must – have to – has to - had to - should konu …...must – have to – has to - had to -...
TRANSCRIPT
Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
a) Must: meli – malı.
Bir eylemin yapılmasının zorunluluğunu belirten “must” ile ifade edilen kişinin kendi isteğindenkaynaklanmaktadır.
Olumlu cümle
I must go: Gitmeliyim.
(Ben böyle istemiyorum)
He must do his homework every day.
(O ödevini hergün yapmalıdır.)
You must go home.
Eve gitmelisin.
Olumsuz cümle
özne + mustn’t + fiil + nesne “must” yerine “mustn’t” kullanılır. “Mustn’t” bir
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
eylemin yapılmaması gerektiğini yasak olduğunu belirtir.
You mustn’t park here.
Buraya park etmemelisin.
You mustn’t smoke here.
Burada sigara içmemelisin.
b) Have to / has to : Zorunda olmak
“Have to / has to”da belirtilen eylemin bir yaptırım ile karşılaşılacağı mesajı vardır.
I have to go to work on time.
İşe zamanında gitmek zorundayım (zorunluluk başkaları tarafından konulmuş).
We have to pass our exams.
Sınavlarımızı geçmek zorundayız.
In winter, we have to wear thick clothes.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
Kışın, kalın elbiseler giymek zorundayız.
She is late to airport, she has to take a taxi.
Havaalanına geç kaldı, taksi tutmak zorunda.
özne have to verb1
özne has to verb1
Olumsuz cümle
I don’t have to go to school today.
Bugün okula gitmek zorunda değilim.
He doesn’t have to learn French.
O Fransızca öğrenmek zorunda değil.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
özne don’t have to fiil1
doesn’t has to
Soru cümlesi
Do you have to learn German?
Almanca öğrenmek zorunda mısın?
Yes, I have to.
Evet, öğrenmek zorundayım.
Does she have to learn English?
O, ingilizce öğrenmek zorunda mıdır?
Yes, she has to.
Evet öğrenmek zorundadır.
“Must-have / has to”nun di-li geçmiş hali “had to” dır.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
I had to go to Paris last year.
Geçen yıl Paris’e gitmek zorundaydım.
Soru kelimeleri ile örnekler
Where do you have to go?
Nereye gitmek zorundasın?
When do you have to go?
Ne zaman gitmek zorundasın?
do / does özne have to fiil1 nesne?
has to
c) Should: hafif zorunluluk, gereklilik.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
Should öğüt vermek amacıyla kullanılan bir yapıdır.
You should study harder?
Daha sıkı çalışmalısın.
The weather is cold, you should wear a coat.
Hava soğuk, paltonu giysen iyi olur.
Olumsuz cümlede
Should not: shouldn’t
It is too hot outside, you shouldn’t go out.
Dışarısı aşırı sıcak, dışarı çıkmasan iyi olur.
EXERCISE A: Fiill in the blanks with “have to“ or “has to”
ALI"TIRMA A: Boşlukları “have to” veya “has to”ile doldurun.
1. My class starts at 8. I ……………. hurry up.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
2. It is raining outside you ………… take your umbrella.
3. Nurses ………….. wear a uiform at work.
4. Suellen …………… wash the dishes.
5. Jack ………………. get up early tomorrow.
6. They ……………… write two letters.
7. You …………….. finish the homework today.
EXERCISE B: Complete the sentences using must /mustn’t + verbs in the box.
ALI"TIRMA B: Kutudaki fiilleri must /mustn’t ile kullanarak cümleleri tamamlayınız.
visit
brush
speak
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
drink
smoke
play
eat
go
1. I have got the şu. I …………… to the hospital.
2. You ……….. your teeth twice a day.
3. We often ……….. our grandmother.
4. Students ………… milk every morning.
5. Children ………… play in the street.
6. We ……………. cigarette in public buildings.
7. If you are fat. You ……… sweets.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
8. We ………………. bad words to other people.
EXERCISE C: Choose the correct one.
