muscles of the upper extremity anatomy atlas
DESCRIPTION
Muscles of the Upper Extremity Anatomy Atlas This is a visual guide I created as a laboratory study resource for my BIOL 121 Anatomy and Physiology I students on the muscles of the upper extremity. Credits: All photography, text, and labels by Rob Swatski, Associate Professor of Biology, Harrisburg Area Community College - York Campus, York, PA. Email: [email protected] This work bears an Attribution-Noncommercial Share Alike Creative Commons license, and is also available as individual pages (.jpg) on my Flickr site: http://www.flickr.com/photos/rswatskiTRANSCRIPT
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The Muscles of the Upper Extremity
- A Visual Guide -
Anatomy & Physiology I
BIOL 121
Rob Swatski
Associate Professor of Biology
HACC - York Campus
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Frontalis
Draws back scalp, wrinkles forehead,
raises eyebrows 2
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Frontalis
3
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Occipitalis
Draws back scalp, wrinkles forehead 4
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Auricularis anterior
Moves the ear 5
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Orbicularis oculi
Closes eyelids; used in blinking,
winking, and squinting 6
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Orbicularis oculi
7
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Zygomaticus major
Draws angles of mouth upward
and outward; major muscle
used in smiling and laughing 8
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Zygomaticus major
9
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Zygomaticus major
10
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Orbicularis oris
Closes and protrudes lips;
the "kissing muscle“; used
in whistling and forming many letters
during speech 11
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Orbicularis oris
12
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Risorius
Draws angles of mouth
laterally; used in grinning 13
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Depressor anguli oris (Triangularis)
Draws angles of mouth
downward and laterally when
opening mouth; used in
frowning 14
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Depressor anguli oris (Triangularis)
15
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Buccinator
Draws angles of mouth laterally;
compresses cheek;
used to create
sucking action 16
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Mentalis
Elevates and protrudes lower lip;
used in pouting 17
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Platysma
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Platysma.png
Draws down lower lip and angles of mouth; tenses skin of the neck; helps depress mandible 18
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Masseter
Elevates mandible
when chewing and slightly protracts it 19
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Masseter
20
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Temporalis
Elevates, retracts, and assists in side-to-side movement of mandible 21
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Genioglossus
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Genioglossus.png
Protracts and depresses tongue 22
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Styloglossus
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Styloglossus.png
Retracts and elevates tongue 23
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Stylohyoid
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Musculi_colli_stylohyoideus.svg
Retracts and elevates the hyoid bone 24
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Sternocleidomastoid
Contraction of one side: laterally flexes neck, rotates head to opposite side Contraction of both sides together: flexes neck 25
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Sternocleidomastoid
26
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Semispinalis capitis
Extends head and rotates it to opposite side 27
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Splenius capitis
Extends and hyperextends head; Contraction of only one side laterally flexes and rotates head and neck 28
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Splenius capitis
29
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Trapezius
Elevates, depresses,
retracts, and rotates scapula;
rotates arm 30
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Trapezius
31
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Trapezius
32
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Latissimus dorsi
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm;
draws shoulder downward and
backward 33
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Latissimus dorsi
34
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Pectoralis major
Adducts and medially rotates arm; flexes and
extends humerus 35
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Pectoralis major
36
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Serratus anterior
Abducts and protracts scapula 37
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Serratus anterior
38
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Deltoid
Flexes, medially rotates, and abducts arm 39
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Coracobrachialis Flexes and adducts humerus
40
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Coracobrachialis
41
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Supraspinatus
Abducts arm; stabilizes head of humerus in glenoid cavity; one of the "rotator cuff" muscles 42
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Infraspinatus
Laterally rotates shoulder; stabilizes head of humerus in glenoid cavity; one of the "rotator cuff" muscles 43
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Teres minor
Laterally rotates arm; one of the "rotator cuff" muscles 44
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Teres major
Medially rotates and adducts arm 45
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Biceps brachii
Flexes and supinates forearm 46
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Biceps brachii
47
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Brachialis
Flexes elbow 48
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Triceps brachii
Extends forearm 49
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Triceps brachii
50
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Anconeus
Extends forearm and stabilizes elbow joint
51
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Anconeus
52
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Brachioradialis Flexes elbow
53
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Pronator teres Pronates forearm and
assists in flexing elbow
54
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Flexor carpi radialis Flexes wrist and abducts hand
55
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Palmaris longus
Flexes wrist
56
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Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes and adducts wrist
57
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Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extends wrist and abducts hand
58
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Extensor digitorum
Extends fingers and wrist
59
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External intercostals
Elevates rib cage 60
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Internal intercostals
Draws ribs together and depresses rib cage 61
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Pectoralis minor
Elevates 3rd-5th ribs during forced inspiration 62
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Diaphragm
Flattens on contraction,
increasing volume of
thorax during inspiration 63
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External oblique
Compresses abdomen; laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column 64
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External oblique
65
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Internal oblique
Compresses abdomen; laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column 66
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Transversus abdominis
Constricts abdomen and supports abdominal viscera 67
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Transversus abdominis
68
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Rectus abdominis
Compresses abdominal cavity and flexes vertebral column 69
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Quadratus lumborum
Flexes lumbar region of vertebral
column laterally to the same
side; stabilizes and extends
lumbar vertebrae 70
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Quadratus lumborum
71
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Spinalis group of erector spinae
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spinalis.png Extends vertebral column 72
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Longissimus group of erector spinae
Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column 73
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Iliocostalis group of erector spinae
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Longissimus.png
Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column 74
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Levator ani
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Levator_ani.png
Forms floor of pelvic cavity; assists in defecation 75
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Anconeus: 51-52 Auricularis anterior: 5 Biceps brachii: 46-47 Brachialis: 48 Brachioradialis: 53 Buccinator: 16 Coracobrachialis: 40-41 Deltoid: 39 Depressor anguli oris: 14-15 Diaphragm: 63 Extensor carpi radialis longus: 58 Extensor digitorum: 59 External intercostals: 60 External oblique: 64-65 Flexor carpi radialis: 55 Flexor carpi ulnaris: 57 Frontalis: 2-3 Genioglossus: 22 Iliocostalis group of erector spinae: 74 Infraspinatus: 43 Internal intercostals: 61 Internal oblique: 66 Latissimus dorsi: 33-34 Levator ani: 75 Longissimus group of erector spinae: 73 Masseter: 19-20 Mentalis: 17
Occipitalis: 4 Orbicularis oculi: 6-7 Orbicularis oris: 11-12 Palmaris longus: 56 Pectoralis major: 35-36 Pectoralis minor: 62 Platysma: 18 Pronator teres: 54 Quadratus lumborum: 70-71 Rectus abdominis: 69 Risorius: 13 Semispinalis capitis: 27 Serratus anterior: 37-38 Spinalis group of erector spinae: 72 Splenius capitis: 28-29 Sternocleidomastoid: 25-26 Styloglossus: 23 Stylohyoid: 24 Supraspinatus: 42 Temporalis: 21 Teres major: 45 Teres minor: 44 Transversus abdominis: 67-68 Trapezius: 30-32 Triceps brachii: 49-50 Zygomaticus major: 8-10
INDEX
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Credits All photographs and labels by Rob Swatski, 2009-2012
http://robswatski.virb.com
This work bears an Attribution-Noncommercial Share Alike Creative Commons license.
Visit my website for more Anatomy study resources!
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