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National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP) Library of Indicators and Data Sources: Primary Prevention Indicators and Evidence-Based Strategies

Cancer Type or Risk Factor

Indicator Strategy Evidence-Based Strategy

Alcohol use Adults who report excessive drinking (adults Health Systems Screening individuals for excessive drinking who drank more than two drinks per day on average [for men] or more than one drink per day on average [for women] or who drank 5 or more drinks during a single occasion [for men])

Changes

Intervention providing personalized feedback on the risks and consequences of excessive drinking

Breast Cancer (Ovarian Cancer)

Providers who follow USPSTF recommendation

Health System Change

Promote USPSTF recommendations that encourages primary care providers screen women who have family members with breast, ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer with 1 of several screening tools designed to identify a family history that may be associated with an increased risk for potentially harmful mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes


Referrals to genetic counseling after receiving positive screening results


Facilitate the use of genetic counseling among women who receive positive screening results that indicate a family history that may be associated with an increased risk for potentially harmful mutations


Women with a family history who get genetic counseling or testing

Community Clinical Linkage

Provide resources for women to understand BRCA1 and 2, their family history, and whether to get counseled and tested


Providers who follow USPSTF recommendation


Facilitate provider education accessible through: Physician education modules on Genetic Testing for Ovarian cancer which providers can get CEs for are available from CDC at www.cdc.gov/cancer/knowledge/provider-education/

CDC-RFA-DP17-1701 (NCCCP) NCCCP Library of Indicators and Data Sources: Primary Prevention of 58

https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/knowledge/provider-education/



Cervical Women aged 18 to 26 years who have completed the 3-dose HPV vaccination series

Community-Clinical Linkages

Community-based interventions implemented in combination to increase community demand for vaccines Home visits to increase community access to vaccination services Immunization information systems to increase appropriate vaccination Reducing client out-of-pocket costs to increase community access to vaccination services Vaccination programs in schools and organized child care centers to increase community access to vaccination services Vaccination programs in WIC settings to increase community access to vaccination services

Environmental Approaches

Vaccination requirements for child care, school and college attendance to increase community demand for vaccines

Health Systems Changes

Client or family incentive rewards to increase community demand for vaccines Client reminder and recall systems to increase community demand for vaccines Health care system-based interventions implemented in combination to increase appropriate vaccination Promote the adoption of standing orders by health care providers to increase appropriate vaccination Provider assessment and feedback to increase appropriate vaccination Provider reminders to increase appropriate vaccination

Cervical Adolescent females aged 13 to 15 years that have completed the 3-dose HPV vaccination series


Home visits to increase community access to vaccination services Vaccination programs in schools and organized child care centers to increase community access to vaccination services Vaccination programs in WIC settings to increase community access to vaccination services Community-based interventions implemented in combination to increase community demand for vaccines Reducing client out-of-pocket costs to increase community access to vaccination services Immunization information systems to increase appropriate vaccination





Vaccination requirements for child care, school and college attendance to increase community demand for vaccines


Client or family incentive rewards to increase community demand for vaccines Client reminder and recall systems to increase community demand for vaccines Health care system-based interventions implemented in combination to increase appropriate vaccination Promote the adoption of standing orders by health care providers to increase appropriate vaccination Provider assessment and feedback to increase appropriate vaccination Provider reminders to increase appropriate vaccination

All Cancers Access to preventive care Health Systems Changes Access to quality care and services

Lung Lung cancer mortality rate Community-Clinical Linkages Reducing client out-of-pocket costs to increase tobacco use cessation


Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products




Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship


Provider reminders (when used alone) to increase tobacco use cessation Provider reminders (with provider education) to increase tobacco use cessation Provider education to increase tobacco use cessation Provider assessment and feedback to increase tobacco use cessation

Lung Lung cancer incidence rate Community-Clinical Linkages

Reducing client out-of-pocket costs to increase tobacco use cessation


Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products




Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship Health Systems

Changes Provider reminders (when used alone) to increase tobacco use cessation Provider reminders (with provider education) to increase tobacco use cessation Provider education to increase tobacco use cessation Provider assessment and feedback to increase tobacco use cessation

