marker board

Marker

Projector

Charts

Show the sequence and

the methods used.

Carryout forme cutting.

Identify standard

markings.

Carryout the cutting of

the Net patterns.

Undertake the process

of cutting Net and

Working patterns.

Demonstrate how

the design is

obtained.

Guide students to

cut the forms.

Guide to identify the

standard markings.

Demonstrate how to

cut Net and working

Patterns.

Last

Masking tape

Blade

Scissors

Cardboard

Pencil

Leather board

Cardboard

pattern paper

Scissors

Knives

General Objective 2.0: Know all the materials used in pattern designing and preparation.

90

Week


Outcome


2.1 Define last.

2.2 Describe different materials

for design and preparation.

2.3 State types of equipment

and tools for design and

preparation.

Explain the materials

for design and pattern

preparation.

Explain the functions

of the equipment and

tools.

Marker board

Marker

Projector

Charts

Identify different

materials for design

and preparation

Identify types of

equipment and tools for

design and preparation.

Use the equipment

above for design and

preparation.

Demonstrate how to

use the equipment.

Cardboard

Masking tape

Marker

Various forming

apparatus

Last

General Objective 3.0: Know the materials used in reinforcing the patterns (linings, stitches, binding tapes, etc.) Week


Outcome


3.1 Describe materials used for

reinforcement in pattern

preparation.

3.2 Explain upper

reinforcement.

3.3 State the process of upper

reinforcement.

3.4 List various machines used

for upper reinforcement.

Explain different

materials used for

reinforcement in

pattern preparation.

Describe parts of

lasts.

Describe upper

reinforcement.

Outline the process of

reinforcement.

Describe types of

upper reinforcement.

Marker board

Marker

Projector

Charts

Identify materials used

for reinforcement in

pattern

Carryout bindings of

uppers.

Use binding machine

for upper

reinforcement.

Identify the parts of

last.

Use binding tape for


Carryout upper

reinforcement.

Demonstrate how to

tape uppers.

Guide the process of


Lasting machine

Binding

machine tape

(leather lining,

etc)

Upper binding

Toe puff

Counter

91



MODULE: CFM 12: FOOTWEAR BOTTOM PREPARATIONS (GRADING AND

CLICKING)

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 120 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to

prepare shoe bottom components

General Objectives:


1.0 Know various tools and equipment used for cutting and preparation of bottom components

2.0 Know the basic materials used for shoe bottom components

3.0 Understand the technique of cutting materials for bottoming

4.0 Understand the various operations involved in the preparation of bottoming parts

92


Course: FOOTWEAR BOTTOM PREPARATION Course Code: CFM 12 Contact Hours: 120

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR 2, TERM 1

GOAL: This module is design to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to prepare shoe bottom components

General Objective 1.0: Know various tools and equipment used for cutting and preparing bottom components


General Objective 1.0: Understand Workshop Safety Rules and application in Machine Shop

Week


Outcome


Tools and Equipment

1.1 Describe all machines,

equipment and hand

tools used in cutting for

preparing shoe bottom

components e.g. cutting

press, cutting knives,

cutting boards, sole

roughing machine, sole

splitting machines, etc.

1.2 Explain the safety

precautions involved in

cutting and preparing

sole components

1.3 Explain the functions

and working principles

of the machine

mentioned in 1.1 above.

Explain the

machines, tools for

shoe bottom

component in 1.1.

Explain safety

precautions in 1.2.

Describe the

functions of the

machines in 1.3.

Insoles

Soles

Cutting knives

Boards

Roughing

machine

Rivet

Eye goggle

Coverall

Hand-gloves

Clicking press

Sole roughing

machines

Sole splitting

machines.

1.1 Identify all

machines,

equipment and

hand tools used in

cutting for

preparing shoe

bottom

components

1.2 Store, care, adjust

and maintain the

machines,

equipment and

tools for preparing

shoe bottom

components e.g

cutting press,

cutting knives,

cutting boards, sole

roughing machine,

sole splitting

machines, etc.

Show all machines,

equipment and hand tools

for cutting and preparation.

Show the various ways to

store, care, adjust and

maintain the machines,

equipment and tools for

preparing shoe bottom

components.

Demonstrate the cutting and

sole preparation.

Cutting Press,

Cutting

Knives,

Cutting

Boards, Sole

Roughing

Machine, Sole

Splitting

Machines

93

1.3 Observe the safety

precautions

involved in cutting

and preparing sole

components.

General Objective 2.0: Know the basic materials used for shoe bottom components Week


Outcome


Materials for Shoe Bottom

2.1 Describe the different

materials employed for

shoe bottoming Leather,

rubber (compact and

micro-cellular), leather

board, plastics and other

man-made materials.

2.2 State the basic

characteristics of the

materials mentioned in 2.1

above and their uses.

List all available

materials for sole

bottoming in 2.1.

Explain the

characteristics of the

materials mentioned

in 2.1

above.

Shoe bottoms

Soles

2.1 Identify shoe

bottoming

components e.g. in-

sole, mock welt, heels,

shank, etc.

2.2 Select suitable

type

of materials

according to the

components to be

produced.

Show shoe bottoming

components.

Show the various materials

according to the

components to be produced.

Sole

Shank (iron

and wood)

General Objective 3.0: Understand the technique of cutting materials for bottoming Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning

Outcomes


Cutting Materials for

Bottoming

3.1 Explain the technique of

cutting for maximum

economy for good quality

insoles and soles out of

leather

3.2 State the technique of

cutting economically all

Describe the cutting

techniques for insole

and leather sole.

Describe the

functions of bottom

cutting machines.

Leather board

Soles

Rubber blank

Cut bottom parts by

hand and machine

Demonstrate how to cut

bottoming parts by hand and

machine.

Knives

Cutting

machine

Sole materials

94

bottom parts from man-

made materials.

3.3 Explain the functions of

bottom cutting machines.

Microcellular

rubber

Insole board

General Objective 4.0: Understand the various operations involved in the preparation of bottoming parts

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Student’s Activities Resources

Preparation of Bottoming

Parts

4.1 Select the most suitable

method and tool for

roughing or preparing

surface before adhesive

application e.g.

• Wire brush,

• Abrasive paper

• Chemical treatment

and the reason for the

choice

4.2 Explain how to carry out

the following operations:-

• Sole reduction.

• Insole covering.

• Insole slotting.

• Sole roughing.

4.3 Explain how to carryout

insole moulding.

Explain the purpose for

4.1.

Discuss how to carry

out the operations in

4.2.

Discuss how to carryout

insole moulding.

Adhesive

Wire brush

Abrasive

4.1 Carry-out the following

Operations by hand:

(i) Reducing insole

and sole edge

(ii) Insole covering

(iii) Insole slotting

(iv) Sole roughing

4.2 Produce insole moulding.

4.3 Use machine to carry out

the following operations:-

(i) Reducing insole

and sole edge


(iii) Insole slotting

(iv) Sole roughing

Carry-out the

following

Operations by hand:

(i) Reducing insole

and sole edge


(iii)Insole slotting

(iv) Sole roughing

Produce insole

moulding.

Use machine to carry

out the following

operations:-

(i) Reducing

insole and

sole edge

(ii) Insole

covering

(iii) Insole

slotting

(iv) Sole

roughing

Insole

board

Leather

roughing

machine

Insole

moulding

machine

Soles

95

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL


MODULE: CFM 13 CLOSING (STITCHING)

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 120 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the skill to prepare and

assemble shoe uppers

General Objectives:


1.0 Identify various types of preparation and sewing machines, their functions and maintenance

2.0 Know different sewing operations

3.0 Know the technique of upper preparation

96

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE & ADVANCED TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR

MANUFACTURE

COURSE:CLOSING (STITCHING) COURSE CODE: CFM 13 CONTACT

HOURS: 120

YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE:

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the skills to prepare and assemble shoe uppers GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 1.0 Identify various types of preparation and sewing machines, their functions and maintenance week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning

Resources

Specific Learning

objectives


Resources

Sewing Machines

1.1 Describe all common

preparation and sewing

machines

1.2 Explain the functions

and operation of sewing

machines e.g.

Skiving machines;

Folding machines,

etc.

1.3 Explain the functions of

different types of sewing

machines. E.g.

• Flat bed,

• Post bed;

• Zig-Zag

1.4 Explain functions of

attachment guides

Explain all common


machines and their operations

White board

Charts

Identify all common


machines

Identify

attachment

guides and stitching

Clean and

lubricate all

machines

Identify different

needles by type,

points and size

Change needles

and threads in

sewing machines

Identify different

Guide student to

carry out the

processes

Skiving

machines;

Folding

machines

Flat bed,

Post bed;

Zig-Zag

Sewing

machines

Splitting

machine

Perforating

machine

Stamping

machine

97

1.5 Explain attachment Guides and stitching

1.6 Clean and

lubricate all

machines

1.7 Describe different

needles by type,

points and size


changing needles

and threads in

sewing machines

1.9 Describe different

types of threads

by thickness,

composition,

twist.

.10 Explain stitch formation

and make necessary

adjustments in sewing

machines e.g.

• Stitch length;

• Tension

• Stitch length

• Tension

• Stitch formation

• Chain stitch

formation

types of threads

by thickness,

composition,

twist.

Embossing

machine

98

• Lock stitch

.11 Explain the working

principles of machine

for upper preparation

e.g.

• Splitting machine

• Skiving machine

• Perforating machine

• Stamping machine

• Embossing machine

.12 Explain the working

principles of various

sewing machines e.g.

• Single needle flat-

bed

• Twin needle flat-

bed

• Zig-zag

• Binding machine;

• One needle cylinder

arm;

• Needle post-bed

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know different Sewing Operations

Sewing Closing Operations

2.1 Explain different

methods of

sewing/closing

operation, e.g.

• zig-zag or

buttled seam;

• close seam;

• lap seam;

Describe the different methods of

sewing/closing

Operation 2.1 to 2.4

White board

Charts

Assemble upper

components

using different

methods of

stitching and

different types

of sewing

machines.

Guide

student to

carry out the

processes

99

• biding, etc

2.2 Assemble upper

components using different

methods of stitching and


machines.

2.3 Describe the decoration

of shoe uppers by

means of stitching, using

different kinds of stitches,

threads and machines

2.4 Describe the following

operations on the

finished upper.

• edge trimming;

• edge pounding;

• edge staining;

• eye letting;

• thread cutting and

cleaning

Decorate shoe

uppers by

means of

stitching, using

different kinds of

stitches,

threads and

machines

Apply the

following

operations on the

finished upper.

• edge trimming;

• edge pounding;

• edge staining;

• eye letting;

• thread cutting

and cleaning

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Know the techniques of Upper Preparation

3.1 Describe the preparation of shoe uppers

following the correct

sequence thus:

(i) upper splitting;

(ii) skiving

(iii) folding by hand

(iv) folding by machine

(v) perforating for decoration

(vi) attaching reinforcements;

(vii) applying adhesives of different

type by hand or/and by machine

(viii) laminating of uppers or attaching

Explain the

techniques of

upper preparation

3.1 to 3.3

White board

Charts

Prepare shoe uppers

following the

correct sequence thus:

(i) upper splitting;

(ii) skiving

(iii) folding by

hand

(iv) folding by

machine

(v) perforating for

decoration

(vi) attaching

100

3.2 Explain splitting, skiving,

folding, performing

3.3 Explain types of upper

reinforcement e.g.

• vee, etc.

• stitching, etc.

reinforcements;

(vii) applying

adhesives of

different type

by hand or/and

by machine

(viii) laminating of

uppers or

attaching

Identify types of upper

reinforcement e.g.

vee, stitching, etc


101


MODULE: CFM 14 SHOES LASTING

PRE-REQUISITE: CLM 13 CLOSING

DURATION: 144 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to enable the trainee acquire knowledge and skills in shoe lasting

General Objectives:


1.0 Know various tools, equipment and machines used for shoe lasting.

2.0 Understand the techniques of lasting shoes

102

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE & ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR

MANUFACTURE

Course: SHOE LASTING Course Code: CFM 14 Contact Hours: 144

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement and Practical

GOAL: This module is designed to enable the trainee acquire knowledge and skills in shoe lasting

General Objective 1.0: Know various tools, equipment and machines used for shoe lasting. Year:1

Term:1


General Objective 1.0: Understand Workshop Safety Rules and application in Machine Shop

Week


Outcome

Teacher’s

Activities

Resources

Tools and Equipment

1.1 State all machines,


used in shoe lasting

pincers, tack lifter, lasting

stand, lasting machines for

toe, seat and side lasting

machine.

1.2 State the safety precautions

involved in using lasting

equipment and machines.

1.3 Explain the functions and

working principles of the

machines mentioned in 1.1

above.

Explain the

machines, equipment

and tools in 1.1.

Explain the safety

precaution involved

in using the

machines, equipment

and tools in 1.1.

Describe the

functions of the

machines, equipment

and tools in 1.1.

Marker board

Marker

Charts

Audio-visual

resources

(projector)

Identify all machines,

equipment and hand

tools used in shoe

lasting pincers, tack

lifter, lasting stand,

lasting machines for

toe, seat and side

lasting machine.

Store, care, adjust and

maintain the machines,

equipment mentioned

in 1.1.

Demonstrate the

activities involved in

Lubricants

Screw drivers

Pliers

Spanners

103

General Objective 2.0: Understand the techniques of lasting shoes Week


Outcome

Teacher’s

Activities

Resources

Shoe Lasting

2.1 Describe Lasting technique

2.2 Explain the purpose of

Lasting

2.3 Describe different parts of

a last and different

methods of bottom metal

plating in relation to

different lasting techniques.

2.4 Outline the different types

of tacks and staples and

their uses in lasting

2.5 Describe the different types

of materials used for stiffener

and toe puff e.g. leather

board, nitro-cellulose

impregnated cloth,

polystyrene impregnated

cloth.

2.6 State the appropriate

treatment to be given to the

materials before lasting e.g.

solvent activation, heat

activation

2.7 Explain the consequences

of the stress applied on the

upper material during

lasting and the use of

Shoe Lasting

Explain Lasting

technique

State the purpose of

Lasting

Describe different

parts of a last and

different methods of

bottom metal plating

in relation to

different lasting

techniques.

Explain the different

types

of tacks and staples

and

their uses in

lasting

Explain different

types of materials

used for stiffener and

toe puff e.g. leather

board, nitro-cellulose

impregnated cloth,

polystyrene

impregnated

cloth.

Explain the

appropriate treatment

Marker board

Marker

Charts

Audio-visual

resources

(projector)

Identify different types

of materials used for

stiffener

and toe puff e.g.

leather

board, nitro-

cellulose

impregnated cloth,

polystyrene

impregnated

cloth.

Carry out the

following lasting

operations:

(i) Insole

attaching

(ii) Upper mulling

(iii) Toe puff and

counter

treatment

(iv) Assembling

upper, last and

stiffener,

according to

pairs, size and

fittings;

Demonstrate the

lasting process in

2.1.

Insole board

Upper leather

Moulded

stiffener

Toe puff

Lasting

Pincers

Upper

materials

Heat setting

chamber

Lasted upper

104

mulling.

2.8 Enumerate different lasting

techniques

2.9 Explain how to carry out

the following lasting

operations:-

i. Insole attaching.

ii. Upper mulling.

iii. Toe puff and counter

treatment.

iv. Assembling upper, last and

stiffener, according to pairs,

size and fittings.

v. Drafting of upper by hand.

vi. Lasting by hand.

vii. Lasting by machine using

specific equipment for each part

of the shoe, eg. toe and forepart,

seat and wait.

2.10 Explain the need for

setting lasted upper on the last

2.11 State different methods of

setting lasted upper on

the last.

to be given to the

materials before

lasting e.g. solvent

activation, heat

activation

Explain the

consequences of the

stress applied on the

upper material during

lasting and the use of

mulling.

Discuss different

lasting techniques

Explain the need for


the last

Discuss how to carry

out the following

lasting operations:-

i. Insole attaching.

ii. Upper mulling.

iii. Toe puff and

counter treatment.

iv. Assembling upper,

last and stiffener,

according to pairs,

size and fittings.

v. Drafting of upper

by hand.

vi. Lasting by hand.

vii. Lasting by

machine using

(v) Drafting of

upper by hand

(vi) Lasting by

hand

(vii) Lasting by

machine using

specific

equipment for

each part of the

shoe e.g. toe

and forepart,

seat and waist

(viii) Heat setting

2.2 Examine the

lasted shoe to

ascertain the

correct balance of

the upper and the

similarity

between the two

feet as a pair.

Identify the need for


the last

Show the lasted shoe

to ascertain the

correct balance of

the upper and the

similarity between

the two feet as a

pair.

Lasted upper

in pair

105

specific equipment for

each part of the shoe,

eg. toe and forepart,

seat and wait.

Explain different

methods of setting

lasted upper on the

last.



106

MODULE: CFM 15 SOLE ATTACHING

PRE-REQUISITE: CFM 14 SHOES LASTING

DURATION: 180 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to

perform sole attaching operations

General Objectives:


1.0 Know various tools and equipment used for sole attaching

2.0 Understand the various bottom preparation operations on lasted shoe before sole attaching

3.0 Understand the techniques of sole attaching (for stuck-on of moulded, pre-finished and cut soles)

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE&ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR

107

MANUFACTURE

Course: SOLE ATTACHING Course Code: CFM 15 Contact Hours: 180


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to perform sole attaching operations

General Objective 1.0: Know various tools and equipment used for sole attaching Theoretical Practical

Week


Outcome


Tools and Equipment for sole

Attaching

1.6 Describe the various

machines,

equipment and hand-tools

used in sole attaching, e.g.

roughing machine, cement

applying machine and

brushes, cement re-

activating machine, sole

tying attaching machine,

hammer, etc.

1.7 Explain the storage, care,

adjust and maintain the

machines and equipment

mentioned in 1.1 above



using equipment in 1.1

above.

Explain the various

machines and hand

tools, their storage

care, adjustment,

maintenance, their

functions and

working principles.

White board

Charts

Identify various machines,


used in sole attaching, e.g.

roughing machine, cement

applying machine and

brushes, cement re-

activating machine, sole

tying attaching machine,

hammer, etc.

carry out sole attaching

using the machines,


Store, care, adjust and

maintain the machines and

equipment mentioned

above

Show student the

machines, tools and

equipment and

demonstrate their

functions and working

principles.

Roughing

machine,

Cement

applying

machine and

brushes,

Cement re-

activating

machine,

Sole tying

attaching

machine,

hammer, etc

108

General Objective 2.0: Understand the various bottom preparation operations on lasted shoe before sole attaching Week


Outcome


Preparation on Lasted Shoe

2.1 Select the correct type of

scouring abrasive as well

as suitable method and

equipment for roughing

e.g. wire brush, sand

paper.

2.2 Explain the need for shank

and bottom fillers and

enumerate different types

of these two components

and functions they perform

Explain the

preparation process

White board

Charts

2.1 Carryout the

following

operations

(i) pounding of

lasted shoe;

(ii) flat scouring of

lasting margin

(iii) roughing of

lasting margin

(iv) insertion of

shank and

bottom filler.

Guide student to carry

out the operations

wire brush, sand

paper.

shank and

bottom filler

General Objective 3.0: Understand the techniques of sole attaching (for stuck-on of moulded, pre-finished and cut soles) Week


Outcome


Technique of Sole Attaching

3.1 Explain different types of

adhesives their

List different types of

adhesives

White board

Charts

Identify different types of

adhesives

Guide student to carry

out the processes

Adhesives

109

uses and properties

3.2 Explain how these

adhesives should be stored

and handled considering

both their instability and

hazardous nature

3.3 Explain the mechanism of

adhesion and specific

precautions to take in

attaching sole to the lasted

upper, e.g.

- surface contamination;

- adhesive condition;

- adhesive application;

- relative humidity, etc.

3.4 Explain the purpose and

method of reactivation of

adhesive.

3.5 Select the appropriate

adhesive in relation to the

nature of the sole materials

Outline the uses and

properties of

Adhesives

Describe the storage

and handling of

adhesives

Carry out the

following

sole attaching

operations:

(i) Sole

Treatment

(ii) Apply

adhesive on

the lasted

shoe bottom

and sole unit

(iii) reactivate the

adhesive

applied to the

lasted shoe

bottom and

on the sole

unit

(iv) mock welt

attaching

(v) spot the lasted

shoe on the

sole unit

(vi) press lasted

shoe and sole

unit.

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE &ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

MODULE: CFM 16 FOOT WEARS FINISHING

110

PRE-REQUISITE: CFM 15 SHOE ATTACHING

DURATION: 120 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to accomplish

finishing operations on footwear

General Objectives:


1.0 Know the tools, equipment and machines used for shoe finishing.

2.0 Understand the technique of finishing of sole and heel.

3.0 Understand various operations involved in shoe cleaning, dressing and packing


Course: FOOTWEAR FINISHING Course Code: CFM 16 Contact Hours: 120


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to accomplish finishing operations onFootwear

111

General Objective 1.0: Know the tools, equipment and machines used for shoe finishing. Theoretical Practical

Week


Outcome

Teacher’s

Activities

Resources

Tools and Equipment for

Shoe Finishing

1.1 Identify the machines,


used for finishing

operations, e.g.

- Trimming machine,

scouring machine,

edge cutters, spraying

gum, spraying booth,

etc.

1.2 Store, care, adjust and


equipment mentioned in

1.1 above.



using the machines and

tools mentioned in 1.1

above.

1.4 Explain the functions and

working principles of the


above.

