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M.Tech PETROLEUM ENGINEERING

CURRICULUM AND COURSE CONTENTS

Coordinating dept : Ocean Engineering

(applicable from 2010 batch)

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MADRASCHENNAI 600 036

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M.Tech Petroleum Engineering SEMESTER I

No. Subject L T P C

PE6010 Petroleum Geology 3 0 0 3

PE6030 Reservoir Engineering 3 0 0 3

PE6050 Oil and Gas Exploration 3 0 0 3

PE6020 Drilling Technology 3 0 0 3

Elective I 3 0 0 3

Elective II 3 0 0 3

TOTAL 18 0 0 18

SEMESTER II

No. Subject L T P C

PE6180 Natural Gas Engineering 3 0 0 3

PE6040 Seismic data acquisition, Processing and Interpretation 3 0 0 3

PE6090 HSE Management in Petroleum & Offshore Engg 3 0 0 3

PE6031 Reservoir Simulation 3 0 0 3

Elective IV 3 0 0 3

Elective V 3 0 0 3

PE6100 PE Lab 0 0 3 2

TOTAL 18 0 3 20

SEMESTER III

No. Subject L T P C

PE6120 Practical Training 0 0 12 2

PE6316 Special Topics in Petroleum Engg. 2 0 0 2

PE6200 *Thesis (Part I ) 0 0 12 3

TOTAL 2 0 24 7

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SEMESTER IV

No. Subject L T P C

PE6200 Thesis (Part II) 0 0 30 15

TOTAL 15

* Grade assigned in the fourth semester. Total = 18 + 20 + 7 + 15 = 60 List of Electives:

No. Subject L T P C

CA5350 Catalysis for Petroleum Technology 3 0 0 3

CH Process Control and Instrumentation 3 0 0 3

PE6031 Reservoir Simulation (mandatory) 3 0 0 3

PE6060 Offshore Oil and Gas Production Systems 3 0 0 3

PE6080 Petroleum Refining Technology 3 0 0 3

PE6310 Well-completion, Testing and Analysis 3 0 0 3

PE6320 Sub Sea Engineering for Oil and Gas Fields 3 0 0 3

OE5060 Geo-informatics 3 0 0 3

OE5340 Ocean Environment, Policy & Coastal Zone Management 3 0 0 3

PE6311 Well logging and formation evaluation 3 0 0 3

PE6312 Enhanced oil recovery 3 0 0 3

PE6313 Applied Scientific Computing in Ocean and Petroleum Engineering

3 0 0 3

PE6314 Drilling Fluid Design and Analysis 3 0 0 3

PE6316 Special Topics in Petroleum Engineering 3 0 0 3

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Core Courses: PE6010 Petroleum Geology 3 0 0 3 Introduction to petroleum geology - integrating at a quantitative level several fields of geology with geophysics, geochemistry and engineering that comprise the science of petroleum geology; occurrence, distribution and nature of petroleum – historical review of petroleum exploration, national and worldwide distribution of petroleum, essential characteristics of oil and gas

Basic rock formation processes – classification and origin of rocks, burial, lithification and diagenesis; geological time and dating geological events – how rocks are dated (absolute and relative time), importance of time in rock formation and deformation, lithostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy; fundamentals of maps and sections – concepts of strike and dip, isochores and isopachs, key characteristics of maps and sections, mapping structure and stratigraphy

Petroleum system – different states of natural occurrence, chemical composition and physical properties of petroleum, origin of petroleum; the subsurface environment – temperature within earth, pressure (lithostatic, hydrostatic and abnormal), subsurface waters, fluid dynamics

Reservoir rocks – classification of reservoir rocks (clastic, carbonate and evaportites), petrophysical properties; the source – source rocks characteristics, productivity and preservation of hydrocarbon, formation, maturation and types of hydrocarbon

Migration of oil and gas – primary and secondary migration, geologic factor4s controlling hydrocarbon migration, the reservoirs - porosity, permeability, effects of diagenesis on reservoir quality, fractured reservoirs, reservoir continuity

Hydrocarbon traps – classification of hydrocarbon traps – structural, stratigraphic, combination and hydrodynamic traps; timing of trap development relative to migration; cap rocks – general properties; methods of petroleum exploration; geostatistics in petroleum geology and approaches to reserves estimation; general introduction to methods of exploration Text Books:

1. Levorsen A.I., Geology of Petroleum, W.H. Freeman & Co, Gordonsville, Virginia, U.S.A., 1967.

2. Tissot B.P. and Welte D.H., Petroleum Formation and Occurrence, Springer, Berlin, 1984.

Reference Books:

1. Hobson G.D. and Tiratsoo E.N., Introduction to Petroleum Geology, Scientific Press, 1981.

2. North F.K., Petroleum Geology, Kluver Academic Publishers, 1994. 3. Selley R.C., Elements of Petroleum Geology, 2nd Edition, Academic Press, London,

1997. 4. Singh L., Oil and Gas Field of India, Indian Petroleum Publishers, Dehra Dun, 2000. 5. Tiab D., and Donaldson, E.C. Petrophysics: Theory and Practice of Measuring

Reservoir Rock and Fluid Transport Properties, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, 1996.

6. Hunt J.M., Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology, 2nd Edition, W.H. Freeman, San Fransisco, 1996.

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PE6020 Drilling Technology 3 0 0 3 Rock mass classification; Physico-mechanical properties of rocks; laboratory and field tests; Failure criteria for rock and rock masses; initial stresses in rocks and their measurement; Mechanics of Hydraulic fracturing; planes of weakness in rocks; rock fractures and fractured rock masses; the use of stereographic projection; and application of Geo-mechanical properties in blasting of rocks.

