ms proposal evaluation of beef calf production system, for tizimin, yucatan mexico kotaro baba
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MS ProposalMS Proposal
Evaluation of beef calf production system, for Evaluation of beef calf production system, for Tizimin, Yucatan MexicoTizimin, Yucatan Mexico
Kotaro BabaKotaro Baba
Brief information about TiziminBrief information about Tizimin
Tizimin is located close to Merida, and Tizimin is located close to Merida, and CancunCancun
No rivers in this region No rivers in this region Hot and humid climateHot and humid climate Seasonal differencesSeasonal differences
The annual variation of temperature and precipitation in Yucatan ( Source Magaña, UADY)
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JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
temperture
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precipitation(mm)
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Cows in TiziminCows in Tizimin
Reproduction cowsReproduction cows
Large and Small Ranches Large and Small Ranches Mostly crossbreds of Mostly crossbreds of Bos taurasBos tauras and and Bos indicusBos indicus
FeedingFeeding
GrazingGrazing-Guinea grass (-Guinea grass (Panicum maximum)Panicum maximum)
--Brizantha Brizantha (Brachiaria brizantha) (Brachiaria brizantha)
--Star grassStar grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) (Cynodon plectostachyus)
--Taiwan grassTaiwan grass (Pennisetum purpureum) (Pennisetum purpureum)
Supplements for cows, especially in Supplements for cows, especially in the dry season and lactation stagethe dry season and lactation stage
-P-Poultry manureoultry manure -Molasses -Molasses -Commercial energy and protein -Commercial energy and protein
concentrates “Campi” “Engorda ganado”concentrates “Campi” “Engorda ganado”
IrrigationIrrigation
Pumps from under groundPumps from under ground
The cost of irrigation is expensive.The cost of irrigation is expensive.
The annual variation of temperature and precipitation in Yucatan ( Source Magaña, UADY)
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JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
temperture
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precipitation(mm)
temperture
precipitation
Forage growing cycle in Yucatan, (Source Magaña UADY)
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12month
DM/k
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a
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Problem StatementsProblem Statements
Nutrition, no grasses during the dry Nutrition, no grasses during the dry season. season.
Irrigation is expensive.Irrigation is expensive.
Improve beef productionImprove beef production
1.Nutrition concepts1.Nutrition concepts 2.Ranch management2.Ranch management 3.Enhancements in reproduction index3.Enhancements in reproduction index 4.Genetic selection4.Genetic selection Tedeschi, Fox, Baker(2003)Tedeschi, Fox, Baker(2003)
Nutrition, energy balance of Nutrition, energy balance of cowscows
Energy balance of cowsEnergy balance of cows Nutrition and energy balance are Nutrition and energy balance are
important to reproduction (Canfield important to reproduction (Canfield et al.,1990)et al.,1990)
Energy is the first limitation for Energy is the first limitation for productionproduction
Objectives of the thesisObjectives of the thesis
1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by 1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by month of matching of nutrient requirements of month of matching of nutrient requirements of cows and breeding heifers.cows and breeding heifers.
2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving 2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each month of the year.each month of the year.
Groups of seasons and cattleGroups of seasons and cattle
1.Seasons 1.Seasons
-first half of the rainy season-first half of the rainy season -second half of the rainy season-second half of the rainy season -cool windy season -cool windy season -dry season-dry season
2.Groups of animals2.Groups of animals -weaning calves-weaning calves -breeding heifers-breeding heifers -first and second calf cows-first and second calf cows -older cows-older cows
3.Physiological status of cows3.Physiological status of cows -Early lactation-Early lactation -Late lactation-Late lactation -Early dry cows-Early dry cows -Late dry cows-Late dry cows
The CVDSThe CVDS
Inputs requiredInputs required1.Estmates of ME (Metabolizable Energy) 1.Estmates of ME (Metabolizable Energy)
value of forage consumed each monthvalue of forage consumed each month
2.Description of cows that calve during each 2.Description of cows that calve during each of 12 months.of 12 months.
3.Input information3.Input information
-existing data, and assumption-existing data, and assumption
Objectives of the thesis Objectives of the thesis
2.To develop supplements for beef 2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each month of the year.cows calving each month of the year.
Supplements for cowsSupplements for cows
-Poultry manure-Poultry manure -Molasses -Molasses -Energy concentrates such as Sorghum and Corn-Energy concentrates such as Sorghum and Corn -Commercial energy and protein concentrates -Commercial energy and protein concentrates
“Campi” “Engorda ganado”“Campi” “Engorda ganado” - Commercial hay grass- Commercial hay grass - Urea- Urea -Legumes-Legumes
The CNCPSThe CNCPS
1.Inputs required1.Inputs required
-Environmental information-Environmental information
-Description of cows-Description of cows
-Forage chemical components information-Forage chemical components information
2. Input information2. Input information
Existing data and assumptionsExisting data and assumptions
Appropriate supplementation with the Appropriate supplementation with the CNCPS for each groupCNCPS for each group
1.Seasons 1.Seasons
-first half of the rainy season-first half of the rainy season -second half of the rainy season-second half of the rainy season -cool windy season -cool windy season -dry season-dry season
2.Groups of animals2.Groups of animals -weaning calves-weaning calves -breeding heifers-breeding heifers -first and second calf cows-first and second calf cows -older cows-older cows
3.Physiological status of cows3.Physiological status of cows -Early lactation-Early lactation -Late lactation-Late lactation -Early dry cows-Early dry cows -Late dry cows-Late dry cows
OutputsOutputs
1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by month 1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by month of matching of nutrient requirements of cows and of matching of nutrient requirements of cows and breeding heifers.breeding heifers.
2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each 2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each month of the year.month of the year.