namāz of mo’min chapter 13 leadership in congregational namāz

8/3/2019 Namz of Momin Chapter 13 Leadership in Congregational Namz

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Chapter: 13

Leadership in Congregational

Namz(Immat )


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Chapter 13: Leadership in congregational namz

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah: 24 Noor, verse 62)Only those are the believers, who have belief in Allh and His

Rasool.

68

Rules and Regulations

Pertaining to

Namz of Momin

(A comprehensive guide)


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Namz of Mo'min

Contents1. Introduction

Immat-e kbr

Immat-e sghr

2. Adee pertaining to immat

3. Prerequisites for being eligible for immat

4. Selection and appointment of imm4.1 Deserving candidate for immat

Utmost most deserving candidate

Second most deserving candidate4.2 Selection from several candidates of equal

caliber

5. Characteristics responsible for disqualificationfrom immat5.1Transgressor (fsiq)

Usurer

Fast (rozah) skipper Fraud and deceiver

Involved in taziyah and mariyah

Disrespecting parents Whose wife goes out without veil

5.2Transgressor- in- public (fsiq-e moalin) Openly involved in gnh-e kabeerah

or persistently committing gnh-esagheerah

Accepting invitations and taking food ofcorrupt belief individuals (bud-mazhab)

Clean-shaved face or less size of the

beard than fixed by Shariat Skipping snnat-e makkadah namz

327327328

328

331

333-335333333334

334

335335335335336336336337338

338

339

339339340

340

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5.3 Astrologer and fortune-teller5.4 Dance viewer

Dancing and prostitution

Listening music5.5 Miscellaneous

Vulgar and abusive language speaker Buffoon or a jester

Buffoonery with vulgar and abusivelanguage speaker

Interest dealer6. Immat by handicapped and sick individuals

6.1 Blindness6.2 Leprosy

6.3 Lisper6.4 Stutter

7. Immat by Dev'bandee or Vahbee imm

8. Miscellaneous8.1 Immat by imm facing antagonism from

mqtadee8.2 Immat by other than designated imm8.3 Immat after sincere repentance from

gnh-e kabeerah deeds8.4 Immat by surreptitious sin doer

340340340340340

340340340340341341342

342

343

343343

344344

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Namz of Mo'min

Leading, commanding or preceding a group is called leadership(immat), which can be grossly classified into two types: Immat-e kbr (greater leadership) and Immat-e sghr (lesser

leadership).

1.1 Immat-e kbr:

Due to vast vicegerency (niybat)1 of uoor-e Aqdasimmat is bestowed on those imms who

possess unlimited powers with conformity of Shariat onall religious and worldly matters of Mslims. It becomesobligatory to obey the commandments pertaining tosinless matters for the Mslims of the whole world. Thuspossessor of the immat-e kbr represents the HolyProphet .For example:(1) Khlafhe Rshideen2(2) arat Sayyedn Imm asan 3

1 Vicegerency (niybat): Exercising delegated powers on behalfof uoor-e Aqdas or in other words Representativeof uoor-e Aqdas .

2 Ibid, page 554-5693 Ibid, page 543

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(3) arat mar bin Abdl Azeez4, and(4) arat Imm Mehdee5.

1.2 Immat-e sghr:

The term is generally understood to mean the leadershipin congregational namz. The person who leads thenamz is performing his own namz as well as leads thenamz of all those who are following and imitating him.

Wherever the term immat is used in this book, itrefers to immat-e sghr. We will discuss Immat underfollowing heads:

Adee pertaining to immat

Prerequisites for being eligible for immat (of men)

Selection and appointment of imm

Characteristics responsible for disqualification from immat

Immat by handicapped and sick individuals

Immat by Devbandee or Vahbee imm

Miscellaneous

4 Ibid, page 591

5 arat Imm Mehdee:It is our belief that immat will cease on Imm Mehdee. He will bethe last imm. He will be from the descendants of uoor-e Aqdas

. He will preside over Mslims, strengthen Islm andspread it everywhere.

