m.sc. (tech) engineering physics structure and syllabi · g. aruldhas, quantum mechanics, 2nd ed.,...

M.Sc. (Tech) Engineering Physics Structure and Syllabi EFFECTIVE FROM THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2016 – 2017

SEMESTER I

Complex Variables and Integral Transforms Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4 Course objective: This course is designed to provide the mathematical skills needed by the physics students. Syllabus: 1. Elements of Complex analysis, singularities, calculus of residues, evaluation of definite

integrals and contour integration.

2. Special functions: Legendre and Bessel functions, Dirac Delta Function, Green’s functions for ordinary differential equations

3. Tensor analysis: Coordinate transformations, scalars, Covariant and Contravariant tensors. Addition, Subtraction, Outer product, Inner product and Contraction. Symmetric and antisymmetric tensors.

4. Integral Transforms: Development of the Fourier Integral, Fourier Transforms—Inversion Theorem, Fourier Transform of Derivatives, Convolution Theorem, Momentum Representation, Transfer Functions, Laplace Transforms, Laplace Transform of Derivatives, solutions of differential equations by Laplace transform.

5. Theory of Errors: Systematic and Random Errors. Propagation of Errors. Normal Law of Errors. Standard and Probable Error.

Reading:

1. M. R. Spiegel, Theory and Problems of Complex Variables, Schaum’s outline series, 2 edition, McGraw-Hill Education, 2009.

2. G. Arfken, Weber, and Harris, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 7th Edition, Academic Press, 2012.

3. Huaan Fan, Theory of Errors , KTH, 2010 4. B.D. Gupta, Mathematical Physics, 4th Edition, Vikas Publishing House, India, 2009.

Learning Outcome: Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

Explain residue theorem and solve contour integral

Differentiate between Fourier Transform and Laplace Transform.

Apply special mathematical functions appropriately in solving problems in physics

Apply transform methods to solve elementary differential equations of interest in physics and engineering

Analyze the errors arising from experimental data

M.Sc. (Tech) Engineering Physics Structure and Syllabi - Effective from the Academic Year 2016 – 2017

SEMESTER I

Quantum Mechanics PH5101 Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4 Course objectives: To develop familiarity with the physical concepts and the mathematical methods of quantum mechanics so as to enable the students to formulate and solve Physics problems. Syllabus: 1. Schrödinger equation and its applications- three dimensional considerations- Free particle

wave function; Motion of a charged particle in a spherically symmetric field; Angular momentum and the Eigen functions; Energy states associated wave functions of Hydrogen atom; Expression of Bohr radius.

2. Dirac notation and Representation of State Spaces, Linear Operators, Concept of Kets, Bras and Operators, Expectation Values, Superposition Principle, Orthogonality. Solution of the Linear Harmonic Oscillator with Operator Method, Coherent States.

3. Approximation methods - Time-independent perturbation theory for non-degenerate and degenerate states. Applications: Anharmonic oscillator, Helium atom, WKB method, Time-dependent perturbation theory; Harmonic perturbation; Fermi’s golden rule.

4. Generalised angular momentum- Infinitesimal rotation, Generator of rotation, Commutation rules, Matrix representation of angular momentum operators, Spin, Pauli spin matrices, Rotation of spin states, Coupling of two angular momentum operators.

5. Scattering theory- Scattering of a particle by a fixed centre of force. Scattering amplitude, differential and total cross sections. Method of partial waves. Phase shifts. Optical theorem.

Reading: 1. L. I. Schiff, Quantum Mechanics, 3rd Revised edition, McGraw-Hill Book, New York 1968. 2. R. Eisberg and R. Resnick, Quantum Physics, 2nd Ed., Wiley India, 2010. 3. D. Bohm, Quantum Theory, Revised Edition, Dover publications, 1989. 4. A. K. Ghatak and S. Lokanathan, Quantum Mechanics: Theory and Applications, Springer

Publishers, 2004. 5. P. A. M Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, 4th Ed., Snowball publishing, 2012. 6. G. Aruldhas, Quantum Mechanics, 2nd Ed., PHI Learning, 2012. Learning Outcomes: At the end of the course, the students will be able to,

Understand and appreciate the necessity of Quantum Mechanics in explaining the aspects of atomic and sub-atomic realm

Be familiar with the concept and interpretation of the wave-function; Eigen-functions, Eigen-states and probability densities of simple systems

Be familiar with the concept of operators and notations and grasp the concepts of spin and angular momentum, as well as their quantization and addition rules

Be able to comprehend and solve simple quantum mechanical problems


SEMESTER I

Solid State Physics PH5102 Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4

Course Objective: To introduce the foundational principles of solid state physics and demonstrate its applicability in predicting dielectric, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties from the first principles.

