music compilation

8/10/2019 Music Compilation

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Davao Wisdom Academy

School Year 2013-2014

COMPILATION OF

MUSIC 8

Submitted By:Karen B. Belarmino

Submitted To:Ms. Joyce Encarnacion

Date: ______________


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank Maam Joyce Encarnacion for giving

this kind of project. This last project you gave to us is

surely useful. I thank you also for your courage in

teaching us about music and for such an expert guidance

to us. Without your guidance and persistent help, we

may not able to learn about music ways.

I would also like to thank my mother and father whoassisted and helped me in this project like the expenses

of materials needed in this work.


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KAREN

FUNNY, MATH FREAK AND CONSIDERATE

DAUGHTER OF MA. TERESAAND ROLANDO

LOVER OF EATING LASAGNA, WATCHING DRAMASAND K-POP

WHO LOVES COLOR PINKAND IVORY WHITE

WHO IS SKILLFULL AT DANCING AND SINGING

WHO FEELS HAPPY WITH FRIENDS

WHO FEARS SNAKES, BEING SCOLDEDAND TOO MUCH HOMEWORK

WHO WOULD LIKE TO SEE THE GRAND CANYON, EIFFEL TOWERAND K-POP IDOLS

LIKE TO ATTEND AN EXCELLENT COLLEGE IN THE FUTURE

DREAM TO BE AN ASTRONAUT, SUCCESSFUL IN THE FUTUREAND WORLD PEACE

LIVE IN COUNTRY HOMES CABANTIAN, DAVAO CTY, PHILIPPINES

BELARMINO


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Table of Contents

Music of China

Music of India

Music of Japanese.

Asian Theatre

Music of Indonesia


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MUSIC OF CHINA

HISTORY

According to legends, the founder of music in Chinese mythology was Ling Lun at the time of the Yellow

Emperor, who made bamboo pipes tuned to the sounds of birds including the phoenix. A twelve-tone

musical system was created based on the pitches of the bamboo pipes, and the first of these pipes

produced the "yellow bell" () pitch, and set of tune bells were then created from the pipes.

EARLY HISTORY

During the Zhou Dynasty, a formal system of court and ceremonial music later termed yayue was

established. Music in the Zhou Dynasty was conceived as a cosmological manifestation of the sound of

nature that is integrated into the binary universal order of yin and yang, and this concept has enduring

influence later Chinese thinking on music. A "correct" music according to Zhou concept would involves

instruments correlating to the five elements of nature and would bring harmony to nature. Around or

before the 7th century BC, a system of pitch generation appeared based on a ratio 2:3 symbolizing

Heaven and Earth, and pentatonic scale was derived from a cycle-of-fifths theory.

Chinese philosophers took varying approaches to music. To Confucius, a correct form of music is

important for the cultivation and refinement of the individual, and the Confucian system considers the

formal music yayue to be morally uplifting and the symbol of a good ruler and stable government. Mozi

however condemned music and argued in Against Music () that music is an extravagance and

indulgence that serves no useful purpose and may be harmful. According to Mencius, a powerful ruler

once asked him whether it was moral if he preferred popular music to the classics. The answer was that

it only mattered that the ruler loved his subjects.


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CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSIC

Chinese music can be traced back as far as the third millennium B.C.

Manuscripts and instruments from the early periods of its history are

not extant, however, because in 212 B.C., Shih Huang-ti of the Ch'in

dynasty caused all the books and instruments to be destroyed and the

practice of music to be stopped. Certain outlines of ancient Chinese

music have nevertheless been ascertained. Of primary significance is

the fact that the music and philosophy of China have always been

inseparably bound; musical theory and form have been invariably

symbolic in nature and remarkably stable through the ages. Ancient

Chinese hymns were slow and solemn and were accompanied by very

large orchestras. Chamber music was also highly developed. Chinese

opera originated in the 14th century as a serious and refined art.


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PROMINENT PEOPLE

Confucius:

China's Foremost Philosopher of Music

Confucius is said to have lived about 2,500 or so years ago. He iscredited for setting the tone for much traditional Chinese music for

thousands of years. He is thought that he was a prominent music

teacher and a talented musician who was able to play several

instruments expertly. He also was China's foremost social philosopher.

