m/s ashapura minechem ltd. - … minechem limited undertaking for owning eia & emp report to...

Final Environmental Impact Assessment &

Environmental Management Plan

(submitted to MOEF&CC for Environmental Appraisal As per EIA Notification 2006 & Amendments thereof)

Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine Production of 8.786 Lakh TPA of Bauxite; Mine Lease Area: 80.937 Ha

Kinanuru Village, Hosadurga Taluk, Kasargod District, Kerala

M/s Ashapura Minechem Ltd. 278, D. N. Road, Jeevan Udyog Building,

3rd Floor, Fort, Mumbai-400001 Phone: +91-22-66651700,

Fax: +91-22-22079395/4452 Email: [email protected]

Project Proponent

EIA Consultant

M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt Ltd (A Bureau Veritas Group Company)

Hyderabad - 500 018

September-2017

Project Proposal

Ashapura Minechem Ltd

Document Title: Final EIA/EMP for Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine DOC. No. : BALL/EN/HYB/ASHA/2013/046 Rev. 01

M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page i

Final EIA & EMP Report for Kinanuru Bauxite &

Aluminous Laterite Mine

Project Proposal: Bauxite Mining of 8.786 Lakh TPA. Mine Lease Area: 80.937 Ha


Document Reference : BALL/EN/HYB/2013/046 Revision: Final,Rev01, Dated 19.09.2017

Dr

Copyright Bureau Veritas India Pvt. Ltd.

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission of the

Publisher.

ASHAPURA MINECHEM LIMITED

Undertaking for Owning EIA & EMP Report

To Date; 21.09.2-17 The Director (Non Coal Mining), Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Government of India, Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Jor Bagh Road, New Delhi 110 003.

Respected Sir,

Sub : Undertaking Letter for Owning of EIA & EMP Report and other documents of Final EIA & EMP Report of Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine of M/s Ashapura Minechem Limited located in Kinanuru Village, Hosadurga Taluka, Kasargod District, Kerala State for production of 8.786 LTPA of Bauxite over an area of 80.937 ha.

Ref : MoEF Office Memorandum vide Ltr. No: J-11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 5th October, 2011

We, Ashapura Minechem Ltd, hereby undertake for owning the contents and information provided in the Final EIA & EMP report submitted for Environmental Clearance w.r.t. Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine of M/s Ashapura Minechem Limited located in Kinanuru Village, Hosadurga Taluka, Kasargod District, Kerala State for production of 8.786 LTPA of Bauxite over an area of 80.937 ha

Thanking you

Yours Sincerely

For M/s Ashapura Minechem Limited

Rajnikant Pajwani Whole Time Director & CEO

Regd. Office:

Jeevan Udyog Building, 3rd Floor, 278, D. N. Road, Fort, Mumbai - 400 001. (India) Tel. : +91-22 6665 1700 Email :[email protected] www.ashapura.com

CIN No. L14108MH1982PLCO26396

S

Contents



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page I

C O N T E N T S

Chapter No Title Page No

TOR & Its compliance TOR 1 - 16 Executive Summary ES i – ES x

Chapter – 1 Introduction 1 – 8 1.1 Identification of Project & Project Proponent 1

1.1.1 Project Proponent 1 1.1.2 Proposed Project 1

1.2 Address of the Project Proponent 2 1.3 Aim of the Project 2 1.4 Significance of the project 8 1.5 Status and Stage of Regulatory clearances 8

Chapter – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 9 – 20

2.1 Topography and Drainage Pattern 9 2.1.1 Topography 9 2.1.2 Drainage Pattern 9

2.2 Geology 9 2.2.1 Regional Geology 9 2.2.2 Local Geology 13

2.3 Exploration 14 2.3.1 Already carried out 14 2.3.2 Proposed Exploration 14

2.4 Reserves 14 2.4.1 Estimation of Reserves 15 2.4.2 Mineable Reserves 16

2.5 Mining 16 2.5.1 Method of Mining 16 2.5.2 Rated production and anticipated life of mine 17 2.5.3 Conceptual Mining Plan 17 2.5.4 Extent of Mechanisation 17

2.6 Solid waste generation and disposal 18 2.6.1 Solid Waste Generation 18 2.6.2 Solid Waste Disposal 18

2.7 Mine Drainage 18 2.8 Mineral Beneficiation 19 2.9 Use of Mineral 19

2.10 Site services 19 2.11 Employment potential 20 2.12 Water requirement 20

Chapter –3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 21- 50

3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 Climate and Meteorology 22 3.3 Ambient Air Quality 22 3.4 Noise Environment & Traffic Density 27

3.4.1 Ambient Noise Levels 27



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Chapter No Title Page No 3.4.2 Traffic Density 30

3.5 Water Environment 30 3.5.1 Surface water resources 30 3.5.2 Ground water resources 30 3.5.3 Water quality 31

3.6 Land Environment 37 3.6.1 Land use pattern of Mine Lease area 37 3.6.2 Land use pattern of study area 39

3.7 Soil Quality 39 3.8 Biological Environment 41

3.8.1 Forests 41 3.8.2 Flora 42 3.8.3 Fauna 42

3.9 Demography & Socioeconomic Environment 42 3.9.1 Methodology adopted for the Study 43 3.9.2 Demography 43 3.9.3 Status of Literacy in the Study Area 44 3.9.4 Status of Occupation 44 3.9.5 Status of Vulnerability Groups in the Study Area 45 3.9.6 Basic Amenities 45

3.10 Community Consultation 46 3.10.1 Objective of Community Consultation 46 3.10.2 Technique Used For Community Consultation 46 3.10.3 Facilities Available 48 3.10.4 Major Concerns of the Villagers 48 3.10.5 Expectations of the Villagers 48 3.10.6 Common Expectations 49 3.10.7 Socio - Economic Development 49

Chapter – 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND

MITIGATION MEASURES 51-70

4.1 Introduction 51

4.1.1 Identification of impacts 51 4.2 Ambient Air Quality 51

4.2.1 Impacts on Ambient Air Quality 51 4.2.2 Emission Details 54 4.2.3 Data Analysis of Predicted concentrations 55 4.2.4 Impact of the project on Local transport infrastructure 57 4.2.5 Proposed air pollution control measures 57 4.2.6 Proposed control measures for traffic density 57

4.3 Noise Environment & ground vibrations 58 4.3.1 Anticipated Impacts on noise levels 58 4.3.2 Proposed control measures for noise pollution 60 4.3.3 Noise, ground vibration and fly rocks due to blasting 60 4.3.4 Control measures for Ground vibrations, fly rocks and noise

due to blasting 61

4.4 Water Environment 62 4.4.1 Impacts on surface water resources 62 4.4.2 Impact on ground water 62 4.4.3 Impact on water quality 62



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Chapter No Title Page No 4.4.4 Proposed water pollution control measures 64 4.4.5 Proposed rainwater harvesting measures 64

4.5 Soil Quality 64 4.5.1 Impacts on soil quality 64 4.5.2 Soil Management 65

4.6 Land use pattern 65 4.6.1 Impacts on land use pattern 65 4.6.2 Reclamation and rehabilitation plan 66

4.7 Solid waste generation and disposal 66 4.8 Biological environment 66

4.8.1 Impact on biological environment 66 4.8.2 Proposed biological environment protection measures 67

4.9 Socio-economic environment 68 4.9.1 Anticipated impacts on socio-economy of the area 68 4.9.2 Measures for improvement in the socio-economic status 68 4.9.3 Measures for improvement in social infrastructure 68 4.9.4 Proposed socio-economic welfare measures 69

4.10 Occupational health and safety 69 4.10.1 Respiratory hazards 69 4.10.2 Noise 69 4.10.3 Physical hazards 70 4.10.4 Occupational health survey 70

Chapter – 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 71-72

5.1 Environmental Monitoring programme 71 5.2 Air quality monitoring 71 5.3 Noise level monitoring 71 5.4 Water quality monitoring 71 5.5 Soil quality assessment 71 5.6 Environmental Management cell 72

Chapter – 6 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 73-75

6.1 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management 73 6.1.1 Inundation 73 6.1.2 Pit slope and dump slope failure 73 6.1.3 Blasting 73 6.1.4 Surface fire 73 6.1.5 Loading 73 6.1.6 Heavy vehicles 74 6.1.7 Explosives 74 6.1.8 House keeping 74 6.1.9 Health hazard 74

6.2 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan 75

Chapter – 7 PROJECT BENEFITS 76-78 7.1 Project benefits 76 7.2 Improvement in physical infrastructure 76 7.3 Improvement in social infrastructure 76 7.4 Reaching out to the community 77

7.4.1 Action plan for maintenance of village roads 77



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Chapter No Title Page No 7.4.2 Vocational training to interested youth 77 7.4.3 Upliftment of scheduled caste/tribes and other weaker

sections of society 77

7.4.4 Need based assessment 78 7.5 Other intangible benefits 78

Chapter – 8 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 79-86

8.1 Environmental Management Plan – Introduction 79 8.2 Air quality management 79 8.3 Noise and ground vibration management 80

8.3.1 Noise pollution control 80 8.4 Traffic Management 80 8.5 Water quality assessment 80

8.5.1 Water pollution control measures 80 8.5.2 Water conservation plan 81

8.6 Solid waste management 81 8.7 Land reclamation 81 8.8 Ecological Environment Management Plan 82 8.9 Socio-Economic Conditions 83

8.9.1 Measures to Improve Socio-Economic Conditions 84 8.10 Occupational health & hygiene 84 8.11 Budget provision for EMP 85 8.12 Conclusion 86

Chapter – 9 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS 87-91



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page V

LIST OF TABLES Table No Title Page No

Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Khasra details of the Mine Lease area 1 1.2 Geographical coordinates of the mine lease area 2 1.3 Salient Features of the project 7

Chapter 2: Project Description

2.1 Bauxite Ore reserves 15 2.2 Aluminous laterite/Sub-grade Bauxite 15 2.3 Production & Waste Generation 16 2.4 Proposed Development and Production during Mining

Scheme Periods 17

2.5 List of Machinery to be deployed in Mine 17 2.6 Daily water requirement 20

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

3.1 Salient features of Baseline environmental studies 21 3.2 Summary of micro meteorological data 22 3.3 Coverage Factors for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Stations 23

3.4 Details of AAQ monitoring locations 25 3.5 Summary of Air quality results 27 3.6 Details of noise monitoring locations 28 3.7 Summary of Noise levels 28 3.8 Summary of Traffic Density 30 3.9 Surface water sampling location 31

3.10 Surface Water Quality 33 3.11 Ground water sampling locations 34 3.12 Ground Water Quality 35 3.13 Land use pattern of Mine Lease area 37 3.14 Land use pattern of study area 39 3.15 Soil sampling locations 39 3.16 Soil quality results 41 3.17 Major species found in the buffer zone include 42 3.18 Socio-Economic Details within the Study Area 43 3.19 Statuses of Literacy and Details 44 3.20 Status of Occupation in the Study Area 45 3.21 Vulnerability Groups 45 3.22 Problems & Expectations of the Local People of the Study

Area 46

Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts and

Mitigation Measures

4.1 Emissions due to production - Bauxite 54 4.2 Emissions due to Development: OB/Mineral Rejects 55 4.3 Haulage Emissions - Bauxite 55 4.4 Haulage Emissions – OB/Mineral Rejects 55 4.5 Overall predicted scenario 57 4.6 Noise Sources and their Noise Levels at Source 59



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page VI

Table No Title Page No 4.7 Estimated Peak Particle Velocity for different Explosive

Charges 61

4.8 Permissible Standards for Ground Vibrations 61 4.9 Silt Load Calculation 63

4.10 Total silt Load 63 4.11 Land use pattern 65 4.12 Summary of Impacts and Mitigation measures for Biological

Environment 67

Chapter 5 – Environmental Monitoring Program

5.1 Summary – Monitoring Programme 71

Chapter 8 – Environmental Management Plan 8.1 Phase-wise plantation programme 82 8.2 Types of Species Proposed for Revegetation 83 8.3 Details of Corporate Social Responsibility 84 8.4 Budgetary estimation for Environmental Management 86

LIST OF FIGURES Figure No Title Page No

Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Project Location Map 3 1.2 Study Area Map 4 1.3 Topo map of study area 5 1.4 Google map of study area 6


2.1 Surface plan of the mine lease area 10 2.2 Topographical map of the study 11 2.3 Drainage Map of the study 12

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

3.1 Windrose diagram 22 3.2 Map showing Air quality monitoring locations 26 3.3 Map showing Noise monitoring locations 29 3.4 Water Sampling Locations 32 3.5 Map showing Satellite Imagery based land use of the study

area 38

3.6 Map showing soil sampling locations 40 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts and

Mitigation Measures

4.1 Predicted isopleths for GLC of PM10 56 4.2 Noise Contours 59



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page VII

ANNEXURE ANNEXURE

NO.

TITLE Page Nos

I Air quality monitoring results A1 – A10

II Noise level monitoring results A11

III Noise Modelling Plot A12

IV Traffic Density A13 – A14

V Water Quality Reports from Lab A15 – A20

VI Soil Quality Reports from Lab A21

VII Land Use Pattern Study Report A22 – A41

VIII Village wise socio-economic details A42 – A48

IX EHS Policy A49

X Environmental Appraisal Questionnaire A50 – A73

XI PH Minutes A74 - A79

Terms of Reference by MoEF & Compliance


Document Title: Draft EIA/EMP for Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine

DOC. No. : BALL/EN/HYB/ASHA/2013/046

Rev. 01

M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] TOR Page- - 1 -

Terms of Reference issued by MoEF & CC




Rev. 01





Rev. 01


Extension of Validity of TOR Letter




Rev. 01





Rev. 01


TERMS OF REFERENCE & COMPLIANCE

S. No TOR Point Compliance

1 Year-wise production details since 1994 should be given, clearly stating the highest production achieved in any one year prior to 1994. It may also be categorically informed whether there had been any increase in production after the EIA Notification, 1994 came into force w.r.t. the highest production achieved prior to 1994.