Lung Youth smoking cessation attempts Community-Clinical Linkages



Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation



Lung Adult smoking cessation attempts Community-Clinical Linkages






Lung State population covered by 100% smoke-free ordinance


Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship

Lung Adults who are current smokers Community-Clinical Linkages






Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship



Lung Adults who use tobacco Community-Clinical Linkages






Lung Youth who use tobacco Community-Clinical Linkages






Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship



Lung Youth who are current smokers Community-Clinical Linkages



Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation




Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship



Lung Adult smoking prevalence Community-Clinical Linkages Reducing client out-of-pocket costs to increase tobacco use cessation




Provider reminders (when used alone) to increase tobacco use cessation Provider reminders (with provider education) to increase tobacco use cessation Provider education to increase tobacco use cessation




Provider assessment and feedback to increase tobacco use cessation Lung Homes with an operating radon mitigation

system for persons living in homes at risk for radon exposure


Increase community access to radon testing


Educate/increase awareness of PSE approaches Increase community demand for radon testing Promising practices for radon testing and mitigation Proven techniques to test for, prevent, or reduce exposure to high radon levels Reduce exposure to radon in new or existing construction

Lung Adult daily smokers who stopped smoking for one day or longer in the past 12 months

Community-Clinical Linkages Reducing client out-of-pocket costs to increase tobacco use cessation




Provider assessment and feedback to increase tobacco use cessation Provider education to increase tobacco use cessation Provider reminders (when used alone) to increase tobacco use cessation Provider reminders (with provider education) to increase tobacco use cessation

Lung Youth use of other tobacco products (smokeless, alternative products, bidis, cigars)




Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products




Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products



Lung Adolescent smoking prevalence Community-Clinical Linkages



Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products




Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products



Lung New single-family homes constructed with radon-reducing features, especially in high-radon-potential areas





Lung Knowledge of environmental tobacco smoke and protection from exposure


Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure

Lung Knowledge of risks of radon exposure and how to be protected





Lung State-specific BRFSS questions on radon Community-Clinical Linkages



Educate/increase awareness of PSE approaches Increase community demand for radon testing




Promising practices for radon testing and mitigation Proven techniques to test for, prevent, or reduce exposure to high radon levels Reduce exposure to radon in new or existing construction

Lung Policies to prohibit and enforce reductions in ETS exposure



Lung State population not exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke in workplaces, restaurants, and bars


Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure

Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure

Lung Adult workers in non-smoking environments Environmental Approaches


Lung Youth tobacco use initiation Environmental Approaches

Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship

Lung Tobacco-free environments in schools: (school facilities, events, property, and vehicles


Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure

Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure

Lung Prevalence of smoking among cancer survivors







Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure



Nutrition Consumption of fruits and vegetables Environmental Approaches

Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits




We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity Health Systems

Changes Screening for and management of obesity in adults Screening for obesity in children and adolescents

Nutrition Youth who follow recommended fruit and vegetable intake


Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity

Health Systems Changes Screening for obesity in children and adolescents

Nutrition Consumption of healthier foods Environmental Approaches

Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior




Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity


Screening for and management of obesity in adults Screening for obesity in children and adolescents

Nutrition Access to and availability of healthy food products


Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children




TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Nutrition Knowledge of healthy eating habits with specific target populations





Nutrition Schools that increase access to and the sale of nutritious snacks


Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior




Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity

Nutrition Restricted availability of less healthy foods and beverages in public service venues







Nutrition Availability of healthier food and beverage choices in public service venues


Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior

Nutrition Availability of affordable healthier food and beverage choices in public service venues



Nutrition Geographic availability of supermarkets in underserved areas



Nutrition Incentives to food retailers to locate in and/or offer healthier food and beverage choices in underserved areas


Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior




Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior

Nutrition Availability of mechanisms for purchasing food from farms



Nutrition Incentives for the production, distribution, or procurement of food from local farms in the local jurisdiction



Nutrition Discouragement of the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages







Nutrition Communities that institute smaller portion size options in public service venues



Nutrition Advertisements of less healthy foods and beverages






Obesity Population who are overweight or obese Environmental Approaches

Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12




Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Obesity Self-efficacy of overweight or obese people to control their weight