Introduction to drilling technology and methods, types of drilling operations-exploration, appraisal, production and work over, drilling rig - its components and functions, rig sizing and selection, down hole equipment, derricks and masts, hoisting and handling systems, drilling bits, equipments for directional, horizontal and multilateral wells.

Prediction of formation pore pressure and stress gradients; Drilling fluids, drilling mud hydraulics, determination of safety mud weight bounds for different in-situ conditions, stresses around a borehole, hole stability; drilling in over pressured regimes, blow out preventor; testing a well, measurements and logging while drilling, drill stem test.

Completing a well, casing and cementing operations, well head, choke and kick manifold, Casing and casing string design, tubing and tubing string design, Christmas tree - dry tree, wet tree: production logs, depletion of well, types of offshore drilling rigs- bottom founded vs. floating, Drilling vessels, dynamic positioned vessels, motion compensation, and station keeping, Rig transport, wet tow, dry transport, Marine drilling riser system, sub sea blowout; Deep water drilling, MODU vs production platforms like TLP, SPAR, Dry tree semi etc.

Waste disposal and environmental factors in drilling; Case studies on latest drilling/coring technology applied both onshore and offshore of India.

Text Books: 1. Baker, R. A Primer of Oilwell Drilling: A Basic Text of Oil and Gas Drilling, Petroleum

Extension Service, University of Texas at Austin, 2001. 2. Chilinger, G.V. and Vorabutr, P. Drilling and Drilling Fluids. Elsevier Science,

Amsterdam, 1981. 3. Hyne, N.J. Nontechnical Guide to Petroleum Geology, Exploration, Drilling and

Production, 2nd edition, Pennwell Corporation, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 2001. Nguyen, J.P. Drilling, Editions Technip, Paris, 1996.

4. Gatlin, C.: Petroleum Engineering, Drilling and Well Completions, Prentice-Hall, Inc. (1960).

5. Borgoyne, A. T., Chenevert, M. Milheim, K., Young, F. S.: Applied Drilling Engineering, SPE Textbook Series, 1985.

6. Craft B.C et al "Well Design - Drilling and Production”. Prentice-Hall,1962. 7. R. Samuel and X. Liu (2009), "Advanced Drilling Engineering: Principles and

Designs", Gulf Publishing.

Reference Books:

1. V. S. Voitenko (1995), "Applied Geomechanics in Drilling", Russian Translations Series, 1st edition, Taylor and Francis, USA.

2. TAD (1997), "Drilling: The Manual of Methods, Applications, and Management", CRC Press, USA.

3. P. M. Bommer (2008), "A Primer of Oilwell Drilling", 7th edition, The University of Texas at Austin, Petroleum Extension Service, USA.

4. E. L. Jimeno, C. L. Jimino and A. Carcedo (1995), "Drilling and Blasting of Rocks", Revised and updated edition, Taylor and Francis, USA.

5. OTA (2006), "Oil and Gas Technologies for the Arctic and Deepwater", University Press of the Pacific, USA.

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PE6030 Reservoir Engineering 3 0 0 3 Physico-mechanical properties of rocks; Failure criteria for rock and rock masses;

Mechanics of Hydraulic fracturing; Thermo-Poro elasticity; Reservoir Subsidence;

Fundamental properties of oils and gas; Physical and chemical properties of rocks and fluids; Porosity, fluid saturations, permeability, interfacial tension, wettability, capillary pressure, effective and relative permeability, steady and unsteady state fluid flow in porous and fractured media. An introduction to oil and gas material balance equations, drive indices. An introduction to performance prediction techniques;

Reservoir engineering principles including estimation, production and recovery of reserves, material and volumetric balance, decline-curve analysis; Fluid movement in water flooded reservoirs; Estimating water flood residual oil saturation, enhanced oil recovery methods;

Properties of hydrocarbon mixtures; Flow of fluids; Natural flow performance; Artificial lift methods; Stimulation and remedial operations; Surface oil production systems; Gas production engineering;

Introduction to Analytical Methods Employed in Reservoir Engineering; Introduction to Numerical Modeling: Basics of Finite-Difference and Finite-Volume Methods; Application of modeling techniques to the optimal extraction of petroleum reserves.

Text Books:

1. Lyons, W. C. (1996). Standard Handbook of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering. Gulf professional Publishing (6th Edition), 1076 pages.

2. Craft, B. C., M. Hawkins., and R. E. Terry. (1991). Applied Petroleum Reservoir Engineering (2nd Edition), Prentice Hall, 464 pages.

3. Lake, L. W. (1989). Enhanced Oil Recovery, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs. 4. Amyx, J. W., D. M. Bass., and R. L. Whiting. (1960). Petroleum Reservoir

Engineering – Physical Properties. McGraw-Hill Inc. 5. Marle, C. M. (1981). Multiphase Flow in Porous Media. Gulf Publishing Company.

Reference Books:

1. Dake, L. P. (2001). Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering (Developments in Petroleum Science), Elsevier, ISSN: 0376-7361 (series).

2. Towler, B. F. (2002). Fundamental Principles of Reservoir Engineering. Textbook Vol. 8, Society of Petroleum Engineers, 232 pages. ISBN: 978-1-55563-092-8.

3. Ewing, R.E. (1987). The Mathematics of Reservoir Simulation. Society for Industrial Mathematics, 198 pages.

4. Ahmed, T. (2006). Reservoir Engineering Handbook. Gulf Professional Publishers, (3rd edition), 1376 pages.

5. Goodman, R. E. (1989) Introduction to Rock Mechanics, Second edition, John Wiley & Sons.

6. Jaegar, J., N. G. Cook., and R. Zimmerman (2007) Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics, Fourth Edition,Blackwell Publishing.

