NATIONAL CASE STUDY: DEVELOPING AN IWRM PLAN

FOR KAZAKHSTAN

International Conference on IWRM

Tokyo, Japan8 December 2004

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

Central Asian Context Overview of Water

Management in Kazakhstan

IWRM Plan Development in Kazakhstan

Preliminary Lessons Learned & Conclusions

TOPOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL ASIA

INTERNATIONAL WATERS OF CENTRAL ASIA

CARElectricity Grid

Toktogul

Nurek

Amu Darya

Syr Darya

ARAL SEA BASIN WATER & ENERGY SYSTEM

ARAL SEA BASIN WATER NETWORK

SYR DARYA BASIN

AMU DARYA BASIN

PovodhashCanal

Karadarya R.AndijanRes.

SideInflow

AndijanUse

SideInflow

Naryn R.Toktogul

Res.

KurpsaiRes.

TashkamurRes.

ShamaldysaiRes.

UchkurganRes.

Side Inflow

Toktogul-Uchkurgan Use

AdjarUse

KayrakumUse

KayrakumRes.

CharvakRes.

Charvak R.

UgamInflow Side

Inflow

ChirchikUse

SideInflow

Kayrakum-Chardara Use

Arnasai

Kyzlkum Canal

SideInflow

Chardara-Aral Sea Use

Aral Sea

Vahsh R.

NurekRes.

Pyandj R.

Kafirnigan R.

Kashka R.

Surhan R.Upper Amu

Use

BukharaCanal

KarshiCanal

KarakumCanal

TuyamuyunRes.

RightCanal

Dashauz

LeftCanalDrinking

Canal

Petniak-Tash-Urgench

Klichbaj-Kipchak-Gumabaj

Soviet-Oktjabra-Pahta

KizketkenCanal

LeninaCanal

PumpingIntake

Kunduz R.

Kyrgyzstan

Kazakhstan

Tajikistan

Afghanistan

TurkmenistanUzbekistan

Uzbekistan

Small River or Side Inflow

Main River Inflow

Run-of-the-river Reservoir

Storage Reservoir

Hydropower Plant (HPP)

Diversion to User

User

KAZAKHSTAN GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT

Pop: 14.9 m Area: 2.7 m km2

Density: 5.5 per/km2

Fresh water: 539 km3

Average water flow: 100.5 km3

56% of water is formed in the country

44% comes from bordering countries

Agriculture – about 77% of total consumption

Industries – about 18%Drinking & municipal water needs –

only 5%

WATER MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

Committee for Water Resources under the MoA

8 River Basin Organizations

Administrative & technical capacity of RBOs is limited

Administrative gap in water quality management

Transboundary aspects of water management

HOWEVER: Water scarcity as a result

of ineffective management!

DEVELOPMENT OF IWRM PLAN FOR KAZAKHSTAN

In 2002, the Government committed to have a National IWRM by 2005

New Water Code (July 2003) lays the foundations for IWRM

Support of UNDP, GWP and the Government of Norway to such Government initiatives

As a result, first IWRM pilot in Central Asia

MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

A National IWRM and Water Efficiency Plan by the end of 2005 and, subsequently, IWRM plans for eight river basins in Kazakhstan by 2007

River Basin Councils established by the end of 2005

A Strategy for Achievement of MDGs for WSS by the end of 2006

Improving cooperation and development of partnerships at regional and country levels

CURRENT STATUS OF IWRM DEVELOPMENT

Assessment of water management practices in the country completed

Two workshops on IWRM in September with assistance from the GWP regional team for capacity building of CWR and RBOs staff

Working Group on IWRM operational and consists of representatives of key ministries/agencies and other stakeholders

FURTHER STEPS

May 2005 for a rough draft for budgeting purposes

October 2005 for the final National IWRM and Water Efficiency Plan

Several training events & workshops to improve understanding of IWRM and to build capacities of relevant institutions

Leading role of IWRM WG in preparation of the Plan as well as its implementation!

IWRM PLAN: BENEFITS KAZAKHSTAN EXPECTS TO

GAIN Address water quality issues

more effectively

Improve institutional base for dealing with transboudary river basins & other riparian states

Potentially “release” water from agriculture for higher valued uses

Increase agricultural production in the country

REMAINING KEY ISSUES

How to organize & encourage investments from the government

Water quality vs water quantity trade-offs

Sustainability beyond the Project

CONCLUSIONS Buy-in and ownership of this planning process is of

importance. Have the Government and Key Players/Stakeholders on board from the early stages!

IWRM Plan should be a product of the Government rather than of a consultant. Though technical advice is required

Legal issues need to be considered for the planning

Plan for capacity building trainings to increase capacity of the government authorities in preparing and implementing the Plan

THANK YOU!