1. You (must / have to / should) drive on the left side of the road in England.
2. I am very tired. I (must – have to – shouldn’t) sleep.
3. Tomorrow is holiday I (musn’t - don’t have to- shouldn’t get up early.
4. She (mustn’t / doesn’t have to / shouldn’t) eat chocolate. She is fat.
Örnekler:
There is a problem in the report.
Raporda sorun var.
You should work more on it.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
Üzerinde biraz daha çalışmalısın.
- It is too late.
Çok geç oldu.
I must go now.
Gitmeliyim.
- You don’t have to go there.
Oraya gitmek zorunda değilsin.
(Konuşmacı oraya gidip gitmeme kararının size kaldığını söylüyor .)
- You mustn’t go there.
Oraya gitmemelisin.
(Kararı kendiniz veriyorsunuz.)
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
SUMMARY(ÖZET)
1. Must: meli – malı.
Bir eylemin yapılmasının zorunluluğunu belirten “must” ile ifade edilen kişinin
kendi isteğinden kaynaklanmaktadır.
2. Have to / has to : Zorunda olmak
Have to / has to’da belirtilen eylem yapılmadığında bir yaptırım ile karşılaşılacağı mesajı vardır.
Must
a) Zorunluluk gereklilik
Must (bizden kaynaklanan / have to-has to ise dışardan kaynaklanan zorunluluk.)
b) Gözleme dayanan akıl yürütme.
He spends a lat of money. He must be rich. O çok para harcıyor.O zengin olmalı.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
c) Yasaklar için.
You musn’t drive fast. Hızlı araba kullanmamalısın.
Have / Has To
Kullanıldığında mecburiyetin cümleyi söyleyen kişiden kaynaklanmadığını, kendi
yetkisi dışındaki mecburiyeti dile getirdiği anlaşılmalı.
You have to wear a tie at school.
Okulda kıravat takman lazım. (Kural haline gelen bir mecburiyeti belirtiyor.)
Should
a) Gereklilik ve tavsiye içerir.
You should eat less, you are too fat.
b) Zorunluluk
You should clean your teeth every morning.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
c) Akıl yürütme, tahmin
She is dancing well, she should be a dancer.
Don’t have to: Needn’t
You don’t have to clean the windows.
Pencereleri temizlemenize gerek yok.
VOCABULARY
aunt : hala, teyze
authority : otorite
book : kitap
car : araba
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
change : değiştirmek
development : gelişim
door : kap
face : yüz
friend : arkadaş
idea : fikir
interest : ilgi
job : meslek
law : kanun
level : seviye
line ; çizgi, hat
market : market
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
minister : bakan
mother : anne
name : isim
need : ihtiyaç duymak
nephew : erkek yeğen
niece : kız yeğen
office : büro
order : ısmarlamak, düzen
other : diğer
period : dönem
person : kişi
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
policy : politika
process : süreç
rate : oran
reason : sebep
report : rapor
result : sonuç
right : sağ, doğru
room : oda
study : çalışma
subject : konu
surname : soyisim
term : dönem
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
uncle : amca, dayı
use : kullanmak
voice : ses
war : savaş
water : su
TEST X
1. I ........................... to go to work on time.
a) has
b) hasn’t to
c) have to
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
d) haven’t
2. She ........................... get up early every day.
a) haven’t to
b) has to
c) isn’t
d) don’t
3. We ........................... go to London last year.
a) have to
b) has to
c) won’t
d) had to
4. I have got the şu, I ......................... go to the hospıtal.
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
a) could
b) was
c) must
d) doesn’t
5. You ........................... study harder.
a) should
b) doesn’t
c) hasn’t
d) has to
6. He doesn’t ........................... clean his room.
a) has
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
b) have
c) has to
d) have to
7. We ........................... speak loudly in class.
a) most
b) have to
c) has
d) mustn’t
8. Children ........................... play with the matches.
a) mustn’t
b) have to
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Must – Have to – Has to - Had to - should Konu Anlatım ve Test
c) has to
d) must
9. Does he ........................... clean his room.
a) has
b) has to
c) have
d) have to
TEST X1. c2. b3. d4. c5. a6. d7. d8. b9. d
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