Imm Mehdee will meet arat Ees and togetherthey will fight and kill Dajjl (Charlatan). (Dajjl, an enemy of Islmwill be called Masi because his fame will spread all over the world.He will kill Mslims and bring discomfort and disorder to the MiddleEast. After shedding much blood, he will be killed by Imm Mehdee)

Close to the qiymat infidelity will spread to the whole worldexcept in the aramain Shareefain (Makkah and Madeenah) whereIslm will survive. All the pious scholars will migrate there.

It will be the month of Ramn when all pious persons includingImm Mehdee will be doing avf and a voice of unseen will come:

Hz khalifatllh Mehdee fasme--lh va aeeoo.Mehdee is Caliph of Allh , listen to him and obey his orders.

All the pious people will take oath accepting his leadership andwill follow him. During his time, Mslim will settle everywhere andlive in comfort and ease.

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2. Adee pertaining to immat:

2.1 adee Shareef:

abrnee has recorded in his book Moajam-e Kabeerfrom arat Marad bin Abee Marad Al-Ghanveethat once uoor-e Aqdas has narrated that:

If you are keen about your namzes for being acceptablein the court of Allh , then Islmic scholars and

theologians (lam) should lead your namzes becausethey are mediator and envoy between you and your

Rabb.(Fatv Raaviyyah-III / 195)

2.2 adee Shareef:

kim has recorded in his book Mstadrak that onceuoor-e Aqdas has narrated that:

If you are keen about your namzes for being acceptablein the court of Allh , then your namzes should belead by better ones among you because they are your

envoys before Allh .

(Fatv Raaviyyah-III / 172)

2.3 adee Shareef:

According to arat Salam bint-e Al-Hruoor-e Aqdas while enumerating the signsof qiymat narrated that:

One of the signs of qiymat is that the people assembledin the mosque (Ah'l-e Masjid) will ask each other to lead

the namz but there will be none to lead them. All of

them will be ineligible for immat.

2.4 adee Shareef:

Imm Tirmizee has recorded a adee ascribing toarat Ab Ommah that once uoor-e Aqdas

has narrated that:

Namz does not move ahead of ears of following threetypes of persons (i.e. these persons can not achieve

rewards and virtues of namz):1. Slave: one who ran away until he returns back.

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2. Woman: one who passes whole night whilst herhusband is incensed (very angry) with her.

3. Imm: one with whose immat people abhor.

2.5 adee Shareef:

Imm Bkhree and Imm Mslim have recorded a adee ascribing to arat Ab Hrairah thatonce uoor-e Aqdas has narrated that:

If you are leading the namz then shorten it, keeping inmind the presence of old, sick and weak persons in the

congregation (jamat). However, if you are offering

namz alone then lengthen it as much as you wish.

2.6 adee Shareef:

Imm Mlik has recorded a adee ascribing to aratAnas that once uoor-e Aqdas hasnarrated that:

The hairs of the forehead (frontal scalp) are in the handsof shain of those mqtadee who lift and bow their

heads prior to imm.

2.7 adee Shareef:

Imm Bkhree and Imm Mslim have recorded a adee ascribing to arat Ab Hrairah thatonce uoor-e Aqdas has narrated that:

Are those people who lift their heads prior to imm, donot fear that Allh may convert their head into

donkeys head?

2.7.1 Exemplary and wonderful incidence:

In reference to aforementioned adee Shareef 2.7scholars of traditions (maddieen) have traditionallyreported the story of most glorious imm and author ofthe exegesis of Mslim Shareef arat Ab ZakariyaNavavee 6.

6 arat Ab Zakariya Navavee (1233 1277 AD):

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arat Ab Zakariya Navavee had traveled toDamascus (Syria) with the sole purpose of learningtraditions of the Holy Prophet (adee)

from a great scholar of tradition (maddi). He stayedthere and learnt a lot. Astonishingly his teacher(maddi) used to keep his face covered.

After a long time when the maddi found fullyassured about the keenness and wholehearted desire ofAb Zakariya Navavee for learning traditions of the HolyProphet he removed his curtain from hisface. To the surprise of Imm Navavee, the face of themaddi was like a donkey.

The maddi warned Imm Navavee that:O man! Do not precede imm in namz. When I came to

know about this adee, I took it lightly and ratherdoubted about its authenticity. I thought how is itpossible that a mans head will be converted into

donkeys head? I deliberately started preceding imm innamz and you see the result.