PE6031 Reservoir Simulation 3 0 0 3 Introduction to reservoir simulation; need for numerical solutions; Taylor series; error terms; discussion of the numerical approximations; spatial and temporal derivatives for finite difference approximation; discrete flow equations for single phase flow: general reservoir flow equations; reduction to the black oil model; discretization of the advective and diffusive/dispersive dominated transport equations; formulation of boundary conditions;

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discretization of source/sink terms; definition of matrix coefficients; truncation errors and stability; solution of linear equations; discussion of non-linear solution methods.

Introduction to fractured reservoir simulation; equations for modeling fluid flow in naturally fractured reservoir using dual-porosity and dual-permeability systems; fracture-matrix interaction; numerical significance of scale-dependent and non-Fickian behavior; Oil-water and Oil-gas simulation; introduction to compositional simulation; Compositional fluid formulation vs. Black Oil fluid formulation; thermal models; history matching; planning and executing a reservoir simulation study; reservoir simulation and management; selecting a numerical method to solve the problem.

Text Books:

1. Zhangxin Chen. (2008) Reservoir Simulation: Mathematical Techniques in Oil Recovery, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.

2. Abou-Kassem, J. H., Farouq Ali, S. M., and Islam, M. R. (2006) Petroleum Reservoir Simulation: A Basic Approach, Gulf Publishing Company.

3. Fanchi John R. (2005) Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation, Gulf Professional Publishing.

4. Carlson, M. R., (2003) Practical Reservoir Simulation: Using, Assessing, and Developing Results, Pennwell Books.

Reference Books:

1. Mattax, C.C. and Kyte, R.L. (1990) Reservoir Simulation, Monograph Series, SPE, Richardson, TX.

2. Ertekin, Abou-Kassem and King. (2001) Basic Applied Reservoir Simulation, SPE Textbook 7.

3. Mattax, C. C. and Dalton, R. L. (1990) Reservoir Simulation, SPE Monograph. 4. Armin Iske, and Trygve Randen (Editors). (2004) Mathematical Methods and

Modelling In Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production, Part III. Springer. PE6040 Seismic data acquisition, Processing and interpretation 3 0 0 3 Outline of seismic exploration methods; Theory of seismic waves -- brief introduction to elasticity theory, wave equation, plane and spherical wave solutions, body and surface waves; reflection, refraction and diffraction; Seismic velocity, measurement and use of velocity data; Characteristics of seismic events.

Data collection: Overview of reflection, refraction, 3D methods and specialized techniques.

Reflection methods: Field techniques; Seismic data processing – Fourier transforms, convolution, and correlation, deconvolution and frequency filtering, automatic statics determination, velocity analysis, preservation of amplitude information, apparent velocity (2D) filtering, migration methods, DMO and pre-stack migration, Depth migration, other types of operations, p transforms and attributes.

Geologic interpretation of reflection data: Geophyical assumptions and mapping reflection horizons; Structural geology concepts – Faultingting, Reefs, unconformities etc.; Modeling – Physical and computer modeling; synthetic seismograms, Ray-trace modeling; Stratigraphic interpretation; Hydrocarbon indicators.

Refraction methods; Acquisition and interpretation of refraction data.

3D methods – Acquisition, marine and land; Interpretation.

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Specialized techniques: Exploration with S-waves; channel waves; vertical seismic profiling; seismic tomography; borehole studies; passive methods; geostatistical methods.

Reservoir geophysics – uses at seismic data in delineating and describing reservoirs and in their surveillance

Text Books:

1. Sheriff R.E. and Geldart L.P., Exploration Seismology, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995.

2. Payton C.E., Seismic Stratigraphy – Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration, Memoir of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 26, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1977.

Reference Books:

1. Yilmaz O., Seismic Data Analysis: Processing Inversion and Interpretation of Seismic Data (Vols. 1&2), Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 2001.

2. Hardage B.A., Seismic Stratigraphy, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1987. 3. Bullen K.E. and Bolt B.A., An Introduction to the Theory of Seismology, Cambridge

University Press, 1985. 4. Bath M., Introduction to Seismology, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, 1973. 5. Coffeen J.A., Interpreting Seismic Data, Penn Well, 1984. PE6050 Oil and Gas Exploration 3 0 0 3

Principles, data acquisition, data processing, interpreting approach, and applications of magnetic, gravity, seismic, and electrical surveys.

Magnetic properties of rocks, magnetic field survey methods, data processing, qualitative and quantitative interpretation of magnetic anomalies; concepts on the earth’s gravity and its relation to geological features, gravity field surveying techniques, data processing/education, Bouguer gravity and geology; application of magnetic and gravity survey projects, for the successful exploration of the hydrocarbon bearing structures and mineral deposits with case studies.

Seismic field techniques – include land, marine and 3-D methods: land – field layouts, surveying, sources, vibrioses, geophones, uses of arrays, determining near surface correction, recording, quality control, seismic sections in recognizing common geological structures and features.

Geological methods and techniques for petroleum exploration – surface indications and direct detection of hydrocarbons; petrography of reservoir rocks , application of core data, structural and stratigraphic applications of log and dipmeter data, reservoir geology models for development planning particularly water flooding and Enhances Oil Recovery(EOR) operations.

Geological considerations in reservoir heterogeneity and reservoir characterization; application of seismic techniques to reservoir delineation; shale geology; spatial and temporal distribution of hydrocarbons; model approach to exploitation stratigraphy with reference to petroliferous basins; seismic stratigraphy and seismic modeling for hydrocarbon detection; geological risk analysis; petroleum case studies.

