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MultiMulti--Applications for Applications for RFID in JapanRFID in Japan

October 5, 2005October 5, 2005

TaiichiTaiichi INOUEINOUENomura Research Institute,Ltd.Nomura Research Institute,Ltd.

2

ContentsContents1.1. Moves towards a Ubiquitous Network Society Moves towards a Ubiquitous Network Society

-- Evolution from "Evolution from "e" to "u" e" to "u"

2.2. R&D Projects for the Realization of a Ubiquitous Network SocietyR&D Projects for the Realization of a Ubiquitous Network Society

3.3. MultiMulti--Applications for RFIDApplications for RFID

4.4. Privacy GuidelinesPrivacy Guidelines

5.5. Challenges for Practical DevelopmentChallenges for Practical Development

(Appendix Multi-Applications for RFID)

Moves towards a Ubiquitous Network SocietyMoves towards a Ubiquitous Network Society

Evolution from "e" to "u"Evolution from "e" to "u"

4

Backgrounds: National ICT Strategies in JapanBackgrounds: National ICT Strategies in Japan

2010

Seven priority fields: (1) Health care; (2) Food; (3) Daily Life; (4) Small Business Finance; (5) Knowledge; (6) Labor and Employment; (7) Government Services

JulJan

2002 2003 2004 2005

MIC’s “u-Japan” Policy

2006 (Year)★

　

e-Japan Strategy

Continue to be a “Leading ICT Nation” after 2006 as well

InputInput

2001

The national ICT strategies in Japan are evolving from “e” (electronics) towards “u” (ubiquitous).

e-Japan Strategy II Next-generation ICT strategy

InputInput InputInput

Policy Objectives: To be a “Top-ranking ICT Nation” by 2005

MIC’s Network PoliciesMIC’s Network Policies

policy priorities

Broadband InfrastructureDeployment

policy priorities

Usage of Broadband Infrastructure

policy priorities

Realizing “A UbiquitousNetwork Society”

Prime Minister’s Office

MIC * ubiquitous-Japan

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

5

Basic concept: developing from Basic concept: developing from ""e" to "u"e" to "u"

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

ｕ－Ｊａｐａｎｕ－Ｊａｐａｎ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

ｕ－Ｊａｐａｎｕ－Ｊａｐａｎ utilityevolution

utilityevolution

Ubiquitous network

Solution-oriented

Ubiquitous network

Solution-oriented

Computer-ization

Computer-ization

Narrowband Broadband

e-commerce,e-government

Narrowband Broadband

e-commerce,e-governmente-commerce,e-government

7 leading areas

　　

Usageｅ－Ｊａｐａｎｅ－ＪａｐａｎⅡⅡ7 leading areas7 leading areas

　　

Usageｅ－Ｊａｐａｎｅ－ＪａｐａｎⅡⅡ

　　

Usage　　

UsageUsageｅ－Ｊａｐａｎｅ－ＪａｐａｎⅡⅡ

ｅ－Ｊａｐａｎｅ－Ｊａｐａｎｅ－Ｊａｐａｎｅ－ＪａｐａｎInfrastructureInfrastructure

Infrastructure

Usage

Infrastructure

Usage

InfrastructureInfrastructure

Usage

Solution-oriented

Challenge to

controversial iss

ues

Ubiquitous network

Solution-orientedSolution-oriented

Challenge to

controversial iss

ues

Challenge to

controversial iss

ues

Ubiquitous network


6

Structure of the "Structure of the "uu--JapanJapan policy package"policy package"

u-JapanPolicy Package

Policy package( 1 ) :Development of ubiquitous networks

International strategy: Promotion of policies not only for domestic society but also for international markets and networks

Technology strategy: To strategically promote R&D and standardization in priority areas, and to strengthen international competitiveness through innovations

Preparation of infrastructures for network collaboration

Preparation of broadband infrastructureson a nationwide basis

Preparation of an environment havingseamless access to wireand wireless networks

Establishment of networks among productsthat have been embedded

with various types of ICT equipment

Preparation of infrastructures for network collaboration

Preparation of broadband infrastructureson a nationwide basis

Preparation of an environment havingseamless access to wireand wireless networks

Establishment of networks among productsthat have been embedded

with various types of ICT equipment

Policy package ( 2 ) :Advanced usage of ICT

Policy package ( 3 ) :Upgrading enabling environment

By the year 2010, 100% of the populationto have high-speed or ultra-high-speed

internet access

By the year 2010, 80% of the populationto Appreciate the role of ICT in resolving social problems

By the year 2010, 80% of the population to feel comfortable with ICT

To contribute to the rest of the world as a “leading ICT nation” in 2010

Promotion of content creation, distribution and use

Social system reform to advance through ICT

Employment of ICT human resources

Promotion of introduction of universal designs

Promotion of content creation, distribution and use

Social system reform to advance through ICT

Employment of ICT human resources

Promotion of introduction of universal designs

Promotion of “21 strategies for ICT’s Safety and Security”

Identification and clarification of "negative" problems to be resolved

Formulation of the "Charter for A Ubiquitous

Network Society"

Response to important issues becoming obvious

Promotion of “21 strategies for ICT’s Safety and Security”

Identification and clarification of "negative" problems to be resolved

Formulation of the "Charter for A Ubiquitous

Network Society"