Syllabus: 1. Crystallography: Review on crystal and crystal structures, X-ray diffraction- Laue equations

Bragg’s law, Laue-, powder- and Single crystal X-ray diffractrometers, diffraction in reciprocal space, Ewald’s sphere, limiting sphere. Electron and neutron diffraction.

2. Fundamental of semiconductor materials - Energy bands in solids, The Bloch theorem, Bloch functions, Review of the Kroning-penney model, Brillouin zones, Number of states in the band, effective mass concept.

3. Energy band structure; Direct and indirect band gap semiconductors, density of states, equilibrium distribution functions; Fermi energy, carrier statistics in equilibrium, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, estimation of carrier concentration, conductivity, bandgap and Fermi energy level; PN junction diode – basic structure, energy band diagram, space charge capacitance, minority carrier distribution, Drift and diffusion current, generation and recombination of carriers, continuity equation, V-I characteristic of PN diode, Determination of built in potential, diffusion lengths and depletion capacitance of the diodes; Hall effect, Quantum Hall Effect and its applications.

4. Optical properties in solids: Drude model, ionic conduction, optical absorption in metals, insulators and semiconductors, Excitons, Photoluminescence phenomena. Dielectric properties of solids: Local fields, Clausius Mosotti relation, Dispersion relations of dielectrics. Ferrites: Types of ferrites, structures, properties, super paramagnetism, hyperthermia and applications, Garnets.

5. Review of superconductivity, Type I and Type II superconductors, London equations, thermodynamics of superconductors, BCS theory, Quantum tunneling, AC and DC Josephson effect, SQUIDS, High Tc super conductors, Applications.

Reading: 1. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 8th Edition, Wiely, India, 2012. 2. A. J. Dekker, Solid State Physics, Macmillan, India, 2015. 3. M. Ali Omar , Elementary solid state physics, Addison-Wesley, 2005. 4. S. O. Pillai , Solid state physics, New Age International Pvt. Ltd. Publishers, 2015. 5. B. D. Cullity, C.D. Graham, Introduction to Magnetic Materials, 2nd Ed., Willey and IEEE Press, 2009.

Learning Outcomes: After completion of this course, the students are able to,

Explain the different crystal structures, basic crystallography, crystalline materials with various diffraction methods, Ewald’s Sphere

Appreciate the basic physics of semiconductor devices

Estimate carrier concentration, conductivity, bandgap , Fermi energy level of semiconductors

Determine built in potential, diffusion lengths and depletion capacitance of the diodes

Describe the phenomena of superconductivity


SEMESTER I

Optical Physics PH5103 Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4

Course Objective: To develop deep understanding of interference, diffraction, polarization, coherence, image formation, optical dispersion, quantization and transient optical effects.

Syllabus: 1. Theory of diffraction: The scalar-wave theory of diffraction, Fresnel diffraction, Propagation

of a Gaussian light beam, Fresnel diffraction by linear systems , Fraunhofer diffraction in optics, Fraunhofer diffraction and Fourier transforms, Examples of Fraunhofer diffraction by one- and two-dimensional apertures, Some general diffraction principles.

2. Interferometry: Interference between coherent waves, Two-beam interferometry, Common-path interferometers, Interference by multiple reflections, Berry’s geometrical phase in interferometry, Gravitational-wave detector LIGO

3. Polarization and anisotropic media: Polarized light in isotropic media, Production of polarized light, Wave propagation in anisotropic media: A generalized approach, Electromagnetic waves in an anisotropic medium, Crystal optics, Uniaxial crystals, Interference figures: Picturing the anisotropic properties of a crystal, Applications of propagation in anisotropic media, Induced anisotropic behavior.