In Confucian teachings, the purpose and role of music are laid out and

the qualities of "good music" are defined.


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MUSICAL INSTRUMENT

Musical instruments were traditionally classified into 8 categories

known as bayin. Traditional music in China is played on solo

instruments or in small ensembles of plucked and bowed stringed

instruments, flutes, and various cymbals, gongs, and drums. The scale is

pentatonic. Bamboo pipes and qin are among the oldest known musical

instruments from China; instruments are traditionally divided intocategories based on their material of composition: animal skins, gourd,

bamboo, wood, silk, earth/clay, metal, and stone. Chinese orchestras

traditionally consist of bowed strings, woodwinds, plucked strings and

percussion.

Instruments

Woodwind and percussion

dizi, sheng, paigu, gong, paixiao, guan, bells, cymbals, bottle gourd silk

Bowed strings

erhu, zhonghu, dahu, banhu, jinghu, gaohu, gehu, yehu, cizhonghu,

diyingehu, leiqin

Plucked and struck strings

guqin, sanxian, yueqin, yangqin, guzheng, ruan, konghou, liuqin, pipa,zhu


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MUSIC OF INDIA

HISTORY

The music of India includes multiple varieties of folk music, pop, and Indian

classical music. India's classical music tradition, including Hindustani music and

Carnatic, has a history spanning millennia and developed over several eras. Music

in India began as an integral part of socio-religious life. Indian music is essentially

melodic: sounds follow one another expressing an emotional state in an aesthetic

unity.

CHARACTERISTICS

The characteristics of Indian music depends on its type. Several types of music are

in India like classical, folk, and rabindra sangeet. For instance, Lavani music, a

combination of dance and music has an upbeat tempo.

PROMINENT PEOPLE

Purandara Dasa is considered the father of Carnatic music, while Tyagaraja,

Shyama Shastry and Muthuswami Dikshitar are considered the trinity of Carnatic

music.

Noted artists of Carnatic Music include Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar (the father of

the current concert format), Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, MS Subbulakshmi,Lalgudi Jayaraman and more recently Balamuralikrishna, TN Seshagopalan, K J

Yesudas, N. Ramani, Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman, Sanjay Subrahmanyan, TM

Krishna, Bombay Jayashri, Aruna Sairam and Mysore Manjunath.


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MUSICAL INSTRUMENT

The most often heard instruments in Hindustani, or North Indian classical music.

The violin, which is also used in Europe, is not included on this page, although its

(non-tempered) structure is perfectly suitable for playing authentic Indian

Classical Music based on vocal music. Those instruments, which are rarely heard

on stage (eg. jaltarang, dilruba etc.) were also left out of the list, as well as the

folk instruments (eg. khung, murchang, dhol etc.), which can be a lot of fun for

the traveller of the Indian countryside, who meets musicians on their way. The

following instruments are discussed on the site:

bansuri

harmonium

pakhawaj

rudra-vina

santur

sarangi

sarod

shehnai

surbahar

sitar

tabla

tanpura


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MUSIC OF JAPANESE

HISTORY

The music of Japan includes a wide array of performers in distinct styles both traditional and

modern. The word for music in Japanese is(ongaku), combining the kanji("on" sound)

with the kanji("gaku" music). Japan is the second largest music market in the world, with a

total retail value of 4,422.0 million dollars in 2012 and most of the market is dominated by

Japanese artists with 44 of the top 50 best-selling album sand 46 of the top 50 best-selling

singles in 2013.

Local music often appears at karaoke venues, which is on lease from the record labels.

Traditional Japanese music is quite different from Western music as it is often based on the

intervals of human breathing rather than mathematical timing.

CHARACTERISTICS

Traditional Japanese music usually refers to Japan's historical folk music. One of the defining

characteristics of traditional Japanese music is its sparse rhythm. Regular chords are also

absent. It is impossible for a person to beat time to the music. All of the rhythms are ma-based,

and silence is an important part of the songs. The focus is on creating music that flows in an

attempt to mirror the behavior of nature. It is regular for songs to start off at an extremely slow

pace and to pick up speed as they progress. Then, they get slow again before transitioning into

long and drawn out finishes.