Response to important issues becoming obvious

Policy package( 4 ) : International and Technology strategies


R&D Projects for the Realization of a Ubiquitous R&D Projects for the Realization of a Ubiquitous Network SocietyNetwork Society

8

R&D of ubiquitous network technologiesR&D of ubiquitous network technologies

Basic technologies that will enable theConnection of a vast number of microchipsand the distribution of information

Basic ubiquitous network technologies

Basic ubiquitous network technologies

Advanced utilization technologies

Advanced utilization technologies

⇒ R&D on ubiquitous network technologies(FY 2003～2007)

⇒ R&D on technologies for the advanced utilizationof RFID tags (FY 2004～2007)

⇒R&D on network‐robot technologies (FY 2004～2008)

Technologies that will form the infrastructurefor utilization in distribution, foods, medicalcare, pharmaceuticals, roads, and traffic

Basic technologies forsafety and society

Basic technologies forsafety and society

Basic technologies to ensure safety and security through ICT

⇒ R&D on ubiquitous sensor network technologies(FY 2005～2007)


9

R&D on Basic ubiquitous network technologiesR&D on Basic ubiquitous network technologies

Microscopic chip networking technology

Ubiquitous networking control and management technology

Construct a network that is freely made up of a variety of objects with microscopic chips

有価証券・小切手・商品券

ブランド品

服書籍書類

小包

偽造防止・物流管理

有価証券・小切手・商品券

ブランド品

服書籍書類

小包

偽造防止・物流管理

By holding up a non-touch card, it will be possible to use any terminal instantly as your own.

E-money

cardE-money

card

Connect to the network anytime and anywhere, create the same communications service environment as you are in your office, and receive a wide variety of content.

Ubiquitous networking authentication and agent technology

Securities・ checks・ coupon

Welfare　・Elderly people　・Nursing care ・

Parcels

DocumentsBooksClothes

Brand goods

Connection control for 10 billion microchips

The budget in FY 2005: 2.6 billion yenR&D Period: 5 years from FY2003 to 2007

Microscopic chips


10

R&D on Technologies for Sophisticated Use of RFIDR&D on Technologies for Sophisticated Use of RFID

（テラビット(Tera bit) : 10の12乗）

■ Objectives of R&D 　・ Establish technologies for sophisticated use of RFID in various areas such as high demand distribution, food, and medical care. 　・ Undertake R&D and experiments on the following technologies　　　　① Technologies to exchange and monitor the information of RFID between a multiple number of platforms. 　　　　② Technologies regarding interconnection of RFID and networks　　　　③ Technologies to control securities　　※　（Budget in FY2005 : 629 million yen)

R&D Period: Four years from FY2004 to 2007 (4 years)

Data base

Network

Data base

Network

WholesalersSlaughterhouse FarmAttach RFID to carcass and control records

Data base

Network

Attach RFID to livestock and control records

Supermarket

・What was the livestock fed on? ・Any recommended recipes?

RFIDRFID

RFID

RFID

Information on cut meats are controlled by RFID

Internet

Reader Reader Reader

reader

Participants: NTT Communications (Rep), IBM Japan, NTT Data Corp. NEC, Toshiba Corp. Yokogawa Electric Corp.

Data base

Network

Data base

Network

WholesalersSlaughterhouse FarmAttach RFID to carcass and control records

Data base

Network

Attach RFID to livestock and control records

Supermarket

・What was the livestock fed on? ・Any recommended recipes?

RFIDRFID

RFID

RFID

Information on cut meats are controlled by RFID

Internet

Reader Reader Reader

reader

Participants: NTT Communications (Rep), IBM Japan, NTT Data Corp. NEC, Toshiba Corp. Yokogawa Electric Corp.


11

R&D on a ubiquitous sensor network R&D on a ubiquitous sensor network

Execute R&D for basic technologies for three years from FY05. R&D will be on an autonomous distribution of information among the sensors.

　　

1)Recognize the environment by combining the information from various sensors that are linked.

2)Use the network to control the networked area without constraints.

3)Can place sensors anywhere and construct a network wherever sensors are placed to offer services and maintenance. (No need to consider construction elements)

4)Used widely as a life supportive tool by anyone.

Features and Images of UseFeatures and Images of Use

Gas is leaking in Region XX.

Please take care. I am trapped beneath the debris.

Please help me!

The distributed sensors will create an autonomous

network.

Distribute various sensors from the sky.

Sensors will collect information on temperature, gas, sound, chemicals, and an image of the disaster area.

Networks can restore themselves when damaged.

To realize an autonomous wireless distribution of information among sensors by embedding ultra-compact wireless devices in various sensors.（Features）Can recognize the situation by using sensors and can apply necessary applications in real time.

　What is a Ubiquitous Sensor Network?　What is a Ubiquitous Sensor Network?

Database

Contents of Technological Developments Contents of Technological Developments

Technologies for ubiquitous sensor nodes-Prevents interference and unnecessary communications-Self-corrects errors-Synchronizes data-Implements Micro-electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)

Control and monitor the sensor network-High speed tracing to diagnose defects in a large number of remote sensors, and self-restoration of networks.-Identify the location of sensors and control their ID codes-Find and construct a network automatically with communicative sensors.