4. Coherence: Coherence of waves in space and time, Physical origin of line widths, Quantification of the concept of coherence, Temporal coherence, Fourier transform spectroscopy, Spatial coherence, Fluctuations in light beams, classical photon statistics and their relationship to coherence

5. Image formation: The diffraction theory of image formation, The resolution limit of optical instruments, The optical transfer function: A quantitative measure of the quality of an imaging system, Applications of the Abbe theory: Spatial filtering, Holography.

6. Theory of dispersion: Classical dispersion theory, Rayleigh scattering, Coherent scattering and dispersion, Dispersion relations, Group velocity in dispersive media: Superluminal velocities and slow light.

7. Quantum optics: Quantization of the electromagnetic field, Plane wave modes in a linear cavity, Interaction of light with matter.

8. Transient effect: Principle of Q-switching, different methods of Q-switching, electro-optic and Magneto optic effects for Q-switching, Pockels cell.

Reading: 1. A. Lipson, S. G. Lipson and H. Lipson, Optical Physics, Cambridge Press, 4th Ed., 2010 2. B. E. A. Saleh, and M. Carl Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, John Wiley & Sons, New

York, 2nd Ed., 2007. 3. E. Hecht, Optics, 5th Ed., Pearson, 2016.

Learning outcomes: At the end of the course students should be able to:

Understand and analyze the optical systems based on the basic principles optics

Explain the physics of image formation.

Appreciate the advances in quantum optics and transient effects of optics.


SEMESTER I

Network Analysis PH5104 Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4

Course Objectives:

To understand the fundamental concepts and theories about the networks with different energy storage devices, sufficient enough to solve the complex network circuit problems.

Syllabus:

1. Development of circuit concept- Charge and energy- Basic parameters – Resistors- Capacitors – Inductors – Reference directions for voltage and current – Active element conventions- Dot convention for coupled circuits, Topological descriptions of networks – Examples.

2. Network equations: Kirchhoff’s laws – source transformations – Loop variable analysis – Node variable analysis – Duality – Examples; First order differential equations – time constants – initial conditions – initial state of network; Second order differential equations – internal and external excitations – General solutions – concept of S plane and roots; Natural and steady state response of RL, RC, RLC circuits.

3. Impedance functions and Network theorems: concept of complex frequency – Transform impedance – series and parallel combinations of elements; Superposition and Reciprocity theorems - Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems – Maximum power theorem – Millman’s theorem – and their applications.

4. Two port parameters – Relationship of two port variables – Short circuit admittance parameters – open circuit impedance parameters – Transmission parameters – Hybrid parameters – Interrelationships – parallel connections of two port networks.

5. Sinusoidal steady state analysis – The sinusoidal steady state – phasors and phasor diagrams – magnitude and phase plots – Bode diagrams – Nyguist criterion.

6. Input power, power transfer and insertion loss – Energy and power – root mean square values – average power and complex power – Optimizing power transfer – Insertion loss – Tellegan’s theorem.

References 1. M. E. Van Valkenburg, Network Analysis, Prentice Hall India, 3rd Edition, 2012. 2. Richard C. Dorf, James A Svoboda, Introduction to Electric Circuits, John Wiley & Sons Inc.,

UK, Edition; 2004) 3. Charles A Desoer, Ernest S Kuh, Basic Circuit Theory, McGraw Hill, 1969.

Learning outcomes

At the end of this course, students will be able to: Solve the network problems using mesh and node analysis. Form circuit equations and calculate the solutions mathematically. Study the output of different circuits with different electric energy storage elements such as

capacitor and inductor. Estimate the performance and output of an electric circuit with different combination of

electric energy storage devices under Sinusoidal steady state condition. Design an electric circuit using the different electric elements with different excitations

such as DC and AC.


SEMESTER I

Optics Lab PH5105 (0 – 0 - 3) 2 1. Interference based experiments

a. Mach Zehnder interferometer b. Febry Perot Interferometer

2. Diffraction based measurements a. Diffraction though various aperture and analysis of aperture functions b. Measurement of diameter of an optical fiber c. Measurement of groove size of CD and DVD

3. Polarization based experiments a. Measurement of Brewster angle and verification of Mauls Law b. Stokes parameter analysis

4. Laser beam parameter measurements a. Analysis of beam parameter of He-Ni Laser (Red and Green) b. Comparison of the characteristics of Gas laser and semiconductor lase

