BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCAN Brain scan is an interactive quiz for use Brain scan is an interactive quiz for use

as a revision/ learning reinforcement tool as a revision/ learning reinforcement tool that accompanies the theory package.that accompanies the theory package.

To answer a question click the mouse on To answer a question click the mouse on the gold diamond shapes.the gold diamond shapes.

To return to the questions from an To return to the questions from an answer slide click anywhere.answer slide click anywhere. To progress click on ‘next question’.To progress click on ‘next question’.

BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. By relaxing.By relaxing.

1.1. How do muscles work?How do muscles work?

B.B. By shortening or By shortening or contracting.contracting.

C.C. By lengthening & By lengthening & relaxing.relaxing.

D.D. By stretching.By stretching.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Smooth, soft & hard.Smooth, soft & hard.

2.2. There are 3 types of muscle what are There are 3 types of muscle what are they?they?

B.B. Smooth, cardiac & roughSmooth, cardiac & rough

C.C. Long, short & flat. Long, short & flat.

D.D. Smooth, cardiac & Smooth, cardiac & skeletal.skeletal.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. It’s the biggest muscle It’s the biggest muscle in the body.in the body.

3.3. What is special about cardiac muscle?What is special about cardiac muscle?

B.B. It’s very strong.It’s very strong.

C.C. It never gets tired.It never gets tired.

D.D. It has no fat on it.It has no fat on it.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. 10%10%

4.4. How much of our body weight is muscle?How much of our body weight is muscle?

B.B. 30%.30%.

C.C. 20%20%

D.D. 40%.40%.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Bends the arm at the Bends the arm at the elbow.elbow.

5.5. What does the triceps do?What does the triceps do?

B.B. Straightens the leg at Straightens the leg at the knee.the knee.

C.C. Straightens the arm at Straightens the arm at the elbow.the elbow.

D.D. Allows us to move our Allows us to move our head.head.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Front of the thigh.Front of the thigh.

6.6. Where would you find the quadriceps?Where would you find the quadriceps?

B.B. Back of the thigh.Back of the thigh.

C.C. Lower leg.Lower leg.

D.D. The upper arm.The upper arm.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. By ligaments.By ligaments.

7.7. How are muscles attached to bone?How are muscles attached to bone?

B.B. By bone.By bone.

C.C. By tendons.By tendons.

D.D. By a synovial By a synovial membrane.membrane.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Cooperative muscle Cooperative muscle action.action.

8.8. Muscles work against each other to Muscles work against each other to create movement. What is it called create movement. What is it called when muscles work this way?when muscles work this way?

B.B. Antagonistic muscle Antagonistic muscle action.action.

C.C. Aggressive muscle Aggressive muscle action.action.

D.D. Muscle flexion action.Muscle flexion action.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. The static mover.The static mover.

9.9. What is the moving muscle called during What is the moving muscle called during muscle contraction?muscle contraction?

B.B. The antagonist.The antagonist.

C.C. The synergist.The synergist.

D.D. The prime mover.The prime mover.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Isostatic, isometric & Isostatic, isometric & isokinetic.isokinetic.

10.10.There are 3 types of muscle contraction. There are 3 types of muscle contraction. What are they? What are they?

B.B. Isotonic, isometric & Isotonic, isometric & isokinetic.isokinetic.

C.C. Isometric, isolated & Isometric, isolated & isotonic.isotonic.

D.D. Isotonic, isostar & Isotonic, isostar & isokinetic.isokinetic.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Fast & slow twitch.Fast & slow twitch.

11.11.There are 2 types of muscle fibre. What There are 2 types of muscle fibre. What are they?are they?

B.B. Quick & slow twitch.Quick & slow twitch.

C.C. Fast & slow Fast & slow contraction.contraction.

D.D. Fast & slow flex.Fast & slow flex.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Contract slow with a lot Contract slow with a lot of force, white in colour, of force, white in colour, tire easily, suited to tire easily, suited to endurance activities.endurance activities.