Processing and controlling large capacity data in real time -Control and search sensored data-Extract meaning of real time information -Process the sensored information appropriately in the sensor, network and upper system levels

Sensor node

Budget in FY2005:400 million yen, R&D Period: 3 years from FY2005 to 2007


MultiMulti--Applications for RFIDApplications for RFID

13

Verification Test of RFID UtilizationVerification Test of RFID Utilization

•Traceability of Pharmaceutical Products

Healthcare/ChemicalsHealthcare/Chemicals

Education/CultureEducation/Culture

•Voice Guidance System at Public Toilet for the Visually Impaired

Assistance for Assistance for handicapped personhandicapped person

•Regional Community Network

•Traceability of fish distribution•Traceability of animal products

FoodFood

•Guidance system at Theme Park

•Port container control•Bicycle parking control

DistributionDistribution/Administration/Administration

•SCM in the field of apparel business

Sale/CirculationSale/Circulation

Fire and DisasterFire and Disaster

SightseeingSightseeing

V erif ica tio n test o f RFID in v a riou s a rea

•Educational Support system•Advanced Use of Educational Facilities and Such


14

Scale of RFIDScale of RFID--related Markets in Japanrelated Markets in JapanMarkets will expand, particularly in manufacturing, apparel, retailing (supermarkets) and freight, to an estimated value for the 2009 RFID market of $930 million.

2701869

2903572

4095275

8164

99

79

134

93

128

86

161

153

177

265

202

186

221

321

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000(M$)

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 (FY)Freight Retailing Apparel Manufacturing

1US$=\110 Source: NRI

Privacy GuidelinesPrivacy Guidelines

16

Key points of Guidelines for privacy protectionKey points of Guidelines for privacy protection

Key points of Guidelines 1. Principles for protecting consumer rights/benefits2. Requirements on notification /disclosure/ consent from individuals upon collection/use of personal information3. Clear indication that RFID are used; clarification of purpose of use; and clear indication of how to

treat RFID tags, merit, demerits, etc.4. Rights to request for invalidation of a portion of information of RFID, to access information

concerning the consumer concerned and to correct errors thereof5. Accuracy and security

- Data to be accurate and updated- Prevention of information loss, damage, falsification , leakage, etc.

6. Assignment of Chief Information Officer

Demarcation point of privacy issue

Manufacturing WholesaleProcessing

Transport TransportTransport

destruction Secondary use

No privacy problem for consumers(In this case, protection of proprietary information to be considered by each corporation. Information protection between corporations shall be protected by security technologies.)

Explanation to and consent from consumers are required(or, accessible information is provided on a limited basis.)

Store consumer

StoreStoredepot

Applicable domains of privacy in RFID


Challenges for Practical DevelopmentChallenges for Practical Development

18

Challenges for Practical DevelopmentChallenges for Practical Development

Education of users and response to their needs

• Raising recognition of RFID itself.• Correct understanding of privacy policies.• Creation of advantages on the user side

(e.g. searching for locations of tagged items in the home, management of cupboard contents).

Education of users and response to their needs

• Raising recognition of RFID itself.• Correct understanding of privacy policies.• Creation of advantages on the user side

(e.g. searching for locations of tagged items in the home, management of cupboard contents).

Conformity to existing systems, customs and tasks

• Redesign of administrative processes to suit the use of RFID.

• Reduction of the burden of date entry and management tasks on site.

• Coexistence of RFID with existing barcodes and two-dimensional symbols, then transition.

Conformity to existing systems, customs and tasks

• Redesign of administrative processes to suit the use of RFID.

• Reduction of the burden of date entry and management tasks on site.

• Coexistence of RFID with existing barcodes and two-dimensional symbols, then transition.

Improvement of technology and systems

• Basic standardization of data items and specifications.

• Improvement of reader/ writer precision.• Ease of use.• Protection of security and privacy.

Improvement of technology and systems

• Basic standardization of data items and specifications.

• Improvement of reader/ writer precision.• Ease of use.• Protection of security and privacy.

Establishment of economy and a business model

• System building and reduction of operation costs.

• Selection of targets in line with costs.• Models for appropriate cost sharing between

bodies in the supply chain.• Creation of derivative benefits from system

introduction

Establishment of economy and a business model

• System building and reduction of operation costs.

• Selection of targets in line with costs.• Models for appropriate cost sharing between

bodies in the supply chain.• Creation of derivative benefits from system

introduction

Thank you for your attention.Thank you for your attention.

We Welcome Your Comments.We Welcome Your Comments.

t4t4--inoue@[email protected]

MultiMulti--Applications for RFIDApplications for RFID

AppendixAppendix

22

Port container control

An experiment with the following procedures was carried out to verify effectiveness of RFID used for controlling the status and location of containers in the port; 1. Read the RFID tags at the gate, 2. Read the RFID tags at the transfer crane, 3. Detect the location by GPS and 4. Observe the presence of radio interference between RFID tags and between the RFID tags and existing surroundings.

Test period: Dec 4 and 11, 2004Test site: Container Terminal, NYK Line Co. , Ltd., Kobe, HyogoMain body of execution: MIC (NTT Data Corp.)RFID: SPIDER III A of RFCODE Inc.(Active tag, 303MHz, communication over 10m is possible)

→Attached to the container

1. Issues concerning port container controlLow efficiency and high cost of shipping at major ports

→ Measures including RFID is considered to overcome the problem.　

2. No harmonized system incorporating RFID into the container control system exists although they have started to permeate both nationally and internationally.

Background and objectives

ResultsObserved some possibilities of improving port container control

Achieved to verify operational location patterns of containers and grasp the status. Verified multiple patterns when containers pass the gate and secured the reading result.Achieved 100% reading ratio by adjusting reader output.