The proposal is for New Mine and there was no production from this area

2 A copy of the document in support of the fact that the Proponent is the rightful lessee of the mine should be given.

Mining Lease Deed is yet to be executed. Mining Plan approval letter is enclosed as Annexure X of EIA & EMP report.

3 All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and public hearing should be compatible with one another in terms of the mine lease area, production levels, waste generation and its management and mining technology and should be in the name of the lessee.

Complied. Public hearing could not be completed due to public agitation. Report enclosed as Annexure

4 All corner coordinates of the mine lease area, superimposed on a High Resolution Imagery/toposheet should be provided. Such an Imagery of the proposed area should clearly show the land use and other ecological features of the study area (core and buffer zone).

Corner coordinates of the mine lease area superimposed on study area map Google map and topographical map is enclosed in EIA & EMP Report. Figure 1.2, 1.3 & 1.4 in Chapter 1 Page 4, 5 & 6

5 Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be spelt out in the EIA report with description of the prescribed operating process/procedures to bring into focus any infringement/deviation/violation of the environmental or forest norms/ conditions? The hierarchical system or administrative order of the Company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions may also be given. The system of reporting of non-compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the Company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large may also be detailed in the EIA report.

Company’s Environmental Policy is enclosed as Annexure IX of EIA document

6 Issues relating to Mine Safety, including subsidence study in case of underground mining and slope study in case of open cast mining, blasting study etc. should be detailed. The proposed safeguard measures in each case should also be provided.

Details of issues pertaining to mine safety slope study in case of open cast mining, blasting study etc and proposed safeguard measures




Rev. 01


S. No TOR Point Compliance are presented in Chapter 6 page 73 of EIA & EMP Report

7 The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the mine lease from lease periphery and the data contained in the EIA such as waste generation etc should be for the life of the mine / lease period.

The environmental study has been carried out in an area of 10 km all along the mine lease boundary. Data contained in EIA & EMP report w.r.t waste generation is considered for conceptual period

8 Land use of the study area delineating forest area, agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary, national park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human settlements and other ecological features should be indicated. Land use plan of the mine lease area should be prepared to encompass preoperational, operational and post operational phases and submitted. Impact, if any, of change of land use should be given.

Land use study has been carried out and Satellite imagery along with Land Use Land Cover Map is enclosed in EIA & EMP report Figure 3.5 in Chapter 3 Page 38.

9 Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps outside the mine lease, such as extent of land area, distance from mine lease, its land use, R&R issues, if any, should be given.

There is no proposal of any overburden dumps outside the mine lease area.

10 A Certificate from the Competent Authority in the State Forest Department should be provided, confirming the involvement of forest land, if any, in the project area. In the event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the State Forest Department along with the Regional Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of forests, based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for representative of the State Forest Department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committees.

The present proposal does not involve any forest land

11 Status of forestry clearance for the broken up area and virgin forestland involved in the Project including deposition of net present value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should also be furnished.

Not Applicable for this project

12 Implementation status of recognition of forest rights under the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated.

Not Applicable for this project

13 The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study area, with necessary details, should be given.

Details of vegetation in the study area are provided in chapter 3 page 41 of EIA & EMP Report.

14 A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact of the Mining Project on wildlife of the study area and details furnished. Impact of the project on the wildlife in the

Study has been carried out to ascertain impact of project on the local flora and fauna of the




Rev. 01


S. No TOR Point Compliance surrounding and any other protected area and accordingly detailed mitigative measures required, should be worked out with cost implications and submitted.

area and is presented in Chapter 4 Para 4.8, page 66. Detailed Mitigative measures are proposed in Environmental Management Plan Page No 82

15 Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant Reserves/(existing as well as proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine lease should be clearly indicated, supported by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, as may be applicable to such projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above, should be obtained from the State Wildlife Department/Chief Wildlife Warden under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and copy furnished

There are no National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wild Life Corridors, and Tiger / elephant reserves either existing or proposed within 10 km radius of the mine lease area.

16 A detailed biological study of the study area [core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be furnished based on such primary field survey, clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any scheduled-I fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost.

Detailed biological study of the study area [core zone and buffer zone has been carried out and incorporated in the report.

17 Proximity to Areas declared as ‘Critically Polluted’ or the Project areas likely to come under the ‘Aravali Range’, (attracting court restrictions for mining operations), should also be indicated and where so required, clearance certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be secured and furnished to the effect that the proposed mining activities could be considered.

Not applicable.

18 Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly authenticated by one of the authorized agencies demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone Management Authority).

Not applicable for this project

19 R&R Plan/compensation details for the Project Affected People (PAP) should be furnished. While preparing the R&R Plan, the relevant State/National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy should be kept in

There is no Resettlement & Rehabilitation involved in this project.




Rev. 01


S. No TOR Point Compliance view. In respect of SCs /STs and other weaker sections of the society in the study area, a need based sample survey, family-wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirements, and action programmes prepared and submitted accordingly, integrating the sectoral programmes of line departments of the State Government. It may be clearly brought out whether the village located in the mine lease area will be shifted or not. The issues relating to shifting of Village including their R&R and socio-economic aspects should be discussed in the report.

20 One season (non-monsoon) primary baseline data on ambient air quality (PM10, SO2 and NOx), water quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall be collected and the AAQ and other data so compiled presented date-wise in the EIA and EMP Report. Site-specific meteorological data should also be collected. The location of the monitoring stations should be such as to represent whole of the study area and justified keeping in view the pre-dominant downwind direction and location of sensitive receptors. There should be at least one monitoring station within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre-dominant downwind direction. The mineralogical composition of PM10, particularly for free silica, should be given

One season baseline data for summer 2014 has been collected and incorporated in the report.

21 Air quality modelling should be carried out for prediction of impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It should also take into account the impact of movement of vehicles for transportation of mineral. The details of the model used and input parameters used for modelling should be provided. The air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any, and the habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map.

Air modelling has been carried out to evaluate the impact of project using ISC –AERMOD View. The details are provided in EIA report Chapter 4 Page No 55

22 The water requirement for the Project, its availability and source should be furnished. A detailed water balance should also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the Project should be indicated.

Water Requirement of the project is provided in Chapter 2 Page 20

23 Necessary clearance from the Competent Authority for drawl of requisite quantity of water for the Project should be provided.

The water requirement is 25KLD and the area falls in safe category as per CGWB guidelines.

24 Description of water conservation measures proposed to be adopted in the Project should be given. Details of rainwater harvesting proposed in the Project, if any, should be provided.

Proposed rainwater Harvesting is provided in Chapter 4 Page no 64

25 Impact of the project on the water quality, both surface and groundwater should be assessed and necessary

Impacts on Water and its control measures are




Rev. 01


S. No TOR Point Compliance safeguard measures, if any required, should be provided.

provided in Chapter 4 Page No 61

26 Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown whether working will intersect groundwater. Necessary data and documentation in this regard may be provided. In case the working will intersect groundwater table, a detailed Hydro Geological Study should be undertaken and Report furnished. Necessary permission from Central Ground Water Authority for working below ground water and for pumping of ground water should also be obtained and copy furnished.

Ground water in the area is 15mbgl The mining activity will not intersect ground water table.

27 Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise, passing through the lease area and modification / diversion proposed, if any, and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought out.

No diversion of existing streams is done. Drainage map is provided in Chapter 2 page no 12

28 Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater table etc. Should be provided both in AMSL and bgl. A schematic diagram may also be provided for the same.

Site Elevation: 128 – 169m MSL Working Depth: 6 – 8 m from surface level Ground water table: 15m bgl from general ground elevation of 128m MSL in core zone and 6 – 10m bgl from general ground level of 92m MSL in buffer zone.

29 A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Development Plan shall be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and quantitative coverage, plant species and time frame) and submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have to be executed up front on commencement of the project.

Provided in Chapter 8 Page no. 82

30 Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be provided to the mine workers should be included in the EIA report

Details provided in chapter 2 para 2.10 page 19 of EIA & EMP report

31 Conceptual post mining land use and Reclamation and Restoration of mined out areas (with plans and with adequate number of sections) should be given in the EIA report.


32 A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Development Plan shall be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and quantitative coverage, plant species and time frame) and submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have to be executed up front on commencement of the project. Phase-wise plan of plantation and compensatory afforestation should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given.


33 Occupational Health impacts of the Project should be Provided in Chapter 4 Page




Rev. 01


S. No TOR Point Compliance anticipated and the proposed preventive measures spelt out in detail. Details of pre-placement medical examination and periodical medical examination schedules should be incorporated in the EMP

no. 70

34 Public health implications of the Project and related activities for the population in the impact zone should be systematically evaluated and the proposed remedial measures should be detailed along with budgetary allocation.

Provided in Chapter 6 para 6.1.9 Page no. 74

35 Measures of socio economic significance and influence to the local community proposed to be provided by the Project Proponent should be indicated. As far as possible, quantitative dimensions may be given with time frames for implementation.


36 Detailed environmental management plan to mitigate the environmental impacts which, should inter-alia include the impacts of change of land use, loss of agricultural and grazing land, if any, occupational health impacts besides other impacts specific to the proposed Project.


37 Public hearing points raised and commitment of the project proponent on the same along with time bound action plan to implement the same should be provided and also incorporated in the Final EIA / EMP Report of the Project

Public hearing could not be completed for the project. The report from the District Collector is Enclosed with the report.

38 Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction / order passed by any Court of Law against the project should be given.

There is no litigation against the project.

39 The cost of the project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should clearly be spelt out


Executive Summary



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] ES - i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 INTRODUCTION M/s Ashapura Minechem is a Limited Company registered under the Companies Act-1956 and is engaged in production of Calcined Alumina as well as in exporting of Metal grade and low grade Bauxite suitable for Cement industries. Ashapura Minechem is the flagship company of the ‘Ashapura Group’ and well known as India’s largest mine owner & exporter of Bentonite M/s Ashapura Minechem Ltd. has applied for ML in Kinanuru Village, Kasargod District, Kerala State. The lease was granted under sec 5(1) (6) of MM (D&R) Act–1957 vide approval letter no. 4/13/2006-M.IV dated 12.01.2007 Mining Plan is approved vide letter No.MP/KSD/Bx-180-SZ dated 27th July 2007. It is proposed to produce 8.786 Lakh TPA Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite from the proposed Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine at Kinanuru village. The mine lease area falls in Government Revenue Land. The Geographical co-ordinates of the mine lease area are given in following Table.

Sr. No. LATITUDE (N) LONGITUDE (E) 1 12o19’26.94” 75o14’25.40” 2 12o19’32.71” 75o14’36.35” 3 12o19’31.98” 75o14’53.36” 4 12o19’39.43” 75o14’49.37” 5 12o19’42.04” 75o15’15.75” 6 12o19’26.62” 75o14’59.92” 7 12o19’10.65” 75o14’55.02” 8 12o19’1.89” 75o14’36.29” 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Topography The mine lease area is located on the barren plateau and the elevation of the plateau within the mine lease area varies from 120-168 m above the MSL. Drainage The area receives heavy rainfall to the tune of 3500 to 4000 mm per annum. The mine lease area is mostly barren with laterite cover and is covered with grasses and some shrubs & trees. Monsoon run-off from the mine lease area flows along the slopes of the plateau and joins the seasonal streams flowing along the foot of the hillocks. Due to highly undulating topography and heavy annual rainfall, there are numerous seasonal streams in the study area of the project. Karyamkod Puzha / Tejaswini River flows at 4.9 km SW from the mine lease area and forms the major drainage of the area along with its tributaries namely Maloth Puzha (3.6 km E) and Perumbatta Puzha (5 km SE). The Karymkod river joins Arabian sea near



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] ES - ii

Mavilakadappuram. Madikal Puzha (0.5 km E) originates from seasonal streams flowing from the valleys around the mine lease area and flows west in the study area.

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Study Period: Summer 2014 Meteorology Parameters Data Maximum temperature (°C) 37.2 Minimum temperature (°C) 19.4 Maximum Relative Humidity (%) 80 Minimum Relative Humidity (%) 70 Predominant wind direction WNW 3.1 Ambient Air Quality Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at one location in the mine lease area and 9 locations in the nearby villages. The summary of Ambient Air Quality monitoring results are given below.

Summary of Ambient Air Quality (Units: µg/m3 except CO mg/m3)

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO

Core Zone 36 12 8 13 0.30

Buffer Zone 35-51 14-18 8-12 11-17 0.29-0.65

NAAQ Standard for residential area Annual Average / 24 Hrs

100 60 80 80 2

3.2 Noise Level A preliminary survey was undertaken at 10 locations i.e. one location in mine lease area and 9 locations in buffer zone during study period, to identify the major noise generating sources in the area. Summary of noise level data of different locations are given below.

Summary of Noise Levels during Study Period [Units:dB(A)] N-1 N-2 N-3 N-4 N-5 N-6 N-7 N-8 N-9 N-10

Ld 49.6 50.7 54.8 48.8 52.4 54.9 53.4 54.7 48.8 51.2 Ln 44.0 44.9 44.9 43.9 44.1 44.9 46.2 43.5 43.9 44.1

Standard 70-75

45-55

45-55

45-55

45-55

45-55

45-55

45-55

45-55

45-55

3.3 Water Quality There are natural water courses seasonal in nature which drains the water of the mine lease area. There is no perennial surface water source in the mine lease area. Two surface water and nine ground water samples were collected from the study area and tested to know the water quality of study area. Summary of the water quality test results are given below.