Text Books:

1. Burger H.R., Exploration Geophysics of the Shallow Subsurface, Prentice Hall, TN269 B86, 1992.

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2. Dobrin M.B. and Savit C.H., Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting, McGraw Hill, 1988.

3. Parasnis D.S., Principle of Applied Geophysics, Chapman and Hall, 1997.

Reference Books:

1. Telford et al., Applied Geophysics, Cambridge University Press, 1990. 2. Serra O., Well Logging and Geology, Editions Technip, Paris, 2003. 3. Sheriff R.E. and Geldart L.P., Exploration Seismology, 2nd edition, Cambridge

University Press, Cambridge, 1995. 4. Sahay B., Rai A. and Ghosh M., Wellsite Geological Techniques for Petroleum

Exploration, Oxford & IBH, New Delhi, 1984. 5. Cook J.F. and Graham M., Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production, Elsevier, 1989. 6. Magara K., Geological Models and Petroleum Entrapment, Springer-kluwer, 1986. 7. Visher G.S., Exploration Stratigraphy, 2nd Edition, Tulsa, 1990. PE6090 HSE Management in Petroleum and Offshore Engineering 3 0 0 3

Introduction to safety, health and environmental management – Basic terms and their definitions – Importance of safety – safety assurance and assessment – safety in design and operation – organizing for safety Hazard classification and assessment – hazard evaluation and hazard control

Environmental issues and Management – atmospheric pollution – flaring and fugitive release – water pollution – drilling waste, produced water, oil spills, cooling water, processed water – soil waste – rock cutting, oil sludge, drilling soil waste, production waste – Environmental monitoring – environmental impact and decommissioning – environmental management

Accidents modeling – release modeling – fire and explosion modeling – toxic release and dispersion modeling – accident investigation and reporting – concepts of HAZOP and PHA

Safety measures in design and process operations – inerting, explosion, fire prevention, sprinkler systems

Risk assessment and management – Risk picture – definition and characteristics – risk acceptance criteria – quantified risk assessment – hazard assessment – fatality risk assessment – Marine systems risk modeling – risk management principles and methods and concepts optimization for offshore petroleum industry

Analysis of case studies from offshore and petroleum industry PE6100 Petroleum Engineering Laboratory 0 0 3 2

Study and interpretation of geological structures; 3D structural geological analysis and subsurface map interpretation.

Mineral typing; Rock typing; Visual inspection of core samples and interpretation; Microscopic thin section analysis.

Field work: lithologic log; faunal log and faunal tally; oblique outcrop measurements.

Iinterpretations of satellite data for surface geological/structural mapping and identifying potential zones of hydrocarbon.

Seismic data interpretation; Computer analysis of 2D and 3D seismic data.

Determination of lithology, porosity etc. from core and well-log data.

Porosity determination using routine core analysis; Measurement of absolute permeability.

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Measurement of fluid saturation; Measurement of capillary pressure.

Phase behaviour of a pure component; PVT analysis.

Determination of water content, density, specific weight etc. of rock.

Uniaxial compressive test, Determination of elastic constants of rock; Determination of strength of rock in tri-axial compression. PE 6120 Practical Training 2 0 0 2 On completion of the course work in the first two semesters, the students will undergo practical training for a period of 45 days at the ONGC institutes and laboratories. This is a unique opportunity through which the students acquire the practical knowledge on geological/geophysical exploration techniques, seismic data processing and interpretation, log data interpretation, geoscientific laboratory analysis (Sedimentology, Biostratigraphy, Geochemistry, Reservoir, and Petrophysics), reservoir characterization, geological modeling, onshore and offshore drilling techniques, EOR, onshore/offshore operations and exploration activities, and petroleum safety, health and environment. This training is an integral part of the curriculum and is aimed at making the students getting acquainted with the practical aspects of petroleum engineering courses offered at IIT Madras. PE6180 Natural Gas Engineering 3 0 0 3

Properties and Measurement of Natural Gas: Phase behavior fundamentals, qualitative and quantitative phase behavior, vapor liquid equilibrium.

Equation of state, critical pressure and temperature determination. Gas compressibility, viscosity and thermal conductivity, formation volume factor.

Gas flow measurement, and fundamentals, Gas Reservoir Performance, Steady State Flow of Gas in Production Tubing, Temperatures profiling in flowing gas systems.

Natural gas processing, Gas Compression, Gas Gathering and Transport Installation, Operation and trouble shooting of natural gas pipelines. Reference Books:

1. Beggs, D, H, Gas Production Operations. Edition Technip. 1984 2. Chaudhary, Amanat U, Gas well Testing Handbook, Elsevier, 2003 3. Lee, J, Wattenbarger, R. A., “Gas Reservoir Engineering”, Society of Petroleum

Engineers, TX, USA, 1996. 4. Ikoku, Chi, “Natural Gas Production Engineering”, John Wiley and Sons, 1984. 5. Kumar Sanjay, “Gas Production Engineering”, Gulf Professional Publishing, TX,

USA, 1987. 6. Mokhatab, s, Poe, W A and Speight, J G, Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission

and Processing, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2006. PE6316 Special Topics in Petroleum Engineering 3 0 0 3 Objective: To enable all 3rd Semester M.Tech–Petroleum Engineering students to acquire basic and practical knowledge of the fundamentals of current topics of interest in petroleum engineering which have not been covered in the first two semesters of the curriculum.

Well logging and formation evaluation

Well testing and completion

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Natural gas engineering

Oil & gas production engineering

Well simulation and Artificial lift methods

Enhanced oil recovery

Petroleum economics

Reference Books:

1. Asquith, G.B., and Krygowski, D., Basic Well Log Analysis (2nd Edition), American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Oklahoma, USA, 2004.

