nad710 introduction to networks using linux
DESCRIPTION
NAD710 Introduction to Networks using LinuxTRANSCRIPT
NAD710 - Introduction to Networks Using Linux
Course Overview
May 28, 2003Professor Tom Mavroidis
Course Text
TCP/IP Network Administration, 3rd Edition
By Craig HuntThird Edition April 2002 0-596-00297-1,
Order Number: 2971
746 pages,
$69.95 CA
Introduction
Never has there been such dramatic changes to the business world as we have seen in the 1990’s with e-business and the Internet.
Architecture of the Internet
Overview of the Internet. Slide from : Computer Networks, Fourth Edition Andrew S. Tanenbaum
Ethernet
Architecture of the original Ethernet.
Slide from : Computer Networks, Fourth Edition Andrew S. Tanenbaum
Search Engines
The role played by Internet has forced companies to get connected to stay relevant so they may compete in today's fast moving markets.
Uses of Computer Networks
• Business Applications• Home Applications• Mobile Users• Social Issues
Slide from : Computer Networks, Fourth Edition Andrew S. Tanenbaum
How was the Internet Built?
In the 60’s and 70’s there were many different networks, protocols and implementations.
Sharing of information among these dissimilar networks soon became a problem.
A common protocol needed to be developed.
Historical Maps of ARPANET
Paul Baran in the 1960s envisioned a communications network that would survive a major enemy attacked. The sketch shows three different network topologies described in his RAND Memorandum, "On Distributed Communications: 1. Introduction to Distributed Communications Network" (August 1964). The distributed network structured offered the best survivability.
A rough sketch map of the possible topology of ARPANET by Larry Roberts
Dr. Lawrence Roberts led the team that designed and developed ARPANET, the world's first major computer packet network. Dr. Roberts, as ARPA's chief scientist, began to architect ARPANET in 1967 influenced by the theoretical packet switching work by Leonard Kleinrock. This research network evolved into the modern Internet.
DARPA
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency funded the exploration of this common protocol.
The TCP/IP protocol suite evolved from the ARPANET protocol suite where the fundamental concept of layering was introduced.
Backbone Protocol
TCP/IP became the backbone protocol of multivendor networks such as ARPANET, NFSNET and other regional networks.
TCP/IP’s Objective
On the battlefield a communications network that sustains damage should be robust enough to automatically recover from any node or phone line failure
A Suite is Born
The protocol suite became popular when it was integrated into the University of California at Berkeley’s UNIX operating system.
TCP/IP- Goodbye proprietary networks
TCP/IP provides the ability to merge different physical networks using a common suite of functions and interoperability between equipment.
TCP/IP Layer Model
When networks first came into being, computer could typically communicate only with computers from the same manufacturer. In the late 1970s, the OSI (Open System Interconnection) model was created by the International Organization for Standardization to break this barrier. The OSI model was meant to help the vendors to create the standard network devices.The OSI model is the Primary architectural model for networks. It describes how data and network information are communicated from application on one computer, through the network media, to an application on another computer. The OSI reference model breaks this approach into Layers.
TCP/IP Layer Model 7 layer OSI model 4 layer DOD model Microsoft’s model
TCP/IP - The need for standards
Gain an understanding of: the OSI and DOD Layer models the 802.x standards
Why standards play such an important role in the growth of the Internet
RFC’s
What are they?The Requests for Comments (RFC)
document series is a set of technical and organizational notes about the Internet (orginally the ARPANET), beginning in 1969. Memos in the RFC series discuss many aspects of computer networking, including protocols, procedures, programs, and concepts, as well as meeting notes, opinions, and sometimes humor
Planning for growth
Selecting the right class for your network
What is CIDR routingPlanning for IPV6 Use private addresses to protect
your network
Subject Goals
Gain an understanding of how Linux fits into today’s networked world
Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of Linux
Learn when a Linux solution is right Install and administer the latest in
Linux applications for resource sharing
Governing Agencies
ICANN The Internet Corporationfor Assigned Names and Numbers
IANA Internet Assigned Numbers authority
IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEEE 802 Specification
The IEEE is a non-profit, technical professional association of more than 377,000 individual members in 150 countries who produces 30 percent of the world's published literature in electrical engineering, computers and control technology. They have defined the following specification
802.1 Internetworking802.2 Logical Link Control802.3 Ethernet CSMA/CD ****802.4 Token bus802.5 Token ring ****802.6 MAN802.7 Broadband802.8 Fiber optic802.9 Integrated Voice/Data802.10 Security802.11 Wireless802.12 Demand Priority Access
Gain an understanding of :
Network InterfacesIP AddressesAddress ResolutionIP RoutingICMPResolving Host Names
You will learn the differences between:
Mac addressIP addressSubnet masksPrivate Addresses Public Addresses Unless you already know the difference in which case you will
review it
Learn Common Linux Network Commands
ifconfig netstat ping traceroute nslookup routedig
Configuring Network Hardware
Kernel Configuration
Linux network devicesSetup EthernetInstall loadable kernel modules
Configuring TCP/IP Networking
Setting the HostnameAssigning IP addresses staticallyAutomatically receiving an address
(DHCP)Subnet masks - what are they and
what do they do?Dividing networks using Subnets
ARP and RARP
The address resolution protocol
How does a machine communicate within the subnet?
When do we need to route using a Layer 3 Protocol?
DNS
Setting up name services (BINDx)How does it resolve names to
addresses and vice-versaYou will setup your machine with the
name service running
Setting up a DNS Nameserver
When you need a nameserverWhy you may prefer to use your
ISP’s DNSConfiguration files
/etc/hosts /etc/resolv.conf
NFS Network File System
Preparing NFSMounting an NFS volumeThe NFS daemonsThe exports file nfsd and mountd exports fileUser vs. Kernel NFS
Connecting Windows to Linux
Samba is an Open Source/Free Software suite that provides seamless file and print services to SMB/CIFS clients
We will discuss and install samba on our machines
Bridges, Routers and Switches
Which device should be used to address a specific design goal?
What the differences are with each of these devices?
Why the layered model approach helps speed up the process required to bring products to market.
Routing and Switching
How does it differ?What devices do we use to
accomplish the task.
Routing Protocols
How information is passed between routers
How they can protect networks or if incorrectly installed expose them
Discuss RIP (routing information protocol) and OSPF (open shortest path first)
Bridging Protocols
Operates at Layer 2 of the OSI modelSmart bridges, allow some form of
intelligence at Layer 3Spanning-Tree Protocol is a link
management protocol that provides path redundancy while preventing undesirable loops in the network.
Network monitoring and Discovery tools
Ethereal - view the packets in real time
Nmap - port scannerNpulse - front end for nmapYou will install and run these
applications on your machines
Installing Networking Hardware
The Physical Install, PCI, ISA, USBDriversKernel ModulesHow is it probed?
Configuring a TCP/IP Network
Assigning IP addresses static (when is it necessary) dhcp (when is it perferable)
Connecting the machines Network configuration Testing/Debugging the network
Wireless LANs - The Future of Networking
(a) Wireless networking with a base station. (b) Ad hoc networking.
Slide from : Computer Networks, Fourth Edition Andrew S. Tanenbaum
Marking
Midterm Test 30%Term Assignments/Labs 30%Final Exam 40%