National Mine Map Repository

Office of Surface MiningReclamation and Enforcement

Paul R Coyle Team Leader/Geologist National Mine Map Repository

The National Mine Map Repository (NMMR) is responsible for

collecting, inventorying, and processing mine maps from across the United States.

1969 - MMR is established by Congress, due to a 1968 mine flooding incident in West Virginia. 1970 - The MMR is placed under DOI (Bureau of Mines). The following regional offices are established:

• Pittsburgh, PA• Wilkes-Barre, PA (anthracite only)• Denver, CO (disbanded 1982)• Spokane, WA (disbanded 1982)• Juneau, AK (disbanded 1982)

1983 - The Pittsburgh and Wilkes-Barre offices are transferred to the Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE) from the Bureau of Mines.1996 - The OSMRE acquires the Denver, and Spokane collections. 1997 - The repository in Pittsburgh is established as the NMMR.2010 – The OSMRE Wilkes-Barre Office is closed, and its Repository is moved to the NMMR Current – The NMMR is maintained only in Pittsburgh, PA.

History – National Mine Map Repository

The NMMR received the whole BOM Pittsburgh mine map repository, the complete repository from Wilkes-Barre perhaps the whole collection from Spokane, only a part of the materials from the Denver repository, and no data from the Juneau office.

With the acquisition of the western mine maps, the Pittsburgh repository expanded its scope of responsibility to a national repository of mine maps.

The Wilkes-Barre Folio Collection was scanned at a higher resolution and color depth at the NMMR and then the collection was transferred to PADEP in Wilkes-Barre

National Mine Map Repository (NMMR) is located at the OSMRE Appalachian Region (AR) office: 3 Parkway Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15220.

Location of OSM National Mine Map Repository:

•160,000 (approximate) maps, both coal and non-coal mines

•Most are east of the Mississippi, but we are working to increase the number of maps from the western states

•Abandoned mines only; no active operations

•Non-coal mine maps include: gold; silver; uranium; iron; feldspar; lead; zinc; tin; and salt mines

Number and Types of Maps

Number of Maps by State*

Top 10 States

States Coal Non-Coal Total States Coal Non-Coal TotalWV 50303 669 50972 ID 0 0 629PA 19091 1328 20419 WY 493 126 619CO 3939 10021 13960 MD 528 34 562MI 437 10382 10819 ME 0 541 541VA 7732 1893 9625 WI 0 504 504MO 7 9240 9247 CT 0 476 476KY 7466 332 7798 NJ 0 456 456NM 245 3357 3602 CA 1 420 421MN 0 3076 3076 AR 360 15 375IL 2409 370 2779 ND 261 111 372IN 2631 29 2660 NH 0 230 230AZ 1 2560 2561 IA 0 141 141OK 213 2111 2324 VT 1 113 114AL 1203 564 1767 MS 0 84 84TN 1090 628 1718 MA 7 52 59NC 8 1593 1601 SC 1 53 54UT 405 838 1243 AK 1 36 37NY 0 1228 1228 DE 0 5 5NV 5 1084 1089 TX 2 2 4MT 22 1018 1040 LA 0 1 1WA 181 675 856 RI 1 0 1OR 9 803 812 FL 0 0 0SD 2 752 754 HI 0 0 0GA 15 728 743 NE 0 0 0KS 369 369 738 99439 59048 159116 Accounts for 83% of all

the Maps in Repository

States Coal Non-Coal TotalWV 50303 669 50972PA 19091 1328 20419CO 3939 10021 13960MI 437 10382 10819VA 7732 1893 9625MO 7 9240 9247KY 7466 332 7798NM 245 3357 3602MN 0 3076 3076IL 2409 370 2779

91629 40668 132297

*As of July, 2013

Some of the information that can be found in the repository includes:

•Mine and Company names

•Mine plans including mains, rooms and pillars, man-ways, shafts, and mine surface openings

•Geological information including: bed name, thickness, and depth, drill-hole data, cross-sections, elevation contours, structures, coal quality data, outcrops, and mineral assay’s

•Property ownership

•Adjacent mines

•Geographical data

•Gas well and drill-hole locations

These mine maps are stored on both microfilm and electronic media, and are irreplaceable.

Hundreds of thousands (if not millions) of other maps exist, but they are widely scattered and at risk of disposal or deterioration with each passing year.

It is imperative that these records are captured and made available to minimize future safety and environmental risks.

Mine Map that is deteriorating rapidly and is on the verge of not being able to be opened or read.

There is currently no National Repository to archive non-coal mine maps, leading to numerous mine maps that might be lost forever.

With the growth of suburbs into previously mined areas, the need for a national archive of maps increases for life-saving, subsidence, and environmental studies.

Non-Coal Mine Maps

Mine Map Archiving

Each mine map or mine map scan is assigned a unique document number. The document number is attached to a data sheet, used to collect information off the map. This number is used to name the scans and is also placed on the aperture card and map scan.

The document number placed on the scan.

Document numbers:

Separated by State and region

000000’s – Anthracite fields of eastern PA300000’s – Maps east of the Mississippi400000’s – Maps west of the Mississippi500000’s – Maps in the northwest corner of the USA600000’s – TN700000’s – KY800000’s – VA 900000’s - WV

Storage of data

1) The NMMR currently has available 500TB of storage

2) Digital storage is backed-up every week

3) Map scans are saved in three places: a) Raw data under the state ID number, if scan was provided by a state or other repository b) Uncompressed Tiff file – saved with our document number in final scans c) A 25% jpeg in final scans d) As microfilm in our archives

4) The map data is then entered into our database.