2. Darling, T., Well logging and Formation Evaluation, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 2005.

3. Golan, M., and Whitson C.H., Well Performance, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991.

4. Craft B.C., Well Design - Drilling and Production. Prentice-Hall,1962, 5. Lee, W.J., Well Testing, SPIE Textbook Series, 1982. 6. Fundamentals of Formation Testing, Schlumberger (2006). 7. W.C. Lyons, Standard handbook of petroleum and natural gas engineering, Gulf

Publishing Company, 2005. 8. Schechter R.S., Oil Well Stimulation, Prentice Hall,1992. 9. Economides, M.J., Hill, A.D., and Ehlig, C.E., Petroleum Production Systems.

Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1994. 10. Dale, B.H., Production Optimization Using Nodal Analysis, OGCI Publications,

Tulsa, 1991 11. Shippen. M.E., and Scott, S.L., Offshore Multiphase Production Operations, SPE,

2004. 12. Lake, L.W., Enhanced Oil Recovery, Prentice Hall, 1996. 13. Baviere, M., Basic Concepts In Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes, Springer, 1991. 14. Abdel-AAl, Petroleum Economics and Engineering (2nd Edition), CRC Press, 1992. 15. Jean Masserson, Petroleum Economics (2nd edition), Editions Technip, Paris, 1990.

Elective: PE 6060 Offshore Oil and Gas Production Systems 3 0 0 3 Reservoir capacity; Reservoir fluid and produced water compositions; Process simulation; Equipment sizing; Flow control; Flow performance evaluation; wellhead manifolds; decline curve analysis; Reservoir depletion; Artificial lift; Gas lift and water injection schemes;

Fluid production systems; Three phase fluid separation; sand production; produced water treatment; Pressure control systems; flare and vent;

Process flow diagrams (PFD); Material balance; Process and Instrument Diagram; Cause and Effect Matrix; Line sizing; Control, relief and vent systems; Blow down analysis;

Gas separation and dehydration; Condensate processing; Gas compression systems; Low pressure (LP) and High pressure (HP) compression; Multistage compression systems.

Utility systems requirements; Sea water system; Compressed air system; Inert gas system; Fuel gas system; Emergency power systems; Heat treatment and cooling systems; Flow control and metering systems; Chemical injection systems;

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Text Books:

1. W.C. Lyons, Standard handbook of petroleum and natural gas engineering, Gulf Publishing Company

2. Surface Production Operations, Volume 1, Third Edition: Design of Oil Handling Systems and Facilities by Maurice Stewart; Ken Arnold, Butterworth-Heinaman, 1997

3. Surface Production Operations, Volume 2, Third Edition: Design of Gas Handling Systems and Facilities by Maurice Stewart; Ken Arnold, Butterworth-Heinaman, 1997

Reference Books:

1. API Recommended Practice 14E, Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Offshore Production Platform Piping Systems.

2. API RP 14C Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation and Testing of Basic Surface Safety Systems for Offshore Production Platforms.

3. GPSA Engineering Data Book, Edition 11, 1998 PE6080 Petroleum Refining Technology 3 0 0 3 Introduction to the Refinery Flow Sheet

Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Crude Oil Properties, Tests, Sources, Assays

Unit operations in refining: Atmospheric and Vacuum Distillation, Fluid Catalytic Cracking, Catalytic Reforming and Aromatics recovery, Isomerization, Alkylation and Polymerization, Hydroprocessing for Sulfur, Nitrogen and Aromatics Reduction, Sweetening, Resid Processing, Cooking, Hydrocracking Dewaxing, Visbreaking

Gas to Liquids Technology PE6310 Well Completion, Testing and Analysis 3 0 0 3 Well completion: types of wells, completion functions, types of completion, well completion design; Mechanical aspects of well testing, Subsurface completion equipment and accessories, Well Head Equipment, Interval selection consideration and optimization of tubing dimensions for maximum production, Special consideration for horizontal and multilateral completions. Perforation of Oil and gas wells, Sand Control, Reservoir stimulation, Data acquisition, SCADA systems

Completion technology for unconsolidated formations, Intelligent completion equipment, tubing string design (dimension, materials, connections) based on pressure-temp. Operating conditions, safety requirements; HPHT and horizontal well completions, Work over equipment: Wire Line, Snubbing Unit, Coil Tubing, Completion and Work over design and execution; Deepwater completions: Recent trends

Basics of well testing and interpretation; Fluid Flow in Porous Media: Derivation of diffusivity equation, solutions of the equation, dimensionless quantities; Pressure Build–up Tests: Procedure, analysis, multirate analysis, effects of fault, partial penetration, deviated wells; Pressure Dropdown Tests: Procedure, analysis, multirate analysis, Type Curve Analysis: Need, procedure, types of well that can be analyzed, typical examples using at least three different type curves; Drill Stem Test: Detailed Procedure, analysis, equipment used; Other Well Tests: Gas well tests, interference tests, fractured well test, horizontal well tests; Production testing equipment and well head equipment; Software used to analyze above tests.

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Text Books:

1. Gatlin, C.: Petroleum Engineering, Drilling and Well Completions, Prentice-Hall, Inc. (1960).

2. Borgoyne, A. T., Chenevert, M. Milheim, K., Young, F. S.: Applied Drilling Engineering, SPE Textbook Series, 1985.

3. Craft B.C et al "Well Design - Drilling and Production”. Prentice-Hall,1962,

Reference Books:

1. Schechter R.S., “Oil Well Stimulation” Prentice Hall,1992 2. Beggs D S. Gas Production Operations. OGCI Publications. 2002 3. Earlougher, R. C.: Advances in Well Test Analysis, SPE Monograph,1977. 4. Lee, W. J.: Well Testing, SPIE Textbook Series, 1982. 5. Streltsova, T. D.: Well Testing in Heterogeneous Formations, John Wiley and Sons,

1988. 6. Fundamentals of Formation Testing, Schlumberger (2006).

