multimedia basics

M U L T I M E D I A

By: Akhil Kaushik

Asstt. Prof., CSE Deptt.

What is Mult imedia?

Derived from the word “Multi” and “Media”Multi

Many, Multiple,

MediaTools that is used to represent or do a certain

things, delivery medium, a form of mass communication – newspaper, magazine / TV.

Distribution tool & information presentation – text, graphic, voice, images, music and etc.

Definit ion of Mult imedia

Multimedia is a combination of text, graphic, sound, animation, and video that is delivered interactively to the user by electronic or digitally manipulated means.

TEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Elements of Mult imedia

TEXTTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

A broad term for something that contains words to express something.

Text is the most basic element of multimedia. A good choice of words could help convey the intended

message to the users (keywords). Used in contents, menus, navigational buttons


TEXTTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


GRAPHICTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Two-dimensional figure or illustration Could be produced manually (by drawing, painting,

carving, etc.) or by computer graphics technology. Used in multimedia to show more clearly what a

particular information is all about (diagrams, picture).


GRAPHICTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


AUDIOTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Produced by vibration, as perceived by the sense of hearing.

In multimedia, audio could come in the form of speech, sound effects and also music score.


AUDIOTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


ANIMATIONTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

The illusion of motion created by the consecutive display of images of static elements.

In multimedia, animation is used to further enhance / enriched the experience of the user to further understand the information conveyed to them.


ANIMATIONTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


VIDEOTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Is the technology of capturing, recording, processing, transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures.

Video is more towards photo realistic image sequence / live recording as in comparison to animation.

Video also takes a lot of storage space. So plan carefully before you are going to use it.

Interactive Multimedia

When the user is given the option of controlling the elements.

Hyper MediaA combination of hypertext, graphics,

audio, video, (linked elements) and interactivity culminating in a complete, non-linear computer-based experience.

Example

Hyper MediaMain Page

1. Video link

2. Image link

3. Audio Link

Linear VS Non-Linear

A Multimedia Project is identified as Linear when: It is not interactive User have no control over the content that is being showed to

them. Example:

A movie A non-interactive lecture / demo show

LINEAR

Linear VS Non-Linear

A Multimedia Project is identified as Non-Linear when: It is interactive Users have control over the content that is being showed to them. Users are given navigational control

Example: Games Courseware Interactive CD

NON-LINEAR

Authoring Tools

Use to merge multimedia elements (text, audio, graphic, animation, video) into a project.

Designed to manage individual multimedia elements and provide user interaction (if required).

Authoring Tools Example:

Macromedia Authorware Macromedia Director Macromedia Flash Microsoft Power Point

Importance of Multimedia

There are a number of fields where multimedia could be of use. Examples are:-BusinessEducationEntertainmentHomePublic Places


BusinessUse and Applications

Sales / Marketing PresentationTrade show productionStaff Training ApplicationCompany Kiosk


EducationUse and Applications

Courseware / SimulationsE-Learning / Distance LearningInformation Searching


EntertainmentUse and Applications

Games (Leisure / Educational)MoviesVideo on Demand

Online


HomeUse and Applications

TelevisionSatellite TVSMS services (chats, voting, reality TV)


Public PlacesUse and Applications

Information KioskSmart Cards, Security

S E A R C H E N G I N E

“Searching The Internet Requires Part Skills, Part Luck & Little Bit Of Art”

Search Engine

Search engine is a software program that searches for sites based on words that you designate as search terms

Search engines look thru’ their own database of info to find what you are looking for

Search engines don’t search the entire web page, thus they make overlook the info

Examples of Search Engine

• Conventional (library catalog) : Search by keyword, title, author, etc.

• Text-based (Lexis-Nexis, Google, Yahoo!): Search by keywords. Limited search using queries in natural language.

• Multimedia (QBIC, WebSeek, SaFe) : Search by visual appearance (shapes, colors,… ).

• Question answering systems (Ask, NSIR, Answerbus) : Search in (restricted) natural language

• Clustering systems (Vivísimo, Clusty)• Research systems (Lemur, Nutch)

What does it take to build a search engine?

• Decide what to index• Collect it• Index it (efficiently)• Keep the index up to date• Provide user-friendly query facilities

What else?

• Understand the structure of the web for efficient crawling

• Understand user information needs• Preprocess text and other unstructured

data• Cluster data• Classify data• Evaluate performance

They search the Internet or select pieces of the Internet based on important words.

They keep an index of the words they find, and where they find them.

They allow users to look for words or combinations of words found in that index.

Working of Search Engine

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To find information on the hundreds of millions of Web pages that exist, a search engine employs special software robots, called spiders, to build lists of the words found on Web sites.

When a spider is building its lists, the process is called Web crawling.

The usual starting points are lists of heavily used servers and very popular pages.

The spider will begin with a popular site, indexing the words on its pages and following every link found within the site.

In this way, the spidering system quickly begins to travel, spreading out across the most widely used portions of the Web.

Spiders return to already crawled websites looking for updates or changes.


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Building the Index

There are two key components involved in making the gathered data accessible to users:

The information stored with the dataThe method by which the information

is indexed

Building a Search

The Boolean operators most often seen are: AND - All the terms joined by "AND" must appear in the pages or

documents. OR - At least one of the terms joined by "OR" must appear in the

pages or documents. NOT - The term or terms following "NOT" must not appear in the

pages or documents. Quotation Marks - The words between the quotation marks are

treated as a phrase, and that phrase must be found within the document or file.

FOLLOWED BY - One of the terms must be directly followed by the other.

NEAR - One of the terms must be within a specified number of words of the other.

It is a search tool that sends user requests to several other search engines and /or databases and aggregates the result into a single list or displays them according to their source

It enable users to enter search criteria once & access several search engines simultaneously

It has a virtual database to compile the result Ex: www.dogpile.com

Meta Search Engine

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T H A N K S