Studies on laser beam profile

Solid State Physics Lab PH5106 (0 – 0 - 3) 2 1. Determination of energy bandgap Eg. of a semiconductor, two probe method 2. Study of surface structures of specimens by trinocular Microscope method 3. Determination of Dielectric behavior of the sample, finding Ferro electric Curie

temperature 4. Temperature dependence on resistance and determination of energy gap, Eg by two

probe technique 5. Study of Thermoelectric behavior of semiconductor and ferrite samples 6. Determination of lattice constant of cubic crystals using X-ray film and comparator

method 7. Study of characteristics of magnetic core in the inductor-determining Curie temperature 8. Study of characteristics of Phototransistor 9. Preparation of crystals by pressing and sintering technique 10. Hall effect – Determination of the concentration of charge carriers 11. Determination of the Plank’s constant using photoelectric effect 12. Determination of velocity of ultrasound in liquid and compressibility of liquid

Networks Lab PH5107 (0 – 0 - 3) 2 List of experiments:

1. Familiarisation of network components - Equipments. 2. Verification of Kirchhoffs Laws: (i) Node Analysis and (ii) Mesh Analysis. 3. Response of RC circuit for step input and determination of time constant and

capacitance. 4. RC circuit as a filter. 5. Frequency response of RLC circuit. 6. Verification of Superposition theorem. 7. Verification of Maximum power transfer theorem. 8. Verification of Thevenin’s theorem. 9. Verification of Norton’s theorem. 10. To study the step response of second order circuits.


SEMESTER – II

Electromagnetic Theory PH5151 Core (4 – 0 – 0) 4 Course Objective: To get knowledge about Maxwell’s equations and their applications Syllabus: 1. Maxwell’s Equations: review of basic electromagnetic principles, deduction of Maxwell’s

equations, differential, integral and cylindrical coordinate form, boundary conditions. 2. Electromagnetic waves: propagation of plane electromagnetic wave in free space, wave

equation for conducting medium, conductors and dielectrics, polarization, directional cosines, reflection and refraction of plane waves, reflection at normal and oblique incidence, Fresnel’s equations, polarization by reflection, total internal reflection.

3. Pointing vector: pointing theorem and power flow, power loss in a plane conductor. 4. Guided waves: parallel plane wave guides, TE, TM waves, transmission properties of TE,

TM waves, voltage, current and power relations. Wave guides: rectangular wave guide, TE, TM waves, TE, TM waves in circular wave guides, attenuation factor and Q of wave guide, transmission line analogy.

5. Propagation in wave guides with dielectric medium, dielectric slab wave guide, optical fiber modes and configurations, mode theory for circular wave guides, single mode fibers, graded index fiber structure, propagation and modes in planar, channel and strip wave guides.

6. Inhomogeneous wave equation: Lineard-Wiechert potentials. Field of a uniformly moving charge.Fields of an accelerated charge, Radiation from a charge at low velocity.Radiation from a charge at linear motion and circular motion or orbit.Bremsstrahlung- Cerenkov radiation.

Reading: 1. M. A Hearld, JB Marion, Classical Electromagnetic Radiation, Dover books, 2012. 2. J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd Ed., Wiley, 2010 3. D. J. Griffiths , Introduction to Electrodynamics, 4th Ed., PHI, 2012 4. K. D. Prasad, Electromagnetic fields & waves, Satya Prakash Pub., 2001 5. E. C. Jordan, K.G. Bahmain, Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems, 2nd Ed., PHI, 2011.

Learning Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to

Summarize Maxwell’s Equations in Electromagnetic field theory

Interpret suitable boundary conditions for different media

Describe reflection, refraction, total internal reflection and polarisation of plane waves

Apply electromagnetic field concepts for wave guides and optical fibers


SEMESTER – II

Atomic and Molecular Physics PH5152 Core (4 – 0 – 0) 4

Course Objective: To develop key concepts in the topics of one-electron atoms, Helium atom, multi electron atoms, structure and spectra of molecules, atomic spectroscopy methods, excitations of atoms and molecules by electrons.