Explain the finishing

operation in 1.1.

Explain the storage,

care, adjust and

maintain the

machines and

equipment mentioned

in 1.1 above.

State the safety

precautions involved

in using the machines

in 1.1.

Describe the

functions of the

machines in 1.1.s

Abrasive

Edge cutters

Spraying gun

Spraying booth

Trimming

Machine,

Scouring

Machine, Edge

Cutters, Spraying

Gum, Spraying

Booth

Eye goggle

Nose cover

Hand-gloves

Overall

Carryout the

following finishing

operations;-

• Trimming

• Scouring

• Edge-

cutting

• Spraying

Carryout the

following on

machines after use;-

• Store

• Care

• Adjust

• Maintain

Guide students to

carry out the

following finishing

operations;-

• Trimming

• Scouring

• Edge-

cutting

• Spraying

Guide students to

carry out the

following on

machines after use;-

• Store

• Care

• Adjust

• Maintain

Finishing

machine

Goggles

Hand-gloves

Nose cover

Trimming

machine,

Scouring

machine,

edge cutters,

spraying gum,

spraying booth,

etc.

112

General Objective 2.0: Understand the technique of finishing of sole and heel Week


Outcome


Techniques of Sole and Heel

finishing

2.1 Explain the difference

between finishing the sole

before attaching and finishing

the sole after attaching.

2.2 Select the correct type of

scouring abrasive as well

as suitable method and

equipment for roughing

e.g. wire brush, sand

paper.

2.3 Explain the need for shank

and bottom fillers and

enumerate different types

of these two components

and functions they

perform.

Discuss the

difference between

finishing the sole

before attaching and

finishing the sole

after attaching.

Describe the various

types of scouring

abrasive as well as

suitable method and

equipment for

roughing.

Discuss the types of

shank and bottom

fillers and the

purpose.

Abrasive

Wire brush

Sand-paper

Iron shank

Wooden shank

Fillers

Carryout the

following

operations

(i) pounding of

lasted shoe;

(ii) flat scouring of

lasting margin

(iii) roughing of

lasting margin

(iv) insertion of

shank and

bottom filler.

Demonstrate the

operations in 2.1.

Roughing

machines

Scouring

machine

Lasted upper

felt

Iron shank

Wood shank

Filler

General Objective 3.0: Understand the techniques of sole attaching (for stuck-on of moulded, pre-finished and cut soles) Week


Outcome

Teacher’s

Activities

Resources

113

Technique of Sole Attaching

3.1 State different types of

adhesives their

uses and properties

3.2 State how these

adhesives should be stored

and handled considering

both their instability and

hazardous nature

3.3 Explain the mechanism of

adhesion and specific

precautions to take in

attaching sole to the lasted

upper, e.g.

- surface contamination;

- adhesive condition;

- adhesive application;

- relative humidity, etc.

3.4 Explain the purpose and

method of reactivation of

adhesive.

3.5 Select the appropriate

adhesive in relation to the

nature of the sole materials

Explain the different

types of adhesives

and their uses and

properties.

Explain how these

adhesives should be

stored and handled

considering both their

instability and

hazardous nature.

Discuss the

following:-

• The

mechanism

of

adhesion and

specific

precautions to

take in

attaching sole to

the lasted

upper, e.g.

- surface

contaminatio

n;

- adhesive

condition;

- adhesive

application;

Latex

Neoprene

Halt melt

Polyurethane

latex

Adhesive

Identify different

types of adhesives

Carry out the

following

sole attaching

operations:

(i) sole

Treatment

(ii) Apply

adhesive on

the lasted

shoe bottom

and sole unit


adhesive

applied to the

lasted shoe

bottom and

on the sole

unit

(iv) mockwelt

attaching

(v) spot the lasted

shoe on the

sole unit.

(vi) heat activation.

(vii) press lasted

shoe and sole

unit.

Show different types

of adhesives

Guide students to

carry out the

following

sole attaching

operations:

(i) sole

Treatment

(ii) Apply

adhesive on

the lasted

shoe bottom

and sole unit


adhesive

applied to the

lasted shoe

bottom and

on the sole

unit

(iv) mockwelt

attaching

(v) spot the lasted

shoe on the

sole unit.

(vi) heat activation.

(vii) press lasted

shoe and sole

unit.

Pre-finished

sole

Adhesive

(Neoprene, Hot

melt latex, etc)

Sole laying

machine

Hand-gloves

Eye goggles

Nose protector

114

- relative

humidity,

etc.

• The purpose

and

method of

reactivation of

adhesive.

• How to select

the

appropriate

adhesive in

relation to the

nature of the sole

materials

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

LIST OF EQUIPMENT

115

Clicking knives Dividers

Scions Brushes

Owls Pen marker

Rulers Pencils

Hammers Erasers

Nail Remover Masking tapes

Charping stones Pattern Papers

Pincers Soles

Eyelet players Lasting nails

Tape rules Stitching owls

Clicking boards Cardboards

Adhesives Shanks

Lasts Heals

Eyelet punches Resin Soles

Sewing machines Roughing machines

Hand cutting tools Cement applying machines

Flat bed machine Cement reactivating machines

Post bed machine Sole attaching machines

Zig-zag machines Trimming gun

Bending machine Scouring machine

Splitting machines Edge cutters

Folding machine Spraying gun

Perforating machines Spraying booth

Stamping machines Embossing machine

Cutting press Cutting knives

Cutting board Sole roughing machines

Sole splitting machine Lasting pincers

Tach Lifter Lasting stand

Lashing machines.

116

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS

MANUFACTURE


117


COURCE CODE: CLS 10

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

DURATION: 60 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational

health and safety in leather trades.

General Objectives:







PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOOD MANUFACTURE

118

Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Course Code: Contact Hours: 60


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather trades.



Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome



hazard risks




Hide and

Skins

Apply environmental

protection methods


hazard risks

Guide the applications

and identification

Safety charts

Protective

clothing and

equipment


2.1 Name Personal



leather wok

environment.

2.2 Explain uses of

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)









leather wok

environment.




leather work

environment in 2.2

Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs)

2.1 Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)


wok environment.

2.2 Use appropriate

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

correctly.

2.3 Maintain clean

working

• Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

applicable to

leather wok

environment.


of appropriate

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)


maintain clean

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs

119




etc

surrounding/

environment

working

surrounding/

environment




environment



the leather wok

environment



environment.



the leather wok

environment

First aid


materials needed in

the work

environment.



in the leather work

environment.

3.3 Apply first aid

methods when

necessary in the

work environment


identify first aid

materials needed

in the work

environment.


materials

applicable in the

leather work

environment.


aid procedures

necessary in the

work environment

First aid

Materials



and regulations to

maintain health and

hygiene in the work

environment.


hygiene of workers




environment and the

importance to the





work environment.


maintaining good

personal hygiene.



to safety rules and



Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs).

4.1 Wear clean and

smart and


Protective

Equipment (PPEs).


and wounds given

immediate treatment

by appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment.


work safely at all

times complying

with health and

safety and other

regulations and

guidelines e.g. use

of correct PPEs.


identify the

procedures to

follow to get any

cuts, grazes and

wounds given

120

4.4 State own




leather industry



the appropriate

persons.



wounds promptly by

an appropriate


work environment.






industry.


report illness and







by an appropriate



immediate

treatment by

appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment




safe and hygienic

workplace.






all times.





procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

5.2 Follow

organizational

• Demonstrate

emergency

procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

• Follow

organizational

121


right personnel.

5.3 State where

information about

health and safety

procedures and

regulations can be


environment.



in the leather work

environment.





with effectively.


in the leather work

environment that be




leather work

environment that


someone else for

treatment and/or


personnel.




regulations can be


environment.




leather work

environment.





effectively.


in the leather work



student or worker.




someone else for



enhanced medical

attention.

security procedures


leather industry.


disposal methods of

organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.4 Observe proper


organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.5 Observe proper


noise in the work

environment.



in the work

environment and

how to deal with

them effectively.

security procedures

in doing work in



dispose organic and

inorganic waste

safely.


observe proper


organic and

inorganic wastes.


observe sound and

noise protection

methods in the

work environment.

• Ensure that

identified hazards


are dealt with

promptly and

accurately

122


solution



other people about


the work place.

6.2 State why it is

important to warn


and hazards in the

workplace.



happen in the

workplace.



may happen in the

workplace.





other people about












deal with types of





work environment.


warn other people

about dangers and

hazards in the work

place.


emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.



emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.


equipment in the

work environment.



warn other people


work place and why

it is important.


identify types of

emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.

• Demonstrate

procedures to deal


emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.



equipment in the

work environment


marks and position

in the workplace.

123




and handling


be followed in the

work place.



relevant to own


environment



a First Aider.




work place.





aider in the work

place.


and handling

techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.


of working safely

that is relevant to

own position in the

work environment

Guide students to

identify who is a

First Aider and the


Aider.



techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.


ways of working

safely that is

relevant to own


environment


7.1 Describe the

organizational


with particular

reference to fire

outbreak.



workplace.

7.3 Describe how to



work place.

• Explain how own




of fire outbreak.



workplace.



possibility of fire


place.

Fire alarms

7.1 Identify

organizational

emergency

procedures with


to fire outbreak.


causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

7.3 Identify how to


of fire outbreak in

the work place.

• Demonstrate the

organizational

emergency

procedures to be


event of fire

outbreak.

• Show possible

causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

• Show methods to


of fire outbreak in

the work place.

Fire alarms

124



in the work place


fire alarm when

necessary.


never be approached


safe by appropriate

person



rules.

7.7 Describe




work environment.



unusual (routine or



dangers in the

workplace to the






fire alarm when

necessary.


should never be


declared safe by

appropriate person



rules.



dangers e.g. fire

outbreaks are

considered very


place.









fire alarms in the

work place.


off fire alarm when

necessary.

7.7 Identify

organizational

security procedures


outbreak in a work

environment.


for reporting all

usual or unusual

(routine or non-

routine) incidents


dangers in the

workplace to the

appropriate

personnel


locate alarms e.g.

fire alarms in the

work place

• Demonstrate how


when necessary


observe

organizational

security procedures

for dangers e.g.

fire outbreaks.


reporting all usual

or unusual (routine

or non-routine)

incidents that will

constitute dangers

in the workplace to

the appropriate

personnel

125



COURSE CODE: CLP 10

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 60 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general;


General Objectives:






126




127


COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLP 11 CREDIT HOURS: 240 HOURS


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in general; leather works to be able

to function effectively in the leather work environment.



Resources

Specific Learning

objectives


Resources


Leather.



leather works.

1.6 Name sources of

different types of

leather


of Leather.


Animal skins used

for leather works.


different types

Hide and skin

leather

Leather hide and

skin

Larger and small

animals e.g.

elephant, goat

etc.


leathers used for

producing leather

products.



uses.

• Show students

various types of

leathers used for

producing leather

products.


identify different

leathers for

different uses.

Hide and skin

leather







Tape ruler







Tape ruler

Protractor

128








• Convert

measurement in

yards to the

metric system







Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Clicking knives

Punching pliers



leather works


identify the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

Clicking

knives

Punching

pliers

129









Sewing machine

Stamping

machine



• Guide students

to identify the

basic equipment

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

equipment used

in leather works.

Sewing

machine

Stamping

machine













Scissors

Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Cut pattern using

click knife (knife)






Hand clicking

knife and

clicking press

with clicking

knives

Skiving hand

Skiving knife

or

skiving

machine

Scissors

Punching

pliers

130



6.2 Describe basic





• Demonstrate

manual sewing

of simple leather

works.










131

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS

MANUFACTURE

MODULE: CLG 11 INTRODUCTION TO LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE

DURATION: 120 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge of leather and

its uses.

General Objectives:


1.0 Understand the history of and development of leather goods.

2.0 Know materials used in leather goods manufacture.

3.0 Know materials used in reinforcing leather goods, finishing materials and principle of adhesion in leather goods manufacture

132

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE

COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO LEATHER GOODS

MANUFACTURE

COURSE CODE: CLG 11 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:

YEAR: SEMESTER PRE: REQUISITE NIL

GOAL: This module is design to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of leather and synthetic

General Objective 1.0: understand the history and development of leather and synthetic materials (PU, PVC etc)

Week


Outcome

Teacher’s Activities

1.1 Outline the origin of the

use of leather;

1.2 List the sources of the

leathers;

1.3 Outline the process of

leather production with

emphasis on tanning.

1.4 List the types of leather

used in the industry

1.5 Explain characteristics of

types of leather used in

the industry.

1.6 Outline the origin and

properties of synthetic

materials pu/pvc.

Explain the origin and

sources of leather

Describe the processes of

leather production with

emphasis on tanning

Explain the types and

characteristics of leather

used in industry

Explain the origin and

properties of pu, pvc and

textile materials

PU, PVC

Textile

materials

Carryout flying Guide student to fly

carcass

Carcass

animal

133

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know materials used in leather goods manufacture

2.1 Differentiate between hide and skin 2.2 List synthetic materials

used in hides and skin

production

2.3 State the advantages and

disadvantages of

synthetic materials used

in hide and skin

production ;

2.4 Classify leather as soft

leather, hard leather etc.

2.5 Explain the choice of a

particular leather for a

particular product

2.6List different types of fiber

boards used in leather

goods industry.

2.7Explain the properties of

different types of fiber

boards used in leather

goods industry

2.8 List different types of

yarns and threads used in

leather goods manufacture

Explain the difference

between hide and skin

Explain the types of

synthetic materials

Explain the advantages and

disadvantages of synthetic

materials

Explain the classification of

leather

Describe the choice of

leather for a particular

product

Explain different types of

fiber boards used in leather

goods industry

State the properties of

different types of fibers

Explain the different types

of yarns and threads used.

PVC coated

fabric

PU coated

fabric

Synthetic

(lylon) and

cotton

threads

Choose leather for

-clothing for garment

-upholstery

Identify Synthetic and

cotton threads

Guide the choice of

different leathers.

Show student the

different threads

Differentiat

e types of

leather

light/heavy

leather

Synthetic

thread and

cotton

threads

134

2.9 Explain the properties of

different types of yarns

and threads used in

leather goods manufacture

2.10 Explain the structure of

fabrics

2.11 Explain the uses of

fabrics in leather goods

industry.

2.12 Explain the

characteristics and uses

of plastics in the leather

goods industry.

State the properties of yarns

and threads.

Describe the structure of pvc

coated fabric and pu coated

fabric and their uses in

leather goods industry

State the characteristics and

uses of plastics in the leather

goods industry.

Identify fabrics use in


Identify plastic use in


Show student the fabric

and plastic materials.

Fabric and

plastic

materials

135

General Objective 3.0: Know materials used in reinforcing leather goods, finishing materials and principle of adhesion in leather goods

manufacture

3.1 Explain the importance of

reinforcing leather goods.

3.2 Explain materials used

for reinforcing in leather

goods manufacturing

3.3 Explain the characteristics

and uses of materials used

for reinforcing in leather

goods manufacturing.

3.4 Explain the sources,

properties and uses of

dressing and finishing

materials.

3.5 List the types of adhesive

used in the leather goods

industry

3.6 Explain the principles of

adhesion

3.7 Explain the criteria for the

selection of a particular

type of adhesive for a

particular purpose, taking

into consideration the

nature of the material

State the importance of

reinforcing leather goods

Describe the materials used

for reinforcement

State the characteristics and

uses of the materials used.

State the sources, properties

and uses of dressing and

finishing materials

Explain the adhesive used in

leather industry

Discuss the principles of

adhesion

State the selection criteria

for adhesive for particular

purpose.

Identify materials used

for reinforcing in

leather goods

manufacture

Select adhesive for

temporary or

permanent attachment

Guide the selection

process

Robber

latex new

print bag,

jacket

wallet etc.

136

3.8 Explain the application

and effects of adhesives

3.9 Describe cleaning

materials with examples

3.10 list source of cleaning

materials properties action

and state their uses

3.11 List different types of

dyes and pigment used in

leather goods manufacture.

3.12 Explain the origin and

composition of dyes and

pigments

Describe the application

adhesives

Explain cleaning materials

such as thinner

Explain the source,

properties and used of

closing materials


dyes and pigment

State the origin and

composition of dyes and

pigments

-apply adhesive on

materials such as bags,

jacket wallet etc.

-observe the effects of

adhesives on bag,

wallet jacket etc.

Identify cleaning

materials

Identify different types

of dyes and pigment

Show student closing

materials

Show student different

dyes and pigment

Cleaning

materials

Dyes

Pigment

137


LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE

MODULE: CLG 12 PATTERN PREPARATIONS

PREREQUISITE

DURATION: 120 HOURS

GOAL: To enable trainees to design and prepare patterns for use in leather goods manufacturing

General Objectives:


1.0 Know all instrument and equipment used in pattern preparation.

2.0 Know the production of pattern for various products.

3.0 Understand the application of leather goods patterns.

138

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS

MANUCTURE

COURS: PATTERN DESIGN AND PREPARATION COURSE CODE: CLG 12 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:

YEAR: SEMESTE PRE: REQUISITE NIL

GOAL: To enable trainees to design and prepare patterns for use in leather goods manufacturing

General Objective 1.0: Know all instruments and equipment used in pattern design and preparation

Week


objectives


1.1 Describe all instruments

and materials used in

pattern preparation e. g

ruler, tape, pencil,

mathematics set, knife,

cardboard, scissors,

adhesive

1.2 Describe the uses of the

instruments and

materials identified in

1.1 above;

1.3 Explain the storage and

care for the instruments

mention in 1.1 above.


precaution involved in the use

of the instruments above

Explain the

instruments

and materials in 1.1

State the uses of the

instruments and

materials

State the storage

procedure and safety

precaution in the use

of instruments

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify all instruments

in pattern preparation

e.g. ruler, tape,

mathematical set, knife,

cardboard, scissors,

adhesive.

Store and care for the

instruments

Use of the instruments

to carry out pattern

design and preparation

Show the instruments

to the student

Ruler

Tape

Mathematic

al set

Knife

Cardboard

Scissors

Adhesive

139

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know the production of patterns for various products

2.1 Distinguish the

followings, bags, belt, wallet

etc.

2.2 Explain the measurement

of the items in 2.1 above

2.3 Explain pattern scale on

cardboard

2.4 state the sequence of

pattern cutting e.g. forme

cutting, standard making, net

patterns, working patterns,

lining

2.5 Describe pattern cutting

for fittings

explain the followings,

bags, belt, wallet etc

Describe the

measurement of the

items in 2.2

Describe pattern scale

on cardboard

Explain the sequence of

pattern cutting.

Explain pattern cutting

for fittings

Marker

Board

Projector

Sketch the following

items: bag, belt, wallet

etc.

Insert the

measurements of the

various parts of the

items in the sketch.

Draw the patterns to

scale on cardboard.

Cut pattern including

pattern for fittings

Guide student to sketch

the items and insert

measurements of varies

parts of the items

Guide the drawing

Guide the cutting process

140

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Understand the application of leather good pattern

3.1 Describe assemble

patterns

3.2 Describe corrections on

patterns to eliminate error

3.3 Explain selection and

estimation of cost of materials

to ensure economical

production

3.4 Describe the transfer of

test pattern to permanent

patterns

Explain assemble

patterns

State corrections on

patterns to eliminate

error

Describe the selection

and cost estimation of

materials.

Explain the process of

transfer

Marker

Board

Projector

Assemble patterns

Make corrections on

patterns to eliminate

errors

Select and estimate

cost of materials and

make appropriate

adjustment on patterns

to ensure economical

production

Transfer test pattern to

permanent pattern.

Guide the process

141

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE

MODULE: CLG 13 CUTTING AND SKIVING

PREREQUISITE: CLG 12 PATTERN PREPARATIONS:

DURATION: 180 HOURS

GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the skills required for cutting and skiving leather

goods using all relevant equipment and machines

General Objectives:


1.0 Know all cutting and skiving machines, hands tools and equipment.

2.0 Understand the principles of cutting.

142


MANUFACTCURE

COURSE: CUTTING AND SKIVING COURSE CODE: CLG 13 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:

YEAR: PRE:REQUISITE: CUTTING AND SKIVING

GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the skills required for cutting and skiving leather goods using all relevant equipment and

machines

General Objective 1.0: Know all cutting and skiving machines, hand tools and equipment

Week


objectives


1.1 Name machines,


used in cutting and skiving

e.g. clicking machine,

skiving machine, hand

skiving knife, hand clicking

knife.


precaution involved in

cutting and skiving.

1.3 explain the maintenance

of machine, equipment

and tools

List the machines

equipment and hand

tools

State the safety

precautions involved

in cutting and skiving

Describe the

maintenance of

machine, equipment

and tools

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify the machines,

equipment and hand

tools used in cutting

and skiving

Maintain the machine

equipment and hand

tools listed in 1.1

above.

Store tools on the

shelves

Show student the

machines, equipment and

hand tools

Guide the maintenance

of the machine,

equipment and tools

Clicking

machine

skiving

machine

skiving

knife

clicking

board

clicking

knife

143

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Understanding the principles of cutting and skiving (machine clicking and skiving)

2.1 Explain the principles of

cutting and skiving.

2.2 Explain the appropriate

tools for skiving and clicking

2.3 Explain and apply

interlocking and pattern

arrangement to avoid waste of

material

2.4 Distinguish between

pattern area and cutting area

2.5 Explain skiving and its

purpose.

