NATIONAL INITIATIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - ZANZIBAR

Zanzibar Planning Commission21st OCTOBER, 2013

ZANZIBAR2

Unguja Island Pemba Island

Outline3

Country Profile Planning & Development Framework in Zanzibar 2000 –

2020, The Vision Implementation of Vision 2020 2012 at a glance, Zanzibar in figures ZSGRP I (MKUZA I) ZSGRP II (MKUZA II) MKUZA II Implementation Plan Government Objectives (True North for Zanzibar) Challenges Conclusion

Country Profile 4

Zanzibar consists of two main islands, Unguja and Pemba

Located in the Western Indian Ocean, about 30 km off the East Coast of Africa between latitudes 5 and 7 degrees south of Equator

Zanzibar has a total area of 2,654 sq km , out of this, Unguja has an area of 1,666 sq km and Pemba has an area of 988 sq km.

Population of Zanzibar reach 1,303,568 according to 2012 Population and housing Census from 981,754 2002

Country Profile5

Constitutionally, Zanzibar is one of the two countries that united in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania

Zanzibar has its own government; the Executive, Judicial System and Legislative Assembly

Zanzibar has its own autonomy in its domestics affairs include Economic planning and Management

Administratively the islands are divided into five regions (three in Unguja and two in Pemba) with ten districts (two each).

Planning & Development Framework

in Zanzibar 2000 - 2020

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The Overall Development Objective for Vision 2020

Transform Zanzibar into a middle income country and enable it to eradicate absolute poverty in the society through:

Building a strong and competitive economy; Achieving high quality livelihoods for citizens Improve good governance and the rule of law without

compromising Zanzibar’s rich culture.

By 2020 Zanzibar should have gone through an unprecedented economic transformation and development to achieve middle income status characterized by: High levels of industrialization, Competitiveness, Quality livelihoods,

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Vision 2020: Economic Targets

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Middle-income status. Annual economic growth of 9-10% by

2020. 60% of GDP derived from tourism,

trade, manufacturing and construction.

50% of employment concentrated in tourism sector and free zones and 20% from agricultural sector.

VISION 2020 – SOCIAL TARGETS

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Access to safe water.

Access to basic, high-quality healthcare.

Infant mortality rate of 20 per thousand.

Life expectancy of 65 years.

100% enrolment in primary education (by 2005).

Implementation of the Vision

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THROUGH MEDIUM-TERM STRATEGIES AND PLANS

Zanzibar Poverty Reduction Plan (ZPRP) 2002-2005

The ZPRP involved a strategic selection of priority sectors deemed to have a more direct impact on poverty reduction. Hence these priority sectors (education, water, health, HIV/AIDS, good governance, infrastructure) were allocated more resources relative to other sectors

Implementation of the Vision, cont…

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Zanzibar Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (ZSGRP I) 2007-2010 The ZSGRP I, which is more popularly known

in its Kiswahili acronym, MKUZA I, was adopted to retain and scale up achievements as well as addressing the challenges and weaknesses of the ZPRP.

It was outcome-based and thus it clustered the strategies and interventions around linked goals and outcomes.

Implementation of the Vision, cont…

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Cluster I Growth and Reduction of Income PovertyPrimarily addresses Zanzibar’ s Growth Challenges

Cluster II Social Services and Well BeingAims at improving wellbeing and social services

Cluster III Good Governance and National UnityAims at putting in place an improved governance

systems

ZSGRP II (MKUZA II) 13

Zanzibar Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (ZSGRP II) 2010-2015 The ZSGRP II or MKUZA II was adopted to maintain

and scale up achievements as well as addressing the challenges and weaknesses of the ZSGRP I.

Like ZSGRP, It is outcome-based and thus it clustered the strategies and interventions around linked goals and outcomes to MDG goals.

Both ZSGRPs mainstreamed all crosscutting issues including HIV/AIDS, gender and environment.

The FOCUS includes14

implementation of Growth Strategy by coordinating and linking with other sectors and scale up growth-related interventions

To harness and scale up the Public Private Partnership

Implementation of Core Reforms

MKUZA II 5 years Implementation Plan

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Developed an actionable program/project plan which sequences interventions in a logical manner arising from MKUZA II outcomes, the flagship projects.

Developed and costed the Investment Plan based on priority areas as stipulated in MKUZA II and the Growth Strategy

Ensure actionable program/projects plan strengthen the credibility and consistency of MTEFs in accordance with MKUZA II outcomes

Priority areas……..16

Cluster I: Growth and Reduction of Income Poverty

focus on:- Tourism, Trade, Agriculture, Services

(particularly ICT), and manufacturing/value addition,

Energy, harbours, Roads network, land development (including land use planning) and Water for irrigation

Priority Areas ……….17

Cluster II: Social Welfare and Well-being Focus on:- Provision of quality health, education and water Skills development relevant to the planned

activities of clusters I, II and III. Cluster III: Good Governance, the Rule of Law

and National Unityfocus on:- Filling the gaps in governance and leadership,

particularly reform the way leaders and public servants act at all levels, such that they operate using result-based management approach.