Syllabus: 1. Theory of atoms: Quantum states of electron in atoms – Hydrogen atom spectrum –

Electron spin – Stern-Gerlach experiment – Spin-orbit interaction – Two electron systems – LS-JJ coupling schemes – Fine structure – Spectroscopic terms and selection rules – Hyperfine structure - Exchange symmetry of wave functions – Pauli’s exclusion principle – Periodic table – Alkali type spectra – Equivalent electrons – Hund’s rule

2. Interaction of atoms with electric and magnetic field: Magnetic effects, Processional motion, Spin-orbit interaction, fine structure, Influence of external magnetic field: Zeeman and Paschen-back effects in one and two electron atom, g-factor.

3. Line width and broadening: General factors influencing spectral line widths (collisional, Doppler Heisenberg), transition probability, population of states, Beer- Lambert law

4. Orbital theory of molecules: Molecular orbital theory, shape of molecular orbitals, classification of States, spectrum of hydrogen molecules

5. Microwave and IR Spectroscopy : Rotational spectra of diatomic molecules – Effect of isotopic substitution – The non-rigid rotor - Rotational spectra of polyatomic molecules – Linear, symmetric top and asymmetric top molecules – Experimental techniques -- Vibrating diatomic molecule – Diatomic vibrating rotator – Linear and symmetric top molecules – Analysis by infrared techniques – Characteristic and group frequencies

6. Raman Spectroscopy and Electronic Spectroscopy of Molecules Raman spectroscopy: Raman effect -- Quantum theory of Raman effect – Rotational and vibrational Raman shifts of diatomic molecules – Selection rules. Electronic spectroscopy of molecules: Electronic spectra of diatomic molecules -- Born-Oppenheimer Approximation – The Franck Condon principle – Dissociation energy and dissociation products – Rotational fine structure of electronic vibration transitions

7. Resonance Spectroscopy NMR: Basic principles – Classical and quantum mechanical description – Bloch equations – Spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation times – Chemical shift and coupling constant -- Experimental methods – Single coil and double coil methods – High resolution methods. ESR: Basic principles – ESR spectrometer – nuclear interaction and hyperfine structure – relaxation effects – g-factor – Characteristics – Free radical studies and biological applications.

Reading: 1. H.E.White, Introduction to Atomic Spectra, McGraw Hill, 1934. 2. Svanberg Sune, Basic Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy- Basic Aspects and Practical

Applications, 4th Ed., Springer, 2004. 3. Robert Eisenberg and Robert Resnick, Quantum Physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei

and Particles, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 4. Colin N. Banwell and Elaine M. McCash, Fundamental of Molecular Spectroscopy, 4th Ed.,

McGraw Hill Education, 2004. 5. C.P. Slitcher, Principles of Magnetic Resonance, Springer Publications, 1994.


Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the course students should be able to:

Describe in oral and written form the observations in atomic and molecular physics

Motivate the necessity of using quantum mechanics calculations for describing atomic and molecular processes

Explain how quantum physics is seen in atomic and molecular physics experiments

Carry out numerical calculations for free atoms and molecules and their interactions with electric and magnetic fields


SEMESTER – II

Electronic Devices and Circuits PH5153 Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4

Course Objective: To provide the basic knowledge of PN junction and the physical behavior of semiconductor devices like BJT and FETs and electronic circuits using them.

Syllabus:

1. Basic semiconductor and PN junction theory: PN Junction – Barrier Voltage – Depletion region – Forward and Reverse Bias Shockleys Equation – Junction Current and Voltages –Diode Switching Times. Diode Characteristics – Parameters – Approximations – DC load line Analysis – Temperature Effects – Zener Diodes – Characteristics – Parameters. Tunnel Diode and Schottky Diode. Diode Applications – Half Wave, Full Wave, Bridge Rectifiers Filters – Power supply performance and Testing – Clipping and clamping Circuits – Voltage Multiplier Circuits. Voltage Regulator circuits.

2. Bipolar junction transistors: BJT Operation – Current Components – Amplification – Characteristics in CE, CB & CC Configurations. B J T Biasing – DC Load Line, Q Point – Fixed Bias – Collector to Base Bias, Voltage divider Bias – Circuit Analysis & Design – Comparison of Bias Circuits – Thermal Stability – More Bias Circuits . Analysis of B J T Circuits – DC and AC Load Lines – Transistor h Parameter Modelling – Analysis and Design of B J T Small Signal Amplifier Configurations using h- parameters (in CB, CE, CC), Comparison of CE, CB & CC Circuits.