12.12.What are the characteristics of fast What are the characteristics of fast twitch fibres?twitch fibres?

B.B. Contract fast with a lot of Contract fast with a lot of force, white in colour, don’t force, white in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to tire easily, suited to endurance activitiesendurance activities..

C.C. Contract slow with a lot of Contract slow with a lot of force, red in colour, tire force, red in colour, tire easily, suited to strength & easily, suited to strength & power activitiespower activities

D.D. Contract fast with a lot of Contract fast with a lot of force, white in colour, tire force, white in colour, tire easily, suited to strength & easily, suited to strength & power activities.power activities.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Stomach muscles.Stomach muscles.

13.13.The gastrocnemius is another name for The gastrocnemius is another name for which muscle?which muscle?

B.B. Calf muscle.Calf muscle.

C.C. Thigh muscles.Thigh muscles.

D.D. Chest muscles.Chest muscles.

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. Contract slowly,without much Contract slowly,without much force, red in colour, don’t tire force, red in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to endurance easily, suited to endurance activityactivity..

14.14.What are the characteristics of slow What are the characteristics of slow twitch muscle fibres?twitch muscle fibres?

B.B. Contract slowly,without much Contract slowly,without much force, blue in colour, don’t tire force, blue in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to sprint activityeasily, suited to sprint activity..

C.C. Contract quickly,without much Contract quickly,without much force, red in colour, don’t tire force, red in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to endurance easily, suited to endurance activityactivity

D.D. Contract slowly, with force, red Contract slowly, with force, red in colour, tire easily, suited to in colour, tire easily, suited to endurance activityendurance activity

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BRAIN SCANBRAIN SCANMUSCLESMUSCLES

A.A. The point where a The point where a muscle is attached muscle is attached across a bone.across a bone.

15.15.What is the origin?What is the origin?

B.B. The point where a The point where a muscle is attached to muscle is attached to a moving bone.a moving bone.

C.C. The point where a The point where a muscle is attached to muscle is attached to bone.bone.

D.D. The point where a The point where a muscle is attached to muscle is attached to a stationary bone.a stationary bone.

END QUIZ

EXAM QUESTIONS

EXTENSION QUESTIONS

CORRECT!!CORRECT!!!!

INCORRECTINCORRECT!!

EXTENSION QUESTIONSEXTENSION QUESTIONS How does your nervous system help your muscles to work?How does your nervous system help your muscles to work? What does involuntary mean & which muscles are What does involuntary mean & which muscles are

involuntary?involuntary? How are tendons attached to a bone?How are tendons attached to a bone? Muscles are attached at both ends to different bones. What Muscles are attached at both ends to different bones. What

is the point called where the muscle is attached to the is the point called where the muscle is attached to the stationary bone?stationary bone?

When muscles are relaxed they still have some tension but When muscles are relaxed they still have some tension but not enough to cause movement. When a muscle is held in not enough to cause movement. When a muscle is held in this state what is this state known as?this state what is this state known as?

What kind of sport are more suited to if you have lots of fast What kind of sport are more suited to if you have lots of fast twitch fibres?twitch fibres?

Muscles are made up of cells. What are these cells called?Muscles are made up of cells. What are these cells called? What happens to a muscle’s shape when it contracts?What happens to a muscle’s shape when it contracts?