Priority areas……….18

Implementing major reforms like Zanzibar Public Service Reform, Zanzibar Local Government Reform, Zanzibar Legal Sector Reform, etc

Enhancing the tracking of governance indicator .

Building effective governance institutions. Undertaking institutional reforms in the public

services by reforming the way bureaucracy operates and making it more responsive and efficient through nurturing, selection, training and retaining able and dedicated civil servants.

Structure of Prioritization of projects and programs

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a. On going Programs/projectsb. New Programs/projects (Flagship)

flagship projects consist three Categories characterized by:- Their potential for achieving Vision 2020

aspirations; those that are strategic and/or important

pre-requisites for the implementation of other programmes/projects;

readiness of their implementation; and financial availability and cost implications.

Structure of Prioritization of projects and programs..........

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Category I consists of programs and projects with the following attributes:

feasibility Study is Completed, require less pre requisite from other programs/projects; it is critical for economic growth and employment

generation and; have higher chances/potential for being financed. Category II is of those programs and projects with the

following main attributes: they are dependent on the completion of

programs/Projects from other Sectors feasibility Study is under Pre preparation. Category III are those programs and projects, which are

on concept note stage.

Sequencing of Programmes and Projects

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Rank I Infrastructure projects energy, water, roads, ports are ranked highest for

implementationRank II Special Economic Zones (SEZs), which is

crucial not only for increasing production for both domestic markets and for exports, but also to establish synergies among sectors such as agriculture and value addition, tourism and trade.

Improvement in ICT and health infrastructure

Sequencing of Programs and Projects

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Rank III Institutional reform, capacity building, environmental management; etc. Rank IV Remaining programs and projects are

found under all three clusters

REQUIRED FINANCING FOR THE INVESTMENT PLAN- CLUSTER I,II &III23

SUMMARY MKUZAII INVESTMENT BY CLUSTER AND YEAR (US$ 000 )

MKUZAII Cluster 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Total

Cluster I 264,041.62 501,213.10 365,951.27 306,752.77 215,153.07 1,653,111.83

Cluster II 226,634.68 206,799.46 101,773.95 49,633.75 48,144.50 632,986.34

Cluster III 79,444.40 99,030.05 74,047.17 39,220.75 13,420.32 305,162.69

Total MKUZAII 570,120.70 807,042.61 541,772.39 395,607.27 276,717.89 2,591,260.86

Source of financing

A. Conventional/Traditional Sources

Tax collection Non tax collection Foreign Grants and Concessional

Loans Climate Change Financing Mechanism Bolstering Skills Development

Financing

A. Conventional/Traditional Sources

Tax collection Non tax collection Foreign Grants and Concessional

Loans Climate Change Financing Mechanism Bolstering Skills Development

Financing

Source of Financing cont….

B. Non-Conventional Approach Sovereign Borrowing Utilization of Diaspora Regional Arrangement Private Sectors and PPP

B. Non-Conventional Approach Sovereign Borrowing Utilization of Diaspora Regional Arrangement Private Sectors and PPP

2012 at a glanceZanzibar in Figures as of 2011 and

201226

Population 1,303,569

GDP constant price growth rate

6.7% (2011)and 7.0% (2012)

Per capita GDP USD 617 2011, USD 638 2012

Inflation 14.7 % 2011, 9.4% 2012

Tourist Arrivals 175,000 2011, 169,223 2012

Household size 5.5

Net enrolment in primary school

81.4

Literacy rate 82.3

Youth unemployment rate % 17.1

Basic needs poverty % 44.4

Food poverty % 13.04

Life expectancy at birth 60

MDG Goal IndicatorBaseline (1990)

Current status

2015 Target

Progress at a Glance

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

1.1 Proportion of population below($1, PPP) (based on national income poverty line)

61% 44.41% (2010)

30.5%Not achievable

1.1 Proportion of population below($1, PPP) (based on national food poverty line) 25%

13.04% (2010)

12.5%Achievable

1.8 Under-5 Underweight (%) Children underweight (weight-for-age below -2SD) 39.9%

8.1% (2009)

19.9%Achievable

1.8 Under-5 Stunted (%)

47.9%23.1% (2005)

23.8%Achievable

2. Achieve universal primary education

2.1 Net enrolment ratio in primary education (%) 50.9%

81.5% (2010)