Future issuesConform the port container control system to the Ubiquitous ID Center spec for FY2004. From FY2005, verify property value and basic technology of the schema translation regarding the data of port logistics services belong to various ID system. Consider the usage of an RFID of 433 MHz band.Enhance the collaboration among MLIT and other relevant ministries to address issues of international logistics. Consider it in an extensive field based on consignors.

Overview

Consignor

Test scope of this FY

Port A Yard control system Yard control system Port

B

Container information-Container load information (Initial registration)

-Container weight information-Information of passage of a container at the gate of port A

-Location information at the yard of port A　

Container information-Information of passage of a container at the gate of port B

-Location information at the yard of port B 　

Information of passage of a

container

Location information in the yardContainer weight information

Tag reader Tag reader

Container Container Container Container

Tag reader Tag reader

Location information in the yard

Marine transport (virtual)

Information of passage of a container

Translator (change the property)

Information acquisition of containers

-Container load information (Initial registration)



-Container load information (Initial registration)



-Information of passage of a container at the gate of port B


-Information of passage of a container at the gate of port B



23

Regional Community Network

Verified that a platform operated in a facility as a visitor information system at normal times can be used in an event of a disaster as an evacuation point platform while citizens keep an RFID with them. Also, verified how it can be utilized and coordinated with other platform (a volunteer center was considered this time)

Test period: Feb 12 and 13, 2005Test site: Shizuoka city science museum, NTT Data Tokai Corp. Shizuoka branchMain body of execution: MIC (NTT Data Corp.）RFID: Totoku Electric Co., Ltd., Megras

(Active tag, 315MHz, communication distance: 10m)　　　　　　　　 → Held by an individual

Establish a regional community network to provide the status of residents’ safety by RFID in an event of disaster.

Results

Observed some possibilities of municipal service in an event of disaster

Reading ratioSmooth flow of platform coordination

↓

Future issues

Verify distinguishing technology among multiple platforms in FY2004.Carry out R&D of recognition technology among platforms of different types. Consider an application to a large scale community while solving the following two issues.1. Rules of usage of the center platform coordinating different

platforms. (Which party controls, What rules must be followed and so forth)

2. How to ensure the protection of privacy in the case of providing and utilizing RFID tags to citizens (When distributing RFID tags to victims in case of a disaster, how to deal with the situation that location information is acquired without the knowledge of the user)


Overview

→ Aim ultimately at creating a multi-use platform being able to be used in various circumstances of day-to-day life

Confirmed that minimum system configuration was required in the same platforms and the system could be used for various purposes.

Science museum

Reading the tag (RF ID tag), recognizing the location, control passage history with the reader

Move in the facility freely

Transmit messages based on the location and

property

Assumed site: Evacuation point

Inquiry→

Reply Reply

Facility information

network system

Center platform

2. Coordination of platforms (PF)1. Distinguish PF type2. Recognition among PFEach system inquires the center PF to coordinate the information. Data access is controlled based on the distinguished type.

1. Detect unregistered tags and inquire the center PF

3. Acquire information of the unregistered tag.

Unregistered tag of the science museum

An NTT employee holding a registered tag goes to the science museum.

←Inquiry

Facility information

network system

NTT Data

1*. Inquire the center PF about the RFID information registered in its own system.

3*. Acquire information of the location and history of passage of the RFID information registered in its own system.

NTT Data registered tag

Assumed site: Volunteer center


24

SCM in the field of apparel business

In a series of process of apparel production and distribution involving an apparel manufacturer (shipping warehouse), a logistics operator (logistics center) and a retailer, possibilities of usage of RFID were estimated pertaining to controlling logistics history and utilizing logistics information of suits, shoes and so forth

Test period: Jun 25, 2004 – Mar 23, 2005Test site: Apparel manufacturer (Aoyama Shoji Co. Ltd., Kannabe products center) 　

Logistics operator (THE SUIT COMPANY, Fukuyama LOTZ branch in-house warehouse) Retailer (THE SUIT COMPANY, Fukuyama LOTZ branch)

Main body of execution: MIC, Chugoku Regional Bureau of TelecommunicationsRFID:

Verify feasibility and effectiveness of introducing RFID to apparel industries- Economically easy to introduce as unit price of apparel products is

generally high- Improving efficiency of the complicated inventory system and productive

sharing of logistics information is required.

ResultsObserved some possibilities of improved efficiency in the logistics service- Each task in the logistics process achieved an efficiency exceeding the

target (reduced the time for the task)- Inspection task especially accomplished an efficiency of 4 times that of

the conventional method

Future issuesIssues of physical properties of RFID1. Increase the number of tags to be read simultaneously2. Reduce the time to read (write) (Improve the communication speed)3. Increase the amount of information in an RFID tag4. Increase the range of reading of a reader (maximum distance between

the reader and tag)

Clarify economic effects of introduction of RFID　1. Clarify it by collecting and evaluating the data pertaining to the reduction of

logistics cost under various conditions.