2.7.2 Authors Note:

We should take lesson from aforementioned story andmust save oneself by avoiding precedence from imm inany rk'n.

3. Prerequisites for being eligible forimmat:(Of men)

According to Bahr-e Shariat III/109 any individual who

fulfills following conditions is eligible for immat:1. A Mslim with correct belief2. Sane3. Male4. Adult5. Aptitude to recite qirat correctly6. Non-handicapped

He was a renowned maddi, Mslim jurist (faqeeh) and author(mannif). He was born at Nova, situated southern side ofDamascus, Syria. His famous collection is exegesis of MslimShareef.

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3.1 A Mslim with correct belief:

3.1.1 Issue: A snni Mslim with correct belief deserves themost for doing immat even if more learned andconversant with the rules of qirat are available amongcongregates. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat III/115)

3.1.2 Issue: Mrtad (apostate), mnfiq (hypocrite) andpersons with corrupt and deviated belief are ineligible forimmat. (Bahr-e Shariat III/109)

3.1.3 Issue: The post of imm should be awarded to thatperson who is with correct belief, able to recite aeeqirat and well acquainted with the rules andregulations of ahrat and namz. Further more, thereshould be no evil behavior (habits) in him so thatmqtadee may not hate him. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/264)

3.2 Male:

3.2.1 Validity of immat by a woman:

Issue: The condition of to be male is not applicable forimmat of purely female congregation. A woman can do

lead namz of purely female congregation, however herimmat is makrooh. (Bahr-e Shariat III/109)

3.3 Adult:

3.3.1 Validity of immat by a child:

Issue: The condition of to be adult is not applicable forimmat of a group of children only. A child with soundknowledge of ahrat and issues pertaining to namz and

immat can lead the namz of a group of children. (Bahr-e Shariat III/110, Raddl-Mtar)

3.4 Aptitude to recite qirat correctly:

3.4.1 Correct pronunciation: Must

Issue: In each and every congregation (jamat) themost deserving person for doing immat is one who iswell acquainted with the rules of ahrat and namz

though he may not be as much scholar in other issues asothers. However, he must have to fulfill the elementary

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condition of not being a transgressor and bud-mazhab(with corrupt belief). Further more, the aptitude to reciteqirat correctly with correct pronunciation is must to

save namz from getting ruined. Immat itself will beconsidered unlawful if namz behind him is beingrendered invalid due to incorrect pronunciation of qiratthough the imm is a great scholar. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/148, Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtar, Barr-Riq,Kfee Shar'-e Vfee)

3.4.2 Melodious qirat: Not essential

Issue: Imm should recite qirat with correctpronunciation. Melodious qirat is not a must. Those

who consider melodious qirat as an essentialprerequisite for immat, are accusing our sacredShariat. Rather melodious qirat is sometimes harmfulbecause of following reasons: Person may feel proud due to his praiseworthy art of

melodious qirat. Instead of concentrating in the namz, the person will

try to be more melodious.(Fatv Raaviyyah-III/195, lam-geeri, Fatv QeeKhn)

4. Selection and appointment of Imm:

Immat is a great office in Islm. It has certainrequirements and preconditions. It is certainly not aposition that can be given to any or every person. Theone who fulfills these requirements is entitled to becomethe Imm. The trustees of the mosque must apply theseconditions (as discussed in following issues) as their

criteria when employing a particular Imm. Deserving candidate for immat

Utmost most deserving candidate Second most deserving candidate

Selection from several candidates of equal caliber

4.1 Deserving (haqdr) candidate for immat:

4.1.1 Utmost most deserving (haqdr) candidate:

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Issue: Most deserving (haqdr) candidate for the post ofimm is one who knows the most about the rules andregulations of ahrat and namz even if he is not expert

in the rest of the sections but fulfills positively followingconditions: Aptitude to recite qirat correctly Faultless in faith and mazhab Saves himself from abominable and anti-Shariat

acts.(Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtar, Bahr-e Shariat III/115)

4.1.2 Second most deserving (haqdr) candidate:

Issue: Next, most deserving (haqdr) candidate for the

post of imm is one who knows the most about the rulesand regulations of qirat. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtar, Bahr-e Shariat III/115)

4.2 Selection from several candidates of equal caliber:

Issue: If several candidates are available with samequalification like similar proficiency in ahrat, namzand qirat then selection of the imm should be basedon following qualities of the candidate in the

chronological order:4.2.1 Most pious (mttaqee, parhezgr):This means one who saves himself not only from arm (unlawful, forbidden) things but frommatters which are doubtful regarding itslawfulness.