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Summary of Water Quality Test Results S.

No. Parameter Unit Surface

Water Ground Water

Desirable limits as per IS: 10500

1 pH - 6.9 – 7.2 6.2-8.3 6.5 – 8.5 2 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 38-42800 16-156 500 3 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 20-6000 6-100 300 4 Chloride as Cl mg/l 15-24089 5.8-14 250 5 Iron as Fe mg/l <0.001-0.10 <0.01-0.04 0.3 6 Fluoride as F mg/l <0.1 – 1.0 <0.1-0.3 1.0 7 Turbidity NTU 10-30 1-14 5 Perusal of the above table shows that physio-chemical characteristic of the samples analyzed were well within the desirable limits of the prescribed drinking water standards IS:10500 3.4 Land Environment At present the area is virgin and it is Govt revenue non forest waste land. The area is in the form of mound and the top of deposit is in the form of plateau and there is no activity in the area.

Present Land use of ML area

Land use in the Study area



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3.5 Soil Quality Soil samples were collected from 4 locations from the core and buffer zone to evaluate the soil quality in the study area. All the samples are showing moderately fertile nature. Soil quality of study area shows the following observation:

The pH in the soil samples are in the range of 5.47-6.52. All the samples having average concentration of Electrical Conductivity and

Organic Carbon. Soil texture of the study area is predominantly Silty Clay and Sandy Loam. Concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are under better, medium

and very less category as per standard soil classification Over all it is observed that the soil of this region are suitable for agriculture.

3.6 Biological Environment Forests: The mine lease area consists of Govt. Non Forest Revenue Waste land. There is no forest land in the mine lease area. Kinanuru R.F. and Malothu R.F. are located in the study area west and north direction respectively. There is no National Park and Wild Life Sanctuary within the study area. Flora: The ML area is in non-forest revenue wasteland and natural vegetation observed in the area Fauna: The forests in the study area are heavily grazed all along the periphery and exploited for collection of fuel and minor forest produces. Frequently found wild animals within the study area are Spotted Deer, Sambhar and Wild Boars. Squirrels and mongoose are also seen in this area. A variety of snakes and lizards along with frogs can be seen in the study area. Several types of avifauna are found in the forests on the hill slopes, including Egret, Pigeon, Dove, Koel, Sparrow, Myna, etc. Aquatic species like Carp, Rohu, Katla, Kalbasu, etc. were observed in the surface water ponds and perennial streams. However there are no endemic or endangered species of animals in the study are 3.7 Socio-Economic Environment The socio-economic status (Based on Census 2011) of the villages within the study area is given in table below:

Table: Socio-economic details of the villages in study area

Description Numbers

Demography Total Villages 15

Total no. of House Hold 38253

Total Population 155319

Total Male Population 74951

Total Female Population 80368 Total ST Population 22154

Total Sc Population 1661

Literacy Level

Total Literate Population 123474



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Description Numbers

Demography

Employment Pattern

Cultivators 3465

Agricultural Labour 6802 House Hold Workers 704

Other Workers 36677

Total Main Workers 47648

Total Marginal Workers 14648

Total Non Workers 93023

Infrastructure Facilities*

Water facilities*

Tap 9 River 1 (5 Villages)

Well 15 Canal 1

Tank 11 Lake 0

Tube Well 11 Spring 4

Hand Pump 12 Others

P & T Facilities

Post Office 36 Post & Telegraph Office 3

Telegraph Office 2 Telephone Connection 3940

Power Supply* Available in 15 villages

Medical Facilities*

Maternity & Child Welfare Center

17 Family Welfare Center 23

Public Health Center 7

Education Facilities

Primary School 79 College 2

Middle School 31

4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Ambient Air Quality Impact on Ambient Air Quality Based on ISC-AERMOD model the maximum increase in ground level concentrations of PM during peak operation of mining will be about 14.91µg/m3 within ML area and <1µg/m3 within study area. The resultant quality of air will be within permissible limits.



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Air Pollution Control Measures S.No. Dust Source Control measure

1 Haul Road -Compaction, gradation and drainage on both sides. -Proper maintenance. -Regular water spraying.

2 Truck Movement

-No overloading of trucks. -Trucks to be covered with tarpaulin while transporting ore. -Enforcing speed limit.

3 Mine pit -Regular water sprinkling in working areas.

4. Plantation -Native species of the area proposed for the plantation. -Fast growing tree species are proposed for plantation along mine lease boundary, on backfilled area and road sides.

4.2 Noise Level Impact on Noise Levels Noise will be generated due to working of HEMM, drilling and blasting activities, mineral and waste transport, etc. It is estimated that on the existing road, additional traffic load will be about 36 trips per hour by each truck. The anticipated noise levels at ML boundary from nearest pit boundary will be less than 50dB (A), which is less than the prescribed limits for industrial area. Control Measure of Noise Pollution Noise levels will be kept within acceptable limits by:

Maintenance of green belt all around the working areas Regular maintenance and tuning of mine machinery Provision of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) to the personnel who are

exposed continuously to the high noise zone/ operation area Display of sign boards at high noise generation zones Limiting the speed of haulage vehicles / tippers Use of mufflers, silencers in vehicular exhausts Carrying out the mining and mineral transport activities during day time only.

4.3 Water Environment

Impact on Water Environment

Total water requirement in mine is 25m3/day. There is no process effluent generation from the mine, hence contamination of

surface and ground water quality is not possible. Excavation for bauxite mining will be upto a maximum of 8 m depth and it will

not intersect the ground water table. Siltation of the surface water bodies may take place in monsoon due to soil

washed away from mine working area with surface run-off.

Water Conservation Measure To conserve the water following measures are adopted :

Garland drains provided along the mine lease boundary will be diverted in settling tanks provided within the mine lease for settling and the accumulated water will be used for recharging the ground water.



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Sufficient numbers of check dams, gully checks, silt traps, etc will be provided at strategic locations to control pollution of the seasonal streams.

Domestic sewage effluent will be discharged in septic tank and soak pit system. Percolation tanks will be constructed in second and third order streams outside

the mine lease area on porous and permeable formations. To overcome the silt deposition within the structure, a recharge shaft will be provided to allow continuous seepage of water from percolation tank to ground water system of the area.

4.4 Land Environment Impact on Land use and it’s Management About 90% of the ML area will be disturbed by mining and its related activities. The changed land use will be restored back through backfilling and afforestation. Backfilled area will be again restored to agricultural land as it was before mining. At the conceptual stage, complete mine lease area will be covered with agriculture and plantation. 4.5 Biological Environment Impact on Flora & Fauna There is no forest land involved in the mine lease. No impact is envisaged on the Kinanuru Reserve Forest, located about 4 km from the mine lease. The mining operations are restricted within the mine lease and no impact is envisaged on the flora and fauna outside the mine lease area. Reclamation and rehabilitation The mined out area will be backfilled and reclaimed with dense poly-culture plantation using the local species.. Thus the project will enrich the bio-diversity and contribute to the improvement of the eco system of the region. 4.6 Socio- Economic environment Impact on Socio-Economy The following benefits to the people residing in the area:

Increase in demand of services includes hotels, lodges, public transport (including taxis), etc.

Economic upliftment of the area. Direct and indirect employment

5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME Monitoring of ambient air quality, ambient noise levels, surface and ground water quality, soil quality, plantation and green belt in the mine lease area, etc. will be carried out as per the applicable guidelines and the reports will be submitted to the corresponding regulating authorities. An Environment Management Cell will be formed for implementation of the monitoring programme and the environmental management plan.



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6.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 6.1 Risk Assessment Any mining industry is subjected to various risks like inundation, surface fire, explosion, pit slope failure, dust from drilling and other operations, noise, accidents during loading of material, accidents due to heavy vehicles, etc based on the type of mining activity and the location of the project. . A site specific risk assessment has been carried out and a suitable Disaster Management Plan is put in place 6.2 Social Impact Assessment & R & R Action Plans The proposed bauxite mine will bring about socio-economic improvement in the nearby villages by way of direct and indirect employment opportunities, provision of medical and recreational facilities, drinking water, vocational training to women, educational facilities, communication facilities, etc. There is no R & R involved in this project. 7.0 PROJECT BENEFITS The people residing in the nearby villages will get following benefits

Direct and indirect employment opportunities

Drinking water, Medical and educational facilities

Improved communication and infrastructure facilities

Vocational training to women

Compensation for loss of land / house The state Govt. will receive additional revenue through royalty, sales tax, cess etc. and Central Government through income tax and valuable foreign exchange through the export of the aluminium produced from the mineral. 8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.1 Air Quality Management

Use of drilling and blasting only for hard formations

Plantation along mine lease boundary and backfilled area

Practise of wet drilling, water sprinkling on haulage roads and working face

Provision of dust masks to workers working in dust prone areas

Plantation along mineral transport roads in the nearby villages. 8.2 Control of Noise & Ground Vibration

Regular maintenance of transport vehicles.

Over-speeding of the trucks will not be permitted.

Restricting drilling and blasting only for hard formations

Practise of Control blasting technique to control noise and ground vibrations.

Thick plantation along the mine lease boundary and on the backfilled area.



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8.3 Water Pollution Control Measures

Provision of garland drains along the mine lease boundary and diversion of all the garland drains to settling ponds in the mine lease area.

Use of accumulated surface run-off from the settling ponds for ground wate recharge.

Discharge of domestic sewage in septic tank and soak pit system.

Construction of check dams, gully checks, retaining walls, etc at strategic locations to avoid siltation of the seasonal streams.

8.4 Control of Land degradation

All the area disturbed due to mining activities will be reclaimed and rehabilitated by backfilling and afforestation.

Top soil from the mine lease area will be stored separately and will be used to spread on backfilled area for plantation.

The soil and OB/mine waste will be simultaneously backfilled in the excavated quarry. The area has been suitably selected, as it will not interfere with mining activities in future.

No external dumping will be done. Simultaneous backfilling will be done in the excavated area.

Backfilled area will be restored for agricultural use. 8.5 Biological Environment Afforestation Afforestation is a major thrust area in pollution control of mining. Afforestation is suitable for detecting, recognizing and reducing air pollution effects. Trees function as sinks of air pollutants, besides their bio-aesthetical values, owing to its large surface area. The green belt supplements oxygen to the atmosphere and combat air pollution effectively. It not only improves the aesthetic beauty and landscape resulting in harmonizing and amalgamating the physical structures of the mines with surrounding environment, but also acts as pollution sink as indicated above. Thus afforestation is of paramount importance. It also checks soil erosion, make the ecosystem more complex and functionally stable and make the climate more conductive. Following factors will be taken into account while selecting species for plantation:

Fast growing plant species will be preferred. The plant will be of deep rooting system The plant will be perennially green to improve the aesthetic beauty of he

area. The plant species will be adoptable to the local climatic condition. Native plant species will be planted.

8.6 Socio-Economic Benefits The people residing in the nearby villages will get following benefits

Direct and indirect employment opportunities

Drinking water, Medical and educational facilities

Improved communication and infrastructure facilities

Vocational training to women

Compensation for loss of land / house



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8.7 Occupational Health and Safety Occupational safety of the workers in mining area will be achieved by the following:

All the workers will be provided with Personal Protective Equipments of standard make and type.

Proper ear plugs and ear muffs will be provided to mine workers in high noise are to protect hem from noise hazards.

Blasting time will be fixed between 12 to 1 noon and displayed. People will be cautioned 30 minutes before the blasting so that, they can go into the blasting shelter or far away from the blasting zone/danger zone.

For minimizing the adverse impact of dust, the mine workers working in the dust area will be provided dust masks for their occupational safety.

All the workers will be trained to follow safe practices through periodic vocational training.

8.8 Budget for Environmental Protection A budgetary provision has been made for implementation of all the environmental protection measures in a time bound manner. A provision of Rs. 75.00 Lakh as capital expenditure and Rs. 49.50 Lakh as recurring expenses per annum for implementation of the Environmental Management Plan has been made. 9.0 Disclosure of Consultants Engaged M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Private Limited 7-2-C14, Industrial Estate, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad 500 018 10. CONCLUSION The mining activities in Kinanuru Bauxite Mine of Ashapura Mine Chem Limited will lead to the sustainable development of the nearby areas. There will be development of educational, medical and infrastructural facilities in the area. The mining and allied activities will provide direct and secondary employment opportunities for local people. This will lead to the improvement of economic status of the nearby villages. The mining will also benefit the state by way of excise duty and revenue on mineral. During the active mining period, the pollution will be controlled within permissible limits by way of adopting various control and mitigation measures. In the post mining stage, the mine lease area will be developed into an afforested area and agricultural area. This will improve the aesthetics of the area. Thus, the mining activities will be congenial with the environment and economy of the area.

Chapter 1: Introduction



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page i

Final EIA & EMP Report for Kinanuru Bauxite &

Aluminous Laterite Mine

Project Proposal: Bauxite Mining of 8.786 Lakh TPA. Mine Lease Area: 80.937 Ha


Document Reference : BALL/EN/HYB/2013/046 Revision: Final,Rev01, Dated 19.09.2017

Dr

Copyright Bureau Veritas India Pvt. Ltd.

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission of the

Publisher.