Discuss the

principles of cutting

and skiving

Describe the tools for

cutting and skiving

Describe the

application of

interlocking and

pattern arrangement

to avoid waste of

material

Differentiate between

pattern area and

cutting area

Describe skiving

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify tools for

cutting and skiving

Select appropriate tools

for hand cutting

Place given materials

and make out for

cutting.

Cut marked material by

hand

Cut material with

clicking press

Operate skiving

machine

Carryout hand skiving

Carryout measurement

for thickness and size

of leather.

Show cutting and skiving

tools

Guide the process

Cutting and

skiving

tools

Clicking

press

Skiving

machine

Vernier

caliper

Measuring

tape

144



MODULE: CLG 14 SEWING (CLOSING)

PREREQUISITE: CLG 13 CUTTING AND SKIVING

DURATION: 150 HOURS

GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to assemble the

component part of a leather product and stitch them together

General Objectives:


1.0 Know various types of machines, their functions and maintenances,

2.0 Understand the necessary preparations before sewing.

3.0 Understand the principles of machine sewing.

4.0 Understand the procedure of all hand stitching.

145

PROGRAMME:NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS

MANUFACTCURE

COURSE: SEWING (CLOSING) COURSE CODE: CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:

YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE: CUTTING AND SKIVING

GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills to assemble the component part of a leather product and stitch

them together

General Objective 1.0: Know various types of machines, their function and maintenance

Week


objectives

Teachers’ Activities Resources

1.1 Describe all common

sewing machines

1.2 Explain the working

principles of sewing

machines

1.3 Differentiate between

manual and electrical

sewing machines

1.4 Explain the function of


machines flat bed, post bed

binding machines, zig-zag

machines etc.

1.5 Explain attachment and

their functions.

1.6 Explain the following

processes

-cleaning and lubrication

-hanging needles and thread

in sewing machine

Explain all common

sewing machines and

their working principles

State the difference

between manual and

electrical sewing

machines

State the function of


machines.

State important of

attachment

Describe the processes

in 1.6

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify all common

sewing machines such

as binding, zigzag,

double needle flat bed

and post machines

Identify attachments

(guides and gadgets)

Clean and lubricate

sewing machines

Show sewing machines

Show attachment to

student

Guide the processes

Binding

machine

Zigzag

machines

Double

needle

machine

Flatbed

machine

Post

machine

146

-making necessary adjustment

in sewing machine

Change needles and

thread in sewing

machines

Making necessary

adjustment in sewing

machines

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Understand the necessary preparation before sewing


needles


thread

2.3 Describe the adjustment

of machine tension

2.4 Explain the selection of

appropriate thread, needle and

stitches for a job


appropriate thread attachment

for a job

Describe different types

of needles

Describe different types

of thread

Explain the adjustment

Of machine tension

Describe the processes

in 2.4

Describe the selection of

appropriate thread for a

job

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify the different

types of needle by

-size

-point

-shape etc


types of thread by

-thickness

-composition

Adjust the machine

tension to suit the type

of work

Select appropriate

thread, needle and

stitches for a job

Use appropriate thread

attachment for a job

Show different types of

needles

Show different types of

thread by thickness and

composition

Guide the adjustment of

machine tension

Guide the selection of

appropriate thread,

needle and stitches for a

job

Guide the use of

appropriate attachment

for a job.

Different

types of

needles

Thread

needle

stitches

147

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Understand the principles of sewing machines

3.1 Explain machine

sequence and procedures for

various grades and types of

work.

3.2 Describe the operation of

sewing machine

3.3 Explain sewing defects

and their corrections

Describe machine

sequence and procedures

for various grades and

types of work.

Explain the operation of

sewing machine

Describe sewing defects


Marker

Board

Projector

Operate sewing

machine

Identify sewing defects

and correct them

Guide the operation

sewing machine

Show sewing defects and

their corrections.

Sewing

machine

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 4.0 Understand the procedure for all hand stitching

4.1 Explain hand stitching

procedure

4.2 Explain stitch length

4.3 Explain the application of

appropriate tension during

hand stitching

4.4 Explain stitching faults

and their correction

Describe hand stitching

procedure

Describe stitch length


process

Describe stitching faults


Marker

Board

Projector

Select stitching length

for a job

Apply appropriate

tension during hand

stitching

Identify stitching fault

and correct them

Guide stitching length

selection for a job

Show the application of

tension during hand

stitching

Show stitching fault and

their corrections.

148



MODULE: CLG 15 MAKING AND FINISHING

PREREQUISITE: CLG 14 SEWING (CLOSING)

DURATION: 120 HOURS

GOAL: The module is design to enable the trainee assemble and finish leather goods.

General Objectives:


1.0 Understand the procedure for the assembly of foot-wear.

2.0 Understand the procedure for assembly of bags.

3.0 Know the fittings for attachment of leather goods

4.0 Understand finishing operations on all leather goods.

149


MANUFACTCURE

COURSE: MAKING AND FISNISHING COURSE CODE: CLG15 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours:

YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE: CUTTING AND SKIVING

GOAL: The module is design to enable the trainee assemble and finish leather goods

General Objective 1.0: Understand the procedure for the assembly of bags

Week


objectives


1.1 Explain the component

part of a bag

1.2 Describe the preparation

of appropriate frame and

board manually, and by

machine


appropriate handle and

cover of a bag

List the component

part of a bag

Explain the

preparation of

appropriate frame

Describe the

processes

Marker

Board

Projector

Sketch and label the

component part of a

bag

Prepare appropriate

frame and board

i. Manually

ii. By machine

Select appropriate

handle for a given bag

Cover the frame

manually or by

machine

Insert the lining

Guide the processes Bag

Wallet

Belt

Strap

Upholstery

Clothing

150

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know the fitting for attachment on leather goods

2.1 Explain the assessment,

selection and insertion of

fittings for all classes of

leather goods

2.2 Describe the construction

of suitable fittings.

State the assessment

Explain the

construction of

suitable fittings

Marker

Board

Projector

Assess, select and

insert suitable fittings

for all classes of leather

goods

Construct suitable

fittings for all classes of

leather goods

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Understand finishing operations on all leather goods

3.1 Explain classing of

assembled leather goods

3.2 Describe spraying and

polishing of assembled goods

3.3 Explain defect of

assembled goods

3.4 Describe arrangement of

products according to sizes,

pair or set

3.5 Explain packaging of

finished products

Describe the

processes

Explain the processes

State causes of

defects

State the arrangement

procedures

Describe packaging

of finished products

Marker

Board

Projector

Clean the assembled

leather goods

Spraying or polish

assembled goods

Inspect for defects and

remove defective

product in mass

production.

Arrange products

according to sizes, pair

or set

Package the finished

products

Guide the processes

spraying

and

polishing

equipment

Packaging

materials

151

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE

152

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEA IN LEATHER TRADES


COURCE CODE: CLS 10

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

DURATION: 60 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational

health and safety in leather trades.

General Objectives:







153


MANUFACTURE

Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN LEATHER TRADES Course Code: CLS 10 Contact Hours: 60


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather trades.



Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome



hazard risks




Hide and

Skins

Apply environmental

protection methods


hazard risks


2.1 Name Personal



leather wok

environment.

2.2 Explain uses of

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)









leather wok

environment.




leather work

environment in 2.2

Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs)

2.1 Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)


wok environment.

2.2 Use appropriate

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

correctly.

2.3 Maintain clean

working

• Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

applicable to

leather wok

environment.


of appropriate

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)


maintain clean

working

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs

154




etc

surrounding/

environment

surrounding/

environment




environment



the leather wok

environment



environment.



the leather wok

environment

First aid


materials needed in

the work

environment.



in the leather work

environment.

3.3 Apply first aid

methods when

necessary in the

work environment


identify first aid

materials needed

in the work

environment.


materials

applicable in the

leather work

environment.


aid procedures

necessary in the

work environment

First aid

Materials



and regulations to

maintain health and

hygiene in the work

environment.


hygiene of workers




environment and the

importance to the





work environment.


maintaining good

personal hygiene.



to safety rules and



Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs).

4.1 Wear clean and

smart and


Protective

Equipment (PPEs).


and wounds given

immediate treatment

by appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment.


work safely at all

times complying

with health and

safety and other

regulations and

guidelines e.g. use

of correct PPEs.


identify the

procedures to

follow to get any

cuts, grazes and

wounds given

155

4.4 State own




leather industry



the appropriate

persons.



wounds promptly by

an appropriate


work environment.






industry.


report illness and







by an appropriate



immediate

treatment by

appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment




safe and hygienic

workplace.




right personnel.

5.3 State where

information about

health and safety




all times.





personnel.





procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

5.2 Follow

organizational

security procedures


leather industry.


disposal methods of

• Demonstrate

emergency

procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

• Follow

organizational

security procedures

in doing work in



dispose organic and

156

procedures and

regulations can be


environment.



in the leather work

environment.





with effectively.


in the leather work

environment that be




leather work

environment that


someone else for

treatment and/or


solution

regulations can be


environment.




leather work

environment.





effectively.


in the leather work



student or worker.




someone else for



enhanced medical

attention.

organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.4 Observe proper


organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.5 Observe proper


noise in the work

environment.



in the work

environment and

how to deal with

them effectively.

inorganic waste

safely.


observe proper


organic and

inorganic wastes.


observe sound and

noise protection

methods in the

work environment.

• Ensure that

identified hazards


are dealt with

promptly and

accurately



other people about


the work place.


other people about




warn other people

about dangers and

hazards in the work


warn other people


work place and why

157

6.2 State why it is

important to warn


and hazards in the

workplace.



happen in the

workplace.



may happen in the

workplace.







and handling


be followed in the

work place.



relevant to own


environment










deal with types of





work environment.



a First Aider.




work place.





place.


emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.



emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.


equipment in the

work environment.


aider in the work

place.


and handling

techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.


of working safely

it is important.


identify types of

emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.

• Demonstrate

procedures to deal


emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.



equipment in the

work environment


marks and position

in the workplace.

Guide students to

identify who is a

First Aider and the


Aider.



techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.


ways of working

158

that is relevant to

own position in the

work environment

safely that is

relevant to own


environment


7.1 Describe the

organizational


with particular

reference to fire

outbreak.



workplace.

7.3 Describe how to



work place.



in the work place


fire alarm when

necessary.


never be approached


safe by appropriate

person

• Explain how own




of fire outbreak.



workplace.



possibility of fire


place.





fire alarm when

necessary.


should never be


declared safe by

appropriate person

Fire alarms

7.1 Identify

organizational

emergency

procedures with


to fire outbreak.


causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

7.3 Identify how to


of fire outbreak in

the work place.


fire alarms in the

work place.


off fire alarm when

necessary.

7.7 Identify

organizational

security procedures


• Demonstrate the

organizational

emergency

procedures to be


event of fire

outbreak.

• Show possible

causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

• Show methods to


of fire outbreak in

the work place.


locate alarms e.g.

fire alarms in the

work place

• Demonstrate how


when necessary


observe

organizational

security procedures

Fire alarms

159



rules.

7.7 Describe




work environment.



unusual (routine or



dangers in the

workplace to the




rules.



dangers e.g. fire

outbreaks are

considered very


place.








outbreak in a work

environment.


for reporting all

usual or unusual

(routine or non-

routine) incidents


dangers in the

workplace to the

appropriate

personnel

for dangers e.g.

fire outbreaks.


reporting all usual

or unusual (routine

or non-routine)

incidents that will

constitute dangers

in the workplace to

the appropriate

personnel

160

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFACTURE


COURSE CODE: CLP 10

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 60 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in leather work to be

able to function effectively in the leather work environment.

General Objectives:






161




162


COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLW 10 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in leather work to be able to function effectively

in the leather work environment.



Resources

Specific Learning

objectives


Resources


Leather.



leather works.

1.9 Name sources of

different types of

leather


of Leather.


Animal skins used

for leather works.


different types

Hide and skin

leather

Leather hide and

skin

Larger and small

animals e.g.

elephant, goat

etc.


leathers used for

producing leather

products.



uses.

• Show students

various types of

leathers used for

producing leather

products.


identify different

leathers for

different uses.

Hide and skin

leather







Tape ruler







Tape ruler

Protractor

163








• Convert

measurement in

yards to the

metric system







Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Clicking knives

Punching pliers



leather works


identify the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

Clicking

knives

Punching

pliers

164









Sewing machine

Stamping

machine



• Guide students

to identify the

basic equipment

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

equipment used

in leather works.

Sewing

machine

Stamping

machine













Scissors

Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Cut pattern using

click knife (knife)






Hand clicking

knife and

clicking press

with clicking

knives

Skiving hand

Skiving knife

or

skiving

machine

Scissors

Punching

pliers

165



6.2 Describe basic





• Demonstrate

manual sewing

of simple leather

works.










166

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER S MANUFACTURE

MODULE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN

COURSE CODE: CHS 11

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

DURATION: 72 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of the raw

materials and chemicals used in leather manufacture

General Objectives:


1.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their values.

2.0 Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering and bleeding of animals for the production of hides and skin.

3.0 Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin.

4.0 Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage.

5.0 Understand the grading of hides and skin.

6.0 Know approved pattern of flaying

7.0 Know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing

8.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin

167


COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS

YEAR: TERM PRE-REQUISITE:

GOAL:

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 1.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their

values and supply. week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning

Resources

Specific Learning

objectives


Resources

Hides and Skin

1.1 List different

sources of hide

and skin for

the industry.

1.2 Draw the cross

section of hide

and skin.

1.3 Outline the

differences

between hide

and skin e.g.in

- Size

- Area

- Weight

- sex,

etc

1.4 Explain the

need for

proper care of

• Explain the term

- Hide and Skin

- Farm Domestic and

- Wild animals

• Draw and label the

sections of the hide and

skin structure.

• Explain the differences

between hides and skin in

terms of size, area weight

and sex.

• Explain the need for the

following:

- good feeding

-.healthy animals in order

to produce good and

healthy skin for quality

leathers.

Cattle Range

Good Feeds

Use of Pattern

Knives

Knives

File for

sharpening

knives

Red hot Iron

1.1 Measure the size

of hide and skin

with measuring

tape.

1.2 Calculate area of

the hides and skin

with the

measurement

above.

1.3 Weigh the animal

skin or hide, etc.

• Demonstrate

measurement of

hide and skin.


calculate area of the

hides and skin with

the measurement

above.

• Demonstrate

weighing of hides

and skins.

Cattle Range

Good Feeds

Knives

File for

sharpening

knives

Red hot Iron

168

animals prior

to slaughter.

1.5 List the

different

determinants

of the value of

hides and skin

- Sex

- Age

- Feeding, etc.

1.6 List the

damages

inflicted on

hides and skin

during

slaughter,

flaying,

curing, and

their effects on

the quality of

hides and skin.

1.7 Explain

branding

marks on the

skin of live

animals

• Explain quality flaying.

• Explain effects of good

feeding on the animals.

• Explain damages inflicted

on the hides and skin

during flaying e.g. knife

cuts, gauge marks,

scratches and bruises.

• Explain the effect of

branding on a live animal

as a cause of damage on

the hide and skin quality.

• Describe branding

marks on the skin of

live animals

Use of Inks for

branding

Use of hot Iron

rods for branding

1.4 Identify bruises or

scratches on the

grain pattern of

hides and skins.

1.5 Identify branding

marks on the skin

of live animals

• Conduct visual

assessment of hides

and skins to identify

bruises and

scratches on the

grain surface.


identify the effect of

branding marks on

the quality of hide

and skins for

production of good

quality leather.

Pattern

Knives

Inks for

branding

hot Iron rods

for branding

169

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 2.0: Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering of animals for the production of hides and skin. Tools and Equipment

used in slaughtering

2.1 Identify tools and

equipment used in

slaughter slabs and

abattoir e.g.

- Using Knives

- Using Electronic

- Stoning

- Electric Shock

2.2 Explain the uses of the

tools and equipment

used in 2.1 above.

• Explain approve knives

pattern.

• Explain modern methods

of bleeding

- Explain different methods

of killing the animals e.g.

the use of

- Knives

- Electronic Stoning

- Electric Shock

- Knives

- Electronic

Stoning

- Electric Shock

2.1 Mention the

tools and

equipment used in

slaughter slabs and

abattoir.

2.2 Observe the

slaughtering of

animals for the

production of hides

and skin.

Guide students to

maintain the tools and

equipment used in

slaughter slabs and

abattoir.

Supervise the

slaughtering of

animals for the

production of hides

and skin.

- Knives

- Electronic

Stoning

- Electric

Shock

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 3.0: Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin. Trade Terms in Hides

and Skin


common trade terms

in hides and skin

✓ Fell-mongering

✓ Hinny

✓ Kip

✓ Calf

✓ Green Weight

(including its ratio in

• Explain the common

trade names in hides and

Skin listed in 3.1.

• Explain a calf, calfskin

Fallen animals

Fallen skins

Rejects

3.1 Identify skin from

fallen (dead)

animals e.g. it’s

very bloody nature,

which stains every

object it comes in

contact with.

Guide students to

identify the features

of skin from fallen

(dead) animals, e.g.

the skin is very

bloody and stains any

objects it comes in

contact, which has

effect on resultant

leather due to patchy

dyeing.

Fallen

animals

Fallen skins

Rejects

170

relation to dry

weight, salted weight)

✓ Stencil number

(including their uses)

✓ Hide Yield

✓ Hide Constitution e.g.

tanned

✓ Wild

✓ Spready hides

3.2 State the hides and skin

regulations applicable

in different parts of

Nigeria.

• Explain fell-mongering,

poor bleeding, and their

effects on the quality of

hides and skin.

• Explain various terms

listed above

• .Explain the hides and

skin regulations

applicable in different

parts of Nigeria.

3.2 Identify the effects

of blood on the

skin as causes of

patching.


of blood on the

skin as causes of

dyeing

Guide students to

identify the effects of

blood on the skin as

causes patching and

dyeing.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 4.0: Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage. 4.1 Explain the techniques

of curing and flaying

using fraying knives

and machines.


curing methods in

Nigeria including:

- flinting

-pickling

- tent or parasol drying

-the three wire system.

4.3 Explain other methods

of curing with salt e.g.

✓ dry and wet salting,

✓ brining indicating

where each type of

• Explain the terms curing,

flaying.

• Describe the patterns for

flaying knives.

• Explain the different

curing methods in

Nigeria including:

- flinting

- pickling


- the three wire system.

• Explain other curing

methods with salts in 4.3

• Define brining and its

uses in curing.

4.1 Identify common

commercial curing

salts e.g.

✓ fine salt

✓ granular salt

✓ industrial salt.


knives cuts, scars,

gauges, etc on

hides and skin.


damages during

storage and

transportation e.g.

- holes on skins due to

insects’ damages

Show students

common

commercial curing

salts e.g.

✓ fine salt

✓ granular salt


• Guide students

to identify types

of knives cuts,

scars, gauges, etc

on hides and

skin.

• Guide students

to identify

possible

damages during

storage and

171

curing is mainly

practiced.

4.4 Name common

commercial curing

salts e.g.

✓ fine salt

✓ granular salt

✓ denatured salt.

4.5 Explain the recipe for

salting, brining and

pickling.

4.6 Explain the theory of

salt penetration during

curing.


dry salting and wet

salting.

4.8 State the application of

wet and dry salting.


and uses of fungicide

Bactenocide solutions.

4.10 Explain the use of the

following insecticides

during storage:

✓ liquid insecticide

✓ powder insecticide

✓ aerosole

• Define pickling and its

uses in curing.

• Give examples of

common commercial

curing salts (Industrial)

listed in 4.4.

• Explain the recipe for


pickling.

• Explain the theory of salt

penetration during

curing

• Explain dry salting and

wet salting and their

applications.

• Explain the popularity of

wet salting.

• Explain the uses of the


during storage:

- liquid insecticide

- powder insecticide

- aerosole

• Describe the preparation

of fungicide Bactenocide

solution.

- holes caused by

rodents

- cracks, bends on

skin

during baling,

movement, etc.

4.4 Carry out both wet

and dry salting.

4.5 Prepare salt

solution for brining

process.

4.6 Demonstrate the

effects of poor

application of

brining

4.7 Identify fungicides

used on hides and

skin e.g.

- “Busan 30”

- “ Nercolan F24”

4.8 Identify the effect

of poor application

of fungicides and

over dilution.

4.9 Identify grain

cracks and

transportation

e.g. grain cracks,

holes effects

from rodents and

insects attack,

etc.

• Demonstrate

both wet and dry

salting

• Demonstrate

how to prepare

salt solution for

brining.

• Demonstrate the

effects of poor

application of

brining

• Show samples of

fungicides used

on hides and

skins e.g.

- “Busan 30”


• Demonstrate the

effect of poor

application of

fungicides and

over dilution.

172

4.11Outline the effects of

salt in Tannery waste

water.

4,12 Explain the process of

dilution and spraying

on the skins.

4.13 Describe holes on

skins due to insects’

damages i.e. holes on

dried salted hides and

skins.

4.14 Explain grain cracks

on stored skins i.e.

cracks on dried salted

hides and skins

4.15 Differentiate salt

(NaCl) as a Bacteriol

stat (i.e. makes

bacteria inactive) or

Bacteriol side i.e.

agents that kills

bacteria)

• Explain the effects of salt

in Tannery waste water.

• Explain the process for

dilution and spraying on

the skins with pesticides.

• Explain possible

damages on skins during

storage and

transportation e.g

- cracks on stored skins.


insects’ damages

- holes caused by rodents

- cracks, bends, on skin

during baling,

movement, etc.

