muslims in world civilization. topics optics mathematics medicine literature arts games cities...
TRANSCRIPT
Topics
• Optics
• Mathematics
• Medicine
• Literature
• Arts
• Games
• Cities
• Scholarship
• Zoology
• Astronomy
• Irrigation
• Geography
Cities & Architecture• Baghdad: center of
trade & learning
• Cairo: university
• Cordoba: largest
city in the west
• Mosques: place of
worship
Scholarship & Learning
• Schools & libraries
• House of Wisdom
• Translated Greek
books into Arabic
• Philosophy &
religion compared
reason & revelation
Zoology
• Dissection & anatomy of animals
• Al-Jahiz: animals adapt to their environment (evolution)
• Al-Damiri: encyclopedia
• Zoos
Astronomy
• Mapped the stars
• Improved the astrolabe
• Rotation of the earth
• Sun-centered universe
Geography
• Map making
• Travel writing
• Calculated the
circumference
of the earth
Al-Biruni used latitude & longitude to measure the earth.
He theorized that the earth spins on its axis.
Optics
• Mirrors for reflection
& refraction
• Structure of the eye
• Eye surgery
• Early lenses
Al-Haitham built a pinhole camera to model the eye.
MathematicsAl-Kwarizmi:
• Zero
• Arabic (Indian) numbers
• Long division
• Algebra
Al-Battani:
• Trig: ratios of triangles Al-Kwarizmi
Medicine • Hospitals
• Medical textbooks
• Studied diseases
• Surgery
• Stitches
• Casts
• Pharmacies:
– Antiseptics
– Anesthesia
Al-Razi: “Allah has provided a cure for every disease.”
Some Famous Doctors
• Al-Razi studied how disease is spread by contact.
• Al-Zahrawi invented surgical instruments.
• Ibn Sina wrote The Canon of Medicine.