PROMINENT PEOPLE

Izawa Shuji compiled songs like "Auld Lang Syne" and commissioned songs using a pentatonic

melody. Western music, especially military marches, soon became popular in Japan. Two major

forms of music that developed during this period were shoka, which was composed to bring

western music to schools, and gunka, which are military marches with some Japanese

elements.


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MUSICAL INSTRUMENT

The biwa(- Chinese: pipa), a form of short-necked lute, was played by a

group of itinerant performers (biwa hshi) () who used it to accompany

stories. The most famous of these stories is The Tale of the Heike, a 12th-century

history of the triumph of the Minamoto clan over the Taira. Biwa hshi began

organizing themselves into a guild-like association (td) for visually impaired

men as early as the thirteenth century. This guild eventually controlled a large

portion of the musical culture of Japan.

The taikois a Japanese drum that comes in various sizes and is used to play a

variety of musical genres.


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ASIAN THEATRE

HISTORY

The history of theatre charts the development of theatre over the past 2,500 years. While

performative elements are present in every society, it is customary to acknowledge a

distinction between theatre as an art form and entertainment and theatrical or performative

elements in other activities. The history of theatre is primarily concerned with the origin and

subsequent development of the theatre as an autonomous activity. Since classical Athens in the

6th century BCE, vibrant traditions of theatre have flourished in cultures across the world.

Theatre probably arose as a performance of ritual activities that did not require initiation on the

part of the spectator. This similarity of early theatre to ritual is negatively attested by Aristotle,

who in his Poetics defined theatre in contrast to the performances of sacred mysteries: theatre

did not require the spectator to fast, drink the kykeon, or march in a procession; however

theatre did resemble the sacred mysteries in the sense that it brought purification and healing

to the spectator by means of a vision, the theama. The physical location of such performances

was accordingly named theatron.


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CHARACTERISTICS

There is no single Asian theatre. There are a number of theatrical forms in Asia-- Sanskrit drama

in India; Beijing Opera in China; Kabuki, Bunraku (traditional Japanese puppet theatre) and Noh

drama in Japan. Although they share several common characteristics, each theatrical form is

different.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

MUSIC OF INDONESIA

HISTORY

The history of music of Indonesia demonstrates its cultural diversity, the local musical

creativity, as well as subsequent foreign musical influences that shaped contemporary music

scenes of Indonesia. Nearly thousands of Indonesian islands.This results in hundreds of

different forms of music, which often accompanies dance and theatre.

CHARACTERISTICS

Indonesian music is often very rhythmic and percussive, as the most common instrument in

Indonesian music is a type of metallophone called the gamelan. This style of music is often

accompanied by energetic dancing and singing.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENT

Gamelan

The most popular and famous form of Indonesian music is probably gamelan, an ensemble of

tuned percussion instruments that include metallophones, drums, gongs and spike fiddles along

with bamboo flutes. Similar ensembles are prevalent throughout Indonesia and Malaysia,

however gamelan is originated from Java, Bali, and Lombok.


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Kecapi suling

Kecapi suling is a type of instrumental music that is highly improvisational and popular in parts

of West Java that employs two instruments, kecapi (zither) and suling (bamboo flute). It is

related to tembang sunda.

Angklung

Angklung is a bamboo musical instrument native to Sundanese people of West Java. It is made

out of bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame. The tubes are carved so that they have a

distinctive resonant pitch when being vibrated. Each angklung only plays one note.

Kulintang

Kolintang or kulintang is a bronze and wooden percussion instrument native to eastern

Indonesia and also The Philippines. In Indonesia it is particularly associated with Minahasa

people of North Sulawesi, however it also popular in Maluku and Timor.

Sasando

Sasando is a plucked string instrument native of Rote island of East Nusa Tenggara. The parts of

sasando are a bamboo cylinder surrounded by several wedges where the strings are stretched,

surrounded by a bag-like fan of dried lontar or palmyra leafs (Borassus flabellifer), functioned asthe resonator of the instrument.


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