• Explain reasons why salt

(NaCl) act as as a

Bacteriol stat (i.e. makes


Bacteriol side i.e. agents

that kills bacteria)

damages due to

storage and

transportation.

4.10 Identify grain

damages due to

storage/

transportation


observe grain

damages due to

storage/

transportation

• Guide students

to identify the

grain damages

occurring due to

storage and

transportation.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 5.0: Understand the grading of hides and skin

Grading of Hides and

Skin


grading and selection

in hides and skin.


of grading and selection

in hides and skin of

• Explain the terms:

grading, selection in

hides and skins.

• Describe different grades

in hides and skin e.g.

- Measuring

tapes

- Grades I, II III

and IV and also

Rejects.

5.1 Select skins into

different sizes e.g.

- heavy,

- medium,

- light


grades in hides and

• Demonstrate

selection of skins

into different

sizes e.g.

- heavy,

- medium,

- light

• Assist students

in the

- Measuring

tapes

- Grades I, II III

and IV

- Rejects.

173

goats, sheep,

crocodiles, snakes, etc.

5.3 State the grades of

hides and skins as

Grade I, II, III, IV and

Rejects

5.3 Explain commercial

classification of hides

and skin.

5.4 Explain folding and

bundling of hides and

skin.

5.5 State the maximum

height a pile of hide

and skins could be

giving consideration to

the system of packing

the skins flesh to flesh

or grain to grain.

Grades I, II III and IV

and also Rejects.

• State reasons for Grade I

as best for leather

production rather than

Grades II. III, IV and

Rejects.

• Explain the value of

hides over skins, area

yield, more applicable to

various production while

skins are limited.

• Explain folding and


skin.

• Explain the maximum

height a pile of hide and

skins could considering


the skins according to:

- flesh to flesh

- grain to grain

skin e.g. Grades I,

II, III and IV and

their uses.

5.3 Identify Rejects of

hide and skins.

and their uses.

5.4 Carry out piling of

salted hide and

skins according to

- flesh to flesh and

- grain to grain.


height a pile of

hide and skins

could be.

identification of

different

grades in hides

and skin e.g.

Grades I, II, III

and IV and also

Rejects and their

uses.

• Demonstrate

piling of salted

hide and skins.

• Guide students

to identify

maximum height

to pile skins

according to

- flesh to flesh

- grain to grain.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 6.0: Know approved pattern of flaying

Pattern of flaying

6.1Explain the meaning of

flaying.

6.2 Mention types of

flaying knives.

6.2 Describe manual

flaying.

• Describe the process of

flaying and its purpose

in hides and skin

• Explain types of flaying

knives with examples

• Describe Manual flaying

Various types of

fraying knives

Compressors for

inflation of

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

Motor Cycle

pumps for

6.1 Identify various

types of fraying

knives

6.2 Use pump or

compressor to

inflate the animal

prior to making

initial ripping cut.

• Show students

types of fraying

knives.

• Demonstrate the

use of pumps or

compressor to

inflate the

animal before

making initial

ripping cut.

Various types of

fraying knives

Compressors for

inflation of

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

Motor Cycle

pumps for

174

6.4 Describe the procedure

of inflation of animal

using pumps or

compressor to make


• Explain the procedure of

inflation of animal using

pumps or compressor to

make initial ripping cut,

inflation of the

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

6.3 Make initial

ripping cuts.

6.4 Carry out flaying

using appropriate

tools.

• Demonstrate

initial ripping

cuts.

• Demonstrate

flaying using

appropriate

tools.

inflation of the

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 7. 0: know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing

Rules and regulations of

Hides and Skins sales and

marketing

7.1 Define a rule as guide

for hides and skins

production, sales and

market.

7.2 State the laws on the

following:

- Flaying

- Preparation

- Preservation

- Transportation

- Marketing


rules and regulation as

each affects marketing

of hides and skins.

• Explain Hide and Skins

laws.

• Explain a rule as guide

for hides and skins

production.

• State the gazettes

number on Hide and

Skin.

• State the laws on the

following:

- Flaying

- Preparation

- Preservation

- Transportation

- Marketing


between rules and

regulation in relation to

the marketing of hides

and skins.

Fraying knives

Abattoir

Slaughter Slab

Hides and Skin

7.1 Identify States of

the Federation that

obey laws and

regulation on

hides and Skins,

7.2 Cite example of

Law, e.g. Hides

and Skins properly

flayed are not

allowed to leave

Abattoir of

Slaughter slabs.


of obeying the

laws and

regulations on

Hides and Skin.

e.g. the recovery

rates of hides and

skin will be

• Give examples

of States of the

Federation that

obey laws and

regulations on

hides and Skins.

• Cite example of

Law, e.g. Hides

and Skins

properly flayed

are not allowed

to leave Abattoir

of Slaughter

slabs.

• Cite the effects

of obeying the

laws and

regulations on

Hides and Skin.

e.g. the

recovery rates of

Flaying knives

Abattoir

Slaughter Slab

Hides and Skin

175

7.3 Explain the flowing

licenses in relation to

hides and skin:

- Local Government

- States

- Federal

7.4 Explain rules of hides

and skin as they affect

hides and skins

marketing and

transportation

7.5 Explain curing or

preservation of hide

and skins.

7.6 Explain the proper

storage process of hide

and skins

7.7 Outline the importance

of preservation of hide

and skins to ensure

quality in leather

manufacture.

7.8 Describe best practices

in preservation of

hides and skin e.g.

proper application of

- wet and dry salting

- Brining and

- chilling i.e.

refrigeration.

• Explain the flowing


hides and skin:

- Local Government

- States

- Federal

• Explain rules of hides


hides and skins marketing

and transportation.

• Explain curing or

preservatives of hide and

skins.

• Explain the proper best

storage process of hides

and skins


preservation of hide and

skins in relation to best

practices in leather

manufacture.

• Describe best practices in

preservation of hides and

skin e.g. proper

application of


- Brining and

- chilling i.e. refrigeration

Laws and

Regulation on

Hide and Skim

Licenses in

relation to hides

and skin:

- Local

Government

- States

- Federal

Storage Facilities

increased as the

properly flayed

hides and skin are

not allowed to

leave the abattoir

or slaughter house

7.4 Visit Canteens,

Abattoirs,

Slaughter slabs to

observe best

practices of

slaughtering

animals and

fraying of hide and

skins.

7.5 Carry out curing or

preservation of

hide and skins.

7.6 Comply to best

practices in

preservation of

hides and skin e.g.

proper application

of

- wet and dry

salting

- Brining and

- chilling (i.e.

refrigeration)

hides and skin

will be increased

as the properly

flayed hides and

skin are not

allowed to leave

the abattoir or

slaughter house.

• Take students on

industrial visit s

to Canteens,

Abattoirs,

Slaughter slabs

to observe

abattoir best

practices of

slaughtering

animals and

fraying of hide

and skins.

• Demonstrate

preservation of

hides and skin

e.g. proper

application of

- wet and dry

salting

- Brining and

- chilling (i.e.

refrigeration).

Laws and

Regulation on

Hide and Skim

Licenses in

relation to hides

and skin:

- Local

Government

- States

- Federal

Storage

Facilities

176

7.7 Adopt proper

storage process of

hide and skins.

• Guide students

to apply proper

storage of hide

and skins

GENERAL OBEJECTIVE 8.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin

Common diseases and

defects of hides and skin

8.1 List common diseases

of hides and skin e.g.

✓ Ticks and mangees

✓ Mycotics dermatitis

8.2 Explain common

diseases of hides and

skins listed below:

- Dermatophilosis

congolenses

- Tick bites

- Mycotics dermatitis

8.3 List common defects of

hides and skin e.g.

- Knife cuts

- Gauge marks

- Bad shape

- Improper bleeding

-Rubbed or dragged

grain

- Poor storage

• Explain diseases and

defects associated with

hides and skins.

• Explain common diseases


✓ Dermatophilosis

congolenses

✓ Tick bites


• Describe the effects the

diseases above on tanned

leather

• Explain common defects

of hides and skin with

examples as in 8.3.

• Explain fraying cuts,

scars, gauges, scratches

as defects on hides and

skins.

- Diseases skins

- Processing

Chemicals

- Visit to

Canteen, Abattoir

or Slaughter

slabs

- Abattoir and

Slaughter House

best practices

8.1 Tan a skin from a

diseased animal.

8.2 Tan a skin that is

poorly flayed.

8.3 Illustrate tanned

leather with poor

shape.


diseases s due to

poor flaying.


defects due to poor

flaying

• Guide students

to carry out the

activities in 8.1

to 8.4.

• Observe

diseased tanned

leather and

guide students to

identify the

features.

• Guide students

to identify types

of diseases s due

to poor flaying.

• Guide students

to identify types

of defects due to

poor flaying

- Diseases skins

- Processing

Chemicals

- Visit to

Canteen,

Abattoir or

Slaughter slabs

- Abattoir and

Slaughter House

best practices

177

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER MANUFATURE

MODULE: CLM 12 PRINCIPLES OF LEATHER PRODUCTION

PRE-REQUISITE: CHS 11 INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKINN

DURATION: 72 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge of the technology

of leather manufacture.

General Objectives:


1.0 Know the sources of water, its properties and importance in tanning.

2.0 Understand the use of tannery dyes, finishes and other chemicals.

3.0 Know tannery machines and equipment.

4.0 Understand in outline the process of leather manufacture.

5.0 Understand the basic principles of quality control in leather manufacture.

178


Course: PRINCIPLES OF LEATHER PRODUCTION Course Code: CLM 12 Contact Hours: 120

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR II, TERM I

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with a basic knowledge of the technology of leather manufacture

General Objective 1.0: Know the sources of water, its properties and importance in tanning. Year:1

Term:1

Theoretical: 4 Hours Practical: 6 Hours

Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


Water for Tanning

1.1 State the available

sources of water

supply in tanning.

1.2 Explain the

importance of water in

the tanning process


hard water on tanning.

1.4 Outline the process of

removal of water

hardness before use in

tanning.

• Explain the available

sources of water

supply in tanning.

• State the importance

of water in the tanning

process

• Describe the effect of

hard water on tanning


removal of water

hardness before use in

tanning.

Charts

1.1 Identify the

available sources of

water supply in

tanning.

1.2 Carry out removal of

water hardness

before use in

tanning.

Show sources of water

supply in tanning.

Demonstrate the

process of removal of

water hardness before

use in tanning.

• Hard

Water

• Drums

General Objective 2.0: Understand the use of tanning dyes, finishes and other chemicals

179

Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


Tannery dyes, finishes

and other chemicals:

2.1 Name major

vegetable

tanning

materials used

in Nigeria and

describe the

sources.

2.2 Outline the

preparation of

chrome

liquors.

2.3 Explain the

basic

principles of

basicity of

chrome

liquors.

2.4 Explain the

use of: oils,

fats, waxes,

fat liquors in

tanning and

their merits.

2.5 List types of

dyes and

finishes for

the leather

industry and

outline their

characteristics

State major vegetable

tanning materials used in

Nigeria and describe the

sources.

Explain the preparation of

chrome liquors.

Discuss the basic

principles of basicity of

chrome liquors.

Describe the use of: oils,

fats, waxes, fat liquors in

tanning and outline their

merits.

State types of dyes

and finishes for the

leather industry

outline and their

characteristics

Identify the following in

tanning:-

-indicators;

-PH papers;

-scales;

-buffer solutions.

Show the following in

tanning:-

-indicators;

-PH papers;

-scales;

-buffer solutions.

indicators;

-PH papers;

-scales;

-buffer

solutions.

180

2.6 List the

sources of

dyes and

finishes listed

in 2.5 above.

2.7 Explain the

factors

governing the

choice of dyes

and finishes in

tanning.

2.8 Explain the

principle of

fixation of

dyes and

finishes.

2.9 Explain the

use of the

following in

tanning:-

-indicators;

-PH papers;

-scales;

-buffer

solutions.

2.10 State the

safety

precautions to

be observed in

the use of:-

acids, alkalis,

State the sources of

dyes and finishes

listed in 2.5 above

State the factors

governing the choice of

dyes and finishes in

tanning.

Discuss the principle of

fixation of dyes and

finishes.

Describe the use of the

following in tanning:-

-indicators;

-PH papers;

-scales;

-buffer solutions.

Outline State the safety

precautions to be observed

in the use of:- acids,

alkalis, salts, finishes etc.

in the leather industry.

181

salts, finishes

etc. in the

leather

industry.

183

General Objective 3.0: Know tannery machines and equipment. Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


Tannery Machines and

Equipment:

3.1 List tanning

equipment

and machines

according to

the production

process e.g.

Equipment:

drum, paddle,

pits

Machines:

unhairing,

fleshing,

splitting,

shaving, etc

3.2 Explain the

measurement

of volumes

and capacity

of pit, drums,

paddles.

3.3 State the

safety

precautions to

be observed in

the use of the

different

equipment

and machines

listed in 3.1

above.

Describe tanning

equipment and

machines according to

the production process

as listed in 3.1.

Describe the measurement

of volumes and capacity

of pit, drums, paddles.

Explain the safety

precautions to be

observed in the use of

the different

equipment and

machines listed in 3.1

Projector

Marker Board

Identify tanning

equipment and machines

according to the

production process e.g.

Equipment:

drum, paddle, pits

Machines:

un hairing, fleshing,

splitting, shaving, etc

Measure volumes and

capacity of pit, drums,

paddles.

Observe safety

precautions in the use of

the different equipment

and machines listed in

3.1

Guide the

identification of

tanning equipment and

machines

Guide the

measurement of

volumes and capacity

of pit, drums, paddles.

Demonstrate safety

precautions in the use

of the different

equipment and

machines listed in 3.1

Equipment:

drum, paddle,

pits

Machines:

un hairing,

fleshing,

splitting,

shaving

Safety charts

184

General Objective 4.0: Understand in outline the process of leather manufacture Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


185

Outline of leather

manufacture:

4.1 Outline the

process of

leather

manufacture.

4.2 Explain the

different

departments

in the tanning

industry viz:

-beam yard;

-tan yard;

-finishing

yard;

-laboratory.

4.3 Explain in

outline the

operation of

each of the

departments

viz:

Bean yard:

soaking,

liming and

unhairing,

deliming,

bating,

drenching,

degreasing,

pickling.


leather manufacture

Describe the different

departments in the tanning

industry.

Describe the operation of

each of the departments in

4.2.

Projector

Marker Board


departments in the

tanning industry viz:

-beam yard;

-tan yard;

-finishing yard;

-laboratory.

Show the different

departments in the

tanning industry viz:

-beam yard;

-tan yard;

-finishing yard;

-laboratory.

Tanning

industry

186

Tan yard:

vegetable

tannages, chrome

tannages, semi-

chrome tannages,

aldehydes, oils,

syntan, zirconium.

Finishing yard:

dyeing, fat

liquoring,

finishing.

4.4 Explain the

different

drying

methods in

leather

manufacture:

vacuum

drying, drying

under tension.

4.5 Outline the

manufacturing

process of

different types

of leather e.g.

uppers,

upholstery,

sued, soles,

etc.

Describe the different

drying methods in

leather manufacture

Explain the

manufacturing process

of different types of

leather

187

General Objective 5.0: Quality Control in leather manufacture Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


Quality Control in

Leather Manufacture:

5.1 Explain

different

quality

control

measures in

the various

processes f

leather

manufacture.

5.2 Explain the

various

physical and

chemical tests

involved in

the quality

control of

finished

leather.

5.3 Compare

leather and

leather

substitutes in

order to

ascertain their

similarities

and

differences.

Describe different

quality control

measures in the

various processes f

leather manufacture

Describe the various

physical and chemical

tests involved in the

quality control of finished

leather.

State the similarities and

leather substitutes

differences of leather

Projector

Marker Board

Carry out various


tests used in quality

control of finished

leather.

Guide the processes of


tests used in quality

control of finished

leather.

Leather

laboratories

188


MODULE: CLM 13 LIGHT AND HEAVY LEATHER PRODUCTION

PRE-REQUISITE: CLM 12 PRINCIPLES OF LEATHER PRODUCTION

DURATION: 240 HOURS

189

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to

manufacture light and heavy leather

General Objectives:


1.0 Understand how to carry out beam yard processes

2.0 Understand simple recipes of various tanagers and tan various leathers up to crust, pearl stages (wet blue)

3.0 Know various chemicals in the tannery


Course: LIGHT AND HEAVY LEATHER MANUFACTURE Course Code: CFM 14 Contact Hours: 240

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR I, TERM I,2,&3

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to impact colour and aesthetic appeal to

leather for use in shoe and leather goods manufacture

General Objective 1.0: Know the technique of application of stuffs, pigments and finishes on leather. Year:1 Theoretical Practical

190

Term:1

Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


Beam House Processes

1.5 Explain processes in a

Beam House.

1.6 List recipes for

soaking hide and skins

in water e.g. soap,

water and detergents

1.7 List chemical for

unhairing of hide and

skins e.g. Sodium

Sulphide, Calcium

Hydroxide.

1.8 List chemicals for

liming of hide and

skins e.g. calcium

hydroxide/ hydrated

lime.

1.9 Outline the

importance of

weighing limed pelts.

1.10 List chemicals for

deliming of limed

pelts e.g. 2%

Ammonium Chloride,

100% water.

• Explain the various

process in a beam

house

- selection of hides

and skins to sizes

- soaking

- unhairing

- liming

- fleshing

- weighing

- deliming

- bating

• Explain recipe for

soaking hide and skins

in water


unhairing of hides and

skins.


liming of hides and

skins.

• Explain the

importance of

weighing limed pelts.


deliming of limed

pelts e.g. 2%

Ammonium Chloride,

100% water

Soaking Aids

• Soap

• Water

• Sodium salt

• Phases

• Calcium

log dioxide

• Machines

• Drum

• Paddle

• Plastic

Containers

• Salt (Nacl)

• Acid

(H2SO4

• PH paper

• Indicators

• Cutting

• Knives

• Indicator

1.3 Select raw

materials for

light, medium and

heavy hide from.

cattle for heavy

leather production

1.4 Weigh raw

materials and use

the weight to

determine the

quantity of

chemicals and

other material for

the processing of

light and heavy

leathers

1.5 Unhair soaked

hides using

appropriate

chemicals and

methods e.g.

- paint unhairing

method.

1.6 Lime the unhaired

pelts using correct

recipe and methods

e.g.

• Select the Hide

and skins into

different sizes i.e.

Light, Medium

and Heavy and

soak accordingly

in pits, paddles,

plastic containers,

drums, tanks, etc

• Weigh different

Hides i.e. Light,

Medium and

Heavy hides and

soak accordingly.

• Calculate quantity

of chemicals and

other materials

required for the

processing of hide

and skins heavy

leathers using the

measured weight.

1.13 Demonstrate

the unhairing

methods on soaked

hides using

appropriate recipe

e.g. paint unhairing

method.

• Hides

• Skin

• Water

• Scales

• Sodium

sulphide

• Calcium

hydroxid

• Drums

• Paddles

• calculator

s

ammonium

chloride

191

1.11 State recipe for

bating of delimed pelt;

0.5% Bate powder,

80% Water (@ 40oC).

1.12 State recipe for

drenching; 0.4%

Formic acid (@ 50%

Water).

1.13 Describe the

process of Rounding

of butt area of hide

and skins for heavy

leather manufacture

1.14 State the uses of

the rounded parts of

the hide for the

production of light

leather

1.15 State Chemical

reactions involved in

deliming process of a

leather.

1.16 Define bating in

leather production

1.17 Explain the

process of bating of

delimed pelts.


bating of delimed pelt

e.g 0.5% Bate

powder, 80% Water

(@ 40oC).


drenching; 0.4%

Formic acid at 50%

Water).

• Explain Rounding of

hide or limed pelt to

the butt area for heavy

leather manufacture.

• Explain the uses of

the rounded parts of

hide for the

production of light

leather or for specific

types of heavy

leathers

• Explain the chemical

reactions involved in

deliming process

• Explain the process of

bating of delimed

pelts and the test for

bating

• Bate

powder

• Fomic Acid

(1:5)

• PH3.840

• Sulphuric

Acid (1:10)

Knives

Hides

-

Ammonium

sulphate

-

Ammonium

chloride

-lime/sulphide

system method

(i.e. pulping).

1.7 Round to get out

the butt area of

the hide e.g. belly

and tail regions

required for

heavy leather

manufacture

1.8 Delime using

various deliming

agents e.g.

Ammonium

Sulphate

(NH4)2SO4},

Ammonium

Chloride(NH4Cl) 1.9 Bate delimed

pelts using the

appropriate bating

powder e.g.

Pancreatic bate

{0.8%) (0.02%

Oropone) Bate

powder, 80%

Water (at 40oC)}.

1.10 Carry out test for

bating e.g. thumb

print and porosity.

• .Demonstrate the

process of liming

the unhaired pelts

using correct

recipe and

methods e.g.

-lime/sulphide

system method

(i.e. pulping).

• Demonstrate

rounding of hide

by marking and

cutting out neck,

belly and tail

regions leaving the

Butt area for

heavy leather

manufacture.

• Demonstrate the

process of

deliming the limed

pelts using

appropriate

quantity of

deliming agents

listed in 1.5.


measure correct

quantity of bate

powder.

• Demonstrate the

process of bating

of delimed pelts

192

1.11 Drench the bated

pelt for vegetable

tanning.