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page ii

REVIEW AND REVISION HISTORY

History of revisions of the present report:

Rev Date Modifications

00, Draft 21.10.2014 First issue

01, Final 19.09.2017 Final EIA for MoEFCC Submission without any modifications as public hearing could not be completed

Table I: History of the Revisions

Document No.BALLEN2011055 /HSR, Rev. 01 Final

REV. 01 FINAL 19.09.2017 Submission to

MoEF & CC M.V.Raghavacharyulu Sandhya K E.Shyam Sundar

REV. 00A DRAFT 21.10.2014 Submission to

Kerala, SPCB for Public Hearing

M.V.Raghavacharyulu Sandhya K E.Shyam Sundar

REV DATE DESCRIPTION Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by



M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad [A Bureau Veritas Group Company] Page 1

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT AND PROJECT 1.1.1 Project Proponent M/s Ashapura Minechem is a Limited Company registered under the Companies Act-1956 and is engaged in production of Calcined Alumina as well as in exporting of Metal grade and low grade Bauxite suitable for Cement industries. Ashapura Minechem is the flagship company of the ‘Ashapura Group’ and well known as India’s largest mine owner & exporter of Bentonite. It is among the top five global producers of bentonite with over 45 million tons of quality sodium and calcium bentonite reserves across the country. It has four decades of processing bentonite complemented by indigenous R&D, global technology and superior shipping & port infrastructure. The company has activation, milling and processing plants in several locations in India. It has a wholly owned subsidiary and office in the UAE. Since 1998, Ashapura Minechem diversified into bauxite. Today it has large bauxite reserves. Ashapura has now mastered the art of producing value-added bentonite and bauxite based products for diverse applications, which in turn result in higher realization. To ensure sustained growth, the company’s strategy is to add new minerals and value-added products to its portfolio and move closer to its global customers. Today, the company has interests in Antwerp, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Malaysia. 1.1.2 Proposed Project M/s Ashapura Minechem Ltd. has applied for ML in Kinanuru Village, Kasargod District, Kerala State. The lease was granted under sec 5(1) (6) of MM (D&R) Act–1957 vide approval letter no. 4/13/2006-M.IV dated 12.01.2007 Mining Plan is approved vide letter No.MP/KSD/Bx-180-SZ dated 27th July 2007. It is proposed to produce 8.786 Lakh TPA Bauxite & Aluminus Laterite from the proposed Bauxite & Aluminus Laterite Mine at Kinanuru village. The mine lease area falls in Government Revenue Land. The Khasara details of the ML area are given in Table 1.1. The geographical co-ordinates of the mine lease area are given in Table 1.2.

Table 1.1: Khasara details of the Mine Lease Area

District & State

Taluka Village Survey No./Gat

No.

Original Area (Ha)

Owner/ Occupancy

Kasargod, Kerala

Hosadurga Kinanuru 198 (Part) 80.937 Ha Govt. Revenue Land

Total 80.937 Ha




Table 1.2: Geographical Co-ordinates of the Mine Lease Area Sr. No. LATITUDE (N) LONGITUDE (E)

1 12o19’26.94” 75o14’25.40” 2 12o19’32.71” 75o14’36.35” 3 12o19’31.98” 75o14’53.36” 4 12o19’39.43” 75o14’49.37” 5 12o19’42.04” 75o15’15.75” 6 12o19’26.62” 75o14’59.92” 7 12o19’10.65” 75o14’55.02” 8 12o19’1.89” 75o14’36.29”

Accessibility: The mine lease area is connected by a PWD road from Nileshwar town via Chayoth & kinanuru villages. The mine lease area is located about 20 km from the Nileshwar Town. Nileshwar Railway station (15 km) on Shoranur – Mangalore broad gauge line is the nearest railway station from the mine lease area. Nearest airport is located at Mangalore city in Karnataka at 100 km from the mine lease area. The project location is given in Figure 1.1. The Study Area map is given in Figure 1.2. Topographical map of the study area is given in Figure 1.3 and Google map of the study area is given in Figure 1.4. 1.2 ADDRESS OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT Contact Person: SHRI. RAJNIKANT B. PAJWANI

Vice President (Resources Development) M/s Ashapura Minechem Ltd. 278, D. N. Road, Jeevan Udyog Building, 3rd Floor, Fort, Mumbai-400001 Phone: +91-22-66651700, Fax: +91-22-22079395/4452 Email: [email protected]

1.3 AIM OF THE PROJECT M/s Ashapura Minechem Ltd. intends to mine 8.786 Lakh tonnes per annum of Bauxite and Aluminous Laterite from the proposed mine. M/s Ashapura Minechem Ltd. appointed M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad to carry out the environmental studies and to prepare the EIA/EMP Report for the project. Baseline environmental study has been carried out during summer 2014 (March – May 2014) in an area of 10 Km radius around the mine lease as per the Terms of Reference (TOR) issued by MoEF vide Letter No. J-11015/278/2013-IA.II(M) dated 12th November 2013. Since the Public hearing could not be completed M/s Ashapura Minechem approached MoEF & CC for extension of validity of TOR. The same was considered in October 2015 and extension in validity of TOR was granted upto 11.11.2016 vide lr no . J-11015/278/2013-IA.II(M) dated 30th November 2015. Further extension of Validity of TOR was sought considering the delay in Public hearing. Honourable MoEF & CC considered the proposal in meeting held in October 2016 and extended the validity of TOR upto 11.11.2017 vide lr no J-11015/278/2013-IA.II(M) dated 15th December 2016. The salient features of the project are given in Table 1.3.




Figure 1.1 : Project Location Map




Figure 1.2 : Study Area Map




Figure 1.3 : Topographical map of study area




Figure 1.4 : Google map of study area




Table 1.3 : Salient Features of the Project

Details of the Area Village Kinanuru Taluk Hosadurga District Kasaragod State Kerala Mine Lease Area 80.937 Ha Type of Land Government Revenue Land Category ‘A’ Survey Numbers Sy. No. 198(Part) Toposheet No 48P/3, 48P/7 Accessibility Details of Project Site Nearest Village Melancheri (Adjacent W) Nearest Town Nileshwar (20 Km SW) Nearest Railway Station Nileshwar Railway Station (17 Km ) Nearest Airport Mangalore Airport (100 Km)

Roads ,Nearest National Highway, Mine lease area is connected by a PWD road from Nileshwar via Chayoth village.

General Climatic Conditions Mean Maximum Temperature 29.2 to 33.4 °C Mean Minimum Temperature 19.7 to 25.8 °C Normal Annual Rainfall (mm) 3500 mm Details of the Proposed Project

Method of Mining Mechanized opencast mining with hydraulic excavators, DTH drilling and blasting.

Mineable Reserves 56.92 Lakh tonnes Production 8.786 Lakh tonnes per annum bauxite & aluminus laterite Life of Mine 25 years Water Requirement 25 KLD No. of employees 55 persons Project cost Rs. 2.0 Crores Environmental Sensitivity Project Site (within 10 Km radius) Archaeological/Historical/Ancient Monuments/ interstate boundary within 10 km area

None within the 10 km radius study area

Other Mines in study area There is a working Bauxite Mine at about 5 km SW of the proposed mine lease area.

Nearest Water Bodies Karymkod Puzha (4.9 km SW) Madikal Puzha (0.5 km E) Maloth Puzha (3.6 km E) Perumbatta Puzha ( 5 km SE) Perumbatta Chal (5.2 km SE) Due to highly undulating topography, there are number of seasonal streams in the 10 km radius study area.

Names and distance of the national park, sanctuary Biosphere reserve, Tiger Reserve, Elephant reserve, Forest (RF/PF/Unclassified)

ML area falls in Govt. Revenue Land. Malothu R.F. : 6 km N Kinanuru R.F.: 2.5 km E Akkacheri Eler R.F.: 7 km SE

Seismicity The mine lease area falls in Seismic Zone III (Moderate Risk Zone).




1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT The Bauxite mined out will be consumed Aluminium and calcinated Alumina by producing industries as well as refractory based industries. The aluminus laterite is used in the cement manufacturing industries. It is observed from the chemical composition of the Bauxite available in the area is acceptable to Aluminium manufacturing as well as suitable for calcinated alumina industries. Thus, the proposed project would contribute to the overall economic development of the region. The proposed project will develop direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local people. The state will benefit through the revenue on mineral produced from the project. The project proponent will carry out various socio-economic development activities in the nearby villages thereby improving the socio-economic status of the population residing in the nearby villages. 1.5 STATUS & STAGE OF REGULATORY CLEARANCES Regulatory Clearance Status Forest Clearance Not applicable

IBM Approved Mining Plan vide letter No.MP/KSD/Bx-180-SZ dated 27th July 2007

Terms of Reference by MoEF Letter No. J-11015/278/2013-IA.II(M) dated 12th November 2013

Environmental Baseline Data Summer 2014

Public Consultation The public hearing could not be completed due to local agitations the details of public hearing minutes are submitted as Annexure.

Environmental Clearance This report is being submitted for obtaining environmental clearance.


Document Title: Draft EIA/EMP for Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine DOC. No. : BALL/EN/HYB/ASHA/2013/046 Rev. 01


CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE PATTERN 2.1.1 Topography The blanket of laterite forms barren plateau area and is located at Kinanuru village, East of Nileshwar town. There is a small plateau which is trending east-west for 1.5km and average width of 0.85 km. The mine lease area is located on this plateau and the elevation of the plateau within the mine lease area varies from 120-168 m above the MSL. There are few scarp sections along the plateau’s southern and southeastern fringe. The plateau extends from NW-SE direction. The area experiences humid tropical climate and receives as much as about 3500-4000mm of rainfall during the year. The slopes of the hill are covered with shrubs. The plateau is having a radial drainage system with the consequent erosion of the streams and small nallahs. Bauxite enrichment is normally seen along the scarp sections of the plateau and also along the nallah cuttings. Subsequent denudation and erosion carried on after the process of bauxitization is very helpful to discover bauxite occurrence below laterite and soil overburden. Surface plan of the mine lease area is given in Figure 2.1. The study area is highly undulating and consists of a number of hillocks. The elevation of the study area varies from 10 m AMSL along Karyamkod Puzha to 576m AMSL at Malothu R.F. The land in study area is mostly under agriculture and horticulture use. There are two reserve forests namely Maloth R.F. and Kinanuru R.F. within the study area of the project. Topographical map of the study area showing the topographical features within 10 km radius area around the mine lease is given in Figure 2.2. 2.1.2 Drainage Pattern The proposed mine lease area consists of a plateau with elevation of 120m to 168 m AMSL. The area receives heavy rainfall to the tune of 3500 to 4000 mm per annum. The mine lease area is mostly barren with laterite cover and is covered with grasses and some shrubs. Surface run-off from the mine lease area flows along the slopes of the plateau and some water cut channels and joins the seasonal streams flowing along the foot of the hillocks. Due to highly undulating topography and heavy annual rainfall, there are numerous seasonal streams in the study area of the project. Karyamkod Puzha / Tejaswini River flows at 4.9 km SW from the mine lease area and forms the major drainage of the area along with its tributaries namely Maloth Puzha (3.6 km E) and Perumbatta Puzha (5 km SE). The Karymkod river joins Arabian sea near Mavilakadappuram. Madikal Puzha (0.5 km E) originates from seasonal streams flowing from the valleys around the mine lease area and flows west in the study area. Drainage map of the study area is given in Figure 2.3. 2.2 GEOLOGY 2.2.1 Regional Geology The bauxite in Kasargod District is located in highly lateritised parent rock composed of charnokite & gneiss. The laterite profile shows distinct zonation with a ferrecrete varying in thickness ranging from 0.10 to 0.50 m. The ferrecrete forms a hard crust which grades into highly aluminous bauxite zone having a thickness varying from 0.50m to 6.00m. The bauxite is hard and concretionary which grade into lithomargic clays at a depth of about 6 m.




Figure 2.1 : Surface plan of the mine lease area




Figure 2.2 : Topographical map of the study




Figure 2.2 : Drainage Map of the study




A sequence of lava flows capped by laterite constitutes the geological formation in the area. The laterite capping contains bauxite zones with lithomargic clays at the base of the laterite profile. The lava flows which are almost horizontal are generally massive Development of bauxite is conspicuous in these plateau and outcrops are visible in the area. Laterite with Bauxite Horizon: Overlying the trap occurs laterite, which varies in thickness from 0.5 to 1.5 m. The laterite is highly porous rock and it shows gradation from ferruginous to aluminous type. The laterite is a rock of sub-aerial formation, reddish brown in color and vesicular in texture. It is a peculiar complex product of weathering of the trap rocks in hot and moist climate. The Bauxite along the cliff varies from cement grey to purple in colour, the pale variety being predominant. Ferruginous patches are found as elongated irregular bands or spots in the bauxite. Some voids are also seen, which are filled with ferruginous clayey material. Yellow or reddish clayey material is also seen in small patches. The bauxite is massive and varies from medium hard to soft. At places, it appears like clay. The grade of the bauxite exposed along the cliffs is generally high. Alluvium, Sand, etc., Due to hilly terrain conspicuous spread of alluvium is not seen in the area except in valleys. A fairly thick unit of calcareous sand with numerous shell fragments is noticed along the sea-coast. This formation supports at places famous betal nuts and coconuts gardens in the area. The bauxite deposit occurs both as insitu deposit on the plateau top and in the form of float concentration on the slopes. The Bauxite deposit in the area is of blanket type and mostly covered with laterite capping. The thickness of bauxite varies between 3 to 5 m in the area as observed in the slopes and in scarp sections. Various pit section, scarp sections and mining faces show the following generalized profile. 1) Soil : Red or yellowish, thick mantle, mostly absent. 2) Laterite: with Redish yellow, porous, semi-compact bauxite boulders with low grade

bauxite boulders. 3) Aluminous Laterite: Red and white strips, patchy, hard and compact. 4) Bauxite: Massive, compact to semi-compact, soft, white, purplish, grayish, cement colour,

pisolitic at places. 5) Clayey Bauxite : Soft, earthy, white and pinkish white plastic. 6) Lithomargic : Grey, yellowish, purplish, soft, plastic clay impervious, siliceous and rarely

laminated 7) Charnokite & gneiss: Hard, compact, greenish grey in color, vesicular at places. 2.2.2 Local Geology The above generalized profile is not visible in any slope section. The Bauxite deposits in the area occur in the ferruginous or aluminous laterite. Thickness of bauxite ore is varying and averages about 6m. The deposit is extending from eastern end to western end. It is observed that, very often an impressive thickness of bauxite converse by outcrops which to be of minor thickness may develop into thick and massive lenticels of bauxite. The grade of bauxite varies from 40 to 50% Al2O3. The controlling factors for selective enrichment and development of bauxite are not yet fully known and the mode of origin of laterite and bauxite is not yet completely understood. The bauxite occurring is found to be hard and earthy in appearance. Physical Properties of Bauxite: Color: The color of the bauxite mainly depends on its chemical composition and the dominant colors of it are grey and light pinkish – yellowish, dirty white. It becomes almost white with decreasing iron content. Purplish-shades appear to be due more titanium content.