3. Field efficient transistors: JFET – Construction – Working – Characteristics – Modelling, Small Signal Equivalent Circuit – MOSFETS – Enhancement and Deflection Modes of Operation. FET Biasing – Self Bias – Voltage Divider Bias – Analysis and Circuit Design – Use of Dual Power Supplies – Constant Current and Drain Feedback. AC Analysis of F E T Circuits – Common Source, Common Drain and Common Gate Circuits – Analysis & Design, Comparison of FET and BJT Circuits. Capacitor Coupled Two Stage Circuits – Direct Coupled Two Stage Circuits – BIFET Circuits –DC Feedback Pair – Small Signal High Frequency Amplifiers – Tuned Circuit Amplifiers. Frequency response of Amplifiers.

4. Feedback amplifiers and oscillators: Feedback Concept – Gain with Feedback – Effect of Feedback on the Basic Amplifier – Feedback Connection Types – Analysis and Circuit Design of Series Voltage Negative Feedback, Emitter Current Feedback, Parallel Current Negative Feedback.

5. Power amplifiers: Introduction – Class A – Power Amplifier – Power Calculation and Efficiency – Transformers Coupled Class – A Amplifier – Class AB, Class B, Class C and Class B Push Pull Power Amplifiers – Efficiency and Typical Design Examples – BJT Differential Power Amplifiers – MOSFET Power Amplifiers and IC Power Amplifiers.

6. Other semiconductor devices: Thyristors – SCR, Triac, Diac, UJT, PUT and their applications in Power Control


Reading: 1. David A Bell, Electronic Devices & Circuits, Oxford University Press, 2010. 2..Robert L Boylstad and Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory, Prentice Hall India

Pvt. Ltd, 2002. 3. Mill Man & Halkias , Electronic Devices & Circuits –– TMH, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill Education, 2010.

Learning Outcomes: After the completion of this course, the student will be able to

Understand the basic operation, working characteristics of various electronic devices

Be able to analyse and design biasing circuits for BJT and FET amplifiers

Model BJT and FET using the parameters

Design small signal amplifier using BJT and FET for given gain and frequency response

Analyse and design Feedback amplifiers and power amplifiers


SEMESTER – II

Signals and Systems: PH5154 Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4

Course Objective: To provide physical concepts and mathematical skills required to understand and analyse communication systems, control systems and signal processing.

1. Signals: Introduction, types of signals, continuous time and discrete time signals, Signal energy and power, Transforms of the Independent Variable, periodic signals ,Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals, unit impulse and unit step functions, even and odd signals, Continuous Time and Discrete Time Systems, Interconnection of Systems, Basic System Properties, basic mathematical operations on signals. Examples. 2. Linear Time Invarient Systems: Introduction, continuous, time and discrete, time systems, basic system properties, LTI systems, continuous, time LTI systems, convolution integral, discrete time LTI system, convolution sum, properties of LTI Systems , Causal LTI systems represented by differential and difference equations. Singularity Functions, Examples 3. Fourier series representation of periodic signals: Introduction, response of LTI Systems to complex exponentials, Fourier Series representation of CT periodic signals, Convergence of the Fourier Series, properties of CT Fourier series, Fourier series representation of DT periodic signals, properties of DT Fourier series, Fourier Series and LTI Systems. Filtering. 4. Continuous-time Fourier transform: Introduction, representation of aperiodic signals, continuous time Fourier transform, Convergence of Fourier Transforms, Fourier Transforms for Periodic Signals, Properties of CT Fourier transform. Frequency selective filtering, Systems characterised by LCCDE, Examples 5. Discrete-time Fourier transform: Introduction-Representation of aperiodic signals, discrete time Fourier transform, The convergence issues associated with DTFT, DTFT for periodic Signals, Properties of DT Fourier transform, Systems characterised by LCCDE, 6. Time and Frequency Characterization of Signals and Systems: Introduction ,The magnitude and Phase representation of the Fourier Transform, The magnitude and Phase representation of the Frequency Response of the LTI Systems, Time domain properties of Ideal Frequency Selective Filters, Time domain and Frequency Domain aspects of Nonideal Filters, First Order and Second Order Continuous Time Systems, First Order and Second Order Discrete Time Systems, Examples of Time-And Frequency Domain Analysis of Systems. 7. Sampling: Introduction, The Sampling Theorem, Impulse train Sampling, Sampling with Zero-Order Hold, Reconstruction of a signal from its samples using Interpolation, The effect of under sampling -Aliasing ,Discrete time processing of Continuous Time Signals- Sampling of Discrete Time Signals Reading: 1. Alan V. Oppenheim, Alan S.Willsky,S.Hamid Nawab, Signals and Systems , Second Edition, Pearson, 2016. 2. A Nagoor Kani, Signals and Systems, Tata McGraw Hill Education, 2010. 3. Hwei P. Hsu, Schaum's Outline of Signals and Systems, Third Edition, McGraw Hill, 1995.