Attach an R

FID

Shipping inspection

Incoming inspection

Distribute products

Display

Confirm inventory info

Confirm info of real stock on the shelf

Confirm products info

Confirm

sales info

Move

products

Shipping warehouse(Kannabe products center

(branch office))

Logistics center(TSC in-house warehouse)

Retailer(TSC shop)

Confirmation of stock change

Confirm logistics history

E-tagattachment

info

Shipping inspection

info

Incoming inspection

info

Distributing inspection

info

Sales info

Moving products info

2.45GHｚ band(V-LOX tag (2.45GHｚ ))

950MHｚ bandI2-tag　 (Alien technology)

Tag-it （ small）

Tag-it (large）

13.56MHｚ band20x12 IC tag (I-CODE　 SLI)

FrequencyRFID

2.45GHｚ band(V-LOX tag (2.45GHｚ ))

950MHｚ bandI2-tag　 (Alien technology)

Tag-it （ small）

Tag-it (large）

13.56MHｚ band20x12 IC tag (I-CODE　 SLI)

FrequencyRFID


Overview

→ Attached to products


25

Bicycle parking control

In order to grasp the status of bicycle parking including the quantity and locations by utilizing RFID, a verification of the technology to limit the access to the database when referring the information through the network was carried out as well as an evaluation of the method of information disclosure in an open circumstance.

Test period: March, 2005Test site: Bicycle parking lots of Sangyo Plaza and Suzukake Churinjo, Mitaka,

Tokyo, Sakura-dori bicycle parking lot and Bicycle depositoryMain body of execution： MIC (NTT Communications Inc.)RFID: 13.56 MHz-band RFID

　　　　　　　　 → Attached to bicycles

Verification of utilization of RFID at bicycles parking lots- Verify if user’s convenience is improved by enabling users to confirm

the vacancy of a packing lot by inquiry with home PCs and mobilephones

- Verify possibilities of better efficiency of the management by finding long-time abandoned bicycles

Verification of security provision technology of RFID• Authentication and access control technologies are to be verified to ensure information

shared though the communication network within the access allowed for each parking users, keepers of parking and depositories

Results

Future issues

Promotion of test outcome　- Explore possibilities to collaborate with other municipal system- Verify the durability aiming at a full-fledged introduction- Protection of personal information and explanation of privacy security to

users

Observed improved convenience of parking lots and feasibility of efficient management- Information of bicycles and parking was controlled and grasped by PDA

terminal to improve convenience of users and efficiency of the management.Optimized the method of attaching RFID tags to bicycles- Knowledge of location to attach the tag, types of the tag, with or without

metal response treatment, shape of the reader and reading ratio deviation depending on material of bicycles was accumulated.

Verified security control technology of RFID- Through the technology of access control, verified that access limit

depending on users’ status, parking users or keepers of the facility, was achieved.


Overview

NTTコミュニケーションズ

ネットワーク利用型 RFIDシステム

インターネット

自転車利用者

駐輪場自転車等保管場所

・自転車関連情報

・駐輪情報

・プライバシ -制御

自転車

電子タグ

装着

電子タグ

リーダ付

ＰＤＡ

電子タグ

リーダ付

ＰＤＡ

NTT Communications.

Network type RFID system

Internet

Confirm vacancy of the parkingConfirm location of the bicycle

Time control of bicycle parking Location control of bicycle parking

Bicycle user

Bicycle parking lot Bicycle depository

・Information related bicycles ・Parking information ・Privacy control

Bicycle

RFID

Attach the tag

PDA with RFID reader

PDA with RFID reader


26

Traceability of fish distribution fish distribution

In order to manage the history and control the temperature throughout a series of fish distribution process involving fisheries (local market), brokers (consumption market) and retailers, examined and evaluated effects of RFID with temperature sensor for fish and ice.

Test period: Jun 25, 2004 – Mar 23, 2005Test site: Fisheries within and near Yamaguchi prefecture (Local market)

　　　　　 Brokers (Distribution center) and RetailersMain body of execution: MIC, Chugoku Regional Bureau of TelecommunicationsRFID:

Results

Future issues

315MHz bandSensor Node

2.45GHz bandV-LOX tag(µ-chip)

950MHz bandI2-tag(Alien Technology)

13.56MHz band

20x12 IC tag(I-CODE SLI)

FrequencyRFID

315MHz bandSensor Node

2.45GHz bandV-LOX tag(µ-chip)

950MHz bandI2-tag(Alien Technology)

13.56MHz band

20x12 IC tag(I-CODE SLI)

FrequencyRFID

グ

Incoming

inspection

Shipping inspection

Incoming

inspection

Store

Attach an E-tag

E-tag attachment

info

Transfer

Transfer

Shipping inspection/Temp info

Incoming inspection

Incoming inspection

Distribution center (Marukyu Hofu distribution center)

Local market(Yamaguchi Fishery

Association, Yanai branch, )Retailer

(Aruk Imajuku store)

Temp info

Temp info

Verified the traceability to secure the food safety including temperature control- Improve safety awareness about food- Verify fish to which storage condition and distribution

history is critical is the subject to the test

Proved possibilities of an application of RFID in fish distribution- Verified that RFID was possible to be used for fish which inevitably

contained water throughout the process

Confirmed the effectiveness of distribution history and temperature management historyGained some basic knowledge through the result of the questionnaire that acquiring and displaying the distribution history and temperature management history was effective

Issues of physical properties of RFID1. Increase the number of tags to be read simultaneously2. Reduce the time to read (write) (Improve the communication speed)3. Increase the amount of information in an RFID tag4. Increase the range of reading of a reader (maximum distance between the reader and

tag)Evaluation of acquired history data- Review the method to obtain the evaluated value based on the acquired data from the

history of distribution and temperature


Overview

→ Attached to fish


27

Traceability of animal products

In order to contribute to the safety of meat, implanted an RFID tag with temperature sensor in the body of a cow and carried out measurements with a device structured with the combination of panel reader and weight scale. Evaluated effects of implanting an RFID tag to the living body of a cow and verified operation, function and effectiveness of the system.