1.12 Add 4% Salt

(NaCl) before

acid (1.0%

H2SO4) during

drenching at

dilution ratio of 1

: 10 vs Acid:

Water) to avoid

swelling of the

leather.

using appropriate

bating powder

listed in 1.7.

• Demonstrate test

for bating e.g.

thumb print and

porosity.

• Demonstrate the

process of

drenching bated

pelts for vegetable

tanning.

• Demonstrate

adding 4% Salt

(NaCl) before acid

( 1.0% H2SO4)

during drenching

(at dilution ratio of

1 : 10 vs Acid:

Water) to avoid

swelling of the

leather.

General Objective 2.0:Understand simple recipes of various tanagers and tan various leathers up to crust, pearl stages (wet blue) Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


193

Leather Tanning

2.1 Explain the

formulation of

recipes for tanning of

heavy leathers:

- 200% Water,

- 35% Vegetable extract

(bagaruwa)

- Run 4 hours

-100% water

-20% bagaruwa

-leave overnight

-add fungicide

2.2 Explain the

penetration region of

vegetable extract

(bagaruwa) on the

tanned leather.

2.3 Explain the

significance of using

vegetable materials

instead of chrome for

the purpose of fullness

and weight of leather

required.

2.4 Explain the

importance of adding

fat liquor into the

tanning liquor tin

order to soften the

leather.

2.5 Explain the re-tanning

process using either

chrome or aluminium

• Explain the

formulation of recipes

for tanning of heavy

leathers.

• Explain the procedure

for formulation of

recipes for tanning of

heavy leathers.

e.g based on quantity

of chrome 5.5% -

6.0% run 8 hours until

penetration

• Explain the

penetration of

vegetable extract

(bagaruwa) on the

tanned leather.

• Explain the

significance of using

vegetable materials

instead of chrome for

the purpose of fullness

and weight of leather

required.

• Explain the action of

fat liquor when added

to tanning liquor for

the purpose softening

the leather.

Explain the re-tanning

process using either

chrome or aluminium

to increase tensile

• Synthetic tans

• Vegetable

extracts

• Water and

Sodium

bicarbonate

• Fat liquors

• Raw oil wage

e.g

- Paste drying

- Toggle

drying

Mineral tanning

salts e.g.

2.1 Tan to produce

light leather

using:

✓ Calf skins;

✓ Sheep;

✓ Goat;

✓ Kids,

✓ Medium and

light etc.

2.2 Tan to produce

specific

leathers e.g

✓ For uppers;

✓ Clothing leathers

✓ Book-binding

✓ Gloving

✓ Linning

✓ Glazed kids

✓ Reptile skin for

✓ Fancy leathers

2.3 Tan parts of

rounded hides

e.g.

• butt area;

• belly area, etc to

produce specific

types of heavy

leather e.g. for:

• outer soles;

• ladies flexible

soles;

✓ insoles;

• betting

2.4 Apply post

tanning

processes e.g.

• Tan different

leathers from

different Raw

Materials for:

✓ Uppers/upholster

✓ Clothing, lining

leather

✓ Uppers, tinings

✓ Glazed kids

✓ Uppers Hides –

con be used to

produced light

leathers either as

uppers or

upholstery

• Demonstrate

tanning to produce

specific leathers

listed in 2.2 using

given recipes

depending on type

of leather required

and materials

available.

• Demonstrate the

process of tanning

parts of rounded

hides e.g.

• butt area;

• belly area, etc to

produce specific

heavy leather types

for in 2.3.


carry out post

tanning processes

Mineral

tanning salts

e.g.

194

to increase tensile

strength and softness.

2.6 Explain the

introduction of dyes

and fixations

2.7 List the recipes of

fatliquoring

- 4% fat liquor at 50oC

2.8 List the recipes of

dyeing

- 1% dye of choice.

2.9 List recipes for fixing

the dyes (fixation)

- 0.5% based on the

quantity of dyes

used.

2.10 State properties

for different types of

leathers produced

2.11 State the type of

applications the

produced leathers are

meant for

2.12 List chemicals

required for each type

of leather

2.13 State function of

each component of the

recipe and the role

each component plays

in the process.

2.14 State duration and

concentrations of

strength and softness.

• Explain the

introduction of dyes

and fixations

• Explain the recipes of

fatliquoring

- 4% fat liquor at 50oC

• Explain the recipes of

dyeing

- 1% dye of choice.

• Explain recipes for

fixing the dyes

(fixation) 0.5% based

on the quantity of

dyes used.

• Explain properties for

different types of

leathers produced

• Explain the uses and

applications of each

type of leather

produced.

• Explain functions of

each component of the

recipe and its roles in

a given process.

• Explain

concentrations,

duration of process

mentioned above.

• Explain duration and

concentrations of

chemicals for each

process above

zirconium,

Aluminum

chrome as most

popular

• stripping;

• cleaning of

vegetable tanned

leathers;

• Oiling;

• Stuffing and

impregnation

with waxes.

2.5 Incorporate fats

and fat-liquors

into light,

medium and

heavy leathers

to soften the

leather and

increase the

tensile strength

2.6 Recognize

softness of

leather due to

effects of fat

liquor addition

2.7 Dry light

leathers by

various methods

e.g. by Paste

drying and

Toggle drying.

2.8 Mention mineral

tanning salts,

zirconium,

listed in 2.4 using

appropriate

recipes and

following

appropriate

procedures and

sequence of

chemical

additional and

running time.

• Demonstrate the

process of

incorporating fats

and fat-liquors

into leathers for

the purpose of

softening and

increase of tensile

strength.

• Recognize

softness of

leather due to

effects of fat

liquor addition

• Demonstrate

various methods

of drying leathers,

e.g.

✓ paste drying

✓ toggle drying.


identify mineral

tanning salts,

zirconium,

Aluminum

chrome as

most popular

195

chemicals for each

process above.

2.15 Describe tests to

ascertain completion

of tanning process and

final quality of leather

process.

2.16 Mention mineral

tanning salts,

zirconium, Aluminum

chrome as most

popular.

2.17 Outline specific

properties of different

types of leather

during tanning process

2.18 Outline specific

properties of tanning

in leather e.g. fullness

of the produced

leather.

• Explain the necessary

tests to satisfy

completion and final

quality of leather of

process.

• Explain mineral

tanning salts,

zirconium, Aluminum

chrome most popular.

• Explain specific

properties of different

types of leather during

tanning process

• Explain the specific

properties of tanning

in leather e.g. fullness

of the produced

leather.

Aluminum

chrome as most

popular.

2.9 Identify time of

penetration of

chemicals.

2.9 Identify level of

agitation of

chemicals (rpm)

in leather during

tanning and

re-tanning

process of

leather.

2.10 Identify the

difficulties of

tanning

penetration in

various types of

leather.

2.11 Carry out test

to ascertain

completion of

the tanning

process on a

leather e.g.

fullness of the

produced

leather.

zirconium,

Aluminum chrome

as most popular.


identify the

various effects of

different

concentration of

chemicals, time

and level of

agitation during

tanning and

re-tanning process

on leather of a

selected leather.

• Show students the

difficulties of

tanning

penetration in

various types of

leather.

• Demonstrate

specific properties

of tanning in

leather e.g.

conducting

appropriate testing

to confirm the

fullness of the

produced leather

General Objective 3.0:Know various chemicals commonly used in tannery

Common Chemicals

used in Tannery • Explain the role of

each of the chemicals

Chemicals used in

Beam House

3.1 Identify

chemicals • Guide students to

identify the

Chemicals in

Beam House

196

3.1 List chemicals

commonly used in

Beam House

✓ Water

✓ Sodium Sulphate

✓ Calcium Hydroxide

✓ Ammonium Chloride

✓ Ammonium Sulphate

✓ Sulphuric Acid

✓ Formic Acid

3.2 List chemicals

commonly used in the

Tan Yard

✓ Acids such as

- H2SO4,,

- Formic Acid

✓ Chrome Powder

3.3 List chemicals used in

Wet Finishing yard

✓ Dyes

✓ Syntans

✓ Vegetables Extracts

3.4 List chemicals used in

the finishing yard

✓ Pigments

✓ Binders

✓ Waxes

✓ Plasticizers

3.5 Explain the effects of

dye, syntans,

vegetable extracts on

tanned leather.

listed in 3.1used for

each process in the

Beam Yard.

• Explain the role of


listed in 3.2 used in

each process in the

Tan Yard.

• Explain the role of


listed in 3.3 used in

each process in the

Wet Finishing Yard

• Describe the

appearances of the

listed chemicals above

• Explain the effects

chemicals on pelts and

leathers e.g their

corrosive nature.

• Describe the

appearances in terms of

colour solubility.

• Explain the effects of

dye, syntans, vegetable

extracts on tanned

leather.

• Explain the chemicals

in used in

finishing yard e,g.

✓ Water

✓ Sodium,

Sulphate

✓ Calcium

Hydroxide

✓ Ammonium

Chloride

✓ Ammonium

Sulphate

✓ Sulphuric

Acid

✓ Formic Acid.

Chemicals used

in Tan Yard

Tan Yard

✓ Acids such as

- H2SO4,,

- Formic Acid

✓ Chrome

Powder

Chemicals used

in Wet Finishing

yard

✓ Dyes

✓ Syntans

✓ Vegetables

Extracts

Chemicals of

finishing yard

✓ Pigments

✓ Binders

✓ Waxes

✓ Plasticizers

commonly used

in Beam House

✓ Water

✓ Sodium,

Sulphate

✓ Calcium

Hydroxide

✓ Ammonium

Chloride

✓ Ammonium

Sulphate

✓ Sulphuric Acid

✓ Formic Acid

3.2 Identify

chemicals used in

Tan Yard

✓ Acids such as

- H2SO4,,

- Formic Acid

✓ Chrome Powder

3.3 Identify

chemicals used Wet

finishing yard

✓ Dyes

✓ Syntans

✓ Vegetables

Extracts

3.4 List chemicals of

finishing yard

✓ Pigments

✓ Binders

✓ Waxes

✓ Plasticizers

,

chemicals used in

Beam House as listed

in 3.1

• Demonstrate the

action of the

chemicals used in the

Beam House on Hid

and side.


identify the

chemicals used in

Tan Yard as listed in

3.2

• Demonstrate the

effects of chemicals

used in tan yard on

the pelts.


identify the

chemicals used in

Wet finishing yard.


identify the

chemicals used in

general finishing

yard

✓ Water

✓ Sodium,

Sulphate

✓ Calcium

Hydroxide

✓ Ammonium

Chloride

✓ Ammonium

Sulphate

✓ Sulphuric

Acid

✓ Formic Acid

Chemicals

used in

Tan Yard

✓ Acids e.g.

-H2SO4,, -

Formic Acid

✓ Chrome

Powder

Chemicals

used in Wet

Finishing yard

✓ Dyes

✓ Syntans

✓ Vegetables

Extracts

Chemicals of

finishing yard

✓ Pigments

✓ Binders

✓ Waxes

✓ Plasticizers

197

3.5 Explain the chemicals

in used in

finishing yard e,g

.pigments, Binders,

Waxes, Plasticizers.

3.6 Explain the effects of

pigment on crust

leather.

3.7 Explain value addition

on the crust leather

due to impact of

finishing chemicals

pigments, Binders,

Waxes, Plastizers

• Explain the effects of

pigment on crust

leather.

• Explain value addition

on the crust leather due

to impact of finishing

chemicals.

3.5 Carryout dyeing

using appropriate

chemicals in 3.3

( i.e. a process of

wet finishing).

3.6 Carry out

pigmentation

appropriately.

3.7 Carryout general

finishing process

at the finishing

yard using

appropriate

chemicals in 3.4.

• Demonstrate the

processes at Wet

finishing yard by

carrying out Dyeing

using appropriate

chemicals in 3.3.

• Carryout

pigmentation using

appropriate

chemicals mentioned

in 3.4.

• Carryout finishing

process at the Wet

finishing yard at the

finishing yard using

appropriate

chemicals in 3.4.

198


MODULE: CLM 14 LEATHER DYEING AND FINISHING

PRE-REQUISITE: CLM 13 LIGHT AND HEAVY LEATHER MANUFACTURE

DURATION: 240 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to impact

color and aesthetic appeal to leather for use in shoe and leather goods manufacture

General Objectives:


1. Know the techniques of application of dye stuffs, pigments and finishes on leather

2. Know the characteristics of finished leather and its substitutes and their uses.

199


Course: LEATHER DYEING AND FINISHING Course Code: CLM 14 Contact Hours: 288

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement YEAR III, TERM I, II and III

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skill to impact color and aesthetic appeal to leather for use

in shoe and leather goods manufacture

General Objective 1.0: Know the techniques of application of dye stuffs, pigments and finishes on leather Year:1

Term:1

Theoretical: 2 Hours Practical: 6 Hours

Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


Application of Dye Stuff,

Pigments and Finishes:

1.1 Explain the

application of

post tanning

processes before

dyeing and

finishing of

leather viz:

wetting back of

dried leather in

warm water;

neutralization( if

chrome leather)

1.2 Describe the

preparation of

dye solution and

finishing dopes.


of post tanning processes

before dyeing and

finishing of leather

Explain the preparation of

dye solution and finishing

dopes.

Marker board

Projector

Apply post tanning

processes before

dyeing and finishing of

leather viz:

wetting back of dried

leather in warm

water;

neutralization( if

chrome leather)

Prepare dye solution and finishing dopes

Apply dying

processing to leather,

using various dyes,

viz: acid dyes;

basic dyes;

Guide the application

and preparation

processes

warm water;

Various dyes

suede leather;

clothing

leather ;

glove leather ;

glaced kids.

200

1.3 Explain the

application of

dying processing

to leather, using

various dyes, viz:

acid dyes;

basic dyes;

direct dyes;

and using various

methods iz;

pad dyeing;

drum dyeing.

1.4 Describe the

dyeing of various

types of leather;

e.g. suede

leather;

clothing leather ;

glove leather ;

glaced kids.

1.5 Explain the

application of

pigments using

prepared dopes

by:

padding;

spraying;

curtain coating.


processes

Explain the dyeing

process of various types

of leather


of pigments using

prepared dopes by:

padding;

spraying;

curtain coating

direct dyes;

and using various

methods iz;

pad dyeing;

drum dyeing.

Dye various types of

leather; e.g. suede

leather; clothing

leather ;

glove leather ;

glaced kids.

Apply pigments using

prepared dopes by:

padding;

spraying;

curtain coating.

Apply top finish by

spraying.

Glaze or wet plate by machine, taking into consideration the types of finish for heavy leather, roll by machine

201

1.6 Describe the

application of top

finish by spraying.

Explain top finish

application by spraying

General Objective 2.0: know the characteristics of finished leather and its substitutes and their uses

Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


Characteristics of finished

leather:

2.1 Classify

leather as

soft, hard etc

and explain

the choices of

a particular

type of

leather

product.

2.2 List leather

substitute and

explain their

advantage

and

disadvantage

2.3 List different

kinds of goods

that may be

State the classification

of leather and choice

of leather product

State leather substitute explaining their advantage and disadvantage State different kinds of goods that may be

Marker

board

Projector

Identify materials

used for reinforcing in

leather goods

manufacture

Guide the

identification of

materials for reinforcing in leather goods manufacture

materials used for reinforcing

202

manufactured

from lather.

2.4 List different

types of fibre

boards used

in leather

good industry

and explain

their

properties.

2.5 List different

types of yarns

and threads

used in

leather goods

manufacture

and explain

their uses.

2.6 Explain the

advantages

and

disadvantages

of using

leather in the

making of

shoes and

other leather

goods as

manufactured from lather. State different types of fibre boards used in leather good industry explaining their properties.


yarns and threads used in

leather goods

manufacture and their

uses.

State the advantages and

disadvantages of using

leather in the making of

shoes and other leather

goods as compared to the

use of other materials

203

compared to

the use of

other

materials.

2.7 Explain

materials

used for

reinforcing in

leather goods

manufacture,

their

characteristics

and uses.

2.8 Explain the principles of adhesion

2.9 List types of adhesive used in leather works industry.

State materials used for

reinforcing in leather

goods manufacture, their

characteristics and uses.

Discuss the principles of adhesion

State types of adhesive

used in leather works

industry.

204

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN

LEATHER MANUFACTURE

LIST OF EQIUPMENT

WET PROCESSES: 1. Beams 2. Fleshing and unhairing knives 3. Drums 4. Vats 5. Horses (wooden) 6. Plastic basins and plastic pails and cups (all graduated) 7. Pits 8. Hose pipes 9. Avery weighing machine 10. Scales 11. Fleshing machine 12. Unhairing machine 13. Splitting machine 14. Tan yard 15. Seeting machine 16. Shaving machine 17. Buffing machine 18. Staking machine 19. Drying chamber 20. Toggling frames 21. Plating machine with different plates 22. Spray gun 23. Finishing chamber with exhaust fan.

205

Tannery Machines for Training of 30 Students

S/N

Tools

Minimum tools

required

Beam horse

machine

1 Beam horse 5

2 Beam/fleshing

knives

5

3 Fleshing machine 1

4 Drums 3

5 Vats 5

6 Horses 5

7 Plastic

containers(different

5 (each)

206

sizes ranging from

cups, buckets,

drums)

8 Hose pipes 2

9 A very weighing

sealers

2

10 Smaller sealers (50gm-200gm)3

11 Smaller sealers (10gm-50gm)3

12 Fleshing machine 1

Tan yard

13 Splitting machine 1

14 Seeting out

machine

1

15 Shaving machine 1

16 Buffing machine 2

207

17 Staking machine 1

18 Drying

machine/toggle

dryers

1

Finishing machine

19 Complete set of

spraying machine

1

20 Rotto pressing

machine

1

21 Embossing

machine/different

embossing plates

1

22 A lazing machine 2

23 Spraying gum 3

24 Spraying boot 3

208

25 Extractors- to

extract

gaseous/fames up

to the sky

6

26 Finishing chamber

with exhaust fans

1

27 Factory building to house the machines and the labour force

209

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKINS

PRODUCTION

210

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICAT IN LEATHER TRADES


COURCE CODE: CHS 10

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

DURATION: 60 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather

trades

General Objectives:







211


MANUFACTURE

Course: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY INLEATHER TRADE Course Code: CHS 10 Contact Hours: 60


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of occupational health and safety in leather

trades General Objective 1.0: Understand Environmental Hazards in the Leather Work Environment Year:1


Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome



hazard risks




Hide and

Skins

Apply environmental

protection methods


hazard risks


2.1 Name Personal



leather wok

environment.

2.2 Explain uses of

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)




leather wok

environment.




Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs)

2.1 Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)


wok environment.

2.2 Use appropriate

Personal Protective

• Select Personal

Protective

Equipment (PPEs)

applicable to

leather wok

environment.


of appropriate

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs

212









etc

leather work

environment in 2.2

Equipment (PPEs)

correctly.

2.3 Maintain clean

working

surrounding/

environment

Personal Protective

Equipment (PPEs)


maintain clean

working

surrounding/

environment




environment



the leather wok

environment



environment.



the leather wok

environment

First aid


materials needed in

the work

environment.



in the leather work

environment.

3.3 Apply first aid

methods when

necessary in the

work environment


identify first aid

materials needed

in the work

environment.


materials

applicable in the

leather work

environment.


aid procedures

necessary in the

work environment

First aid

Materials



and regulations to

maintain health and

hygiene in the work

environment.


hygiene of workers




work environment.


maintaining good

personal hygiene.

Personal

Protective

Equipment

(PPEs).

4.1 Wear clean and

smart and


Protective

Equipment (PPEs).


and wounds given


work safely at all

times complying

with health and

safety and other

regulations and

guidelines e.g. use

of correct PPEs.

213




environment and the

importance to the


4.4 State own




leather industry



the appropriate

persons.



wounds promptly by

an appropriate




to safety rules and



work environment.






industry.


report illness and







by an appropriate



immediate treatment

by appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment.


identify the

procedures to

follow to get any

cuts, grazes and

wounds given

immediate

treatment by

appropriate

personnel (First

Aider) in the work

environment


214



safe and hygienic

workplace.




right personnel.

5.3 State where

information about

health and safety

procedures and

regulations can be


environment.



in the leather work

environment.





with effectively.


in the leather work

environment that be






all times.





personnel.




regulations can be


environment.




leather work

environment.





effectively.


in the leather work



student or worker.


procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

5.2 Follow

organizational

security procedures


leather industry.


disposal methods of

organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.4 Observe proper


organic and

inorganic wastes.

5.5 Observe proper


noise in the work

environment.



in the work

environment and

how to deal with

them effectively.

• Demonstrate

emergency

procedures when

necessary in a wok

environment.

• Follow

organizational

security procedures

in doing work in



dispose organic and

inorganic waste

safely.


observe proper


organic and

inorganic wastes.


observe sound and

noise protection

methods in the

work environment.

• Ensure that

identified hazards


are dealt with

promptly and

accurately

215


leather work

environment that


someone else for

treatment and/or


solution




someone else for



enhanced medical

attention.



other people about


the work place.

6.2 State why it is

important to warn


and hazards in the

workplace.



happen in the

workplace.



may happen in the

workplace.





other people about












deal with types of





work environment.


warn other people

about dangers and

hazards in the work

place.


emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.



emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.


equipment in the

work environment.


warn other people


work place and why

it is important.


identify types of

emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.

• Demonstrate

procedures to deal


emergencies that

may happen in the

workplace.



equipment in the

work environment


216




and handling


be followed in the

work place.



relevant to own


environment



a First Aider.




work place.






aider in the work

place.


and handling

techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.


of working safely

that is relevant to

own position in the

work environment

marks and position

in the workplace.