ANSWERS

EXAM QUESTIONSEXAM QUESTIONS1.1. What attaches muscle to bone?What attaches muscle to bone? (1 mark)(1 mark)

2.2. IN which part of the body would you find the following muscles; Quadriceps, gluteus IN which part of the body would you find the following muscles; Quadriceps, gluteus maximus, pectorals, gastrocnemius & hamstrings.maximus, pectorals, gastrocnemius & hamstrings. (5 marks)(5 marks)

3.3. Name 3 different types of muscle in the body.Name 3 different types of muscle in the body. (3 marks)(3 marks)

4.4. Explain how muscles work together to produce & control movement. Give an Explain how muscles work together to produce & control movement. Give an example to illustrate your answer.example to illustrate your answer. (5 (5 marks)marks)

5.5. What is muscle tone?What is muscle tone? (2 marks)(2 marks)

6.6. Explain what happens to a muscle in a state of either hypertrophy or atrophy & give Explain what happens to a muscle in a state of either hypertrophy or atrophy & give an example of when this occurs.an example of when this occurs. (3 marks)(3 marks)

7.7. Where in the body are the hamstring muscles? What movement takes place when Where in the body are the hamstring muscles? What movement takes place when these muscles contract?these muscles contract? (2 marks)(2 marks)

8.8. Give 1 type of muscle fibre. Outline the benefits of this type of muscle fibre in sport Give 1 type of muscle fibre. Outline the benefits of this type of muscle fibre in sport & physical activity.& physical activity. (4 marks)(4 marks)

9.9. In which part of the body are the pectoral muscles?In which part of the body are the pectoral muscles? (1 mark)(1 mark)

10.10. Name 2 muscles that work together at the elbow to bend & straighten the arm.Name 2 muscles that work together at the elbow to bend & straighten the arm.(2 marks)(2 marks)

11.11. What is the heart made of?What is the heart made of? (1 mark)(1 mark)

12.12. How do muscles respond to exercise & how do they respond to under exercise?How do muscles respond to exercise & how do they respond to under exercise?(4 marks)(4 marks)

ANSWERS

EXTENSION ANSWERSEXTENSION ANSWERS Signals from your brain travel through the nervous system Signals from your brain travel through the nervous system

& tell the muscle to move.& tell the muscle to move. Involuntary means that you have no control over it & they Involuntary means that you have no control over it & they

work by themselves such as in the stomach, gut, bladder & work by themselves such as in the stomach, gut, bladder & blood vessels.blood vessels.

Tendons are attached to bone by being embedded in the Tendons are attached to bone by being embedded in the periosteum.periosteum.

The origin.The origin. This state is known as muscle tone.This state is known as muscle tone. Sports that require bursts of strength & power.Sports that require bursts of strength & power. Muscle fibres.Muscle fibres. It shortens.It shortens.

EXAM ANSWERSEXAM ANSWERS1.1. Tendons.Tendons.

2.2. Thigh, buttocks, chest, calf/back of lower leg, upper leg at the back of the thigh.Thigh, buttocks, chest, calf/back of lower leg, upper leg at the back of the thigh.

3.3. Smooth, skeletal, cardiac.Smooth, skeletal, cardiac.

4.4. Muscles pull on bones so must work in pairs. One will contract while the other Muscles pull on bones so must work in pairs. One will contract while the other relaxes e.g biceps & triceps in the upper arm. The bicep contracts & the elbow relaxes e.g biceps & triceps in the upper arm. The bicep contracts & the elbow bends & vice versa. Paired contraction is necessary to control movement.bends & vice versa. Paired contraction is necessary to control movement.

5.5. A state of partial contraction when a muscle is not being used.A state of partial contraction when a muscle is not being used.

6.6. Hypertrophy - growth, enlargement weight training. Atrophy - wastage, get Hypertrophy - growth, enlargement weight training. Atrophy - wastage, get smaller during injury.smaller during injury.

7.7. Back of thigh - flexion.Back of thigh - flexion.

8.8. Fast / slow twitch fibres (see power point slides for properties)Fast / slow twitch fibres (see power point slides for properties)

9.9. The chest.The chest.

10.10. Bicep & triceps.Bicep & triceps.

11.11. Cardiac muscle.Cardiac muscle.

12.12. Hypertrophy - get bigger, store more energy & produce more force. Atrophy - Hypertrophy - get bigger, store more energy & produce more force. Atrophy - get smaller, produce less force & prone to injury.get smaller, produce less force & prone to injury.