PE6320 Sub Sea Engineering for Oil and Gas 3 0 0 3 Introduction to field development concepts; Surface and subsea systems; Dry and wet tree concepts; Subsea development field architecture; Subsea manifold; Jumpers, umbilicals and risers; Flexible and deep water risers; Steel catenary risers; Rigid and flexible pipelines; Underwater production systems

Floating production systems; Storage and transfer systems; Deep water structural systems for exploration, drilling and production; interaction of pipelines and risers with the structural systems

Introduction to subsea pipelines; Pipeline arrival and discharge conditions; Pipeline hydraulics; Steady state and transient analysis; pipeline sizing; Friction loss; Temperature profile; Slug formation and control; Pipeline design for stresses and stability; Pipeline flexibility and span analysis; Cathodic protection design

Pipeline and riser installation methods; Pipeline dewatering and startup; Intelligent pigging; Pipeline corrosion monitoring; Pipeline crossings; Bonded and unbonded flexibles.

Introduction to field development concepts; Surface and subsea systems; Dry and wet tree concepts; Subsea development field architecture; Subsea manifold; Jumpers, umbilicals and risers; Flexible and deep water risers; Steel catenary risers; Rigid and flexible pipelines; Underwater production systems.

Floating production systems; Storage and transfer systems; Deep water structural systems for exploration, drilling and production; Interaction of pipelines and risers with the structural systems.

Introduction to subsea pipelines; Pipeline arrival and discharge conditions; Pipeline hydraulics; Steady state and transient analysis; Pipeline sizing; Friction loss; Temperature profile; Slug formation and control; Pipeline design for stresses and stability; Pipeline flexibility and span analysis; Cathodic protection design.

Pipeline and riser installation methods; Pipeline dewatering and startup; Intelligent pigging; Pipeline corrosion monitoring; Pipeline crossings; Bonded and unbonded flexibles. Text Books:

1. Subsea Pipelines and Risers (First Edition, 2005) by Yong Bai and Qiang Bai, Elsevier.

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2. Offshore Pipelines (2005) by Boyun Guo, Shanhong Song, Jacob Chacko and Ali Ghalambor, Elsevier.

Reference Books:

1. Deepwater petroleum exploration and production (2005): A non-technical guide by William L. Leffler, Richard Pattarozzi, and Gordon Sterling, Elsevier.

2. Subsea Pipeline Engineering, (2nd Edition, 2008) by Andrew C. Palmer and Roger A. King.

3. Fundamentals of Marine Riser Mechanics (2007) by Charles P. Sparks, PennWell. OE5060 Geo-Informatics 3 0 0 3 Principles of remote sensing; electromagnetic radiation interaction with atmosphere and earth materials; platforms and orbits; remote sensing systems – multispectral, thermal, active and passive microwave and LIDAR systems, hyperspectral imaging systems; non-imaging systems; digital image data formats; data transmission; storage and retrieval.

Image Processing – radiometric, geometric and atmospheric correction techniques; various digital image enhancement and classification techniques including neural network techniques; visual interpretation methods mainly in land remote sensing

Ocean colour principles, atmospheric correction and water constituents retrieval algorithms, products and applications; infrared remote sensing principles, atmospheric correction, SST measurements, SST retrieval algorithms and applications.

SAR principles, data products and applications including oil pollution, ship detection, wave and wind field retrievals, oceanic eddies and fronts, underwater bottom topography, sea ice monitoring; radar Altimetry/Scatterometry principles, atmospheric and geophysical corrections, algorithms for sea level, wave height and application; synergy of data from different satellite sensors

Fundamentals of GIS, vector, raster and attribute data models, vector and raster data structure, spatial data input and editing, visualization and query of spatial data, spatial data transformations, spatial analysis, DBMS, Knowledge based systems, digital elevation models – digital image processing advanced concepts of GIS and digital terrain modeling, tools for Map Analysis – single and multiple, global positioning system (GPS) and its applications in GIS Text Books:

1. Jensen J.R., Remote Sensing of the Environment, Prentice Hall Publisher, New Jersey, USA, 2000

2. Lillesand T.M. and Kiefer R.W., Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, John Wiley and Sons, Inc New York, 1999.

3. Slater P.N., Remote Sensing: Optics and optical systems, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, USA, 1980.

Reference Books:

1. Martin S., An Introduction to Ocean Remote Sensing, Cambridge University Press, UK, 2004

2. Campbell J.B., Introduction to Remote Sensing, Taylors and Francis, London, 2003 3. Franks S., Marzanic, Remote Sensing of atmosphere and Ocean from Space :

Models, Instruments and Techniques, Kulwer Academic Publisher, 2002

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4. Benhardsen T., Geographic Information Systems: an Introduction, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2002.

5. Bonham-Carter G.F., Geographic Information System for Geoscientists Modelling with GIS, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1994.