Test period: Feb – Mar, 2005Test site: Gifu Institution of livestockMain body of execution: MIC (NEC Corp.)RFID: RFID with temperature sensor（134kHz）

　　　　　　　 → Implant in the second stomach of a cow

Measurement of temperature and weight of cows in regard to the individual controlImprovement of efficiency in measuring the temperature and weightImprovement of service efficiency by introducing RFIDObtaining know-how and data for better utilization of RFID in livestock business-Confirm if the implanted RFID can stay in the cow body in a stable condition -Confirm if data measured through the implanted RFID is utilizable

Results

Future issues

Observed possibilities to improve the efficiency of the service- Achieved to reduce the time to measure the weight and temperature (took only

approx. 20 sec/cow) which used to take approx. 5 min. 20 sec./cow to do both. (approx. 95% reduction)

Confirmed adaptability to the system circumstance- Confirmed that the RFID tag implanted in the body of a cow (second stomach)

stayed in a stable condition.

- Confirmed that communication by the RFID implanted in the body of a cow was possible. The communication in the surroundings of farm was also confirmed to be possible.

Confirmed effects to the living body- The cow experienced the test was confirmed to show no problem based on

the result of visual, body and blood inspections.

Verify stable reading accuracy of RFID

Verify conditions to bear indoor circumstances changes

Long-term evaluation- Continuous long term observation of effects to a living body of the cow

- Verify possibilities to improve productivity through the measured data for parturition and estrus detection

Extend fields of application- Extend the application in a series of process from breeding to consumption


Overview

• Beef cow• Cow tag (RFID)• Panel reader (RFID reader)• Weight scale

• Gateway server (U-code solution client)• ID code solution server (U-code solution server)• Contents server (Database server, Web server)

• U-code• Weight• Temperature

Acquire

Data transfer

View the stored data

Store the data of weight and temperature

U-code solution


28

Traceability of Pharmaceutical Products

An RFID based pharmaceutical product tracing system was developed for assuring the safety and security in handling such products. Verification tests were carried out simulating an occurrence of trouble related to pharmaceutical products. RFID tags were attached to certain blood plasma fractional and pseudo products. The storage of these products in the hospital pharmacy department as well as their provision according to prescriptions were logged. A study was made on their traceability.

Results

Future issues

Confirmation on the traceability functions by federated platforms・ Verification of basic traceability functions carried out for RFID information by federated platforms at an actual level.

Confirmation on the effectiveness in the linkage between the RFID system and existing systems (electronic patient files)

Confirmation on the effectiveness of active RFID use at clinical sites・ A study was made on the series of processes assuming a system for logging the storage of tagged pharmaceutical products in the hospital pharmacy department and their provision according to prescriptions.

Verification of privacy protection technology based on access control technology・ Active use made of access control technology based on user roles and verification made on effectiveness, and it verified with the prototype..

Social Background・ Establishment of traceability for after sales investigation, such as for prevention of

malpractices and involving biologically derived medicine (including those deriving from microorganisms) in accordance to revisions in the medical law

Aims of verification test・ Execution of verification on traceability from pharmaceutical company to hospital/patient

using blood plasma fractional products as typical examples. ・ Making it possible in the future to provide basic data such as for EBM (Evidence-Based

Medicine making use of medicinal and pharmaceutical digital data stored using links accessible by different platforms.

Background and aims of verification test

Expansion of system level verification tests・ Linkage with pharmaceutical companies and retailers; investigation on expansion to

include regional medicinal facilities (regional hospitals). ・ Investigation on system expansion for making it possible for mutual management using

different platforms.

Expansion to include other products• Investigation on furthering verification test to include other pharmaceutical products and

medical equipment. • Confirmation in an environment where various RFID tags are used and study on the use of UHF 　　 band RFID tags.

Data format of RFID•A study on how to deal with the data format of RFID in regard to pharmaceutical distribution codes whose use is expected to be determined in the future.

Outline

Experimental use at Kyoto Medical Center (2004) Inquiry application

Storage Provision Disposal

Information service for pharmaceutical product

tracing at hospitals

Pharmacy dept. Wards

Clinical Information System (CIA)

Prescriptions Prescription performance

Information service for tracing

pharmaceutical products at

retailers Individual item ID registration

Associating individual items + prescriptions

Display of pharmaceutical product tracing data

• Administrator in charge •Administrator in charge • Patient

Expansion after 2005

Pharmaceutical product inventory management database at hospitals

Replica

(for verification) Pharmaceutical product tracing

management database



pharmaceutical companies

Pharmaceutical product information management

database

(e.g. of verification) Pharmaceutical product

tracing management database

Pharmaceutical tracing management database

Information service for patient

management at hospitals

(for verification)　

Patient management

database

Patient information

management database

Experimental use at Kyoto Medical Center (2004) Inquiry application

Storage Provision Disposal

Information service for pharmaceutical product

tracing at hospitals

Pharmacy dept.Pharmacy dept. WardsWards

Clinical Information System (CIA)

