Muscles of the Shoulder Complex

Mr. Brewer

Shoulder Movements

1. Shoulder Flexion2. Shoulder Extension3. Humeral Abduction* 4. Humeral Adduction*5. Humeral Internal Rotation(IR)6. Humeral External Rotation(ER)7. Scapular Protraction/Retraction8. Scapular Elevation/Depression9. Elbow Flexion/Extension

*= In multiple planeshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twWWa7F5qxU

Upper Arm Muscles• Elbow Flexion(3): • All of the following muscles take part in flexion of the elbow:

– Biceps Brachii (Standard Grip)– Brachialis (Reverse Grip)– Brachioradialis (Neutral Grip)

• AKA “Hammer Curl”

• Elbow Extension(1):– Triceps Brachii

Biceps Brachii Brachioradialis Brachialis

Shoulder Muscles(HUMERAL movements)

• Humeral Flexion/Extension:– Deltoid Muscles(3):

• Anterior Deltoid – “Shoulder Flexion”

• Posterior Deltoid – “Shoulder Extension”

• Humeral ABduction:– Deltoid:

• Middle Deltoid – “Lateral Flexion”

• Humeral ADDuction:– Pectoralis Major (And Horizontal

Adduction)– Latissimus Dorsi

Scapular Muscle Movements

Scapular Muscle Movements• Scapular Retraction (Adduction):

– Rhomboid Major– Rhomboid Minor

• Scapular Protraction(Abduction):– Pectoralis Major(Humeral Adduction)– Pectoralis Minor– Serratus Anterior

• Scapular Elevation:– Levator Scapulae– Trapezius (Upper Trap)

• Scapular Depression:– Trapezius (Lower Trap)

1.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRIz6oOA0Vs

2.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LF7oST34r4s

Other Scapular Movements

Rotator Cuff Muscles

• Internal Rotation:– Subscapularis SITS:

• External Rotation: Supraspinatus– Infraspinatus Infraspinatus– Teres Minor Teres MINOR– Supraspinatus Subscapularis

• “Scaption”:– Supraspinatus

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfUmN_V-28w – General Rotator Cuff

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qj87kCy5HOk – W/ Movements

Scapula Stabilizer MusclesAny muscle that attaches to and supports the

scapula can be considered a scapula stabilizer.

Maintaining strength and endurance in these muscles are crucial for upper body posture, which if taken care of properly, can prevent many chronic injuries to the top half of the body.

List of major muscles that support the scapula:1. Trapezius2. Rhomboids3. Levator Scapulae4. Pectoralis Minor5. Serratus Anterior6. All 4 Rotator Cuff Muscles* There are a few others that attach to the scapula and therefore give support; however, these muscles play the biggest role in scapular positioning.