Guide students to

identify who is a

First Aider and the


Aider.



techniques that

should be followed

in the work place.


ways of working

safely that is

relevant to own


environment


7.1 Describe the

organizational


with particular

reference to fire

outbreak.



workplace.

7.3 Describe how to



work place.

• Explain how own




of fire outbreak.



workplace.



possibility of fire


place.

Fire alarms

7.1 Identify

organizational

emergency

procedures with


to fire outbreak.


causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

7.3 Identify how to


• Demonstrate the

organizational

emergency

procedures to be


event of fire

outbreak.

• Show possible

causes for fire

outbreak in the

workplace.

• Show methods to


Fire alarms

217



in the work place


fire alarm when

necessary.


never be approached


safe by appropriate

person



rules.

7.7 Describe




work environment.



unusual (routine or



dangers in the

workplace to the






fire alarm when

necessary.


should never be


declared safe by

appropriate person



rules.



dangers e.g. fire

outbreaks are

considered very


place.








of fire outbreak in

the work place.


fire alarms in the

work place.


off fire alarm when

necessary.

7.7 Identify

organizational

security procedures


outbreak in a work

environment.


for reporting all

usual or unusual

(routine or non-

routine) incidents


dangers in the

workplace to the

appropriate

personnel

of fire outbreak in

the work place.


locate alarms e.g.

fire alarms in the

work place

• Demonstrate how


when necessary


observe

organizational

security procedures

for dangers e.g.

fire outbreaks.


reporting all usual

or unusual (routine

or non-routine)

incidents that will

constitute dangers

in the workplace to

the appropriate

personnel

218

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN

LEATHER TRADE


COURSE CODE: CBS 10

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 72 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in


General Objectives:

219









220


COURSE: BASIC SKILLS IN LEATHER WORK PRODUCTION COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge and skills in




Resources

Specific Learning

objectives


Resources

1.10 List various types

of Leather.



leather works.

1.12 Name sources of

different types of

leather


of Leather.


Animal skins used

for leather works.


different types

Hide and skin

leather

Leather hide and

skin

Larger and small

animals e.g.

elephant, goat

etc.


leathers used for

producing leather

products.



uses.

• Show students

various types of

leathers used for

producing leather

products.


identify different

leathers for

different uses.

Hide and skin

leather







Tape ruler







Tape ruler

Protractor

221








• Convert

measurement in

yards to the

metric system







Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Clicking knives

Punching pliers



leather works


identify the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

working tools

used in leather

works.

Clicking

knives

Punching

pliers

222









Sewing machine

Stamping

machine



• Guide students

to identify the

basic equipment

used in leather

works.

• Demonstrate the

uses of the basic

equipment used

in leather works.

Sewing

machine

Stamping

machine













Scissors

Clicking knives

Punching pliers

Cut pattern using

click knife (knife)






Hand clicking

knife and

clicking press

with clicking

knives

Skiving hand

Skiving knife

or

skiving

machine

Scissors

Punching

pliers

223



6.2 Describe basic





• Demonstrate

manual sewing

of simple leather

works.










224

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATECERTIFICATE IN HIDES ANS SKIN

MODULE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN

COURSE CODE: CHS 11

PRE-REQUISITE: NIL

DURATION: 72 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of the raw

materials and chemicals used in leather manufacture

General Objectives:


9.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their values.

10.0 Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering and bleeding of animals for the production of hides and skin.

11.0 Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin.

12.0 Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage.

13.0 Understand the grading of hides and skin.

14.0 Know approved pattern of flaying

15.0 Know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing

16.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin

225


COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO HIDES AND SKIN COURSE CODE: CLM 11 CREDIT HOURS: 72 HOURS

YEAR: TERM PRE-REQUISITE:

GOAL:

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 1.0 Know the structure, sources, similarities and differences between hides and skin and the factors affecting their

values and supply. week Specific Learning Outcome Teachers Activities Learning

Resources

Specific Learning

objectives


Resources

Hides and Skin

1.8 List different

sources of hide

and skin for

the industry.

1.9 Draw the cross

section of hide

and skin.

1.10 Outline

the differences

between hide

and skin e.g.in

- Size

- Area

- Weight

- sex,

etc

1.11 Explain

the need for

proper care of

animals prior

to slaughter.

• Explain the term

- Hide and Skin

- Farm Domestic and

- Wild animals

• Draw and label the

sections of the hide and

skin structure.


between hides and skin in

terms of size, area weight

and sex.

• Explain the need for the

following:

- good feeding

-.healthy animals in order

to produce good and

healthy skin for quality

leathers.

• Explain quality flaying.

Cattle Range

Good Feeds

Use of Pattern

Knives

Knives

File for

sharpening

knives

Red hot Iron

Use of Inks for

branding

1.6 Measure the size

of hide and skin

with measuring

tape.

1.7 Calculate area of

the hides and skin

with the

measurement

above.

1.8 Weigh the animal

skin or hide, etc.

• Demonstrate

measurement of

hide and skin.


calculate area of the

hides and skin with

the measurement

above.

• Demonstrate

weighing of hides

and skins.

Cattle Range

Good Feeds

Knives

File for

sharpening

knives

Red hot Iron

Pattern

Knives

226

1.12 List the

different

determinants

of the value of

hides and skin

- Sex

- Age

- Feeding, etc.

1.13 List the

damages

inflicted on

hides and skin

during

slaughter,

flaying,

curing, and

their effects on

the quality of

hides and skin.

1.14 Explain

branding

marks on the

skin of live

animals

• Explain effects of good

feeding on the animals.

• Explain damages inflicted

on the hides and skin

during flaying e.g. knife

cuts, gauge marks,

scratches and bruises.

• Explain the effect of

branding on a live animal

as a cause of damage on

the hide and skin quality.

• Describe branding

marks on the skin of

live animals

Use of hot Iron

rods for branding

1.9 Identify bruises or

scratches on the

grain pattern of

hides and skins.

1.10 Identify

branding marks on

the skin of live

animals

• Conduct visual

assessment of hides

and skins to identify

bruises and

scratches on the

grain surface.


identify the effect of

branding marks on

the quality of hide

and skins for

production of good

quality leather.

Inks for

branding

hot Iron rods

for branding

227

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 2.0: Know the tools and equipment used in slaughtering of animals for the production of hides and skin. Tools and Equipment

used in slaughtering

2.1 Identify tools and

equipment used in

slaughter slabs and

abattoir e.g.

- Using Knives

- Using Electronic

- Stoning

- Electric Shock

2.2 Explain the uses of the

tools and equipment

used in 2.1 above.

• Explain approve knives

pattern.

• Explain modern methods

of bleeding

- Explain different methods

of killing the animals e.g.

the use of

- Knives

- Electronic Stoning

- Electric Shock

- Knives

- Electronic

Stoning

- Electric Shock

2.1 Mention the

tools and

equipment used in

slaughter slabs and

abattoir.

2.2 Observe the

slaughtering of

animals for the

production of hides

and skin.

Guide students to

maintain the tools and

equipment used in

slaughter slabs and

abattoir.

Supervise the

slaughtering of

animals for the

production of hides

and skin.

- Knives

- Electronic

Stoning

- Electric

Shock

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 3.0: Understand the various trade terms used in hides and skin. Trade Terms in Hides

and Skin


common trade terms

in hides and skin

✓ Fell-mongering

✓ Hinny

✓ Kip

✓ Calf

✓ Green Weight

(including its ratio in

relation to dry

weight, salted weight)

• Explain the common

trade names in hides and

Skin listed in 3.1.

• Explain a calf, calfskin

• Explain fell-mongering,

poor bleeding, and their

Fallen animals

Fallen skins

Rejects

3.1 Identify skin from

fallen (dead)

animals e.g. it’s

very bloody nature,

which stains every

object it comes in

contact with.

Guide students to

identify the features

of skin from fallen

(dead) animals, e.g.

the skin is very

bloody and stains any

objects it comes in

contact, which has

effect on resultant

leather due to patchy

dyeing.

Fallen

animals

Fallen skins

Rejects

228

✓ Stencil number

(including their uses)

✓ Hide Yield

✓ Hide Constitution e.g.

tanned

✓ Wild

✓ Spready hides

3.3 State the hides and skin

regulations applicable

in different parts of

Nigeria.

effects on the quality of

hides and skin.

• Explain various terms

listed above

• .Explain the hides and

skin regulations

applicable in different

parts of Nigeria.


of blood on the

skin as causes of

patching.


of blood on the

skin as causes of

dyeing

Guide students to

identify the effects of

blood on the skin as

causes patching and

dyeing.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 4.0: Understand the importance of good flaying curing and storage. 4.1 Explain the techniques

of curing and flaying

using fraying knives

and machines.


curing methods in

Nigeria including:

- flinting

-pickling


-the three wire system.

4.3 Explain other methods

of curing with salt e.g.

✓ dry and wet salting,

✓ brining indicating

where each type of

curing is mainly

practiced.

• Explain the terms curing,

flaying.

• Describe the patterns for

flaying knives.

• Explain the different

curing methods in

Nigeria including:

- flinting

- pickling


- the three wire system.

• Explain other curing

methods with salts in 4.3

• Define brining and its

uses in curing.

4.1 Identify common

commercial curing

salts e.g.

✓ fine salt

✓ granular salt



knives cuts, scars,

gauges, etc on

hides and skin.


damages during

storage and

transportation e.g.


insects’ damages

- holes caused by

rodents

Show students

common

commercial curing

salts e.g.

✓ fine salt

✓ granular salt


• Guide students

to identify types

of knives cuts,

scars, gauges, etc

on hides and

skin.

• Guide students

to identify

possible

damages during

storage and

transportation

e.g. grain cracks,

229

4.4 Name common

commercial curing

salts e.g.

✓ fine salt

✓ granular salt

✓ denatured salt.

4.5 Explain the recipe for


pickling.

4.6 Explain the theory of

salt penetration during

curing.


dry salting and wet

salting.

4.8 State the application of

wet and dry salting.


and uses of fungicide

Bactenocide solutions.

4.10 Explain the use of the


during storage:

✓ liquid insecticide

✓ powder insecticide

✓ aerosole

4.11Outline the effects of

salt in Tannery waste

water.

• Define pickling and its

uses in curing.

• Give examples of

common commercial

curing salts (Industrial)

listed in 4.4.



pickling.

• Explain the theory of salt

penetration during

curing

• Explain dry salting and

wet salting and their

applications.

• Explain the popularity of

wet salting.

• Explain the uses of the


during storage:

- liquid insecticide

- powder insecticide

- aerosole

• Describe the preparation

of fungicide Bactenocide

solution.

• Explain the effects of salt

in Tannery waste water.

- cracks, bends on

skin

during baling,

movement, etc.

4.4 Carry out both wet

and dry salting.

4.5 Prepare salt

solution for brining

process.

4.6 Demonstrate the

effects of poor

application of

brining

4.7 Identify fungicides

used on hides and

skin e.g.

- “Busan 30”


4.8 Identify the effect

of poor application

of fungicides and

over dilution.

4.11 Identify grain

cracks and

damages due to

holes effects

from rodents and

insects attack,

etc.

• Demonstrate

both wet and dry

salting

• Demonstrate

how to prepare

salt solution for

brining.

• Demonstrate the

effects of poor

application of

brining

• Show samples of

fungicides used

on hides and

skins e.g.

- “Busan 30”


• Demonstrate the

effect of poor

application of

fungicides and

over dilution.

230

4,12 Explain the process of

dilution and spraying

on the skins.

4.16 Describe holes on

skins due to insects’

damages i.e. holes on

dried salted hides and

skins.

4.17 Explain grain cracks

on stored skins i.e.

cracks on dried salted

hides and skins

4.18 Differentiate salt

(NaCl) as a Bacteriol

stat (i.e. makes


Bacteriol side i.e.

agents that kills

bacteria)

• Explain the process for

dilution and spraying on

the skins with pesticides.

• Explain possible

damages on skins during

storage and

transportation e.g

- cracks on stored skins.


insects’ damages

- holes caused by rodents

- cracks, bends, on skin

during baling,

movement, etc.

• Explain reasons why salt

(NaCl) act as as a

Bacteriol stat (i.e. makes


Bacteriol side i.e. agents

that kills bacteria)

storage and

transportation.

4.12 Identify grain

damages due to

storage/

transportation


observe grain

damages due to

storage/

transportation

• Guide students

to identify the

grain damages

occurring due to

storage and

transportation.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 5.0: Understand the grading of hides and skin

Grading of Hides and

Skin


grading and selection

in hides and skin.


of grading and selection

in hides and skin of

goats, sheep,

crocodiles, snakes, etc.

• Explain the terms:

grading, selection in

hides and skins.

• Describe different grades

in hides and skin e.g.

Grades I, II III and IV

and also Rejects.

- Measuring

tapes

- Grades I, II III

and IV and also

Rejects.

5.1 Select skins into

different sizes e.g.

- heavy,

- medium,

- light


grades in hides and

skin e.g. Grades I,

II, III and IV and

their uses.

• Demonstrate

selection of skins

into different

sizes e.g.

- heavy,

- medium,

- light

• Assist students

in the

identification of

different

grades in hides

- Measuring

tapes

- Grades I, II III

and IV

- Rejects.

231

5.3 State the grades of

hides and skins as

Grade I, II, III, IV and

Rejects

5.3 Explain commercial

classification of hides

and skin.

5.4 Explain folding and


skin.


height a pile of hide

and skins could be

giving consideration to


the skins flesh to flesh

or grain to grain.

• State reasons for Grade I

as best for leather

production rather than

Grades II. III, IV and

Rejects.

• Explain the value of

hides over skins, area

yield, more applicable to

various production while

skins are limited.

• Explain folding and


skin.

• Explain the maximum

height a pile of hide and

skins could considering


the skins according to:

- flesh to flesh

- grain to grain

5.3 Identify Rejects of

hide and skins.

and their uses.

5.4 Carry out piling of

salted hide and

skins according to

- flesh to flesh and

- grain to grain.


height a pile of

hide and skins

could be.

and skin e.g.

Grades I, II, III

and IV and also

Rejects and their

uses.

• Demonstrate

piling of salted

hide and skins.

• Guide students

to identify

maximum height

to pile skins

according to

- flesh to flesh

- grain to grain.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 6.0: Know approved pattern of flaying

Pattern of flaying

6.1Explain the meaning of

flaying.

6.2 Mention types of

flaying knives.

6.2 Describe manual

flaying.

6.4 Describe the procedure

of inflation of animal

using pumps or

compressor to make


• Describe the process of

flaying and its purpose

in hides and skin

• Explain types of flaying

knives with examples

• Describe Manual flaying

• Explain the procedure of

inflation of animal using

pumps or compressor to

make initial ripping cut,

Various types of

fraying knives

Compressors for

inflation of

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

Motor Cycle

pumps for

inflation of the

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

6.1 Identify various

types of fraying

knives

6.2 Use pump or

compressor to

inflate the animal

prior to making


6.3 Make initial

ripping cuts.

• Show students

types of fraying

knives.

• Demonstrate the

use of pumps or

compressor to

inflate the

animal before

making initial

ripping cut.

• Demonstrate

initial ripping

cuts.

Various types of

fraying knives

Compressors for

inflation of

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

Motor Cycle

pumps for

inflation of the

animals before

making initial

ripping cuts

232

6.4 Carry out flaying

using appropriate

tools.

• Demonstrate

flaying using

appropriate

tools.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 7. 0: know the rules and regulations of Hides and Skins sales and marketing

Rules and regulations of

Hides and Skins sales and

marketing

7.1 Define a rule as guide

for hides and skins

production, sales and

market.

7.2 State the laws on the

following:

- Flaying

- Preparation

- Preservation

- Transportation

- Marketing


rules and regulation as

each affects marketing

of hides and skins.

7.7 Explain the flowing


hides and skin:

- Local Government

- States

- Federal

• Explain Hide and Skins

laws.

• Explain a rule as guide

for hides and skins

production.

• State the gazettes

number on Hide and

Skin.

• State the laws on the

following:

- Flaying

- Preparation

- Preservation

- Transportation

- Marketing


between rules and

regulation in relation to

the marketing of hides

and skins.

• Explain the flowing


hides and skin:

- Local Government

- States

- Federal

Fraying knives

Abattoir

Slaughter Slab

Hides and Skin

7.1 Identify States of

the Federation that

obey laws and

regulation on

hides and Skins,

7.2 Cite example of

Law, e.g. Hides

and Skins properly

flayed are not

allowed to leave

Abattoir of

Slaughter slabs.


of obeying the

laws and

regulations on

Hides and Skin.

e.g. the recovery

rates of hides and

skin will be

increased as the

properly flayed

hides and skin are

not allowed to

• Give examples

of States of the

Federation that

obey laws and

regulations on

hides and Skins.

• Cite example of

Law, e.g. Hides

and Skins

properly flayed

are not allowed

to leave Abattoir

of Slaughter

slabs.

• Cite the effects

of obeying the

laws and

regulations on

Hides and Skin.

e.g. the

recovery rates of

hides and skin

will be increased

as the properly

flayed hides and

skin are not

Flaying knives

Abattoir

Slaughter Slab

Hides and Skin

233

7.4 Explain rules of hides


hides and skins

marketing and

transportation

7.9 Explain curing or


and skins.

7.10 Explain the proper

storage process of hide

and skins

7.11 Outline the

importance of


and skins to ensure

quality in leather

manufacture.

7.12 Describe best

practices in

preservation of hides

and skin e.g. proper

application of


- Brining and

- chilling i.e.

refrigeration.

• Explain rules of hides


hides and skins marketing

and transportation.

• Explain curing or

preservatives of hide and

skins.

• Explain the proper best

storage process of hides

and skins


preservation of hide and

skins in relation to best

practices in leather

manufacture.

• Describe best practices in

preservation of hides and

skin e.g. proper

application of


- Brining and

- chilling i.e. refrigeration

Laws and

Regulation on

Hide and Skim

Licenses in

relation to hides

and skin:

- Local

Government

- States

- Federal

Storage Facilities

leave the abattoir

or slaughter house

7.8 Visit Canteens,

Abattoirs,

Slaughter slabs to

observe best

practices of

slaughtering

animals and

fraying of hide and

skins.

7.9 Carry out curing or

preservation of

hide and skins.

7.6 Comply to best

practices in

preservation of

hides and skin e.g.

proper application

of

- wet and dry

salting

- Brining and

- chilling (i.e.

refrigeration)

7.7 Adopt proper

storage process of

hide and skins.

allowed to leave

the abattoir or

slaughter house.

• Take students on

industrial visit s

to Canteens,

Abattoirs,

Slaughter slabs

to observe

abattoir best

practices of

slaughtering

animals and

fraying of hide

and skins.

• Demonstrate

preservation of

hides and skin

e.g. proper

application of

- wet and dry

salting

- Brining and

- chilling (i.e.

refrigeration).

• Guide students

to apply proper

storage of hide

and skins

Laws and

Regulation on

Hide and Skim

Licenses in

relation to hides

and skin:

- Local

Government

- States

- Federal

Storage

Facilities

GENERAL OBEJECTIVE 8.0 Know common diseases and defects of hides and skin

234

Common diseases and

defects of hides and skin

8.1 List common diseases


✓ Ticks and mangees


8.2 Explain common

diseases of hides and

skins listed below:

- Dermatophilosis

congolenses

- Tick bites

- Mycotics dermatitis

8.3 List common defects of

hides and skin e.g.

- Knife cuts

- Gauge marks

- Bad shape

- Improper bleeding

-Rubbed or dragged

grain

- Poor storage

• Explain diseases and

defects associated with

hides and skins.

• Explain common diseases


✓ Dermatophilosis

congolenses

✓ Tick bites


• Describe the effects the

diseases above on tanned

leather

• Explain common defects

of hides and skin with

examples as in 8.3.

• Explain fraying cuts,

scars, gauges, scratches

as defects on hides and

skins.

- Diseases skins

- Processing

Chemicals

- Visit to

Canteen, Abattoir

or Slaughter

slabs

- Abattoir and

Slaughter House

best practices

8.1 Tan a skin from a

diseased animal.

8.2 Tan a skin that is

poorly flayed.

8.3 Illustrate tanned

leather with poor

shape.


diseases s due to

poor flaying.


defects due to poor

flaying

• Guide students

to carry out the

activities in 8.1

to 8.4.

• Observe

diseased tanned

leather and

guide students to

identify the

features.

• Guide students

to identify types

of diseases s due

to poor flaying.

• Guide students

to identify types

of defects due to

poor flaying

- Diseases skins

- Processing

Chemicals

- Visit to

Canteen,

Abattoir or

Slaughter slabs

- Abattoir and

Slaughter House

best practices

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKINS PRODUCTION

235

MODULE: CHS 12 Slaughtering and Flaying

PREREQUISITE: CHS 11

DURATION: HOURS

GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of raw, hide and skin,

slaughter and flaying techniques.

General Objectives:

On completion of this course, the trainee should be able to:

1.0 Know the sources, similarities and differences between hides and skins.

2.0 know the structure, function and component of hide and skin.

3.0 Know the general layout of abattoirs, slaughter slab, various equipment and their uses

4.0 know slaughter procedure

5.0 Know flaying procedure, equipment and tools for flaying.

236

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATEAND ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKINS

PRODUCTION

COURSE: SLAUGHTERING AND FLAYING COURSE CODE: CHS 11 CREDIT HOURS: Contact Hours:

YEAR: SEMESTER PRE:REQUISITE:

GOAL: The module is design to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of raw, hide and skin, slaughter and flaying techniques.

