Dr. RIJALDIA N. SANTOSDENR – National Mapping and Resource

Information Authority (NAMRIA)

May 30, 2018

NATIONAL MAPPING EFFORTS:

THE PHILIPPINES

Land Cover/Land Use Changes (LC/LUC) and Its Impacts on Environment in South/Southeast Asia –

International Regional Science MeetingMay 30, 2018 Manila, Philippines

Outline of Presentation

Background Past Initiatives National Forest Resources Inventories National Land Cover Mapping: 2003, 2010, 2015

Current Land Cover Mapping Project (2017-2020) Issues and Concerns Way Forward

Total area: 30M ha

Legal status:

Forestland (FL): 53%

Alienable & Disposable: 47%

Forest cover: 7M ha (23.7%)

Population: 100.98M

Background

Past Initiatives

1st NFRI Project (1969)• aerial photographs (1962-1968)• supported with forest inventory/ground measurement • Bureau of Forestry and CERTEZA Surveying Inc.

2nd NFRI Project (1988)• satellite imageries (Landsat1982-85)• aerial photographs for NE Mindanao taken in 1979 • supported with ground measurement• Bureau of Forest Development with assistance from

GTZ and FAO

Objective: to generate a national forest cover data based on a classification scheme consistent with international standards for global reporting& integration

data source: Landsat7 ETM, 30m res. 21 categories, detailed classification of forest areas visual interpretation started in the last quarter of 2002 preliminary maps were completed within a year no ground validation NAMRIA & FMB collaboration

2003 Land Cover Mapping

INDEX OF

LANDSAT ETM

40 scenes(taken mostly in 2002)

Pacific Ocean

West Philippine

Sea

Land Cover Categories1 Closed forest, broadleaved

2 Closed forest, mixed3 Closed forest, coniferous4 Open forest, broadleaved5 Open forest, mixed6 Open forest, coniferous7 Mangrove forest8 Forest plantation, broadleaved9 Forest plantation, coniferous10 Other wooded land, shrubs11 Other wooded land, fallow12 Other wooded land, wooded grassland13 Other land, natural, barren land14 Other land, natural, grassland15 Other land, natural, marshland16 Other land, cultivated, annual crop17 Other land, cultivated, perennial crop18 Other land, cultivated, pastures19 Other land, fishpond20 Other land, built-up area21 Inland water

STANDARD CLASSIFICATION

based on

FAO-FRA Project

Field Inventory Manual

LEGEND

Other wooded land, wooded grassland

Other land, natural, barren land

Other land, natural, grassland

Other land, natural, marshland

Other land, cultivated, annual crop

Other land, cultivated, perennial crop

Other land, natural, pastures

Other land, fishpond

Other land, built-up area

Inland water

Closed forest, broadleaved

Closed forest, mixed

Closed forest, coniferous

Open forest, broadleaved

Open forest, mixed

Open forest, coniferous

Mangrove forest

Forest plantation, broadleaved

Forest plantation, coniferous

Other wooded land, shrubs

Other wooded land, fallow

2003 LAND COVER MAP

2010 Land Cover Mapping

Data sources: • ALOS AVNIR-2 (10m) : 116 scenes (62%)• SPOT 5 (10m) : 40 scenes (22%)• LANDSAT (30m) : 29 scenes (16%)

14 aggregated categories visual interpretation with ground validation and accuracy assessment

ALOS AVNIR-2

Accuracy Assessmentwas calculated by provinceby overlaying the groundvalidated sample data overthe preliminary map andpresenting the success orfailure of the matches in aConfusion matrix.

Overall accuracy was89%

Accuracy Assessment for 2010 Land Cover Maps

2010 LAND COVER MAP

LEGEND

Annual Crop

Built-up

Open/Barren

Mangrove Forest

Marshland/Swamp

Fishpond

Inland Water

Closed Forest

Open Forest

Shrubs

Wooded Grassland

Grassland

Fallow

Perennial Crop

2015 Land Cover Mapping

Data sources: Landsat 8 (2014 onwards), 30m res Reference data:

Google Earth Topographic maps Ground truth data IFSAR data for coastline

12 aggregated categories digital classification (OBIA eCognition software) with ground validation and accuracy assessment

Landsat 8 Path 114 Row 051 Mosaic

Dates taken: April 1, 2015April 17, 2015May 19, 2015

RESULT OF DIGITAL CLASSIFICATION

PROVINCE OF ALBAY

DIGITAL CLASSIFICATION

PRELIMINARY CLASSIFICATION

Google Earth Image (Dec 2015)NAMRIA Topographic Map

Legend:

METHODOLOGY

Legend:

METHODOLOGY

Ground validation: 10 sample points per class/provinceField information gathered were tabulated indicating actual classification

2015 Land Cover Mapping

After Accuracy Assessment and Editing Validated Land Cover Maps are presented to

DENR regional & provincial officeslocal government units (LGUs)other stakeholders for comments

Final mapping Layout and Printing Publication and Distribution

DENR regional & provincial offices, LGUsuploading to the Philippine Geo-portal (www.geoportal.namria.gov.ph)

Current Land Cover Mapping (2017-2020 cycle)

Data source: Sentinel-2 (2017 onwards), 10m res Reference data:

Google Earth Landsat 7/8 Topographic maps Ground truth data

12 aggregated categories digital classification (OBIA eCognition software) with ground validation and accuracy assessment

Issues and Concerns

High acquisition cost:a. satellite imageries (high resolution & nationwide)b. hardwarec. RS/GIS processing software

Different data sources /resolutions /methodologies for consecutive cycles

Persistent cloud cover in some areas Different data sources with various resolutions, date

of observation, to fill the gaps Absence of official data on administrative boundaries

& total area by province

Issues and Concerns

Effect of different data sources/resolutions and methodologies (visual & digital classification, vector & raster converted to vector outputs) on the over-all accuracy of land cover change analysis

Limitations of available data to meet mapping requirements

Peace and order, security and accessibility concerns

Sustainability of funding support over time

Way Forward

Acquisition of higher resolution imageries atregular intervals

Enhance digital classification proceduresincluding accuracy assessment and land coverchange analysis based on previous cyclelearnings

Collaboration with other institutions in furtherenhancing methodologies and data sharing

Regular updating of land cover data on a 4-5year cycle or less (ie. every 2 year cycle withadditional funding support)

Way Forward

Capacity building for technical staff on digitalclassification, accuracy assessment and landcover change analysis

Use of drones for field validation

On-going initiative: Participatory Land UseMapping Project to capacitate local governmentunits (LGUs) in mapping existing land use andupdating it at a future time. NAMRIA tointegrate and produce a national land use map.Currently on a pilot study in one (1) province.

Conclusion

National mapping efforts provide opportunity toupdate land cover on a regularly on a regular basis.

This updates enable us to monitor and detectsignificant changes in the environment andresources over time, and as input in implementingpolicies and plans to ensure protection andsustainability of resources both on the local andnational levels

Recent and accurate nationwide land cover is anessential requirement in developing the nationalGHG inventory estimates required for country GHGreporting.

Department of Environment and Natural ResourcesNational Mapping and Resource Information Authority

Lawton avenue, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City, PhilippinesWebsite: http://www.namria.gov.ph