4.2.2 Most senior (aged):This means one who has passed more life withinthe fold of Islm.

4.2.3 Most excellent behavior4.2.4 Most luminous face:

This means one who performs tahajjd namzregularly. It is a well-known fact that because oftahajjd namz face becomes luminous.

4.2.5 Most good-looking4.2.6 Belongs to most honourable family4.2.7 Belongs to most excelled and noble lineage4.2.8 Most wealthy:

This is because his financial soundness makes

him independent and as far as his livelihood is

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concerned he remains un-scared and un-terrifiedwhilst taking stringent action to defaulters ofShariat, whereas a poor (in financial sense) will

become submissive to defaulters of Shariat infear of loosing livelihood.4.2.9 Most respectful:

This means to whom members of the communitybestow regards and respect due to his honesty,selfless services and other good qualities andvirtues.

4.2.10Wears most neat and clean clothsAfter considering aforementioned ten criteria andqualities of each and every candidate, possessorof maximum best qualities must be selected forthe post of imm.

Even after this if selection remains indecisive, immshould be selected by drawing or voting. The candidatewho gets maximum vote should be selected for the postof imm.

However, after this lengthy exercise, if a person withinferior qualities and qualifications gets the appointmenton the post of imm then though it is a very bad thing,

nevertheless appointee will not be sinner.(Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtar, Bahr-e Shariat III/115)

5. Characteristics responsible fordisqualification from immat:

Transgressor (fsiq)

Transgressor-in-public (fsiq-e moalin) Astrologer and fortune-teller Dance viewer Miscellaneous

5.1 Transgressor (fsiq):

Usurer

Fast (rozah) skipper Fraud and deceiver

Involved in taziyah and mariyah

Disrespecting parents Whose wife goes out without veil

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5.1.1 Usurer:

Issue: Usury7is a transgression. Namz will be rendered

incomplete as well as makrooh-e tareemee if performedbehind a usurer imm. Namz has to be repeated. Usurerperson should never be selected as imm. (Drr-eMkhtr, Murqeeyl Fal, avee, FatvRaaviyyah-III/151)

5.1.2 Fast (rozah) skipper:

Issue: Those who deliberately miss fast (rozah) withoutany excuse (authentic religious reason) are transgressor

(fsiq). Namz must never be performed behind suchindividuals. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/158, 257)

5.1.3 Fraud and deceiver:

Issue: One is transgressor (fsiq) who deceives othersby telling fabricated stories (lies) and thus collectsmoney. Such persons must never be selected as immand rather they should be terminated from their post.(Fatv Raaviyyah-III/204)

5.1.4 Involved in taziyah and mariyah:

Issue: One who pays respect to taziyah(commemorative model of Imm ussains tomb carriedout in procession during Marram) and sings unlawfulmariyah (elegy, a mourning poem) is transgressor(fsiq) and heretic. Namz will be rendered makrooh-etareemee if performed behind such imm. (FatvRaaviyyah-III/198)

5.1.5 Disrespecting parents:Issue: One who abuses, tortures and beats his parentsmaking them unhappy is transgressor (fsiq), debaucherand undutiful8. Namz will be rendered makrooh-e

7 In Qr'n shareef, Allh does not declare war on anyoneexcept people who deal in usury (Soorah 2: Baqrah, verse 278 &279). This is sufficient to explain the abhorrence of this deed in thesight of Allh .