OE5340 Ocean Environment Policy and Coastal Zone Management 3 0 0 3 Functions and utility of the Ocean environment; Essential parameters to frame Ocean Policy, regulation and laws; Sources of Ocean/Marine pollution, their containment mitigation and impact on environmental degradation; pollution in Coastal Zones; Concept of sustainability with regard to marine environment

Resources of the ocean both living and non-living, Management and Economic issues of resources. Exploration and exploitation of ocean resources in relation to utilisation and marine policy

Ocean governance; the international law commission of 1950; Geneva Convention-1958; Conventions on the Territorial sea and contiguous zone; the Continental shelf; the high seas and on fishing and conservation of living resource of the high seas

Law of the sea- UNCLOS; most innovative components of the convention; importance of Exclusive economic zone (EEZ), a new regime for marine scientific research and its role ion sustainable development; the principles of common heritage of mankind and reservation for peaceful purposes dealing with both

Post UNCLOS developments; UNCLOS and UNCED; Analyses and synthesis of agenda 21; Chapter 17 of UNCED; Marine sciences and Technologies in the new Ocean regime. Ocean governance in coastal states

Requirement for coastal zone management; Concept of integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) syatems approach to ICZM; Coastal zone Regulations and their importance Text Books:

1. E. Frankel, Ocean Environmental Management, Prentice Hall PTR, Englewood Cliffs, Now Jersey, 1995.

2. E.M. Brogese, Ocean Governance and the United Nations, Centre of Foreign Policy Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, 1995.

3. Luc Cuyvers, Ocean Uses and their Regulation, Wiley Interscience, John Wiley and Sons, 1984.

Reference Books:

1. B. Cicin - Sain and R.W. Knecht, Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management, Island Press, Washington, 1998

2. R.R. Churchill and A.V. Lowe. The law of the sea. Manchester: Manchester House, 1987.

3. United Nations, 48th Session. Agreement relating to the implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982, 17 August 1994, A/RES/48/263.

4. World Commission on Environment and Development. Our Common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987 (also Know as the Bruntland Report).

5. Sustainabl Development, Science and Policy – The Conference Oslo: The Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities, August 1990.

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PE6311 Well Logging and Formation Evaluation 3 0 0 3 Introduction: well logging and geology, the basics of borehole geophysics, drilling fluids, borehole environment, invasion profiles and invasion characteristics, basic information needed in log interpretation

Theory of measurements of common well logging techniques - spontaneous potential, gamma ray, sonic, density, litho-density, neutron, resistivity, microresistivity and induction logs; Well log interpretation and applications – porosity petrofacies from porosity logs (density, sonic, and neutron logs); permeability from RFT; lithology/texture from lithology logs (SP/GR logs); sediment chemistry/diagenesis from geophysical/geochemical combination logs.

Dipmeter logging: principle, tool, data acquisition, data processing and interpretation methods; applications – to delineate sedimentary/structural features (up to 5cm scale) as well as sediment cyclicity and sequence, and to characterize fractured reservoirs in depth.

Borehole imaging: principles - electrical and acoustics, tools, data acquisition techniques, image processing and enhancement, borehole image artifacts and image interpretation approaches; applications – to delineate fine scale (up to 1cm scale) sedimentary facies/ structural features with absolute orientations and continuity; interpretation of low sequential enhanced 2D and 3D images for the poorly recovered coring intervals, palco flow analysis, and ichno (trace) fossil analysis/recognition.

Logging tools for monitoring the well and reservoir, case studies Text Books:

1. Serra, O., Well Logging and Geology, Editions Technip, Paris, 2003. 2. Schlumberger Manual Log Interpretation Principles/Applications, Vol. 1 & 2,

Schlumberger Education Services, New York, 1989. 3. Asquith, G. and Krygwski, D. (2004): Basic well log analysis” The American

Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma. 4. Bateman, R.M., Open Hole Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation, Reidel,

Dordrecht, 1985. 5. Rider, M.H. The Geological Interpretation of Well Logs, Blackie, London, 1985. 6. Rider, M.H. (1996):”The geological interpretation of well logs” 2nd edition, Blackie

and Son Limited, London, UK. PE6312 Enhanced Oil Recovery 3 0 0 3 General EOR: Definition of Reserves, Environmental and Economics Aspects of EOR Methods, Displacement Fundamentals, Reservoir Engineering Concepts for EOR, Factors Affecting Oil Recovery, Comparative Performance of Different EOR Methods, Screening Criteria and Technical Constraints.

Miscible Processes: General Overview of Solvent Methods, Phase Behavior Fundamentals from: Pressure/Temperature and Pressure/Composition Diagrams, Quantitative Representation of Phase Equilibria Processes.

Chemical and Polymer Flooding: Fractional Flow Theory, Dissipation in Immiscible Displacements, Applications of Fractional Flow in Oil Recovery Calculations, Homogeneous Reservoirs: Buckley-Leverett. One-dimensional displacement, Layered Reservoirs: Styles, Dykstra-Parsons and Johnson Methods. Improved Waterflooding Processes: Polymer Flooding, Rheology of Polymer Solutions, Polymer Adsorption and Retention, Micellar-

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Polymer or Microemulsion Flooding, Properties of Surfactants and Cosurfactants, Surfactant-Brine-Oil Phase Behavior, Performance Evaluation, Determination of Residual Oil Saturation-Tracers.