Why still use aperture cards to archive mine maps?

The change in digital storage and software: 1) 5 ¼ “ floppy disc”: The University of Pittsburgh has only one drive that will read these, unfortunately some word processing software can’t be opened anymore. 2) 3 ½ “ floppy disc”: Try to find one on a new computer 3) CD’s and DVD’s have a limited shelf life ~ 2-3 years 4) In 50 years what’s a TIFF file, CD, or DVD 5) NASA 1970’s Mars Mission 6) Academy of Motion Pictures

A aperture card can always be read with a light source and a flat surface.

NMMR Database

The NMMR uses a Sequel database

Mine map data base information can be queried by:

•Document Number•State, County and Quadrangle•Mine Name•Company Name•Commodity •Lat and Long, UTM, TRS•Cross-reference Number•Area around a Lat/Long point (.5 mile, 1 mile etc.)•Postal Zip Code Area

NMMR Web-Site

http://mmr.osmre.gov/

"Preserving Mine Maps for Future Generations"Welcome to THE NATIONAL MINE MAP REPOSITORY

1) The National Mine Map Repository (NMMR) has recently added the capability for the public to search the database of all mine maps in the collection.

2) This new search capability will permit the public and other customers to directly identify mine maps themselves.

3) Additional search capabilities are planned in the future, including the ability to perform a radius spatial search based on a zip code and lat/longs..

Maps can be located by:StateCountyCompany NameMine Name

About the NMMR NMMR Brochure

NMMR Cooperation with local university in industry - Press Release

Search the NMMR Map Index by State, County, Company, or Mine Name - New!

What Information is Available from the NMMR?

State-of-the-Art Equipment and Services

The History of the NMMR Donating Mine Maps to the Repository

NMMR Links Repository Power Point Presentation

Information on the NMMR found on the web-site

National Mine Map Repository Equipment

State of the art

Before we talk about the equipment, some definitions

DPI – dots per square inch, I like calling it data points per square inch

Black and White – only 2 color choices per data point

Grayscale – either 8 steps between black and white gives you 256 shades of gray

24bit color – 24 color choices per data point – 16.8 million color combos

48bit color – 48 color choices per data point – trillions of color combos

As DPI and Color increase the size of the of the file increases

A map digital file size scanned at 300dpi 24bit color is 4 times smaller then one scanned at 600dpi 48bit color.

Mine Map Scanners

Cruse Table ScannerCS 285/1100 ST/FA, V. 1.1 Table

Size: 60” X 90”Recently Upgrade to a new scanner head, control box and LED lights Scans 4X faster, no warm up time and better resolution, up to 600dpi.

“TOM”

Cruse Table Scanner

CS 285/1100 ST/FA, Table Size 48”X60” up to 600dpi

“Lucy”

Cruse Portal Scanner

600DPI 48Bit Color80”X120” Table

Reduced to 300DPI 24Bit Color

“Gus”

Colortrac Smart GT 56” wide format Mine Map Scanner.

“Mr. Roboto”

Wicks and Wilson Aperture Card Scanners

1) Up to True 400 DPI2) Black & White and

Grayscale3) Great increase in quality4) C-Drives are available to be

loaned

C-Drive

C-250

C-400

Older scans – state of the art of the time, cards could only be scanned at 200dpi B&W . Aperture cards were damaged by being caught in the scanner.

New scans – state of the art now, cards scanned at 300dpi grayscale. Aperture cards are not damaged due to the mechanics of the scanner.

Difference in quality between new and old scanners

Ability to read writing

Ability to read assays

Types of Coal Mining

Retreat mining – mining pillars that were left behind after room and pillar extraction initially are removed, or "pulled", retreating back towards the mine's entrance. After the pillars are removed, the roof is allowed to collapse behind the mining area. Also called drawing and robbing.

Could be called Drawn, Pillard,Robbed or Retreat mining

Whole area marked as robbed no way to know how many if any pillars are left

Auger mining, method for recovering coal by boring into a coal seam at the base of strata exposed by excavation. Augering is usually associated with contour strip mining, recovering coal for a limited depth beyond the point where stripping becomes uneconomical.

Strip Mined

Auger Mined

Mine Entry

Room and Pillar

Robbed?

Coal Thickness and Elevation

Ventilation Entry

Examples of information found on a mine map

PA Second Geological Survey Map - 1882

Examples of data found in the NMMR

Oldest date found on a map

Series of Defense MineralsExploration Administration:

1) Produced by the USGS and BOM2) ~ 1947 – 19553) Feasibility studies4) Strategic minerals5) Consisted of original typed report and mimeographed copies6) The only complete set is at the Spokane office of the USGS7) Were microfilmed in the Denver BOM office

1859 Anthracite Coal Mine Map

Mining during the Civil War

1881 Ohio Coal Mine Map

Property map and workings – Cambria Iron Company, Bedford, CO

2005 Kentucky Coal Mine Map

1954 Nevada Silver, Lead/Zinc Mine Map

Plan to Mine the Meteor in Meteor Crater, AZ

Finally the NMMR is always:

1. Looking for Mine Maps to add to our archives.

2. Willing to aid clients in obtaining mining and geological information