8 Dutifulness towards parents: It is vjib to obey the parents ifthey command you to do mb things.

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tareemee if performed behind such person. Appointingthem as imm is sin. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/227, 229)

5.1.6 Whose wife goes out without veil:5.1.6.1 Issue: A person is transgressor (fsiq), who in spite of

being capable does nothing to prevent his wife fromgoing out without veil. It is a sin to select such individualas imm. Namz performed behind such imm will berendered makrooh-e tareemee and must be repeated.(Ghnyah Shar'-e Mnyah, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/177,190)

5.1.6.2 Issue: It is arm (unlawful, forbidden) to keep head

uncovered for women. Those women who go out withoutveil (with uncovered head) are transgressor (fsiq). It isthe duty (far) of her husband to prevent her fromcommitting transgression. Allh has commanded us:

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 66 At-tareem, verse 6)O believers! Save yourself and your family members

from blazing inferno.

uoor-e Aqdas has narrated that:

You all are leaders and rulers of your family (orcommunity or nation). On the day of resurrection you will

be questioned about your populace.

Therefore, those who do not prevent their wives fromgoing out unveiled are transgressor (fsiq). Namzbehind them will be makrooh-e tareemee. Moreover it isa sin to select such individual as imm.(Raddl-Mtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/188)

However, it is arm (unlawful, forbidden) to obey them if theyorder or request you to do things against the Shariat. For example,if they order you to drink liquor or not to perform far namz, youmust not obey such orders.

You should observe etiquette and not reply them harshly.Instead, apply diplomacy to abstain from such acts so that theymay not be offended. Suppose, parents order you not to keep naf'lfasts then you must obey them, as naf'l fasts are not vjib. There isno harm if one delays to execute any command of the parent if it isnot vjib to obey according to the Shariat.

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5.1.6.3 Issue: It is arm (unlawful, forbidden) for women tocome before ghair-maram (from whom hiding isobligatory) with:

a. Exposed sat'r-e aurat (viz. hair of the head, neck,wrist, calf or any part of the body which areconsidered sat'r-e aurat)

b. Extremely thin cloths through which any portion ofthe sat'r-e aurat is visible. One is transgressor (fsiq) who persistently wears

such thin clothing. Husbands of such women, who have the same

opinion with their wives or do not prevent theirwives from doing so, are pimps. It is sin to select

such individuals as imm.(Fatv Raaviyyah-III/201, 2258)

5.1.6.4 Issue: A person, who knows that his wife use to go outwithout veil nevertheless does nothing to prevent herfrom doing so in his fullest capacity, will be termed aspimp. Namz performed behind him will be renderedmakrooh-e tareemee. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/197, 210)

5.1.6.5 Issue: If a person works hard in his fullest capacity toprevent his wife from going out without veil even though

his wife does not obey him and continues to do so, thenthat individual cannot be blamed for the happening.

There should be no disgust in performing namz behindhim. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/193)

5.2 Transgressor-in-public (fsiq-e moa'lin):

Openly involved in gnh-e kabeerah or persistentlycommitting gnh-e sagheerah

Accepting invitations and taking food of corrupt beliefindividuals (bud-mazhab)

Clean-shaved face or less size of the beard than fixed byShariat

Skipping snnat-e-makkadah namz

5.2.1 Openly involved in gnh-e kabeerah orpersistently committing gnh-e sagheerah:

Issue: Namz behind a transgressor (fsiq) imm ismakrooh.

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5.2.1.1Namz will be rendered makrooh-e tareemeeand entire namz must be repeated if imm is atransgressor-in-public (fsiq-e moalin). This

means those who are: Openly involved in gnh-e kabeerah or Persistently committing gnh-e sagheerah

openly

5.2.1.2Namz will be rendered makrooh-e tanzeehee ifimm is not a transgressor- in- public (fsiq-emoalin).

(Fatv Raaviyyah-III/253)5.2.2 Accepting invitations and taking food of corrupt

belief individuals (bud-mazhab):

Issue: One is transgressor- in- public (fsiq-e moalin)who openly accepts invitations and takes food of corruptbelief individuals (bud-mazhab) and maintains relationwith them. Such persons are ineligible for immat.(Fatv Raaviyyah-III/269)

5.2.3 Clean-shaved face or less size of the beard thanfixed by Shariat:

Issue: One who keeps his face clean-shaved or less sizeof the beard than the fixed by the Islamic jurisprudence(i.e. less than the size of the fist) is transgressor-in-public(fsiq-e moalin). It is sin to select such people for thepost of imm. Namz behind such persons will bemakrooh-e tareemee and if performed behind suchpersons then it is Vjib to repeat the namz. (FatvRaaviyyah-III/215, 219, 255)

5.2.4 Skipping snnat-e makkadah namz:

Issue: There are twelve rak'ats snnat-e makkadahnamz in a day and night (24 hours).