Prescriptions Prescription performance



retailers Individual item ID registration

Associating individual items + prescriptions

Display of pharmaceutical product tracing data

• Administrator in charge •Administrator in charge • Patient

Expansion after 2005

Pharmaceutical product inventory management database at hospitals

Replica

(for verification) Pharmaceutical product tracing

management database



pharmaceutical companies

Pharmaceutical product information management

database

(e.g. of verification) Pharmaceutical product

tracing management database

Pharmaceutical tracing management database

Information service for patient

management at hospitals

(for verification)　

Patient management

database

Patient information

management database

Duration: February 2005 – March 2005 Test sites: Kyoto Medical Center of National Hospital Organization

(Kyoto City) Main body of execution: MIC (Japan IBM) RFID: 13.56 MHz band RFID 　　　　　　　→Attachment to pharmaceutical products


29

Voice Guidance System at Public Toilet for the Visually Impaired

An RFID based system was developed for providing visually impaired people voice instructions via cell phone on public toilet use. Verification was made on the effectiveness of this system.

Duration: Aug 2004 – Mar 2005 Test sites: 20 public toilets in Ishikawa Prefecture Main body of execution : MIC, Hokuriku Bureau of TelecommunicationsRFID:13.56 MHz band RFID (Compliance with ISO/IEC 15693, certified by Ubiquitous ID Center)　

　　　　　　　　　　 →Attached to each section in toilets

Results

Future issues

Background and object

Possibility of enabling the visually impaired to use public toilets by themselves・ Provision of voice instructions on toilet use was accomplished in all 54 cases in the 　　 monitoring investigation・ Location of RFID attachment and accumulation of data on types ofreaders ・ Investigation on usage rules (directional and guidance contents)taking account of environmental factors of each toilet ・ Investigation on compatibility of cell phone applicable RFID tags which could be easily used by the visually impaired

Management of basic equipment such as of information servers・ Stability and durability of RFID tag read/write function

Widespread use of basic equipment and maintaining security

Compactness, offset capable and easily operable readers

Standardization・ Compatibility of platforms between different mobile data carriers

Outline

・ Enable the visually impaired to use public toilets by themselvesfollowing voice guidance

・ Investigation on transmission distance, location and other conditions, applying measures for precise functions which will enable the visually impaired to use the said system

Intermediary server

(1) Approach the RFID and press the RFID reader button

(8) Toilet information becomes displayed and voice message is announced

Information server

RFID (ucode tag)

This is a western style toilet facing the left. The toilet paper is to your right. Press the lever on

the backside to flush the water.

Ubiquitous ID Centerucode resolution center

(2) Read out of the RFID ID (ucode)

(6) Automatic transmission to the intermediary server

(7) Created toilet information (HTML file) is automatically transmitted to the cell phone

(8) ID input display is accessed and ID becomes transmitted

(6) Access to information serverSearch on ID information and obtained toilet information made into an HTML file

(５) Obtaining ID server URL & URL


30

Assurance of Security for Schoolchild

An RFID based system was developed for the safety of grade school students. By this system the whereabouts of students commuting to and from school can be monitored and managed. Verification tests were carried out including the monitoring and management of students approaching a virtual danger zone. Studies on the effectiveness and issues of such usage were made through the tests.

Duration: Oct 25, 2004 – Nov 5, 2004 Test sites: Shinjo No. 2 Grade School, Tanabe City, Wakayama Prefecture Main body of execution : MIC, Kinki Regional Bureau of TelecommunicationsRFID: 950 MHz band passive RFID and 300 MHz band active RFID tags　　　　　

→Carried by grade school students

Results

Future issues

Importance of security assurance for grade school studentsInvestigation of RFID system for confirming the commuting of grade school students.

Attaining reliability of system・ On one hand, many parents felt assured by this verification test, while on the other

some felt worried due to errors in Email transmission. Attaining the reliability of the system is important.

Investigation on how to make more compact RFID tags and the method of carrying them

Carrying out verification tests with the participation of the regional public and residents; establishing a social consensus by promoting public awareness

Stable reading of RFID・ Although the readout of 950 MHz band passive tags averaged 93%, problems were analyzed and solutions for achieving 100% were worked out.・ The readout of 300 MHz band active tags was 100% and operation was without irregularities.・ Accumulation of data regarding the readout corresponding to the behavioral pattern of the grade school students.

Result of questionnaire regarding Email sent regarding the commutation of students

Result of questionnaire regarding commuting time record and Email notices

Outline

Swimming pool

Tanken-no-mori (Adventure Forest)

Antena

校舎

へ校

舎へ

4.65m

4.5m

4.1m

5.0m

入口

2m

Area marked in yellow represents area where active tags could be read

ﾌｧｲﾔｳｫｰﾙ

電子カメラDigital

camera

電子カメラ

Dedicated line

Internet

Email reception notice

Graphic file delivery

Tanabe City Grade School

Specific area　(Tanken-no-mori: Adventure Forest)

Internet Data Center (IDC) in Osaka City

Router

Management computer terminal

Parent cell phones

950 MHz band passive tag

Maximum read distance of about 7 meters

(Entrance)

High output type 950 MHz band

passive tag read system

300 MHz band active tag read

system

Digital camera 300 MHz band

active tag (faint wavelength type)

To classrooms

Area marked in yellow represents area where passive tags could be read.Sufficiently covered the route taken by students entering and leaving the school entrance

Router

Network monitoring computer terminal

Graphic server

Email server

Database

Firewall

Confirmation made almost every day (80%)

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Confirmation made almost every day (80%)

Confirmation made sometimes (3%)

Confirmation made rarely (8%)

Others (7%)

Increase in feeling of assurance (42%) Little increase in feeling of assurance (41%)

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Increase in feeling of assurance (42%) Little increase in feeling of assurance (41%) No change (14%) Little increase in feeling worried (2%) Increase in feeling worried (0%) Others (1%)



31

Educational Support system

Investigation on the feasibility of a new information providing service for users of science centers and libraries (children, students, parents, etc,) featuring the linkage of various application servers. Main points are: 1) Verifying information access control technology based on user attribution, 2) Verifying network security using IPv6, and 3) Verifying new services using RFID.