Thermal Processes: Steam Injection Processes, Cyclic and Continuous Steam Injection, Thermal Properties of Fluids and Solids, Steam Properties: Flow Rate and Quality Measurements. Temperature Effect on Reservoir and Fluid Properties, Viscosity Reduction, Thermal Expansion, Oil Characterization for Thermal Reservoir Simulation, Evaluation of Heat Losses, Prediction of Steam Flood Performance, Cyclic Steam Performance: Marx-Langenheim model., Steamflood Performance: Gomaa’s Method. Microbial EOR: Well bore clean up, well stimulation and enhanced water floods using microbes Text Books:

1. Lake, L. (1991) Enhanced Oil Recovery, PennWell Publishing Company. 2. Donaldson, E. C., Chilngarian G. V., and T. F. Yen. (1985) Enhanced Oil Recovery-

I, Elsevier Publications. 3. Latil, M. (1980): Enhanced Oil Recovery, Gulf Publications. 4. Green, D.W. and G. P. Willhite. (2003) Enhanced Oil Recovery, SPE. Reference Books:

1. Carcoana, A. (1992) Applied Enhanced Oil Recovery, Prentice Hall. 2. James, G. (2009) Enhanced Recovery Methods for Heavy Oil and Tar Sands, Gulf

Publishing Company. 3. Donaldson, E. C., Chilngarian G. V., and T. F. Yen. (1989) Enhanced Oil Recovery-

II: Processes and Operations. Elsevier Publications. 4. Ramirez, W. F. (1987) Application of Optimal Control Theory to Enhanced Oil

Recovery, Elsevier Publications. PE6313 Applied Scientific Computing in Ocean and 3 0 0 3

Petroleum Engineering Introduction to matrix computations, component wise error analysis, re-orthogonalization, and QR decomposition.

Computer methods for curve fitting, numerical approximations, integration, interpolation, solution of sets of linear/non-linear equations, statistically improbable phrases (SIPs), non-linear multivariate statistical regression methods, and numerical solution of PDE's.

Parametric curves and surfaces, Bezier curves and surfaces, B-spline curves and surfaces, and Non-uniform rational B-spline curves and surfaces.

Boundary integral methods and algorithms, boundary value problems with equi-valued surface within bounded or unbounded domain with piecewise smooth boundary, quasi-harmonic equations, imbedding theorem, weak compactness theorem, up-winding rules, segregated methods, immersed boundary techniques with mapping algorithms, multiphase flow problems, and multi-fluid models.

Structured split and un-split method, cell and grid based computing, scalar advection equations, isentropic equations, piecewise polynomial functions, and color equations.

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Lattice Boltzmann Modeling.

Soft computing (e.g. GAs, ANNs, and fuzzy logical operators), fuzzy partial differential equations and relational equations.

Text Books:

1. M. C. Sukop and D. T. Thorne (2005), “Lattice Boltzmann Modeling: An Introduction for Geoscientists and Engineers”, 1st edition, Springer, Germany.

2. K. F. Riley, M. P. Hobson and S. J. Bence (2006), “Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineering: A Comprehensive Guide”, 3rd edition, Cambridge University Press, UK.

3. R. J. LeVeque (2002), “Finite Volume Methods for Hyperbolic Problems”, Cambridge Texts in Applied Mathematics, 1st edition, Cambridge University Press, UK.

Reference Books:

1. [1] M. Nikravesh, L. A. Zadeh and F. Aminzadeh (2003), “Soft Computing and Intelligent Data Analysis in Oil Exploration”, Developments in Petroleum Science, Volume 51, 1st edition, Elsevier Science, Netherlands.

2. M. Nikravesh, L. A. Zadeh and V. Korotkikh (2004), “Fuzzy Partial Differential Equations and Relational Equations: Reservoir Characterization and Modeling”, Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, 1st edition, Springer, Germany.

3. T. Li, S. Zheng, Y-S Tan and W. Shen (1998), “Boundary Value Problems with Equivalued Surface and Resistivity Well-Logging”, Pitman Research Notes in Mathematics Series 382, 1st edition, Longman, UK.

4. A. Prosperetti and G. Tryggvason (2009), “Computational Methods for Multiphase Flow”, 1st edition, Cambridge University Press, UK.

5. C. T. Crowe (2005), “Multiphase Flow Handbook”, Mechanical Engineering Series, 1st edition, CRC Press, USA.

PE6314 Drilling Fluid Design and Analysis 3 0 0 3 Introduction to composition of fluid, physical/thermal/thermo-mechanical properties of mud, water-base drilling fluid, oil fluid, effects of air, gas, and mist drilling.

Introduction to clay mineralogy, colloidal chemistry, clay's reaction with water, rheology, filtration properties, hole stability, common drilling problems, and completion fluids.

Common drilling fluid tests, contamination problems, and resolutions; fluid system equipments, lost circulation, and types of drilling fluids.

Different types of drilling fluid and selection of these; drilling fluid rheology, density and filter properties, polymers, oil-based drilling fluid, chemical and mechanical hole stability; laminar and turbulent pressure loss in pipes and annuli; hydraulic optimization; fluid for deepwater technology; non-newtonian fluid mechanics, drilling fluid for under-balanced drilling, drilling fluid for geothermal energy drilling, drilling fluid for recovery processes.

Cleaning of drilling fluid, shale shakers, removal of solids, motion control, supercharging pumps, gas busters, and drilling fluid for unbalanced drilling.

Case studies from the basins of India and world. Text Books:

1. [1] K. V. Dyke (2000), "Drilling Fluids: Lesson 2", Revised edition, The University of Texas at Austin - Petroleum Extension Service, USA.

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2. H. C. H. Darley and G. R. Gray (1988), "Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids", Fifth edition, Gulf Professional Publishing, USA.

3. PESP (2007), "Principles of Drilling Fluid Control", Revised edition, The University of Texas at Austin - Petroleum Extension Service; USA.

Reference Books:

1. [1] ASME Shale Shaker Committee (2004), "Drilling Fluids Processing Handbook",

Gulf Professional Publishing, USA. 2. J. J. Azar and G. Robello Samuel (2007), "Drilling Engineering", Penn-Well

Corporation, USA. 3. W. C. Chin (2001), "Computational Rheology for Pipeline and Annular Flow", Non-

Newtonian Flow Modeling for Drilling and Production, and Flow Assurance Methods in Subsea Pipeline Design, Gulf Professional Publishing, USA

Academic Publications – August 2010 – 500 copies