Snnat-e Makkadah Namz in 24 hoursBefore far of faj'r 02 RakatsBefore far of oh'r 04 RakatsAfter far of oh'r 02 RakatsAfter far of maghrib 02 RakatsAfter far of ish 02 Rakats

Total 12 Rakats

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1. One who misses any one of these snnat-e-makkadah namz even once deserves censure,reprehension and displeasure.

2. One who persistently misses any one of these snnat-e-makkadah namz is sinner, transgressor (fsiq)and deserves punishment.

3. One who openly misses any one of these snnat-e-makkadah namz is transgressor-in-public. It ismakrooh-e tareemee to perform namz behind himand a sin to select such person for the post of imm.

(Ghnyah, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/201)5.3 Astrologer and fortune-teller:

Issue: Astrologer, fortune-teller and false omen (augury)teller are also ineligible for immat. (Fatv RazaviyyahIII/266)

5.4 Dance viewer:

5.4.1 Dancing and prostitution:

Issue: One is transgressor (fsiq) and debaucher (fjir excessive indulgence in sensual pleasure) who enjoys

dancing by dancing girls or prostitutes (avif). He wouldnot be eligible for immat. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/162)

5.4.2 Listening Music:

Issue: Listening music is arm (unlawful, forbidden).One who openly listens music is ineligible for immat.Certainly, namz behind such person is not devoid ofdisgust. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/251)

5.5 Miscellaneous:Issue: Following persons are ineligible for immat: Vulgar and abusive language (glee) speaker Buffoon (mazq): Absurd imitator (mocker) or a jester Buffoonery with vulgar and abusive language speaker Interest9dealerIt is a sin to select such persons for the post of imm.Namz performed behind such persons will be rendered

9 Interest: The term is used to understand to mean the money paidor received against the money lent.

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makrooh-e tareemee and must be repeated. (FatvRaaviyyah-III/208, 217, 255, 269)

6. Immat by handicapped and sickindividuals:

Blindness Leprosy Lisper Stutter

6.1 Blindness:

(Lawful in absence of any eligible individual)Issue: If a blind person is most learned about rules ofahrat and namz and no one else is available withcorrect faith, correct pronunciation of qirat and non-transgressor-in-public (ghair fsiq-e moalin) thenimmat of that blind person is superlative (afal). (FatvRaaviyyah-III/207)

6.2 Leprosy:

6.2.1 Issue: Namz will be rendered makrooh if performedbehind imm with post-leprosy whole body leucoderma(white discoloration of whole body skin due to healedleprosy10 lesions. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/178)

6.2.2 Issue: A person who is suffering from acute leprosy(lepromatous leprosy marked by oozing pus) withdisfigurement and deformities can do immat of onlythose who are suffering from the same disease. For restof the people (who are not suffering from leprosy),namz will be incorrect behind such individuals. (FatvRaaviyyah-III/215)

6.3 Lisper:

10 Leprosy: A contagious bacterial disease that affects the skin andnerves causing discoloration of the skin and in severe cases,disfigurement and deformities. There are two principal forms ofactive leprosy:

(1) Lepromatous Leprosy: Severe form of acute infection(2) Tuberculoid Leprosy: Milder form of acute infection

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A lisper cannot speak distinctly due to speech defect. Inthis condition pronunciation are incorrect. He willpronounce T ( ) as ( ) and D ( ) as ( ) etc. viz.

Tab'bat- yad abee lahabinv va tabb

A lisper will pronounce this verse as

ab'bat- ya abee lahabinv va abb

Incorrect pronunciation will alter the meaning.

6.3.1 Issue: Namz will be rendered absurd ifperformed behind a lisper imm who cannot speakdistinctly due to speech defect. (Fatv RazaviyyahIII/175, Fatv Khairiyah)

6.4 Stutterer:

One who talks with continued involuntary repetition ofsounds, especially initial consonants is called stutterer.