Duration: Feb – Mar 2005Test sites: Kurashiki Science Center, Kurashiki City Central Library, Kurashiki City Nakajyo

Grade School, Kurashiki City Kotoura Kita Grade School, Kurashiki City Daiko Grade School, all in Okayama Prefecture

Main body of execution : MIC (NTT Communications)RFID: 13.56 MHz band RFID tag

　　　　　　　　→ Distributed to users

Results

Secure provision of information from educational facilities to users and boosting dynamic learning of childrenVerification of advanced active use of RFID・ Verification of mechanism for transmitting and receiving position information by a secure and

facilitated method for active use of accumulated and managed position information by other systems such as by a contents distribution system.

Verifying information access control technology based on user attribution 　・ Verifying the alternating between position information management and management of user

attributed information.・ Verifying the information access control technology based on the use of RFID and such.Verifying network security using IPv6

Verifying advanced active use of RFID• Confirmation was made on the possibility system linkage (distribution of position

information), making use of a precise and secure method, with other systems with various features such as regarding real time factors and data size.

Verifying information access control technology based on user attribution・ It was demonstrated that uniform management of position information made it possible to maintain the privacy and security of those who use RFID.・ It was demonstrated that the said system was functionally capable for cases where RFID were used in succession and cases where RFID were

discarded after use.・ Management of RFID by ID units prevented unauthorized use of lost tags.

Verifying network security using IPv6• Performance evaluation according to different network security protocols was

possible.

Promotion of wide usage based on test results

Realization of stable RFID readouts

Linkage with local government and such, as well as linkage with other systems under actual application

Future issues

Outline

Verification test in compliance to Kurashiki City’s Research and Development on Advanced Active Use of RFID project

Schools (Ootaka Grade School, Kotoura Kita Grade School etc.)

Kurashiki fiber optic network (Kawasemi Net)

Compatibility with next generation Internet (IPv6)

Kurashiki Central Library & Life Park Kurashiki Reading Room

Kawasemi (Kingfisher) Network Plaza

( 2) Providing educational information based on grasped information to My Portal site

( 4) Providing learning navigation function by providing information on recommendable literature and such

(5) Providing and sharing information from students

( 6) Information exchange among students

( 3) Learning using search

Kurashiki Science Center (Life Park Kurashiki)

( 1) Grasping dynamic information of KurashikiScience Center using RFID

My Portal site

RF ID readerRF ID tag

Dynamic state management server

Dynamic information grasping system

featuring the use of RFID for network

application

Okayama Information Highway

Private information portal

Private information portal



32

Guidance system at Theme Park

Carrying out a verification test on providing a service model which uses active RFID at a theme park for: 1) Displaying position of visitor (service for finding a lost person), 2) Information providing service (provision of timely information to visitors in the proximity of park facilities, and 3) Analysis on the flow of visitors in the park. Investigating the effectiveness of theservice model.

Results

Investigating the effectiveness of the information and telecommunications service at the theme park・ Location information service ・ Information provision service (provision of facility information and information which is

provided in a game format, such as a point rally format) ・ Analysis on visitor flow

Confirmation made on the effectiveness of location information providing service・ Confirmation was made on the serviceability, with about 90% of the users commenting favorably about the service.

Improved awareness of RFID・ The active trial use of RFID improved the awareness of RFID use.

Investigation on active tags with power-saving feature・ Increasing the size of the battery for RFID would result in the size increase

of the tags and would therefore be impractical. ・ It would be necessary to increase the battery life by implementing power-saving

means.

Investigation on protecting privacy and security measures・ Establishing security levels in accordance to content of provided services and those

subject to such services; Carrying out a verification test to investigate the protection of privacy.

・ Increasing the visitor’ s awareness regarding the use of RFID

Future issues

Outline

Guide for visitor (Information on location, time, etc.)

Finding a lost person and providing information on the same

Investigation and research on wireless technology using customer management and information providing system

Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ

・Information management・Entrance and exit management・Location management

Center for helping lost people

Maps & visuals

Server

ICIC

ICICICIC

Monitoring by webcam

Theme Park

RFID

RFID receiverWireless LAN

ICICIC

Show will begin in five inutes.

I won the meal voucher !

ＰＨＳ

Display of current location and camera view

Sending Email to cell phones (Display of information and maps)

I become lost.

Duration: Dec 11, 2004 Test sites: ‘Space World’ theme park, Kita-Kyushu CityMain body of execution : MIC, Kyushu Bureau of CommunicationsRFID: 314.95 MHz band RFID tag (feeble wavelength); range of more than

10 meters 　　　　　　 →Distributed to visitors