General Objective 1.0:Know the sources, similarities and differences between Hide and Skin

Week


objectives


1.1 mention the major

sources of hide and skin

1.2 Explain the different

between hide and skin


sources of hide and skin in

available in Nigeria e.g

cowhide, sheepskin, reptile

skin etc

1.4 Describe different hides

and skin from different

breeds e.g bunaji, Rahaji,

Sokoto red, Kano brown

etc

List major sources of

hide and skin.

Explain the differences

Explain the difference

types of hide and skin

from different types

of animals.

List different types of

animal breeds.

Hide and Skin

from different

ruminate, birds,

reptiles etc.

Identify hide and skin

From large animal and

Skin from small

ruminates, reptile and

amphibians.

Identify the following

animal breeds Bunaji,

Rahaji, Sokoto red,

Kano brown etc

Present different types of

hide and skin

Show the animal breeds

on charts

Raw hide

and skin

from

animals,

birds and

other

sources

chart

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0 Know the structure, function and component of hide and skin.

2.1 Describe animal skin

structure

2.2 Explain the function of

skin to the body

Explain animal skin

structure

List the different

function enumerate the

Diagram of

animal skin

structure

Identify the major skin

components and draw

skin structure.

Illustrate the diagram of

skin structure

Level

diagram of

skin

structure

Slides

237


component (layers) of the

skin and their importance in

leather production.

2.4 list the various

Biochemical components of

the skin and their proportions

e.g. water 60-65%, protein

33% etc.

important of these

components in leather

production.

Explain the 3layers of

epidermis, dermis and

hypodermis state which

component is used for

leather manufacture

Explain protein as the

main leather making

material

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Know the general layout of Abattoir, slaughter slab, various equipment, tools and their uses.

3.1 Define abattoir and

slaughter slab


Abattoir and slaughter slab

3.3 Describe an abattoir

3.4 mention the equipment

and tools in abattoir

3.5 Describe slaughter slab

Explain the function of

abattoir and slaughter

slab.

Distinguish between

Abattoir and slaughter

slab and their tools.

State the layout of

modern abattoir

List and describe the

equipment and tools in

abattoir

Abattoir and

slaughter slab

Equipment and

tools

Identify the following

• Abattoir

• Slaughter slab

• Equipment and

tools used in

Abattoir and

Slaughter slab

Visit Abattoir and

Slaughter slab

Abattoir

Slaughter

slab

Cutting

equipment

and tools.

238

3.6 Mention tools for flaying

in slaughter slab

List and describe the

equipment in slaughter

slab.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 4.0 Slaughter procedures.

4.1 Explain slaughter

procedures.

4.2 Mention the importance

of proper bleeding

4.3 State the implication of

dragging the animal or

carcass on the floor of the

slab

State slaughter

procedures.

Explain the important

of proper bleeding to

the quality of resultant

skin

Explain the implication

of dragging the animal

or carcass to the quality

resultant skin.

Abattoir and

slaughter slab

Equipment and

tools

Identify the procedure

for proper slaughter.

Carryout Slaughtering

Demonstrate

Slaughtering process

Abattoir

and

slaughter

slab

Equipment

and tools

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 5.0 Know flaying procedure, equipment and tools for flaying.

5.1 Define flaying

5.2 List equipment and tools

for flaying


flaying on quality of the

resultant hide and skin

5.4 Mention throwing and

how it affects.

5.5 Mention the difference

methods of flaying e.g hand

flaying, mechanical or flaying

mechanism

State the definition of

flaying

Describe flaying and

how it affect the quality

of the resultant hide

and skin

Describe throwing and

explain how shape

affect the quality of

hide and skin


between methods with

their advantages and

disadvantages

Abattoir

Slaughter

Slab

Approved

pattern

Live

Animals

Identify different

methods of flaying.

Identify tools and

equipment for flaying

Flay an animal

Identify approved

pattern

Weigh, wash and mark

hide and skin after

flaying

Illustrate different

methods of flaying for

large and small

ruminants

Guide students to

identify tools and

equipment

Identify possible defects

that can arise from fault

flaying.

Show approve pattern to

students

Abattoir

Slaughter

slab.

Approved

pattern of

flaying hide

and skin.

Approval

pattern

239

5.6 State the differences in

flaying large animal and

small ruminants.

5.7 Explain air inflation

methods manual using

mouth, pump or can presser

5.8 Mention butchers as a

main producer of hide and

skin

5.9 Mention equipment and

tools for flaying

5.10 Describe approved

pattern of flaying

5.11 State possible damages

that can be inflicted during

flaying


weighing, washing and

marking of hide and skin after

flaying.

Describe how large

animal and small

ruminants, reptile and

other animal are flayed.

Enumerate the

differences in

employing this

methods with their

advantages and

disadvantages

Explain the role of

butcher in hide and ski

n production

State the tools and

equipment used

Explain the importance

of approve pattern and

state how it can affect

the quality of resultant

hide and skin

List the damages that

can occur during

flaying

Explain the importance

of weighing, washing

and marking of hide

and skin after flaying.

Guide students to weigh,

wash and mark

Weighing

Balance

Washing

utensils

Stencils

240

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL

IN HIDES AND SKIN

MODULE: CHS 13: SELECTION, GRADING STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF HIDES

AND SKIN

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: 240 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of selecting

Grading storing and transporting Hides and Skins.

General Objectives:

On completion of this module, the student should be able to:

1.0 Know proper ways of selecting and grading Hides and Skins

2.0 Know proper ways of storing Hide and Skins

3.0 Know proper ways of transporting Hide and Skins

241

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE& ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER

MANUFACTURE

Course: SELECTION, GRADING STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION

OF HIDES AND SKIN

Course Code: CHS 13 Contact Hours: 240


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of selecting, grading, storing and transporting

Hides and Skins

General Objective 1.0: Know proper ways of selecting and grading Hides and Skins

Year:1

Term:1


Week

Specific Learning

Outcome


Outcome


1.1 Define selection

and grading

1.2 List guide lines

for selection and

grading of Hide

and Skins.

1.3 Explain the

assortment of

Hides and Skins.

1.4 List various Hides

and Skins

constitution

Explain selection and

grading

State the guidelines

Describe the assortment

by size, by weight etc.

State the constitutions

Explain with their

causes

Hides and Skins

Identification of

defects selection

and grading

according to

quality

Guide in

identification of

touts and defect

Guide in selection

and grading

Hides and

Skins

242

1.5 Mention defects

that leads to low

grade and rejects

1.6 Explain the

following selection

methods first clear,

second clear Rejects.

1.7 Explain grading

method for grade

1,grade 2,grade 3 and

Rejects

Explain the causes of

the defects. e.g. poor

pattern (shape) Grain

defects, flying defects

(sources and causes)

Branding and tick,

warble etc.

Describe the methods of

selections following

first clear second clear

and Reject.

Describe the method of

grading

grade1,grade2,grade3

and Reject

Hides and Skins

Identify the

defects

Carryout selection

and grading of

hides and skins

using the

following

methods.

Visual inspection

visual first clear,

second clear and

reject

Guide the

identification

Guide selection and

grading

Hides and

Skins

canteen

Hides and

Skins

Visit Hides

and Skins

canteen

General Objective 2.0: Know the proper way of storing hide and skins

2.1 State a proper

Hide and Skins store.

2.2 State proper ways

of storing Hide and

Skins

Describe Hide and

Skins store i.e.

ventilated free

Rodent free

Insect free etc

Explain storing of Hide

and Skins on wooden

Hide and Skin

store

Lay and pile hide

and skin on

wooden pallets

Guide students to

Lay and pile hide

and skins

Hide and

skin store

243

2.3 State the effect of

heat, leaking roof

etc

2.4 Explain the

defects caused by

Improper

curing and

preservation of

Hides and Skins

during storage

pallets, moderate piles,

low temperature and

low humidity etc.

List causes of defects in

Hide and Skins stores

e.g. insects

mould/bacteria, rodents

etc

Spray the required

preservatives and

insecticides

Guide students to

spray preservatives

and insecticides

Preservatives

and

Insecticides

General Objective 3.0: Know the proper way of transporting hide and skins

3.1 Describe proper

handling of hides

and skins.

3.2 Explain possible

damages that can

occur during

transportation of

hide and skins

3.3 State possible

contaminants during

transportation of

hide and skins

State the manner of

laying and piling of hide

and skins in transit

List the possible defects

e.g. bruises, holes etc

List the possible

contaminants.

Hides and skins

Lay and pile hide

and skin into a

vehicle

Evacuate hides

and skins from

vehicle

Guide in laying and

piling and

evacuating

Vehicle

Hides

Skins

244

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKINS PRODUCTION

MODULE: CHS 14 REGULATION GOVERNING HIDE AND SKINS TRADE

PRE-REQUISITE:

DURATION: HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of regulation

governing Hides and Skins Trade.

General Objectives:


1.0 Know the format and interpretation of official Hides and Skin Regulation in Nigeria

2.0 Know the trade characteristics and marketing channels

245

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE & ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN HIDE AND SKIN

PRODUCTION

Course: REGULATION GOVERNING HIDE AND SKIN TRADE Course Code: CHS 14 Contact Hours: 240


GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with the basic knowledge of regulation governing Hides and Skins Trade.

General Objective 1.0: Know the format and interpretation of official Hides/Skin Regulation in Nigeria Year:1

Term:1


Week


Outcome


1.1 List the terms used in

Hide/Skin Regulation

1.2 Define the term used in

Hide/Skin Regulation of

Hides/Skin

1.3 Give brief historical

background of Hide/Skin

ordinance

1.4 Describe registered market

1.5 List criteria used in

registration of

Health/Safety market

1.6 Define Inspector

1.7 List duties of Hides/Skin

Inspector

• Mention the

terms in the

regulation

• State the

definitions of

terms in the

regulation

• Briefly state the

history of the

Hides/Skin

ordinance

• Mention example

of registered

market

• State the

requirements for

registration.

• Explain the

consequences of

defaulting the

- Hide and

Skins

Ordinance

1958

- Reviewed

Hide and

Skins Rules

and

Regulations

246

1.8 State the powers of control

of Hide/Skins Inspector

e.g. seizure arrest, etc.

1.9 State restriction on

purchase and restrictions

on sale

1.10 Describe improper

treatment of Hide/Skins.

1.11 Define buyer’s License

1.12 List guideline for

issuance of buyers License

1.13 State the licensed

buyer’s obligations

provision of the

regulations.

General Objective 2.0:Know the Trade Characteristics and Marketing Channels Week


Outcome


2.1 State historical background

of trade in Hide/Skins Tin

Nigeria

2.2 State selling, pricing

procedure noting the

choice of middlemen and

its disadvantages

2.3 Explain bulk buying, its

causes and disadvantages

2.4 Describe typical

distribution channel in

Nigeria

3.0 Explain the

selling and

pricing

procedures

4.0 List the

disadvantages of

middlemen

5.0 State and list the

disadvantages

6.0 State the

distribution

channels

Visit a typical Hide

and Skins canteen

Guide tour of Hide and

Skins Canteen • Hide and

Skins

Canteen

247

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR HIDES AND SKIN PRODUCTION

1. Weighing Scale

2. Beams

3. Fleshing Knives

4. Trimming Knives

5. Flaying Knives

6. Salting Stabs

7. Wooden Pallets

8. Spray gum

9. Compressor

10. Measuring Tape

11. Wooden/Plastic Horse

12. Drying Shed

248

ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL

CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS

MANUFACTURE

249

PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS

MANUFACTURE

MODULE: CLG 22 BAG MAKING

PREREQUISTE: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS

MANUFACTURE

DURATION: 300 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills

to make bags and related products.

General Objectives:


1.0 Acquire a basic understanding of bag designing.

2.0 Understand the methods of testing materials.

3.0 Know machines in general use in leather bag making.

4.0 Understand the techniques for specialized cutting and skiving.

5.0 Acquire specialized skills in the use of sewing machines, guides and gadgets and their maintenance.

250

PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS MANUCTURE

COURS: Bag Making COURSE CODE: CLG 22 CREDIT HOURS: 120 Contact Hours: 300

YEAR: SEMESTER PRE: REQUISITE NIL

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills to make bags and related products.

General Objective 1.0: Acquire a basic understanding of bag designing. Week


objectives


Bag Designing

1.1 Analyse design for

the appreciation of

function, appearance

and economic

production.

1.2 Explain the

influence on design

of social habits,

fashion, seasons,

selling price levels,

marketing,

advertising and

consumer research.

1.3 Explain effects and

limitations of

material selection

and components

Explain design

analysis for the

appreciation of

function, appearance

and economic

production

Discuss the influence

on design of social

habits, fashion,

seasons, selling price

levels, marketing,

advertising and

consumer research.

State the effects and

limitations of material

selection and

components upon

constructional supply.

Marker

Board

Project

Carryout design

illustrations and

presentations.

Carry out design

analysis and

specifications.

Make permanent

patterns for hand

bags, including

handles of varying

design, shape and

construction, flap

over and framed

gusseted purse

construction of

varying design; flap

over and framed face

edge hand bags; and

flap over and framed

turned hand bags of

Guide students to carry

out the tasks

Various

designs of

bags and

related

products

251

upon constructional

supply.

1.4 Describe the

relationship of

aesthetic appeal of

size, proportion and

shape; colour,

harmony, contrast,

weight and balance.

1.5 Explain design

illustrations and

presentations.

1.6 Explain design

analysis and

specifications.

1.7 Explain permanent

patterns for hand

bags, including

handles of varying

design, shape and

construction, flap

over and framed

gusseted purse

construction of

varying design; flap

over and framed

face edge hand

bags; and flap over

Explain the

relationship of

aesthetic appeal of

size, proportion and

shape; colour,

harmony, contrast,

weight and balance

Describe design

illustrations and

presentations, analysis

and specifications

Describe permanent

patterns for hand bags

varying design and

gusset arrangement.

252

and framed turned

hand bags of

varying design and

gusset arrangement.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 2.0Understand the methods of testing materials

Material Testing

2.1 List the

equipment and

chemicals used

in the testing of

main materials

used in leather

goods

manufacture.

2.2 Explain physical

and chemical

testing of main

material used in

a leather good

manufacture.

State the equipment

and chemicals used in

the testing of main

materials used in

leather goods

manufacture.

Describe physical and

chemical testing of

main material used in

a leather good

manufacture

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify the

equipment and

chemicals used in the

testing of main

materials used in

leather goods

manufacture.

Carry out physical

and chemical testing

of main material used

in a leather good

manufacture.

Show students the

equipment and

chemicals used in

testing materials for

leather goods

manufacture.

Guide the physical and

chemical testing of

main material used in a

leather good

manufacture.

Equipment

and

chemicals

used in

testing

materials

for leather

goods

manufactur

e

253

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0 Know machines in general use in leather bag making.

Machines for leather Bags

making

1.1 List all machines

, equipment and

tools used in

leather bag

industry:-

for mechanical

handling,;

processing;

control;

1.2 List the machine

and equipment

requirements for

flow line or

batch

production.

1.3 Explain the basic

principles of

servo machines.

State all machines ,

equipment and tools

used in leather bag

industry

State the machine and

equipment

requirements for flow

line or batch

production

Discuss the basic

principles of servo

machines

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify all machines

, equipment and tools

used in leather bag

industry:-

for mechanical

handling,; processing;

control;

Identify the machine

and equipment

requirements for flow

line or batch

production.

Plan for adequate

lighting, ventilation,

air conditioning and

dust extraction in a

factory workshop.

Show the machines ,

equipment and tools

used in leather bag

industry and their

requirements

Show the planning

stages for adequate

lighting, ventilation,

air conditioning and

dust extraction.

machines ,

equipment

and tools

used in

leather bag

industry

Fire

extinguish

ers

Fire

beaters

Goggles

Fire boots

Fire

protective

clothing

Helment

254

1.4 Explain the

importance of

heat in leather

industry.

1.5 Explain

viscosity.

1.6 Apply the

knowledge of

viscosity in

choosing

lubricants for

machines.

1.7 Differentiate

between

hydraulic and

pneumatic

pressure.

1.8 Explain the

importance of

adequate

lighting,

ventilation, air

conditioning and

dust extraction in

a factory and

plan for these

facilities in

workshop.

State the importance

of heat in leather

industry.

Discuss viscosity and its

application in choosing

lubricants for

machines.


between hydraulic

and pneumatic

pressure

Discuss the

importance of

adequate lighting,

ventilation, air

conditioning and dust

extraction in a factory

and plan for these

facilities in

workshop.

Identify common

causes of fire

Demonstrate

extinction of fire of

all classes.

Show common causes

of fire

Demonstrate the

process of fire

extinguishing in a

factory

255

1.9 List common

causes of fire

and state

precautions

against fire

outbreak.

1.10 Explain the

basic principles

of fire

extinction.

1.11 Describe

extinction of fire

of all classes.

1.12 Explain the

factory Act

concerning the

safety and

working

conditions in

leather goods

industry.

State common causes

of fire and

precautions against

fire outbreak.

Discuss the basic

principles of fire

extinction.

Explain extinction of

fire of all classes

Discuss the factory

Act concerning the

safety and working

conditions in leather

goods industry.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 4.0Understand the techniques for specialized cutting and skiving.

1.1 Explain the

grading method

for leather.

1.2 Explain the

costing method

for leather and

other related

materials.

Describe the grading

method for leather.

Describe the costing

method for leather

and other related

materials.

Marker

Board

Projector

Identify the

techniques for cutting

reptiles, artificial

grained leather,

patterned fabrics,

plastics, brocades

reinforcements and

Demonstrate the

cutting techniques and

guide the cutting of the

items by hand or

machine

Leather

cutting

tools

Skiving and

256

1.3 Explain the

techniques for

cutting reptiles,

artificial grained

leather, patterned

fabrics, plastics,

brocades

reinforcements

and leather for

all types of

articles.

1.4 Describe cutting

the items named

in 4.3 above

by hand;

by machine;

1.5 Describe

machine skiving

and splitting.

Describe the

techniques for cutting

reptiles, artificial

grained leather,

patterned fabrics,

plastics, brocades

reinforcements and

leather for all types of

articles.

Explain machine

skiving and splitting

leather for all types of

articles.

Cut the items named

in 4.3 above:

by hand; by

machine.

Carryout machine

skiving and splitting.

Show machine skiving

and splitting

splitting

machines

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 5.0 Acquire specialized skills in the use of sewing machines, guides and gadgets and their maintenance.

Use of Sewing Machines,

Guides and Gadget.

5.1 Explain machine

position

machines for

maximum

lighting and

work flow.

Describe machine

positioning for

maximum lighting

and work flow.

Explain factors of

work limitations of

machines.

Marker

Board

Projector

Position machines for

maximum lighting

and work flow.

Use guides and

mechanical aids for

machine stitching and

thread lubrication.

Show the processes of

positioning machines,

using guides and

mechanical aids for


thread lubrication

Sewing

Machines,

Guides and

Gadget

257

5.2 State factors of

work limitations

of machines.

5.3 Explain the use

of guides and

mechanical aids

for machine

stitching and

thread

lubrication.

5.4 Explain work

handling,

manipulation

and organization

for the

promotion of

machining

continuity.

5.5 Explain finished

products for

defects.

Describe the use of

guides and

mechanical aids for


thread lubrication.

Outline work handling

manipulation and

organization for the

promotion of

machining continuity

Describe finished

products for defects.

Organize work

handling,

manipulation and

organization for the

promotion of

machining continuity.

Inspect finished

products for defects.

Demonstrate work

handling, manipulation

and organization for

the promotion of

machining continuity

Guide the inspection of

finished products to

detect defects

Finished

products

258

ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL


259

PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR

MANUFACTURE

MODULE: CFM 22 ADVANCES IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

PRE-REQUISITE: NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANAUFACTURE

DURATION: 300 HOURS

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills in

the manufacture of footwear.

General Objectives:


1.0 Acquire a broad understanding of the materials – their properties, availability and uses in the footwear industry.

2.0 Understand in-depth the theory and practice of pattern cutting

3.0 Understand the theory and practice of all operation in the footwear upper departments.

4.0 Understand the in-depth theory and practice of all operations in the bottoming departments

5.0 Understand Finishing and Shoe-Rooming

260

PROGRAMME: ADVANCED NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE

Course: ADVANCES IN FOOTWEAR MANUFACTURE Course Code: CFM 22 Contact Hours: 300

Course Specification: Knowledge Requirement

GOAL: This module is designed to provide the trainee with specialized knowledge and skills in the manufacture of footwear.