100%Achievable probable

2.2 Gross enrolment ratio in primary education (%) 112.1% 100%

Achievable

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MDG Goal IndicatorBaseline (1990)

Current status

2015 Target

Progress at a Glance

3. Promote gender equality and empower women

3.1 Ratio of girls to boys in primary school (%) 0.98 1.01 (2007) 1

Achievable

3.2 Ratio of girls to boys in secondary school (%) 1.05 (2007) 1

Achievable

3.3 Ratio of females to males in tertiary education (%) 0.68 (2007) 1

Achievable probable

3.4 Proportion of women among members of Parliament (%)

24% (2010) 50%Achievable probable

4. Reduce child mortality

4.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 202 79 (2009) 67

Achievable

4.2 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 120 54 (2009) 40

Achievable

4.3 Proportion of children vaccinated against measles

95.8 (2009) 100Achievable

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-

MDG Goal IndicatorBaseline (1990)

Current status

2015 Target

Progress at a Glance

5. Improve maternal health

5.1 Maternal Mortality Ratio (per 100,000 live births) 377 (1998) 279 (2010) 170

Not achievable

5.2 Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel (%)

- 43 (2009) 90Not

achievable

6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

6.1 HIV prevalence, 15-24 years

6.2 Malaria

%

2.5% (2008)

<1%

< 6%Achievable

7. Ensure environmental sustainability

7.8 Proportion of population using an improved drinking water source (:% of rural population)

35% 60% (2010) 67.5%Achievable

7.8 Proportion of population using an improved drinking water source (% of urban population)

70% 80% (2010) 85%Achievable

7.9 Proportion of people with access to improved sanitation (Rural/Urban)

26/5251/75 (2006)

Defining the True North for Zanzibar

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Transforming Zanzibar......through an unprecedented socio-economic transformation and development to achieve middle income status; characterized by increasing levels of industrialization, competitiveness, quality livelihoods and good governance and rule of law; and having in place an educated and pro-learning society with distinct culture and values (ZDV 2020)

Zanzibar true north is to attain high GDP growth rate

anticipated to be 7.5%

GOVERNMENT OBJECTIVES

Economic Transformation Programme Enablers Human Capital Development Government Transformation

Programme Crosscutting issues

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Economic Transformation Programme

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TourismS/N Key Issues Key Initiatives Actors

1 Security of tourists: about...... cases of robery were reported in 2012 an increase from ...cases in previous year

Improve security by increasing patrol and awereness to the community Implement Tourism for All Strategy

Commission of Tourism, Regional and Districts offices, Police and Community

2 Standard and classification: No categorization of hotels in place causing difficulty in tax collection and tourist information

Conduct comprehensive categorization survey

Commission of Tourism, OCGS, TRA and ZRB

3 Stiff competition of tourism industry

Improve promotion services including attending international fairs and preparation of brochures and magazines ;Improve domestic tourism;Renovate historical sites

MDAs, Commission of Tourism, NGOs, Tour Operators, Tour guides

4 Poor linkage supply chain Conduct market study on what to produce for tourism industry

Commission of Tourism

Trade33

S/N Key Issues Key Initiatives Actors

1 Knowledge and penetration of international markets, branding and packaging

Support implementation of Zanzibar Export Development Strategy

MTIM, ZNCCIA, Zanzibar Exporters Association (ZEXA)

Light industries34

S/N Key Issues Key Initiatives Actors1 Weak

manufacturing/industrial base and entrepreneurship culture

Support Special economic zones (SEZ) and entrepreneurship training

MTIM, ZNCCIA,

2 Barriers to entry Encourage industry start-up through reduction in barriers to entry (licencing, start up costs)

ZIPA, MTIM,

Agriculture35

S/N Key Issues Key Initiatives Actors1 Low domestic production of food Increase

productivity through irrigation and use of organic fertilizer

MANR, farmers, extension officers

2 Higher level of post- harvest losses

Support food preservation and value addition

MANR, ZNCCIA, MTIM

3 Crops and livestocks theft Law enforcement MANR, Police, Community and MLF

ENABLERS….Infrastructure

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S/N Key Issues Key Initiatives Actors1 Congestion Rehabilitation and Construction

of Town Entry RoadsMoIC, Road Fund

2 Low handling capacity at Zanzibar port

Conduct feasibility study of Mpigaduri hub port

MoIC, Zanzibar Port Corporation (ZPC)

3 Low handling capacity at Zanzibar airports

Conduct feasibility study and implement the recommendations of Karume Airport- Pemba;Completion of Terminal 2 building in Unguja

MoIC, Zanzibar Aviation Authority (ZAA)

