Mustafa Kemal AtaturkGreat Saviour of

Turks

MOHAMED ALI DHORE

ATATURKOverview□Childhood & Youth□Military Times□WW1□War of Independence□Reformations: Political□Reformations: Clothing□Reformations: Education□Reformations: Economy□Last Years

ATATURKChildhood & YouthChildhood□Born in 1881 – Soluň (Thessaloniki – Salonica)□When he was 8 he lost his dad□His teacher added “Kemal” to his name

Youth□1905 military academy (24)□During studies learned French & German

ATATURKmilitary Times□1905 – 1909 Syria - Soluň (Thessaloniki)□Committee of Union and Progress□1908 Constitutional Monarchy□1910 France□1914 Sofia Custome Ball

ATATURKWW1□1914 WW1 started□1915 Battle of Gallipoli□1918 Fall of Ottoman

ATATURKWAR OF INDEPENDENCE□Ataturk went to Anatolia (19 May 1919)□Ottoman signed Treaty of Sevres (10 August 1920)□Turkish Parliament founded in Ankara (23 April 1920) □From rebels into army □On the east and north against Armenians, on the south

against French, on the west against Greeks (English)

□1923 Treaty of Lausanne□29 October 1923 Turkish Republic

ATATURKReformations: Political

□1922 Ottoman Dynasty dissolved.□1924 Monarchy and Caliphate dissolved.□Secular Republic (Directorate for Religious Affairs)□Swiss Civil Code

ATATURKReformations: CLOTHING

□Burka, Turban, Ottoman Hats etc. are all banned.

ATATURKReformations: Education

□Arabic alphabet changed into Latin alphabet□Girls started to attend schools.□Boarding schools and universities opened.□Turkish Language Inst. / Turkish History Inst.□Ataturk wrote a Geometry book.□Numbers, measures, calendar changed into European style.

ATATURKReformations: Economy

□State factories opened.□Modern agriculture supported.□Land reformation□Huge developments in Train service.□Monday to Friday work days.

ATATURKLast Years

□He travelled whole Turkey.□He never went abroad.□His illness was getting serious (1937)□10 November 1938 he passed away. (57)□He donated all his will to Turkish History / Language Inst.