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior




Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Obesity Knowledge among parents and caregivers of the role of physical activity and nutrition in obesity among children


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity




Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Obesity Adult obesity prevalence Environmental Approaches

Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity




Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior


Screening for and management of obesity in adults

Obesity Exposure to obesity prevention messages Environmental Approaches

Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity




Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Obesity Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity




Knowledge of obesity-related health behaviors and risks


Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children







Obesity Knowledge of ways to control and/or lose weight among people who are obese


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior




Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Obesity Unhealthy food advertising and promotion targeted to children


Increase healthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Limit unhealthy food and drink availability to improve healthy behavior Procurement policies and practices to improve healthy behavior Farm to Institution to improve healthy behavior Signage for healthy vs. less healthy items to improve healthy behavior Product placement and attractiveness to improve healthy behavior Menu labeling to improve healthy behavior Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits




Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity

Obesity Communities that participate in community coalitions or partnerships to address obesity


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity


Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity


Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity


Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity


Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity


Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity


Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity


Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity


Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity


Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity

Physical activity

Reported hours watching TV among children Environmental Approaches

Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity




Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity


Screening for obesity in children and adolescents

Physical activity

Time spent on sedentary activities (i.e., computer/video games, etc.)


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Screening for and management of obesity in adults






Physical activity

Adolescents in grades 9-12 who participate in daily school physical education


Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Physical activity

Adults who report moderate physical activity >=5 times/week or who report vigorous physical activity >=3 times/week)


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity




Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity


Screening for and management of obesity in adults

Physical activity

Students in grades 9-12 who report doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes per day on each of the 7 days


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity




Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Physical activity

Access and availability to safe areas/facilities i.e., malls, trails, parks, etc. for physical activity


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity

Physical activity

Public and private schools that provide access to their physical activity spaces and facilities for all persons outside of normal school hours


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity




Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity

Physical activity

Physical education required daily in elementary schools



Physical activity

Physical education required daily in middle and junior high schools


Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children





Physical activity

Physical education required daily in senior high schools



Physical activity

Knowledge of benefits of physical activity within the target population


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity




Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Physical activity

Exposure to physical activity messages Environmental Approaches





Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity Eat Well and Keep Moving program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children Generation Fit program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children MSPAN program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 Planet Health program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for school-aged children TEENS program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits Power of Choice program to increase physical activity and promote healthy dietary habits for K-12 We Can! program to prevent childhood obesity



Physical activity

Time spent on physical activity Environmental Approaches





Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity

Physical activity

Promotion of school physical education requirements



Physical activity

Screening time in public service venues Environmental Approaches






Physical activity

Opportunities for extracurricular physical activity



Physical activity

Access to outdoor recreational facilities Environmental Approaches

Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity




Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity

Physical activity

Infrastructure to support bicycling Environmental Approaches


Infrastructure to support walking Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity




Physical activity


Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity

Physical activity

Access to public transportation Environmental Approaches

Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity




Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity

Physical activity

Communities that zone for mixed use development



Physical activity

Personal safety in areas where persons are or could be physically active






Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity

Physical activity

Traffic safety in areas where persons are or could be physically active



Physical activity

Communities that require physical education in schools







Physical activity

Physical activity in physical education programs in schools



Physical activity

Support for locating schools within easy walking distance of residential areas


Community-wide campaigns to increase physical activity Individually-adapted health behavior change programs to increase physical activity Social support interventions in community settings to increase physical activity




Enhanced school-based physical education to increase physical activity Community-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Creation of or enhanced access to places for physical activity to increase physical activity Street-scale urban design and land use policies to increase physical activity Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs and increase physical activity Promote daily physical activity in schools and childcare settings to increase physical activity Restrict screen time through policy interventions to increase physical activity

Skin Incidence of invasive melanoma Environmental Approaches

Teaching children about sun safety to promote sun-protective behaviors Teaching children about the effects of UV radiation to promote sun-protective behaviors Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer




Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation Pool Cool program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior and practices Promoting Sun Safety Among Zoo Visitors program to promote sun protective behavior and reduce sun exposure SunWise program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior among K-8th grade students Shade Planning for America's School guide for schools to crate and maintain a physical environment that supports sun safety. Sun Safety for America's Youth Toolkit to promote sun safety for young people

Skin Melanoma incidence rate Environmental Approaches

Teaching children about sun safety to promote sun-protective behaviors Teaching children about the effects of UV radiation to promote sun-protective behaviors Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer




Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation Pool Cool program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior and practices Promoting Sun Safety Among Zoo Visitors program to promote sun protective behavior and reduce sun exposure SunWise program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior among K-8th grade students Shade Planning for America's School guide for schools to crate and maintain a physical environment that supports sun safety. Sun Safety for America's Youth Toolkit to promote sun safety for young people

Skin Adults that follow recommended sun safety practices


Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation




Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer

Skin Adolescents in grades 9-12 that follow protective measures that may reduce the risk of skin cancer


Teaching children about sun safety to promote sun-protective behaviors Teaching children about the effects of UV radiation to promote sun-protective behaviors Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation Pool Cool program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior and practices Promoting Sun Safety Among Zoo Visitors program to promote sun protective behavior and reduce sun exposure SunWise program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior among K-8th grade students Shade Planning for America's School guide for schools to crate and maintain a physical environment that supports sun safety.




Sun Safety for America's Youth Toolkit to promote sun safety for young people

Skin Adolescents in grades 9-12 who report a sunburn in past 12 months







Skin Adolescents in grades 9-12 who report using artificial sources of ultraviolent light for tanning







Skin Adults that follow protective measures that may reduce the risk of skin cancer


Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation Sun Safety for America's Youth Toolkit to promote sun safety for young people

Skin Adults who report a sunburn Environmental Approaches

Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings




Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation Sun Safety for America's Youth Toolkit to promote sun safety for young people

Skin Adults who report using artificial sources of ultraviolet light for tanning


Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer




Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation Sun Safety for America's Youth Toolkit to promote sun safety for young people

Skin Elementary, middle, and senior high schools that provide school health education to promote personal health and wellness- Sun safety or skin cancer prevention


Teaching children about sun safety to promote sun-protective behaviors Teaching children about the effects of UV radiation to promote sun-protective behaviors Increasing the availability of sun-protective items to promote sun-protective behaviors Adding sun-protective features to the physical environment to promote sun-protective behaviors Implementing sun-protection policies to promote sun-protective behaviors Educational approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Activities to influence knowledge and attitudes of visitors to promote sun-protective behaviors Environmental approaches to encourage sun protection among visitors to recreational and tourism settings Policies to support sun protection practices (e.g., requiring sun protective clothing) Multicomponent community interventions to influence UV-protective behavior and prevent skin cancer Counseling individuals ages 10 to 24 years to minimize UV exposure and reduce skin cancer Appearance-focused skin cancer prevention intervention to increase the awareness of the harmful effects of exposure to UV radiation Pool Cool program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior and practices Promoting Sun Safety Among Zoo Visitors program to promote sun protective behavior and reduce sun exposure SunWise program to increase awareness and promote sun protective behavior among K-8th grade students




Shade Planning for America's School guide for schools to crate and maintain a physical environment that supports sun safety. Sun Safety for America's Youth Toolkit to promote sun safety for young people

Skin Knowledge of risks due to sun exposure and how to protect from effects







Skin Knowledge of risks due to UV exposure and how to protect from effects







Tobacco use Incidence of all tobacco-related cancer Community-Clinical Linkages



Increasing the unit price for tobacco products to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media education campaigns to reduce tobacco use initiation Mass media: Cessation series to increase tobacco use cessation Mobile phone-based interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Multicomponent interventions to increase tobacco use cessation Smoking bans and restrictions to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community education to reduce secondhand smoke exposure Community mobilization to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Community education about youths' access to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforcement of sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education with reinforcement and information to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Retailer education to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Laws directed at minors' purchase, possession, or use to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Sales laws directed at retailers to restrict minor's access to tobacco products Enforce restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship




national comprehensive cancer control program (ncccp ... · pdf fileenforcement of sales laws...

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