Learning Outcomes: After completion of the course student will be able to,

Classify the signals in Continuous time and Discrete time, and understand the basic mathematical operations that can be performed on them

Understands the response of the LTI systems using convolution

Analyze the Time and Frequency Characterisation of Signals and Systems

Apply Fourier Analysis tools to solve problems involving LCCDE

Apply Sampling theorem for discrete processing of CT and DT Signals


SEMESTER – II

Problem Solving and Computer Programming PH5155 Core (4 – 0 - 0) 4 Course objective: To provide the computational skills needed to physics problems.

Syllabus:

1. Introduction: basic hardware, software, high level programming, problem solving, algorithm, program design, software life cycle, basics of C++ language, testing and debugging.

2. Procedural abstraction: top down design, abstraction, black box analogy, functions, parameter passing, overloaded function names, recursive functions, thinking recursively, objects and classes streams, basic file i/o inheritance, structures, classes, abstract data types, flow of control.

3. Arrays: arrays in functions, arrays and classes, string class, multidimensional arrays, pointers and dynamic arrays.

4. Data structures: ordered lists, stacks queues, abstract data types (ADT), implementation, applications.

5. Trees: binary trees, search tree ADT, tree traversals and applications of trees. Solving of problems involving differentiation, integration, solution of differential equations, computational methods for solution of Schrödinger equation, Car-Parrinello simulation, Monte Carlo simulation, finite difference calculus, interpolation and extrapolation, least squares curve fitting.

Reading: 1. Walter Savitch, Problem solving with C++, 9th Ed., Pearson, 2014. 2. Weiss, M.A., Data structures and algorithm analysis in C++, 2nd Ed., Addison-Wesley Publication, 1997. Learning Outcomes: After completion of this course, the students should ,

Able to specify, trace, and implement programs written in a contemporary programming language.

Able to write computer program for solving the specific problems of physics

Analyze and present the results of experimental data


SEMESTER – II

Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab PH5156 (0– 0 – 3) 2 1. Transistor, FET characteristics 2. RC coupled amplifier using BJT 3. Emitter follower 4. Common source amplifier 5. FW, Bridge rectifiers with C and Pi filters 6. Constant current source ramp generator 7. Source follower 8. Voltage-series feedback amplifier 9. Voltage-shunt feedback amplifier 10. Class-A power amplifier. 11. Voltage regulator with zener and series pass transistor

Computer Programming PH5157 (0– 0 – 3) 2

1. Familiarization of a computer and environment 2. Editing of documents in Unix environment, instructions for compilation and execution 3. Simple problems involving expression evaluation and conditional branching 4. Problems involving iterations and control structure 5. Top down design functions 6. Examples on use of recursion 7. Abstract data types 8. Use of arrays, pointers, Stacks, queues and expressions 9. Binary trees, operations on binary search trees.

10. Integration by Simpson Rule and trapezoidal Rule

11. Solution of differential equation using Runge-Kutta method

12. Matrix analysis by computational methods

13. Solution of Schrödinger equation by computational methods

14. Examples of Monte Carlo simulation

15. Interpolation and curve fitting

Signals and Systems Lab PH5158 (0– 0 – 3) 2 1. Introduction to Matlab Environment and commands 2. Generality and plotting elementary signals 3. Simple mathematical operations 4. Linear convolution 5. Solving differential and difference equations 6. Response of LTI system to basic signal 7. Plotting the spectrum of a signal 8. Auto correlation and cross correlation 9. Circular convolution

m.sc. (tech) engineering physics structure and syllabi · g. aruldhas, quantum mechanics, 2nd ed.,...

Documents