Surface: The exposed outcrops of the insitu bauxite have a very rough and pitted surface. Bauxite ore has often a vesicular and scoraceous surface, developed due to differential weathering, erosion and recementation. Texture: It has a fine grained and comparatively compact texture when it is insitu. The float ore has a cellular and porous texture. Piolitic texture is generally developed near the surface. Specific gravity: The specific gravity mainly varies with porosite, water content, mineralogical and chemical composition. It generally varies from 2.0 to 2.1. Hardness: The average hardness of bauxite occurring in the area is around 3 in Mohr’s scale of hardness. Geological plan and cross section of the mine lease area is given in Figure 2.3 and Figure 2.4 respectively. 2.3 EXPLORATION 2.3.1 Already Carried Out GSI has explored the area during 1968-74 and Kerala Mineral Exploration & Development Project during 1989 and after the detailed investigations, they have mentioned that bauxite bearing laterite occurs in the region and about 7.5 million tonnes of borehole indicated reserve of medium grade bauxite and about 28 million tonnes of low grade geological reserves may be expected from Nileshwar area. The geological exploration has the reference in GSI publication & Kerala Mineral Exploration & Development Project namely Geology of a part of Evaluation of Bauxite Deposits of Kasargod District - Kerala March 1990. Samples collected from the area was analysed and it is found to be of good grade. The chemical analysis of samples in general reveals that the Al2O3 is generally 30% to 50% and the silica content from 5% to 20%. The samples collected from the outcrops were analyzed found to be of good grade. Two trial pits were also dug during the field studies carried out by the Technical team comprising of Geologists & Mining Engineers of the Company and were found that the thickness of the bauxite deposit is about 6 m. The freshly dug open well situated at the boundary of the lease gives the detailed geological sequence of the deposit and shows the mineralization of upto 6 m depth of bauxite. The same is now considered for estimation of reserves. 2.3.2 Proposed Exploration The GSI Report and the geological studies carried out by the Company by way of trial pits & open well in the lease adjacent area gives enough indication of reserve in proved and probable category for commencing mining operation in the area. It is proposed to drill 5 boreholes surrounding the already proved Bauxite zone during the first Plan period & then 5 more during the Conceptual Plan period i.e. after the present Plan. The proposed boreholes will be dug to depth upto the bottom of bauxite bed. 2.4 RESERVES During the geological exploration, it is confirmed that existence of bauxite has been proved upto 6m in the lease area and estimation of reserves has been made upto thickness of 6m on average in the area and categorized as Proved Geological reserves. Following points are considered while estimating the geological reserves:




1) The area is in the form of mound shape and almost flat at the top and undulating in the surroundings. But top of the deposit is in the form of plateau. The whole of the area is considered mineralized and due to this it is considered as a single block. The area has been calculated by cross section method and reserves has been estimated. The geological reserves has been estimated for 6m thickness for proved category.

2) The Bulk density of Bauxite is considered 2.0 tonnes per m3. 3) As the present information available the average thickness of the Bauxite bed is

considered to 6m in proved category for estimation of geological reserves. The bauxite may continue beyond that depth which is yet to be explored.

4) GSI has calculated the reserve by graphical method and upto average thickness of 6.0m considering Geological reserves for the entire region.

2.4.1 Estimation of Reserves In the proposed area exploration has been carried out and there are some pits which exhibit clear nature of the Bauxite deposit as well as it is continuing beyond that depth also in some pits. As the deposit is proved by digging trial pits, the reserve is estimated by calculating the actual area of mineralization and the depth persistence. Hence, it is categorized in proved category. The estimation of geological reserves of Bauxite deposit is given in Table 2.1 & Table 2.2.

Table 2.1: Bauxite Reserve Estimation in Kinanuru Mine

Cross sectional Area, m2

Influence, m

Volume, m3

Bulk Density

Recovery of Bauxite

Bauxite, Tonnes

Internal Waste, Tonnes (10%)

AA’ 4980 100 4,98,000 2 90% 8,96,400 99,600 BB’ 5400 100 5,40,000 2 90% 9,72,000 1,08,000 CC’ 5700 100 5,70,000 2 90% 10,26,000 1,14,000 DD’ 5700 100 5,70,000 2 90% 10,26,000 1,14,000 EE’ 2200 100 2,22,000 2 90% 3,99,600 44,400 FF’ 3420 100 3,42,000 2 90% 6,15,600 68,400 GG’ 4200 100 4,20,000 2 90% 7,56,000 84,000 391,653 332,403

Source: Mining Plan The reserves thus estimated are 56.92 lakh tonnes of bauxite. Proved Reserves (UNFC Classification: 111): 56.92 Lakh Tonnes

Table 2.2: Reserves of Aluminous Lateritic Overburden

Sections Sectional area, m2 Influence, m Volume, m3 Bulk Density OB/Waste,

Tonnes

AA' 1660 100 166000 2 3,32,000

BB' 1800 100 180000 2 3,60,000

CC' 1900 100 190000 2 3,80,000

DD' 1900 100 190000 2 3,80,000

EE' 740 100 74000 2 1,48,000

FF' 1140 100 114000 2 2,28,000

GG' 1400 100 140000 2 2,80,000

Total 21,08,000 Source: Mining Plan




2.4.2 Mineable reserves Mineable reserves are estimated after considering the proved reserves, ultimate pit limits and the mineral locked in barriers. But it is found that the whole reserve is mineable. It is observed from the existing details in the region that recovery of the ore is around 90%. The balance is considered as mining losses which attributes to 10% including the reserves getting blocked in the buffer zone of 7.5 m. Hence 56.92 lakh tonne is considered as mineable reserves. 2.5 MINING 2.5.1 Method of Mining The deposit is mostly covered with laterite. The overburden (aluminous Laterite) thickness is about 2.0m. Bauxite mining in the subject lease area is proposed to be carried out by mechanized method of mining using machineries with DTH drilling & blasting. Considering various technical parameters like surface topography, quality variations, geo-technical aspects, required rate of production & available resources etc., this deposit will be worked keeping 6 m bench height and width more than height and with an ultimate pit slope of 45°. The gradient of the roads will be kept 1 in 16. For the purpose of blending and conservation of minerals 3-4 faces will be in operation at any time 3-4 different pits to maintain the flow of required grade of ROM. The deposit will be opened in such fashion so that systematic development of the deposit will be carried out in future. The overburden aluminous Laterite generated during mining will be stacked near to the lease boundaries and then backfilling of the same will be carried out from the 3rd year onwards. The aluminous laterite will be stacked separately and suitable studies for beneficiation & future use will be made. Maximum depth of the workings is not likely to exceed 7 m and is not likely to cause any slope stability problems. However to provide for adequate safety, an ultimate pit slope angle of 45° on the inner sidewalls of the pits will be maintained. In order to control the erosion of material from the mined out pits, a clear barrier of 7.5 m will be maintained all along the periphery of the mine lease area. The year-wise production is prepared considering the present requirement of export and calcinated Alumina producing industries which is the major consumer and other associated industries. The proposed production program during the conceptual mining plan period is given in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: Production & Waste Generation Conceptual Period Production (T) Mineral rejects (T) Development (T)

6-10th year 513000 57000 194000 11-15th year 756000 84000 284000 15-20th year 878400 97600 376000

Source: Mining Plan Drilling and Blasting Drilling: Drilling will be carried out by compressed air operated DTH and blasting slurry ANFo explosives delay detonators etc.




The overburden comprises of laterite capping and it is soft in nature. It does not require any drilling and blasting. It can be removed by digging or scrapping. Bauxite is medium hard and it does not require drilling and blasting and can be handled by Hydraulic excavators. Types of explosive used: The Bauxite is medium hard as such light charges of special gelatine with detonators will be used for breaking the rock formation. Initiation of charge will be with delay detonators. Controlled blasting will be carried out to minimize fly rocks, ground vibration and noise generation. Storage of explosives: The requirement of special gelatin will be about 40kg/day of special gelatine along with 160 No.s/day of detonators. A 100 kg portable magazine along with detonator box will be deployed for storage of high explosives. 2.5.2 Rated Production and Anticipated Life of Mine Total bauxite reserves in the mine lease area are estimated at 56.92 Lakh tonnes. Considering the maximum rated production of 5.58 Lakh TPA during the mining plan period and 8.786 Lakh TPA beyond the mining plan period, the mine life is estimated at about 25 years. 2.5.3 Conceptual Mining Plan Mine workings will be continued after five years planning till the end of the lease period. It is proposed to produce about 5,00,000 tonnes during the plan period. During first conceptual plan period i.e. 6th year to 10th year, 5,13,000 tonnes of Bauxite and 1,94,000 tonnes waste will be handled. Similarly during 11th to 15th year, 7,56,000 tonnes bauxite & 2,84,000 tonnes waste and during 16th to 20th year, 8,78,400 tonnes bauxite & 376000 tonnes waste will be generated. Reclamation of the mined out pit will be carried out by afforestation on the overburden dumps and the two benches will be suitably sloped as there will be only one face at the end of the Conceptual Plan touching the western limits of the deposit. The mined out floor area will be afforested. Dumps for waste and mineral rejects are proposed in the SE part lease area near to the lease boundary. Afforestation along the lease boundary, along the roads on dumps will be done. Successive advancement of the pits, afforestation programme and other reclamation measures are shown in Conceptual plan given in Figure 2.5. The lateral and vertical extents of the proposed workings are shown in conceptual section given in Figure 2.6. Table 2.4: Proposed Development and Production during Mining Scheme Periods Conceptual Period Production (T) Mineral rejects (T) Development (T) 6-10th year 513000 57000 194000 11-15th year 756000 84000 284000 15-20th year 878400 97600 376000

Source: Mining Plan 2.5.4 Extent of Mechanization The mining will be carried out by mechanized opencast method of mining. The machinery to be deployed for smooth operation of the mine is given in Table 2.5.

Table 2.5: List of Machinery to be deployed in Mine

Type No.s Size/capacity Make Motive power

HP

Shovel 2 1.0 m3

(EX 100LCH) Tata Hitachi Diesel 220 PS@

2000 RPM Wheel Loader 1 1.5-3.0m3 tilt dump Tata TWL Diesel 136 PS @




Type No.s Size/capacity Make Motive power

HP

& 3.0m3 bottom dump

3036 2400 RPM

DTH 4 32 mm dia - Compressed air

-

Tippers 3 10 tonne Tata Diesel 130 Water Tanker 2 5000 litre Tata - - 2.6 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL 2.6.1 Solid Waste Generation Top soil: The plateau top is barren wasteland. There is no top soil. Entire mine lease area is covered with laterite capping. If at all any top soil is encountered during mining, the same will be separately removed and will be directly used for plantation. Overburden / Mineral Rejects: The thickness of overburden is around 2.0m in the area. About 10% of the ROM bauxite will be comprise of intercalated mineral rejects. The fragmented bauxite will be sorted and screened and –10mm screened bauxite ore will be considered as reject which will have no use and not acceptable to industry. This is proposed to be stacked separately. Sub Grade Mineral: There will not be any generation of sub-grade mineral during mine operation. 2.6.2 Solid Waste Disposal Selection of Dumping Site Dumping site for overburden will be in the barrier zone of the lease boundary. The dumping site will be located in south eastern side of the lease boundary in first five years of mining operation. As per the suggestions of IBM, since the entire area is found to be mineralized, the overburden aluminous laterite which will be dumped, will be backfilled in the exhausted mine pits from 3rd year onwards. Maximum Height & Spread of Dumps The dumps will be located around the lease boundary leaving the safety barrier and the slope, spread and height of the dumps will not be more than 10m and slope maintained around 28-30 degrees. The space required for dumping of about 3,50,000m3 of overburden and waste and with these parameters the area of the waste dump required is 3.60 Ha during the mining plan period and at the end of the conceptual period 9.5 Hectares along the lease boundary. 2.7 MINE DRAINAGE The area receives heavy rainfall to the tune of 3500 to 4000 mm per annum. The rainwater flows along the slopes of the plateau and through some water cut channels and joins the seasonal streams down the valley outside the lease area. There is no perennial surface water body in or adjacent to the mine lease area. The proposed mine lease area is situated on elevated plateau and the area is in mound shape. The area is elevated from the surrounding by 150m and there is as such no water sources in the




area from which inherent seepage of water occur. As the area is in elevated ground, it does not require any specific drainage pattern. Rainwater from the mining area will be collected in the mine pits through a network of garland drains and will be used for dust suppression and plantation. Part of the accumulated water will be percolated to ground thereby improving the ground water table in the area. No pumps or other means are required for any drainage. Check dams, gully checks, etc will be constructed in the water cut channels located in the mine lease area at strategic locations to arrest silt wash off from the mining area. Retaining walls, garland drains and settling ponds will be provided around the surface dumps to arrest silt wash off from dumps. The ultimate depth of the mine is expected to be 6 to 7 m below ground level and the ground water table in the area is estimated at about 50 m below ground level. Hence, the mining activities will remain above the ground water table. 2.8 MINERAL BENEFICIATION There is no proposal of any mineral beneficiation or processing in the mine lease area. The mined out Bauxite will be sorted and screened and +10 mm fraction will be directly dispatched to the customers. The -10 mm fraction will be considered as rejects as these have no use and not accepted in the industry. 2.9 USE OF MINERAL The Bauxite mined out will be consumed Aluminium and calcinated Alumina by producing industries as well as refractory based industries norms for various applications has been indicated and its parameters has been specified which are as follows: Specifications for Aluminum & Alumina making Industry: Al2O3 … 45%(Min) SiO2 … 4% (Max) LOI … 30% (Max) Size … 10mm to 100mm General Composition of the Bauxite in the Area: Al2O3 … 45%-55% SiO2 … 2%-4% (Max) LOI … 28%-30% (Max) It is observed from the chemical composition of the Bauxite available in the area is acceptable to Aluminium manufacturing as well as suitable for calcinated alumina industries. 2.10 SITE SERVICES The following amenities / facilities will be provided at site:

1. Mine office 2. Maintenance workshop 3. Rest shelter 4. Drinking water facilities 5. Urinals/latrines 6. First aid station 7. Portable explosive magazine 8. Store room 9. Any other facility as per the requirement




2.11 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL Total manpower required for the proposed Bauxite and Aluminus Laterite mine is 55 persons. The break-up of the manpower is given below Mines manager : 1 Mining Engineer : 1 Geologist : 1 Mechanical Engineer : 1 Mining Mate : 2 Supervisor : 3 Skilled workers : 8 Unskilled workers : 38 Total : 55 persons Apart from these, the mine will also generate secondary employment opportunities for about 150 persons in contractual works and service sectors like mineral transport, hotels, garages, etc. 2.12 WATER REQUIREMENT The daily water requirement for proposed Bauxite & Aluminus Laterite mine is given in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6: Daily Water Requirement Sr. No. Purpose Quantity (m3/day)

1 Dust suppression 20.0 2 Plantation 3.0 3 Drinking and Domestic Use 2.0 Total 25.0 The water will be sourced by tanker from nearby villages in the initial period of mining. Later, the rainwater accumulated in mine pits will be used for dust suppression and plantation to the extent possible.

Chapter 3: Baseline Description of Environment




CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 INTRODUCTION Baseline environmental status in and around the project area depicts the existing environmental conditions of air, noise, water, soil, biological and socio-economic environment. The baseline environmental status of the area surrounding mining area of Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine for various environmental attributes has been studied for the core zone and buffer zone of the mine. The mine lease area was considered as the ‘core zone’ and area outside the mine lease within 10 km radius from the mine boundary was considered as the ‘buffer zone’ for the baseline environmental monitoring. The Core zone and Buffer zone together forms the study area of the project. Baseline data was collected during the Summer 2014 (March to May 2014) for various environmental attributes so as to assess the impacts due to the developmental activity. The study has been conducted in accordance with the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) guidelines applicable pertaining to IS – 5182 (Part-14), 1985 and the analysis results are given in Annexure I. The scope of the baseline studies includes detailed characterization of various environmental components, which are most likely to be influenced by proposed capacity enhancement. The Environmental attributes and frequency of monitoring is given in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 : Salient Features of Baseline Environmental Studies

Parameter Study Inference

Micrometeorological Studies

Wind Profile, Temperature, Relative humidity, Rainfall, cloud cover etc.

To assess the potential targets of pollution from the activity

Air Quality Data Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Hydrocarbons (HC) Carbon Monoxide (CO)

To assess baseline air quality status of the area

Noise Quality Studies

Noise Levels To identify present noise levels and noise generating sources

Water Quality, Soil Quality Studies and land use

Physical, Chemical, and Heavy Metals & Land Use Studies

To identify baseline water quality, Soil quality for future reference and land use pattern in the area

Biological Environment

Study of flora & fauna To identify the existing flora & fauna for the possible impacts on them due to mining.

Socio-economic & Demographic studies

Socio-economy and demography To know the socio-economic status of the study area.




3.2 CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY The study area enjoys a typical tropical climate with distinct summer, rainy and winter seasons. Micrometeorological data within the project area was monitored through an automatic weather monitoring station set up at mine site during Summer 2014 (March to May 2014). Wind speed, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity were recorded in the met-station and parameters like cloud cover and rainfall were recorded by visual observations and rain gauge respectively. Hourly average, maximum and minimum values were recorded continuously for 24 hours duration is given in Table 3.2. The data generated is computed to obtain wind roses of the area. The plotted wind rose diagram representing 16 directions is depicted in Figure 3.1.

Table 3.2: Summary of micro meteorological data (Summer March to May 2014) Sl. No. Parameters Data

1 Maximum temperature (°C) 37.2 2 Minimum temperature (°C) 19.4 3 Maximum Relative Humidity (%) 80 4 Minimum Relative Humidity (%) 70 5 Predominant wind direction From WNW

Figure 3.1 : Wind Rose Diagram

3.3 Ambient Air Quality Scenario of the existing Ambient Air Quality in the study area of 10 km radius around mine site has been assessed through a network of 10 Ambient Air Quality locations. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program was based on the following considerations.

Topography / Terrain of the study area Human Settlements Wind pattern Representation of Regional Background levels Accessibility of monitoring site




Pre-calibrated R.D. Samplers have been used for monitoring the existing AAQ status. Maximum, Minimum, Average and Percentile values have been computed from the raw data collected at all individual sampling stations to represent the Ambient Air Quality Status. The significant parameters viz., Particulate Matter 10 (PM10), Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Hydrocarbons (HC) and Carbon monoxide (CO) were monitored in the core and buffer zones. Criteria for site selection of ambient air quality monitoring stations The number of ambient air quality monitoring stations to be put up for generating the baseline data and for further monitoring is arrived at using the model suggested by USEPA (1975b). The model suggests that the minimum number of stations should be four. However, the exact number has to be arrived at by knowing the wind rose (wind blowing directions and their respective frequencies) at site and the distances of the residential and sensitive areas from the project site in the buffer zone. This model suggested by Houghland and Stephens, 1976 (Ref. The Design of Air Quality Monitoring Network,” R.E. Munn, 1981) is simple and reliable. It suggests setting up of monitoring stations at those locations where the probability of occurrence of maximum GLCs (Ground Level Concentrations) is high. The probability factor was found by determining the ‘Coverage Factor (Ajk)’ for residential locations around the proposed site, which are liable to be affected by pollutants. Coverage Factors ‘Ajk’ for all the potential locations were calculated by the following formula. Ajk = Freq. (k)/ (1+Dj) Where, Ajk = Coverage factor of monitoring station in the ‘k’th downwind Sector from source. Freq. (k) = Frequency of wind direction in the ‘k’th sector Dj = Distance from the station to the source in km. Sixteen probable monitoring stations were selected all around the project site with due consideration to the wind direction and the distance from the site. For each of these stations coverage factor ‘Ajk’ was calculated and presented in Table 3.3. The stations which gave higher Ajk values were taken as monitoring stations.

Table 3.3: Coverage Factors for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

S. No.

Monitoring stations

Distance in (Dj)

kms

Direction w.r.t. mine

Frequency k %

Ajk AAQM

Ranking

1 Varanjuru 0.9 WNW 20 10.526 1 2 Melancheri 0.5 W 15 10.000 2 3 Berilkkulam 0.6 NE 0 0.000 3 4 Peringattadam 1.8 W 15 5.357 4 5 Muppu 2.9 WNW 20 5.128 5 6 Vengacheri 3.1 WNW 20 4.878 6 7 Plattadam 1.1 NE 9 4.286 7 8 Eralal 3.8 WNW 20 4.167 8 9 Pollanivalli 2.8 W 15 3.947 9 10 Kayamukunnu 3.1 W 15 3.659 10 11 Banam 2.3 NW 12 3.636 11




S. No.

Monitoring stations

Distance in (Dj)

kms


Frequency k %

Ajk AAQM

Ranking

12 Anappetti 3.2 W 15 3.571 12 13 Cheralath 4.9 WNW 20 3.390 13 14 Teranakallu 5 WNW 20 3.333 14 15 Kalichanadukam 3.8 W 15 3.125 15 16 Ldoyakkam 4.1 W 15 2.941 16 17 Mulapara 3.4 NW 12 2.727 17 18 Alattadi 5 W 15 2.500 18 19 Nambalarkochi 3.8 NW 12 2.500 19 20 Klinippara 4.1 NW 12 2.353 20 21 Ochilakaunnu 4.3 NW 12 2.264 21 22 Manuru 4.8 NW 12 2.069 22 23 Vallichitta 4.9 NW 12 2.034 23 24 Edatodu 4.9 NW 12 2.034 24 25 Attakakandam 5 NW 12 2.000 25 26 Panittadam 3.6 NE 0 0.000 27 Vadakam Kannu 3.8 NE 0 0.000 28 Erachitta 4.9 NE 0 0.000 29 Kottamadal 1.8 ENE 0 0.000 30 Pilachikara 4 E 2 0.400 30 31 Kakkodu 3.1 SW 2 0.488 26 32 Puttukkunnu 3.2 SW 2 0.476 27 33 Nelliyatukam 3.2 SW 2 0.476 28 34 Valuru 3.9 SW 2 0.408 29 35 Talayadukkam 4 SW 2 0.400 31 36 Parakkol 4.5 SW 2 0.364 32 37 Mine Lease Area 0 - 0.000 - 38 Vellarikundhu 0.9 N 0 0.000 - 39 Kolamkulam 1.1 ESE 0 0.000 - 40 Mayyanganam 1 ESE 0 0.000 - 41 Periyanganam 2.4 ESE 0 0.000 - 42 Puliyankulam 1.3 N 0 0.000 - 43 Belur 2.2 N 0 0.000 - 44 Parakkadavu 3.2 N 0 0.000 - 45 Pattalam 4.1 N 0 0.000 - 46 Parappa 4.7 N 0 0.000 - 47 Nellivara 2.3 NNE 0 0.000 - 48 Karattu 3.1 NNE 0 0.000 - 49 kanakapalli 4.8 NNE 0 0.000 - 50 Bhimanadi 3.8 ESE 0 0.000 - 51 Mangod 5 ESE 0 0.000 - 52 Kalikadevu 3.3 SE 0 0.000 - 53 Kurumcheri 3 SE 0 0.000 - 54 Chennadukam 4.3 SE 0 0.000 - 55 Pankayam 3.2 SE 0 0.000 - 56 Kunnumkai 3.9 SE 0 0.000 - 57 Perumbattachal 4.8 SSE 0 0.000 - 58 Ponnadukkam 1.8 S 0 0.000 - 59 Kumbalapalli 2.1 S 0 0.000 - 60 Mutukuty 3.1 S 0 0.000 -




S. No.

Monitoring stations

Distance in (Dj)

kms


Frequency k %

Ajk AAQM

Ranking

61 Kozhithatta 3.3 S 0 0.000 - 62 Kalichamaram 3.4 S 0 0.000 - 63 Mukkada 3.8 S 0 0.000 - 64 Kundyam 4.3 S 0 0.000 - 65 Peringara 4.8 S 0 0.000 - 66 Andol 5 S 0 0.000 - 67 Kayanji 4.5 S 0 0.000 - 68 Omacheri 3.8 S 0 0.000 - 69 Chennata 3.3 S 0 0.000 - 70 Aralam 3 S 0 0.000 - 71 Melkarajam 2.2 S 0 0.000 - 72 Parayal 2.8 SSW 0 0.000 - 73 Karalam 3 SSW 0 0.000 - 74 Karintalam 3.1 SSW 0 0.000 - 75 Toleni 3.2 SSW 0 0.000 - 76 Mayyil 4.8 SSW 0 0.000 - 77 Kikanam 4.9 SSW 0 0.000 - 78 Kinanuru 4 WSW 0 0.000 - 79 Vattakallu 1.9 WSW 0 0.000 - 80 Katipoyil 2 WSW 0 0.000 - 81 Chal 0.5 WSW 0 0.000 - 82 Chamakuzhi 3.9 WSW 0 0.000 - 83 Polottu 4.8 WSW 0 0.000 - 84 Mundiyanam 3.9 N 0 0.000 - Apart from the mine lease area, nine other stations were chosen as the ambient air quality monitoring stations based on AAQM ranking. The ambient air quality sampling locations are given in Table 3.4 and are shown in Figure 3.2.