Energy37

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Unreliable power supply

from Mainland Cunduct feasibility study of Renewable Energy (Solar, Wind, and biomass)

MLHWE

2 Price and quality of utilities

Support establishment and operationalization of ZURA

MLHWE

Water38

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Insufficient and

unreliable supply of water

Rehabilitate network and distribution systems;

Conduct study of water availability and distribution and implement the recommendations

ZAWA

Skills development39

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Shortage of

instructors, experts and facilities in vocational training centres

Train and recruit experts and instructors;

Provision of appropriate facilities

Vocational Authority, MoEVT,

2 Weak skills in economic and social sectors

Conduct need assessment on skills gaps in Tourism, light industry and agriculture sectors and implement the recommendations

Higher learning Institutions, MANR, MoICTS, MTIM

Entrepreneurship40

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Weak

entrepreneurship culture

Support entrepreneurship training;Provide facilities (credit & equipment) for entrepreneurs

MTIM, ZNCCIA and Higher learning Institutions,

Private sector41

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Underdevelopment

of private sectorImprove public private partnership through policy formulation and framework ;

Implement the PPP policy and framework

POFEDP, ZNCCIA, MTIM

Quality and standards42

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors

1 Poor quality of goods and services

Support Zanzibar Bureau of Standards;

Facilitate set up of quality standards in MDAs

ZBS, MTIM,

HUMAN CAPITAL……Health43

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 High child and

maternal mortality, home delivery and childhood malnutrition

Improving health services in particular child and maternal mortality; Training midwives;Awareness compaign on nutrition

MoH

2 Increase of non-communicable disease

Awareness compaign on non-communicable disease

MoH

3 Inadequate qualify doctors and facilities

Train doctors in various professions;Provision of health facilities

MoH

4 Sustaining Malaria and HIV/AIDS

Regular anti malaria spray; Increase awareness of HIV/AIDS

MoH, ZAC

Education44

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Poor quality

educationRecruit qualify teachers;Improve laboratory facilities

MoEVT

2 Inadequate schools infrastructure and facilities in some regions

Construction of schools based on population demand e.g Urban West Region

MoEVT

GOVERNMENT TRANSFORMATION PROGRAMME.. Government Performance and Delivery45

S/N Key Issues Key Initiatives Actors1 Weak

mainstreaming of national objectives

Mainstreaming of national objectives in MDAs and trickle down to lower level

MDAs, POFEDP, LGAs

2 Absence of key performance indicators (KPIs)

Support establishment of KPIs in all institutions

MDAs, POFEDP

Anticorruption46

S/N Key Issues Key Initiatives Actors1 Corruption in

public sector (Procurement, revenue, judiciary, employment, hospital)

Support anti-corruption bureau;Implement anti-corruption policy and strategy;Awareness compaign on corruption

POPSGG, Police, MOJCA, DPP, POFEDP

Capacity building47

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Weak

capacity of staff

Conduct assessment of the institutional infrastructure;

Conduct relevant training to increase performance

MDAs

CROSS CUTTING ISSUES...Climate change, environment and Disaster

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S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors1 Environmental

degradationFacilitate Environmental conservation

FVPO

2 Climate change vulnerability

Adaptation and mitigation to climate change

FVPO

3 Poor waste management

Improve waste management – sanitation and solid waste disposal

Zanzibar Municipal Council

4 Disaster prone Facilitate disaster preparedness and management

SVPO

Gender49

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors

1 Weak linkages of gender issues and planning

Mainstreaming gender issues in development planning

MSWYWCD

Vulnerable groups50

S/N Key Issue Key Initiative Actors

1 Weak services to disadvantaged and vulnerable groups

Facilitate measures to take care of the vulnerable groups

VPO1, MDAs

Challenges51

• Balancing economic growth and protecting socio-cultural values of the people of Zanzibar

• Building a strong domestic Private sector capable of transforming the productive sectors of Zanzibar

• Establishing a prosperous society with an economy that is fully competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient

• Ensuring an economically just society, in which there is a fair and equitable distribution of the wealth of the nation

• Shortage of skills in priority areas like manufacturing and value addition in general

Challenges, cont…52

• Weak capacity in planning, policy analysis and monitoring and evaluation

• Absence of planning practices and framework at local level.

• Inadequate mobilization both domestic and external resources

• Weak capacity in the development of district plans and integration district plans into national plan

Conclusion53

Second half of Vision 2020 is underway, effective implementation of MKUZA II is crucial

Economic Transformation is key to achieve sustainable growth

Capacity and Resources are main challenges, special efforts needed.

Integration of District Plans into National plan

We bank on all stakeholders and friends of Zanzibar in achieving the desired results

We can attain middle income status by 2020 if everybody stay on course.

Ahsanteni54