Issue: There are three sorts of decrees regarding

immat of stutterer.6.4.1 Undoubtedly, namz will be rendered null and

void if imm shutters with involuntary spasmodicrepetition of initial letter of word or pronouncesnon-existing extra letters due to anxiety.

6.4.2 Namz will be rendered null and void if performed

behind imm who has tendency to repeat initialletter of first word of the sentence (for instance,

Q.Q.Q.Qsim). Such letters are not fromQr'n Shareef and hence these letters will becounted as extra and unwanted.

6.4.3 Namz will be in order if performed behind animm who has tendency to pause involuntarilybut does not repeat the initial letter of the wordor pronounce extra sounds.

(Fatv Razaviyyah III/176, Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Ghnyah Shar'-e Mnyah, Noorl Ee,

Murqee'yl Fal, Tanveerl Abr, Fatv Hindiyah)

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7. Immat by Devbandee or Vahbee (Ghair-mqallid) imm:

7.1 Issue: Namz performed behind a Devbandee orVahbee imm is rendered null and void. Far will remaindue on you. Over and above, you will be involved in agreat sin of accepting the leadership of Devbandee orVahbee imm. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/235)

7.2 Issue: Those with Vahbee (Naj'dee) faith are absolutelyirreligious and non-believers. Namz is unlawful behind anon-believer. (Fatv Raaviyyah- III/240)

7.3 Issue: Namz is rendered null and void if performedbehind non-conformist (ghair-mqallid who also callthemselves as ah'l-e adee) imm. Namz performerbehind non-conformist imm will be a sinner.

Further, it should be noted that presence of a Non-conformist (ghair-mqallid) individual in the row of aSnni Mslim congregation would be considered as abreak. Namz of non-conformist is not a valid one.

Therefore he will be present in the row of congregationas non-namz-performer and consequently responsiblefor the break in the row, which is unwanted and ratherunlawful.

Moreover, adee forbids us to perform namz alongwith corrupt belief individuals (bud-mazhab).(Fatv Raaviyyah-III/264)

8. Miscellaneous issues pertaining toimmat:

Immat by imm facing antagonism from mqtadee

Immat by other than designated imm

Immat after sincere repentance from gnh-e kabeerahdeeds

Immat by surreptitious sin doer

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8.1 Immat by imm facing antagonism frommqtadee:

Issue: It is makrooh-e tareemee to continue as imm

after knowing the fact that people are aggravated andinfuriated with him due to religious reasons. (Bahr-eShariat III/116)

8.2 Immat by other than designated imm:

Issue: No one should be allowed to do immat withoutprior permission of designated imm howsoever one maybe a great scholar or excellent imm. It is against theverdict of adee and Shariat. Designated imm hasthe full rights of doing immat in his mosque exceptthere is turmoil in the public because of his wrong qirator his favour for Vahbeeyat or non-conformist (ghair-mqallid) approach and likewise reasons which areproscribed and renders him ineligible for immat.(Raddl-Mtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III / 198)

8.3 Immat after sincere repentance from gnh-ekabeerah deeds:

Issue: If an imm who use to involve in gnh-ekabeerah deeds but does sincere repentance (taubah)11

and strictly refrains from such gnh-e kabeerah deedsthen not the least bit of sin (gnh) remains with him.

There is no harm in continuation of immat. It isabsolutely unlawful to raise objection after sincererepentance (taubah).

adee Shareef:

Supporting this issue Imm Tirmizee has recorded a adee that once uoor-e Aqdas hasnarrated that:

Those who blame their Momin brethren for the sins hehas sincerely repented (taubah), will not die until they

themselves become involved in the same sin.

11 Ibid, Footnote on page 118-119

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Namz of Mo'min

Aforesaid adee is good one (asan) according toarat Mz bin Jabal .(Fatv Raaviyyah-III/225)

8.4 Immat by surreptitious sin doer:

Issue: If imm is involved in sinful acts openly and noneother eligible person is available to take charge as immthen perform namz alone. However, if imm is involvedin sinful acts secretly then do perform namz behind himand do not miss the namz. (Fatv Raaviyyah III/253)

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namāz of mo’min chapter 13 leadership in congregational namāz

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