Table 3.4 : Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Sl. No. Location Direction

w.r.t Mines Distance w.r.t

Mines (km) Direction w.r.t

Windrose Core Zone

A-1 Mine Lease Area -- -- Buffer Zone

A-2 Varanjuru WNW 1.5 Upwind A-3 Ettupottipada WNW 7.6 Upwind A-4 Chal N 0.5 Crosswind A-5 Attakadu NE 7.9 Crosswind A-6 Kamadam ESE 8.1 Downwind A-7 Mayyanganam ESE 1.0 Downwind A-8 Periyanganam ESE 2.4 Downwind A-9 Puttukkunnu SW 3.2 Crosswind

A-10 Muppu WNW 2.9 Upwind




Figure 3.2 : Map showing Ambient Air Quality Sampling Location




Analysis of baseline concentrations 24 hourly Ambient Air Quality monitoring results including maximum, minimum and 98th percentile values in the study area are given in Annexure I and range of AAQ monitoring results are summarized in Table 3.5 with relevant ambient air quality standards. The baseline ambient air quality monitoring results for the study period are well within the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards for industrial area and Residential area at the present scale of operation.

Table 3.5 : Summary of Ambient Air Quality (98th %tile values, Units: µg/m3 except

CO mg/m3) Name of sampling location PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO Mine Lease Area 36 12 8 13 0.30 Varanjuru 47 18 11 13 0.33 Ettupottipada 35 12 8 11 0.43 Chal 38 14 9 12 0.65 Attakadu 47 16 11 13 0.35 Kamadam 47 16 10 14 0.29

Mayyanganam 43 15 10 15 0.39

Periyanganam 51 18 12 17 0.39

Puttukkunnu 49 17 9 12 0.30

Muppu 49 17 11 14 0.29

*NAAQ Standard 2009 100 60 80 80 2 N.B.: The HC values were observed below 1 PPM at all the monitoring locations. 3.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT AND TRAFFIC DENSITY 3.4.1 Ambient Noise Levels A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise generating sources in the area. The noise at different noise generating sources based on the mining activities, commercial activities, traffic, etc have been identified. The noise monitoring has been conducted at all the identified location in the study area during the study period. Measured noise levels, displayed, as a function of time, is useful for describing the acoustical climate of the community. Noise levels recorded at each station with a time interval of about 60 minutes are computed for equivalent noise levels. Equivalent noise level is a single number descriptor for describing time varying noise levels. The equivalent noise level is defined mathematically as Leq = 10 Log L / T∑ (10Ln/10) Where, L = Sound pressure level at function of time dB (A) T = Time interval of observation Noise levels during the night time generally drop, therefore to compute equivalent noise levels for the night time, noise levels are increased by 10 dB (A) as the night time high noise levels are judged more annoying compared to the day time. Noise levels at a




particular station are represented as Day-Night equivalents (Ldn). Day Night equivalent is the single number index designed to rate environmental noise on daily / 24 hourly basis. The noise level monitoring locations are given in Table 3.6 and are shown in Figure 3.3. The details of noise levels monitored results are given in Annexure II and summarized in Table 3.7.

Table 3.6 : Ambient Noise level monitoring locations

Sl. No. Location Direction w.r.t Mines Distance w.r.t Mines

(km) N-1 Mine Lease Area -- -- N -2 Varanjuru WNW 1.5 N -3 Ettupottipada WNW 7.6 N -4 Chal N 0.5 N -5 Attakadu NE 7.9 N -6 Kamadam ESE 8.1 N -7 Mayyanganam ESE 1.0 N -8 Periyanganam ESE 2.4 N -9 Puttukkunnu SW 3.2

N -10 Muppu WNW 2.9

Table 3.7 : Noise Levels during Study Period [Units:dB(A)] N-1 N-2 N-3 N-4 N-5 N-6 N-7 N-8 N-9 N-10

Ld 49.6 50.7 54.8 48.8 52.4 54.9 53.4 54.7 48.8 51.2 Ln 44.0 44.9 44.9 43.9 44.1 44.9 46.2 43.5 43.9 44.1

Ld Day Equivalents Ln Night Equivalents It is observed that the noise values recorded were well within the prescribed Ambient Air Quality Standards with respect to Noise.




Figure 3.3 : Noise level monitoring location

3.4.2 Traffic Density




The characteristics and volume of traffic was studied on working day during the monitoring period, on Birakulam to Kinanuru road. Summary of the traffic study is given in Table 3.8.

Table 3.8: Summary of Traffic Density

Type of Vehicle Total Traffic in 24 Hours on Birakulam to Kinanuru road HMV 30 LMV 35 3 Wheelers 46 2 Wheelers 197 Total 308 Perusal of the above monitored data shows that the traffic density on Birakulam to Kinanuru road in a working day is 308. 3.5 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3.5.1 Surface Water There are 3 first order streams present within the mine lease area. The study area is a part of five river basins i.e. Kariyamkod Puzha (South Western part of the study area), Perumbatta Puzha (South Eastern part of the study area), Perumbatta Chal(South Eastern part of the study area), Madikal Puzha(South Eastern part of the study area),and Maloth Puzha (North Eastern part of the study area).. Kariyamkod Puzha flows about 4.8 km SW of the Mine lease area, Perumbatta Puzha flows about 53.9 km SE of the Mine lease area, Perumbatta Chal flows about 6.7 km SE of the Mine lease area, Madikal Puzha flows about 3.7 km SE of the Mine lease area and Maloth Puzha flows about 5.4 km NE of the mine lease area. 3.5.2 Ground Water Coastal Alluvium occurs as narrow strips parallel to the coast south of Kasaragod. The width of alluvium increases to the south and attains about 5 km. around Trikaripur. North of Kasaragod (in Kasargod and Manjeshwar blocks), the alluvium occurs as isolated patches close to the coast and have limited thickness. The depth to water level in pre-monsoon period ranges from 3.62 m to 23.90 m bgl and in post-monsoon period 1.60 m to 22.60 m bgl. The DTW is shallower in the valley portions and gently slopes and forms deeper in laterite hillocks and lateritic ridges. The DTW is comparatively deeper in eastern part of Chengala, Karadka and Delampady panchayaths (Kasargod Block). The DTW is seen more than 20 m in parts of Chengala and Karadka panchayaths only. In Kasargod Block about 70% of the area in pre monsoon period the depth to water level shows in the range of 10.0 to 20.0 mbgl and about 7% of the area more than 20 mbgl. In post monsoon period, about 53% of the area shows the DTW in the range of 5.0 to 10.0 m and about 38% of the area in the range of 10.0 to 20.0 mbgl. In Kasargod block, about 20% of the borewells are yielding more than 10,000 lph and out of this about 4.5% yields more than 20,000 lph. Most of these high yielding wells are utilizing for regional water supply. The higher yielding wells are constructed in Bedadka, Chemnad and Mogral-puthur panchayaths of Kasargod block. Since only one block out of four blocks in Kasargod district is in safe category, further groundwater development is limited. The groundwater abstraction structures feasible in the blocks are dug wells in alluvium with depth of 3 to 5 metres and diameter of 1.5 to 2.25 metres. Filter point wells are feasible along the coast where thickness of alluvium is more than 6 metres. In the valley fill areas the dug wells are feasible with depth range of 4 to 8 metres with a diameter of 2 to 3.0 metres. In the laterite terrain, dug wells feasible in the valley portion with a depth range




of 4 to 10 metres and diameter of 2.0 to 3.5 metres and on hillocks and ridges with a depth range of 10.0 to 23.0 metres and diameter of 2.0 to 3.5 metres. In the crystalline formations dug wells feasible with a depth range of 5.0 to 15.0 metres with a diameter of 2.0 to 2.5 metres. Borewells are feasible in favourable locations in crystallines (includes crystallines covered by laterite). The borewell generally feasible at a depth of about 40 metres to 75 metres bgl. The site has to be selected along lineaments, fractures, shear zones etc. For proper site selection for groundwater abstraction structures especially borewells farmers may make use of the technical knowhow of CGWB, GWD etc.

1. Name of the Administrative Block : Kasargod 2. Net ground water availability : 94.64 MCM 3. Gross Annual ground water draft : 10.31 MCM

Source: Central Ground Water Board Report

3.5.3 Water Quality Assessment of baseline data on water quality includes

Identification of surface water sources

Identification of ground water sources

Collection of water samples

Analyzing water samples collected for physico-chemical and biological parameters

Surface Water The water sample collected from the nearby surface water resources were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. The sampling locations and summary of the test results are given below in Table 3.9 & Table 3.10.

Table 3.9: Surface water sampling location

S. No Code Location Source

1 SW1 Madikkal Puzha Stream water

2 SW2 Karymkod (Tejaswini) River River water




Figure 3.4 : Water Sampling Location




Table 3.10 : Surface water quality

TESTS

Desirable limits as per IS: 10500

SW1 Madikkal

Puzha

SW2 Karyamkod /

Tejaswini river

I. Essential Characteristics 1. Colour (Hazen Units) 5 <5 <5 2. Odour UO Agreeable Agreeable

3. Taste - Agreeable Not done 4. Turbidity, NTU 5 10 30 5. pH 6.5 – 8.5 6.9 7.2 6. Dissolved oxygen, mg/l - 4.8 6.2 7. Total Hardness as CaCO3, mg/l 300 20 6000 8. Iron as Fe, mg/l 0.3 <0.01 0.10 9. Chlorides as Cl, mg/l 250 15 24089 II. Desirable Characteristics 1. Dissolved Solids, mg/l 500 38 42800 2. Calcium as Ca, mg/l 75 4.0 721 3. Magnesium as Mg, mg/l - 2.4 1021 4. Copper as Cu, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 0.01 5. Manganese as Mn, mg/l 0.1 <0.01 0.02 6. Sulphate as SO4, mg/l 200 1 964 7. Nitrate as NO3, mg/l 45 <1 <1 8. Sodium as Na, mg/l - 11 13126 9. Potassium as K, mg/l - 0.8 390 10. Fluoride as F, mg/l 1.0 <0.1 1.0 11. Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH,

mg/l - <0.001 <0.001

12. Mercury as Hg, mg/l 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 13. Cadmium as Cd, mg/l 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 14. Selenium as Se, mg/l 0.01 <0.01 0.01 15. Arsenic as As, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 0.01 16. Cyanide as CN, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 17. Lead as Pb , mg/l 0.05 <0.01 0.03 18. Zinc as Zn, mg/l 5 <0.01 0.06 19. Anionic Detergents as MBAS,

mg/l - <0.02 <0.02

20. Chromium as Cr6+, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 0.03 21. Mineral Oil, mg/l 10 Absent Absent 22. Alkalinity , mg/l - 22 54 23. Aluminium as Al, mg/l 0.03 <0.01 0.02 24 Boron as B, mg/l 1 0.04 1.24 25 Total Coliforms MPN per 100ml - 7 9 Assessment of water quality The surface water quality parameters were assessed as per the Indian Standard IS10500 (Surface Water Standard). The observations are given below: It is observed that the pH of the samples are in the range of 6.9 to 7.2 Dissolved Oxygen is in the range of 4.8-6.2 mg/l Total hardness, Chlorides, Dissolved Solids, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphate, Sodium,

Potassium, Boron were found to more than the prescribed limit in Karyamkod / Tejaswini river

Flourides are in the range of <0.1 – 1 mg/l




Iron is in the range of <0.01 – 1 mg/l,. All the heavy metals are well within the permissible limit in Madikkal Puzha. Total Coliforms are in the range of 7-9 MPN. Ground Water Three ground water samples were collected to assess the ground water quality in the study area. The sampling locations are given in Table 3.11 and are shown in Figure 3.4. Detailed analysis results are given in Table 3.12.

Table 3.11: Ground water sampling locations S. No Code Location Source

1 GW1 Kinanuru village Open well 2 GW2 Kumbalapalli village Open well 3 GW3 Mine Lease area Open well 4 GW4 Bericulum Village Bore well 5 GW5 Vellarikundu Village Open well 6 GW6 Kolam kulam Village Open well 7 GW7 Mayyanganam Village Open well 8 GW8 MuppuVillage Open well 9 GW9 Varanjuru Village Open well




Table 3.12: Ground Water Quality

Sl. No

. Parameter

Desirable limits as per

IS: 10500

GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5

I. Essential Characteristics 1. Colour (Hazen Units) 5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 2. Odour

UO Agreea

ble Agreea

ble Agreea

ble Agreea

ble Agreea

ble 3. Taste

- Agreea

ble Agreea

ble Agreea

ble Agreea

ble Agreea

ble 4. Turbidity, NTU 5 1 4 1 10 12 5. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.4 6.9 6.9 8.3 7.5 6. Total Hardness as

CaCO3, mg/l 300 16 26 6 100 20

7. Iron as Fe, mg/l 0.3 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.04 <0.01 8. Chlorides as Cl, mg/l 250 5.8 14 5.8 10 10 9. Residual Free chlorine,

mg/l - <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Nil Nil

II. Desirable Characteristics 1. Dissolved Solids, mg/l 500 27 58 16 156 82 2. Calcium as Ca, mg/l 75 2.4 4.8 1.6 20 4.0 3. Magnesium as Mg, mg/l - 2.4 5.6 <1 12 2.0 4. Copper as Cu, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5. Manganese as Mn, mg/l 0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 6. Sulphate as SO4, mg/l 200 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 7. Nitrate as NO3, mg/l 45 2 5 1 3.3 6.0 8. Sodium as Na, mg/l - 3.2 9.4 3.6 8.5 18.6 9. Potassium as K, mg/l - <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 1.2 1.6 10. Fluoride as F, mg/l 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 <0.1 11. Phenolic Compounds as

C6H5OH, mg/l - <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

12. Mercury as Hg, mg/l 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.01 <0.001 13. Cadmium as Cd, mg/l 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 14. Selenium as Se, mg/l 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 15. Arsenic as As, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 16. Cyanide as CN, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 17. Lead as Pb , mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 18. Zinc as Zn, mg/l 5 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.09 19. Anionic Detergents as