General Objective 1.0: Acquire a broad understanding of the materials – their properties, availability and uses in the footwear

industry. Year:1

Term:1


Week


Outcome


Materials

1.1 Explain the influence of

raw materials on defects,

quality variation and

properties of finished

upper and bottom leathers

1.2 Describe the various types

of upper and lining leather

and determine their

suitability for shoe making

purposes

1.3 List factors affecting price

value, grades and

substance of upper and

bottom leather

1.4 Sort leathers into various

grades

1.5 Explain the nature,

properties and uses of

different types of cleaners,

• Discuss the

influence of raw

materials

• Explain the

various upper and

lining leather

• Explain the

factors that affect

the price, value,

grade and

substance

• State different

types of cleaners,

finishing and

staining materials

- Defect

leathers

- Nitrocellulose

- Thinner

- Burnishing

Materials

• Sort leather into

various grades

and sections

• Applying the

knowledge in

1.8 and 1.9 in

choosing

abrasive for

work/wire brush

• Use the cleaners

and polishes

•

• Guide the process

of sorting leathers

into various grades

• Apply the

knowledge in 1.8

and 1.9 in

choosing abrasive

for work for Grid

• Demonstrate the

use of the cleaners

- Leather/

Materials/

Mannuals

- Cleaners

- Dressings

- Finishes

- Inks

- Stains

- Nitrocellul

ose

- Thinner

- Burnishing

- materials

261

dressings, finishes, inks

and stains in leather goods

1.6 State the factors affecting

leather selection and

suitability for different

shoe making purposes

1.7 Explain the properties

production, and processing

for shoe making purposes

of:-

(i) rubber of all types

both natural and

man made, solid

or expanded

(ii) Plastics and

polymeric

materials for

moulded bottom

units and for

injection moulding

1.8 Outline the production of

stiffeners, puffs, shanks,

heels and bottom units.

1.9 Explain the properties of

different forms of

abrasives for use in shoe

making process


structure, hardness, grain,

size, nature of coating and

• Explain the

factors affecting

leather selection.

• Describe the

properties

production and

processing for

shoe making

• Describe the

stiffeners and toe

puff

• State the

properties of

different forms of

abrasives

• Discuss the

effects of

structure,

hardness, grain,

- Thinner NC

Finish, Dyes

and pigments.

- The Grid and

different

types and size

of abrasive

• Explain rubber

latex for

temporary

attachment

• Produce

stiffeners, puffs,

shank, heels and

bottom units.

Thinner and

Nitrocellulose

Latex and

crape, etc.

Leather board,

soles, iron

262

bonding and the influence

of these factors on the

selection and use of

abrasives

1.11 Apply the knowledge in

1.9 and 1.10 in choosing

abrasive for work

1.12 Explain the basic principle

of abrasive production,

transmission and

conversion into thrust as

applicable to shoe

machinery

1.13 State the advantages and

disadvantages of abrasives

compared with purely

mechanical system

1.14 Describe in outline the

basic mechanical

principles and devices as

used in shoe machinery

1.15 Explain adhesion and state

possible reasons for failure

of an adhesive joint


separating techniques and

machine adjustments in

relation to bond strength

and permanence

size, nature of

quoting and

bonding.

• Discuss the basic

principles of

abrasive

production,

transmission and

conversion into

trust

• Explain the

advantages and

disadvantages of

abrasives

• Explain the basic

mechanical

principles and

devices as use in

shoe making

• Describe

adhesion and

failure for an

adhesive joint

• State the

importance of

separating

techniques.

- Paper and

Fabric coat

abrasives

263

General Objective 2.0:Understand in-depth the theory and practice of pattern cutting Week


Outcome


Pattern Cutting

2.1 Explain the shape,

separating techniques and

machine adjustments in

relation to bond strength

and permanence

2.2 Explain the responsibilities

of pattern cutter in relation

to foot health and comfort

2.3 Select last for various

construction and different

purposes

2.4 Explain methods of

producing uppers patterns

for all types of footwear

and use the common

methods to produce uppers

for all types of footwear

2.5 Describe the modification

of design and patterns for

purposes of economy

and/or suitability of

materials

Describe the shapes

separating techniques

and machine

adjustments in

relation to bond

strength

and permanence

• State the

responsibilities of

the pattern cutter

• Describe method

of producing

upper pattern

• Explain the

modification of

designs for

purposes of

economy and

suitability of

materials

• State the effect

on pattern cutting

of man-made

materials

Marker board

Projector • Select last for

various

construction and

different

purposes

• Produce pattern

for bottoming

components

• Identify

essential

machinery for

cutting and

preparation of

outsole, insole

and

other bottoming

components.

• Tack, stich and

cement and

demonstrate

other methods

of lasting and

attaching.

• Illustrate the inter-

locking ability of

patterns in relation

to material layout

• Use markers, jigs,

dies and guides in

closing.

• Demonstrate

caster and direct

cutting of bottom

materials and the

importance of

inter-locking of

patterns

• Guide the processes

264

2.6 Explain the effect on

pattern cutting of man-

made materials


grading and

standardization in the

making of pattern for jig

and knife

2.8 Produce pattern for

bottoming components

2.9 Explain the effects and

uses of heat and humidity

in shoe manufacturing

processes

2.10 Explain the influence

of these factors (heat and

humidity) on shoe

materials and processes in

so far as they affect the

work of the pattern cutters

2.11 Illustrate the inter-

locking ability of patterns

in relation to material

layout


of tightness, stretch,

quality and substance in

hand and machine cutting.

• Describe the

process of

grading and

standardization

on the patterns

• Discuss the

effects and uses

of heat and

humidity in shoe

manufacture

• Discuss the

influence of heat

and humidity on

shoe materials

• State the

importance of

tight.

• Describe other

group and size

making methods

• State the

requirements for

pattern

allowances

• Explain the

equipment for

upper decoration

• Fit uppers,

soles, heels and

bottom units

• Use markers,

jigs, dyes and

guides in

closing.

• Illustrate types of

heel and explain

their effects on

pattern


Cutting, M/C

and Leather

265

2.13 Explain the use

markers, jigs, dyes and

guides in closing.

2.14 Explain other group

and size marking methods

2.15 Explain the

requirements of different

types of machines using

them in preparation,

machining and finishing of

upper in relation to pattern

allowances.

2.16 List and use the

equipment for upper

decoration e.g

stitching,

bows,

buckles and

eyelets.

2.17 Explain and follow the

sequence of operation in

making of uppers

2.18 Demonstrate caster and

direct cutting of bottom

materials and the

importance of inter-locking

of patterns

2.19 Describe the essential

machinery for cutting and

preparation of outsole,

• State the

sequence of

operation in

making of uppers


fit, stiffeners and

puffs

• Explain the

advantages of

Premolding and

foaming

• Explain the

sequence of shoe

room operation

• Explain

operations in

relation to pattern

cutting

• Discuss the

classification on

higher level.

- Identify the

equipment for

upper decoration

of stitching

bows, etc

Use the

equipment

above


Soles and

insole

266

insoles and other


2.20 Tack, stich and cement

and demonstrate other

methods of lasting and

attaching.

2.21 Fit uppers, soles, heels

and bottom units

2.22 List types of fit

stiffeners and puffs

2.23 State the advantages of

pre moulding and foaming

in making uppers and

insole

2.24 Illustrate types of heel

and explain their effects on

pattern

2.25 Describe in sequence

shoe room operation

2.26 List individual

operations in relation to

pattern cutting e.g. panel

trimming effect on pattern

cutting of man-made

materials

2.27 Explain the

classification of leather as

- Identify

essential

machinery for

cutting and

preparation of

out sole in sole

and the

components

Use essential

machineries for

the above

- Identify fits,

stiffeners and

puffs

- Track, Stitch

and cement shoe

sole

- Fit uppers,

soles, heels and

bottom units

267

soft, hard etc. and explain

the choice of a particular

types of leather for a

particular product.

works industry.

General Objective 3.0:Understand theory and practice of all operation in the upper departments

Week


Outcome


Upper Department

3.1 Explain departmental

workflow, work transport

and process control in

upper making

3.2 Illustrate last sizes and

ranges and charts

3.3 Explain pattern

interchanges in upper

making

3.4 Explain different methods

of guide marking for upper

assembly

3.5 Explain upper materials

and give example of upper

specifications

3.6 Apply system of layout on

all types of materials and

• Describe

departmental

workflow, work

transport

and process

control in

upper making

• Describe the

application of

multi-luckiness

cutting

• State the

machines and

equipment

• Explain faults in

closing and their

effects on

subsequence

departments

• Explain the

operational

sequence

Marker board

Projector

• Identify pattern

interchanges in

upper making

• Identify

machines and

equipment used

for wide range

of footwear

produced from a

wide variety of

materials

• Illustrate last sizes

and ranges and

charts

• Demonstrates

different methods

of guide marking

for upper

assembly

• Identify upper

materials and give

example of upper

specifications

• Apply system of

layout on all types

of materials and

for all systems of

cutting by hand,

machine or

automatic

equipment

Various Lasts

268

for all systems of cutting

by hand, machine or

automatic equipment

3.7 Explain and apply multi-

luckiness cutting

3.8 Explain marking of cut

section

3.9 Check quality in the

cutting department e.g. for

tightens ,stretch, quality

substance, flexibility

3.10 List machines and

equipment used for a wide

range of footwear

produced from a wide

variety of materials

3.11 Describe edge and

decorative treatments

3.12 List faults in closing and

explain their effects on

subsequent departments

3.13 Describe and apply the

operational sequence for a

varied range of footwear

with loose, fixed or

laminated linings

3.14 Explain and apply the

• Describe the

application of

fitting methods in

upper making

• State the effect of

pulling and

lasting on close

uppers

• Explain the

effects of faults

in cutting and

closing on the

lasting

department

• State the

equipment and

materials

• Describe the

application of

Identify upper

materials

Identify marking

of cut section

• Pull and last the

uppers

• Carryout edge

and

decorative

treatments

• Identify the

equipment and

materials

• Identify marking

of cut section

• Check quality in

the cutting

department e.g. for

tightens ,stretch,

quality substance,

flexibility

• Carryout edge and

decorative

treatments

• Repair damaged

finished product

with appropriate

materials

• Inspect finished

product for defects

• Pack box and label

269

fitting methods in upper

making

3.15 Explain defective uppers


drafting and lasting on

seam and close upper

construction


drafting and lasting on

seam and upper

construction

3.18 List the equipment and

name the materials used

in the shoe room for all

types of shoe

3.19 Describe different types

of socks and socks design

and state their uses

3.20 Explain the repair

damaged finished product

with appropriate materials

3.21 Outline, inspect procedure

of finished product for

defects

3.22 Pack box and table

fitting methods in

upper making

• Describe

defective uppers

and effect of

drafting and

lasting

• Describe the

effect of drafting

and lasting

• State the

equipment used

in the shoe room


socks design and

uses

• Describe the

repair process

• Carryout upper

making applying

fitting methods

• Identify

defective uppers

• Pull the toes and

the upper to

check effect of

drafting and

lasting

• Draft and last

uppers

• Operate

equipment in

shoe room

• Identify

different types

of socks and

socks design

• Repair damage

finished product

with appropriate

materials

270

• Inspect finished

product for

defect

• Pack box and

table

General Objective 4.0:Understand the depth the theory and practice of all operations in the bottoming departments

Week


Outcome


Bottoming Department

4.1 Explain the relationship

between kest shape and

dimensions, and

components, equipment

and machine settings

4.2 Explain work flow, work

transport and process

control in bottoming

departments.

4.3 State lasting and other

allowances required in

pattern cutting for a

different methods of

construction and types of

lasting equipment


substance and elasticity on

lasting/sewing.

4.5 List and correct faults in

closing which may affect

the lasting department

• State the

relationship

between kest

shape and

dimensions, and

components,

equipment

and machine

settings

• Describe work

flow and work

transport

• Outline lasting

and often

allowances


substances and

elasticity on

lasting/sewing

Marker board

Projector

Guide the following

Processes

• Operate all

automatic and

semi-automatic

machinery used in

cutting and

preparation of

bottom stock

• Use equipment for

cutting and

preparation of

bottoming

components.

• Operate all

machinery

generally used for

lasting and for

attaching a variety

of upper materials

and common

styles.

• Fit soles, heels and

bottom units

271

4.6 Identify bottom materials

and give example of

bottom specifications.

4.7 describe defects in

Materials

4.8 List all automatic

machinery used in cutting

and preparation of bottom

stock

4.9 List equipment for

cutting and preparation of


4.10 List in correct sequence

the system of drafting and

lasting (back part or fore

part)

4.11 Explain the effect of heat

and moisture on materials

prior to and after lasting.

4.12 List all machinery

generally used for lasting

and for attaching a variety

of upper materials and

common styles

4.13 List the various methods

of Sole attachment

4.14 Explain the moulding

systems by direct and

• Outline faults and

their corrections

• Explain defects

in materials

• State all

automatic

machinery use in

cutting and

preparation

• State equipment

for cutting and

preparation

• Outline in correct

sequence the

system of

drafting


heat and moisture

prior to and after

lasting

• Outline the

various methods

of sole

attachment

• Describe the

moulding process

-

- Operate

automatic

machinery used

in cutting and

preparation of

bottom sole

- Use equipment

for cutting and

preparation of

bottoming

components

- Operate

machinery used

for lasting and

for attaching

- Apply the

various methods

of sole

attachment

- Fit soles, heels

and bottom units

• Apply adhesives

used in the

bottoming

department by

using correct

method.

• Carryout pre-

finishing

operations

including bottom

stock preparations

by automatic and

semi-automatic

systems.

• Prepare and treat

heels prior to

fitting

• Apply edge and

bottom finishes

• Identify bottom

materials

• Identify defects on

materials

Beam process

Twin beam

press soles

272

injection methods using

granular, solid or liquid

materials

4.15 Fit soles, heels and bottom

units

4.16 List adhesives used in the

bottoming department by

using correct method.

4.17 Compare traditional

finishing with finishing

using semi-automatic

equipment.

4.18 Explain pre-finishing

operations including

bottom stock preparations

by automatic and semi-

automatic systems.

4.19 Explain and treat heels

prior to fitting.

4.20 List types and shapes of

accessories e.g.

- Knives

- Cutters

- Stones

- Abrasives

- For different types of

edges.

• Differentiate

between

traditional

finishing with

facility using

semi-automatic

equipment

• Describe pre-

finishing

operations

• Describe heels

treatment prior to

fitting

• State the types

and shapes of the

accessories

• Describe the

application

- Apply abrasive

by using correct

method

- Carry out the

finishing

operations

- Prepare and

treat heels prior

to fitting

- Apply edge and

bottom finishes

in sole

Soles and heels

Finishing

machine

273

4.21 Explain the application of

edge and bottom finishes

in sole

General Objective 5.0:Understand Finishing and Shoe-Rooming Week


Outcome


Tools and Equipment for

Shoe Finishing

5.1 Explain the machines,


used for finishing

operations, e.g.

- Trimming machine,

scouring machine,

edge cutters, spraying

gum, spraying booth,

etc.

5.2 Store, care, adjust and


equipment mentioned in

1.1 above



using the machines and

tools mentioned in 1.1

above.

5.4 Explain the function and

working principles of he


above.

• Explain the types

of machines use

in finishing

• Store in cool

place working

machine, pigment

and dyes

• State the safety

procedure

• Describe the

operation

• State the

differences in the

methods

Marker board

Projector

- Operate the tools

and equipment

for finishing the

soles

- Carry out

the storage,

care and

adjustment

- List safety

gadgets

- Carry out

the

operation

(i) Identify

the

machines,

equipment and

hand-tools used

for finishing

operations, e.g.

(ii) Trimming

machine,

scouring

machine,

edge

cutters,

spraying

gum,

spraying

booth, etc.

(iii) Store,

care,

adjust and

maintain

the

machines

and

equipment

mentioned

in 1.1

above

Trimming

Machines

Scouring

machine

Edge cutter

machines

Spraying

machines, etc.

Boat,

Nose cover,

Hand gloves

Eye goggle

274

5.5 Explain the difference

between the two methods

of sole finishing:

(i) finishing the sole

before attaching

(ii) finishing the sole

after attaching,

taking into

consideration the

technical process,

equipment,

advantages,

inconveniences,

etc

5.6 Identify edge trimming

tools according to:

(i) equipment used

(ii) material nature and

thickness

(iii) edge profile

5.7 Explain heel scouring

abrasives according to heel

material and equipment

used


operations:

(i) sole edge trimming

(ii) heel scouring (fine

and supper fine)

(iii) sole heel

assembling (with

nail or adhesive)

(iv) edge inking

• Cleaning and

Spraying

packages

• Explain Heel

scouring sole and

in sole trimming

• Describe

scouring abrasive

according to heel

materials

- Carry out

the

operations

(iv) etc

(v) Identify

edge

trimming

tools

according

to:

(vi) equipment

used

275

(v) last removing

5.9 Identify cleaning materials

e.g. solvent, detergent, etc

5.10 Select cleaning

products in relation to

materials, types of stains or

spots for uppers

5.11 Identify different types

of shoe dressing products

e.g. polish, filler, waxes,

silicones, etc.

5.12 Select dressing

products according to the

nature of the finishing of

the upper materials and the

desired effect

5.13 Perform the following

operations:

(i) cleaning of the

shoe (inside and

outside)

(ii) inserting sock

(iii) repairing shoes

damaged during

making process

(iv) top line treatment

(v) fitting of

ornaments

(vi) dressing of the

shoe by hand

• Thinner

• Thinner and edge

burnishing

materials

• Dyeing machine

finish

• Thinner and Edge

burnishing

materials dyes

and machine

finish

(vii) material

nature and

thickness

(viii) edge

profile

(ix) Explain

heel

scouring

abrasives

according

to heel

material

and

equipment

used

(x) Perform

the

following

operations

:

(xi) sole edge

trimming

(xii) heel

scouring

(fine and

supper

fine)

(xiii) sole heel

assemblin

g (with

nail or

adhesive)

(xiv) edge

inking

276

(vii) dressing of the

shoe by spray gum

(viii) arranging shoes in

pairs and sizes

(ix) final examination

(x) packing

(xv) last

removing

• Identify cleaning

materials e.g.

solvent, detergent,

etc

•

277

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE AND ADVANCED

NATIONAL TECHNICAL CERTIFICATE IN LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURE. 1. Staple gun inside attaching.

2. Back former; OMIC or BU No. 1

3. Forepart Lasting; ASTRA or BU No. 4

4. Basic tack lasting; BU model A

5. Basic cement side lasting; Kamborian.

6. Basic tack seat lasting; BU No. 5

7. Wire brush roughing wheel

8. Sole attacking press; BUCSA or SIGMA

9. Heel nailing; BU 80/c model A

10. Some form of finishing or pre-finishing but this is a matter of local choice.

11. Lasting tacks (lasting pins on which to hold the last when working)

12. Tack (removing) knives

13. Breasting knives

14. Scissors

15. Manchester cutters.

16. Clicking knives.

17. Clicking knives.

278

18. Closars folding hammers.

19. Steel rules

20. Divider

21. Grading M/C for patterns

22. Skving M/C

23. Splitting M/C

24. Stamping M/C

25. Post bed M/C

26. Flat bed M/C for edge and decoration.

27. Zig-Zag M/C for closing back

28. Eyeletting M/C for eyelet attaching

29. Revertting M/C for revetting

30. Modern omic pre-heating M/C for pre-heating of uppers.

31. Schon toe lasting M/C for lasting toe

32. Heat reactivator

33. Schon heel/seat lasting M/C for lasting heel.

34. Heat setter

35. Roughening M/C for roughening lasting part of upper and insole

279

36. Desco pressing M/C for pressing sole with upper

37. Spraying M/C for finishing upper and bottom.

280

MINIMUM LIST OF LEATHER TRADES EQUIPMENT

S/NO ITEMS QUANTITY

REQUIRED

QUANTITY

AVAILABLE

ADDITIONAL

QUANTITY

REQUIRED

1. Staple gun for inside attaching 5 tins

2. Back former; OMIC or BU, No. 1 5

3. Forepart lasting; ASTRA or BU No 4 5

4. Basic tack lasting; BU Model A 5

5. Basic cement side lasting; Kamborain 5

6. Basic tack seat lasting; BU No. 5 5

7. Wire brush roughing wheel 3

8. Sole attacking press; BUCSA or SIGMA 4

9. Heel nailing; BU 80/C Model A 4

10. Some form of finishing or pre-finishing

(but this is a matter of local choice)

11. Lasting tacks (lasting pins on which to

Hold the last when working)

2 packets

12. Tack (Removing) knives 15

281

13. Boasting knives 15

14. Scissors 15

15. Manchester cutters 10

16. Clicking knives 15

17. Clicking boards 15

18. Closars folding hammers 10

19. Steel rules 22

20. Divider 22

21. Grinding machine for patters 3

22. Skiving machine 2

23. Splitting machine 2

24. Stamping machine 2

25. Postbed machine 2

26. Flatbed machine for edge and decoration 2

27. Zig-zag machine for closing back 2

28. Eyeletting machine for eyelet attaching 2

29. Rivetting machine for riveting 2

30. Modern Omic pre-heating machine for 2

282

Pre-heating of uppers

31. Schon toe lasting machine for lasting tow 2

32. Heat reactivator

33. Schon heel seat lasting machine for lasting heel 2

34. Heat setter 2

35. Roughening machine for roughening lasting

part of upper and insole

2

36. Desco pressing machine for pressing sole with

upper

2

37. Spraying machine for finishing upper and

bottom

2

Wet Processes

1. Beams 4

2. Fleshing and unhairing knives 15

3.. Drums 4

4. Vats 4

5. Horses (wooden) 10

6. Plastic basing plastic & Cups (all graduated) 10 each

7. Pits 4

283

8. Hose pipes (4 lengths of 10m each)

9. Avery weighing machine 1

10. Scales 2

11. Fleshing machine 1

12. Unhairing machine 1

13. Splitting machine 1

14. Tan yard 1

15. Seeting machine 1

16. Shaving machine 2

17. Buffing machine 2

18. Staking machine 1

19. Drying chamber 2

20. Toggling frames 4

21. Plating machine with different plates 1

22. Spray gun 2

23. Finishing chamber with exhaust fan 1

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