MBAS, mg/l - <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

20. Chromium as Cr6+, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 21. Mineral Oil, mg/l 10 Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent 22. Alkalinity , mg/l - 11 20 4.3 104 41 23. Aluminium as Al, mg/l 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 24 Boron as B, mg/l 1 0.08 0.1 0.05 <0.01 0.01 25 Total Coliforms MPN per

100ml - <2 <2 <2 <2 <2




Table 3.12: Ground Water Quality Continued

Sl. No

. Parameter

Desirable limits

as per IS: 10500

GW6 GW7 GW8 GW9

I. Essential Characteristics 1. Colour (Hazen Units) 5 <5 <5 <5 <5 2. Odour UO Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3. Taste - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 4. Turbidity, NTU 5 11 6 14 3 5. pH 6.5 – 8.5 7.3 7.9 7.4 6.2 6. Total Hardness as

CaCO3, mg/l 300 10 94 10 12

7. Iron as Fe, mg/l 0.3 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 8. Chlorides as Cl, mg/l 250 10 6.7 9.7 7.7 9. Residual Free

chlorine, mg/l - Nil <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

II. Desirable Characteristics 1. Dissolved Solids, mg/l 500 46 145 34 27 2. Calcium as Ca, mg/l 75 4.0 18 2.4 3.2 3. Magnesium as Mg,

mg/l - <1 12 1 1.0

4. Copper as Cu, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5. Manganese as Mn,

mg/l 0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

6. Sulphate as SO4, mg/l 200 1.0 <1 <1 <1 7. Nitrate as NO3, mg/l 45 5.0 <1 2 2 8. Sodium as Na, mg/l - 10.6 7.4 7.8 4.6 9. Potassium as K, mg/l - 1.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 10. Fluoride as F, mg/l 1.0 <0.1 0.3 <0.1 0.2 11. Phenolic Compounds

as C6H5OH, mg/l - <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

12. Mercury as Hg, mg/l 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 13. Cadmium as Cd, mg/l 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 14. Selenium as Se, mg/l 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 15. Arsenic as As, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 16. Cyanide as CN, mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 17. Lead as Pb , mg/l 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 18. Zinc as Zn, mg/l 5 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 19. Anionic Detergents as

MBAS, mg/l - <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

20. Chromium as Cr6+, mg/l

0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

21. Mineral Oil, mg/l 10 Absent Absent Absent Absent 22. Alkalinity , mg/l - 13 98 11 8.6 23. Aluminium as Al, mg/l 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 24 Boron as B, mg/l 1 0.01 0.06 0.08 0.06 25 Total Coliforms MPN

per 100ml - <2 <2 <2 <2




Assessment of water quality The ground water quality parameters were assessed as per the Indian Standard IS 10500 (Drinking Water Standard). The observations are given below: It is observed that the pH of the ground water samples is in the range of 6.2-8.3 Turbidity in few ground water samples is more than the desirable limits Total dissolved solids (TDS) in the samples were in the range 16 to 156 mg/l Total hardness of the ground water samples was found to vary between 6–100

mg/l Fluoride concentration was found to vary between <0.1 to 0.3 mg/l Heavy metal concentrations in all the samples were found to be well within the

desirable limits. 3.6 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.6.1 Present Land use Pattern of the Mine Lease At present the area is virgin and it is Govt revenue non forest waste land. The area is in the form of mound and the top of deposit is in the form of plateau and there is no activity in the area. The general drainage pattern is towards north-west direction and local slope is in all direction as it is in mound shape. The proposed area is surrounded by small patches of agricultural land owned by private individuals in the buffer zone. The mining operation in the area will commence after grant of mining lease in the area.

Table 3.13: Land Use Pattern in the Mine Lease Area (in Ha)




Figure 3.5: Map showing Satellite Imagery based land use of the study area




3.6.2 Land Use Pattern in the Study Area As per the 2011 census data the land use pattern is like this total area 44679 hectors comprises in the buffer zone among that Irrigated land is 9740.61 hectors, un irrigated land is 22537.98 hectors, cultivable waste 3259.46 hectors, forest area is 699.71 hectors and area not available land for Cultivation is 8441.24 hectors.

Table 3.14: Land use of the study area (As per Satellite Imagery)

3.7 SOIL QUALITY The soil samples from the core and buffer zones were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters. The soil sampling locations are given in Table 3.15 and same are shown in Figure 3.6 and the analysis results are given in Table 3.16.

Table 3.15 : Soil Sampling Locations

Code Location Direction Distance w.r.t Mines (km)

S1 Core Zone (Ml Area) -- Within ML Area

S2 Vellarikundu Village N 1.6

S3 Kumbalapalli Village S 2.6

S4 Kolam Kulam Village E 1.9




Figure 3.6 : Location of soil sampling station




Table 3.16 : Soil Quality Results

Sl. No.

Test Parameters

Results

S1 Mine Area

S2 Vellrikunde

s Village

S3 Kumblapall

i Village

S4 Kolamulula

m Village

1. pH (1.2 Soil Water Extract)

5.68 5.94 5.47 6.52

2. E.C ( mhos) (1:2 Soil water Extract)

45 130 221 462

3. Available Nitrogen, Kg/Hec

150 360 430 390

4. Available Phosphorous as P2O5, Kg/Hec

20 31 40 36

5. Available Potassium as K2O, Kg/Hec

53 127 284 190

6. Available Sodium as Na, ppm

16 31 15 55

7. Ex. Calcium as Ca, ppm 240 2000 1040 1240

8. Ex. Magnesium as Mg, ppm

97 146 146 170

9. Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR)

0.07 0.04 0.04 0.12

10. Water soluble Chloride as Cl, ppm

15 35 55 120

11. Organic Carbon,% 0.29 0.74 1.04 0.78

12. Texture Sandy Clay Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Loamy Sand

a) Sand, % 47 70 73 84

b) Silt, % 21 13 12 7

c) Clay, % 32 17 15 9

Soil quality of study area shows the following observation:

The pH in the soil samples are in the range of 5.47-6.52. All the samples having average concentration of Electrical Conductivity and

Organic Carbon. Soil texture of the study area is predominantly Silty Clay and Sandy Loam. Concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are under better, medium

and very less category as per standard soil classification Over all it is observed that the soil of this region are suitable for agriculture.

3.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT To establish the baseline ecological status of the study area, a biological study has been carried within the study area. The study consisted of identification of flora and fauna existing in the study area of the project. 3.8.1 Forests The mine lease area consists of Govt. Non Forest Revenue Waste land. There is no forest land in the mine lease area. Kinanuru R.F. and Malothu R.F. are located in the study area west and north direction respectively. There is no National Park and Wild Life Sanctuary within the study area.




3.8.2 Flora The ML area is in non-forest revenue wasteland and natural vegetation observed in the area are shrubs and bushes along with grass. Coconut, plantations are found abundantly in study area.

Table 3.17 : Major species found in the buffer zone include: S.No Botanical Name 1. Acacia catechu 2. Dalbergia Paniculata 3. Dalbergia latifolia 4. Stereospermum chelonoides 5. Buchnania lanzana 6. Syzygium cuminii 7. Anogeissus latifolia 8. Petreocarpus marsupium 9. Dalberia latifolia 10. Diospryros melanoxylon 11. Eucalyptus species 12 Chloroxylon swietenia 13. Morinda tinctoria 14. Stereospermum chelonoides 15. Guaxuma tomemtosa 16. Gardenia gummifera 17. Cassia fistula 18. Ixora arborea 19. Tectona grandis 20. Diospyros montana 3.8.3 Fauna Wild life sighted in the study area

S.No English Name Zoological Name Schedule 1. Jackal Canis indicus II 2. Indian fox Vulpes bengalensis II 3. Common mongoose Hespestes sp. IV 4. Indian hare Lepus nigricolis IV 5. Fruit bat Rousettus leschanaulti V 6. Rat Bandicota indica V 7. Indian rat Mus ratus V 8. Porcupine Hystrix indica IV 9. Common mouse Mus muscuius IV

10. King vulture Targos calvus IV 11. Common kite Milyus migrms IV 12. Jungle crow Corvus corvus IV

3.9 DEMOGRAPHY & SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The growth of industrial sectors and infrastructure developments in villages and towns are bound to create its impact on the socio-economic aspects of the local population. The




impacts may be positive or negative depending upon the developmental activities. To assess the impacts on the local people, it is necessary to study the existing socio-economic status of the local population, which will be helpful for making efforts to further improve the quality of life in the study area. To study the socio-economic aspects of people in the study area around the proposed project site, the required data has been collected from various secondary sources and supplemented by the primary data. 3.9.1 Methodology adopted for the Study The methodology adopted for the study is based on the review of secondary data, such as Census of India 2011 Kerala Administrative Atlas for the parameters of demography, occupational structure of people within the study area of 10km radius around the proposed project site. Socio-economic environment includes description of demography, basic amenities housing, water facilities, health care services, transportation and education. Information on the above said factor has been collected to define the socio-economic profile of the study area (10 km radius), which is also a part of Environmental Impact Assessment study for the proposed activities. 3.9.2 Demography The total 15 villages and 1 sub districts comprises in the buffer zone, total population is 155319 among them 74951 are male and 80368 are female, among them 15907 are total children, male children are 8078 and female children are 7829. The male and female ratio of the study area is 932 males per every 1000 females. Village wise socioeconomic details are given in Annexure-00 and summarised in Table: 3.18.

Table 3.18: Socio-Economic Details within the Study Area

Description Numbers

Demography

Total Villages 15 Total no. of House Hold 38253

Total Population 155319

Total Male Population 74951

Total Female Population 80368

Total ST Population 22154

Total Sc Population 1661

Literacy Level

Total Literate Population 123474

Employment Pattern

Cultivators 3465 Agricultural Labour 6802

House Hold Workers 704

Other Workers 36677

Total Main Workers 47648

Total Marginal Workers 14648

Total Non Workers 93023

Infrastructure Facilities*

Water facilities*

Tap 9 River 1 (5 Villages)




Description Numbers Demography

Well 15 Canal 1

Tank 11 Lake 0

Tube Well 11 Spring 4

Hand Pump 12 Others

P & T Facilities

Post Office 36 Post & Telegraph Office 3

Telegraph Office 2 Telephone Connection 3940

Power Supply* Available in 15 villages

Medical Facilities*

Maternity & Child Welfare Center

17 Family Welfare Center 23

Public Health Center 7

Education Facilities

Primary School 79 College 2

Middle School 31

*Services available in No. Villages Source: Census 2011 3.9.3 Status of Literacy in the Study Area As per the 2011 census data the total literacy level in the buffer zone is 54% among them, male are 58% literates and 42% are the females. The Anuppur district average literacy ratio is 67.88%, from the analysis, it is concluded that people are poor and are not well educated; therefore the company need to focus on education and more on girl child and women education and development will provide the necessary alternate source of income generation in this area, which improves the standard of living of the population in the study area.

Table 3.19 : Statuses of Literacy and Details

S. No. Particular Population

1 Total Population 155319

2 Total Literates 123474

3 Total Literacy Rate 80%

4 Male Literates 62019

5 Male Literacy Rate 50%

6 Female Literates 61455

7 Female Literacy Rate 50%

Source: 2011 Census 3.9.4 Status of Occupation The economic status of the population is poor and mostly engaged in Cultivation agriculture local resources for their livelihood the details showing the table no.3.32. The percent of non-workers is 60%; the total workers are 40% i.e. main and marginal workers in the study area. The socio-economic analysis of the Study area shows that in terms of technical education and employment, the area is not developed. The overall




socio-economic status of the target population is low in terms of technical education; less work participation rate is, etc. More attention and care should be taken so that the needs and demand of these marginalized classes of the influence area population can get more exposure to modern facilities of education and development.

Table - 3.20: Status of Occupation in the Study Area

S.No. Particular Details of Study Area %

1 Main workers 47648 31%

2 Marginal workers 14648 9%

3 Total workers (Main +Marginal) 62296 40%

4 Non Workers 93023 60%

Source: 2011 Census 3.9.5 Status of Vulnerability Groups in the Study Area The marginalized population of Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) in the study area and special attention has to be given towards these groups. Among the total population Scheduled Caste (SC) is 1661 and Scheduled Tribe (ST) is 22154, percentage wise 1% of Scheduled Caste (SC) and 14% of Scheduled Tribe (ST) population the details showing the table no.3.33.

Table: 3.21: Vulnerability Groups

S. No. Particular Details of Study Area

1 Total Population 155319

2 Total SC Population 1661

3 % of SC Population 1%

4 Total ST Population 22154

5 % of ST Population 14%

6 Others Population 131504

7 % of others 85%

Source: 2011 census 3.9.6 Basic Amenities The basic amenities existing in study area are as follows:

The education facilities are evenly distributed in the study area. Primary schools are available in 15 villages. There are 79 primary schools, followed by 31 middle schools, 3 High School 2 colleges. Drinking water facilities are available in 15 villages in the form of Tap, Well, Tank, Tube well and hand pumps. Communication services in the form of post offices and Telephone connections and Mobile network are available in the villages. 15 villages in the study area electricity are available. Here is need to focus on Higher and Technical education and educational infrastructure i.e. toilets, drinking water and RCC building for all schools, library facilities, Girl child and Adult education. Health facilities, 17 Maternity & Child Welfare Centers, 7 PHCs, 5 PHSCs and 7 RMP services are available in the study area and here there is need to focus on Health Care infrastructure facilities.




3.10 COMMUNITY CONSULTATION Community Consultation plays a significant role in the preparation of Action Plan, after need based assessment for the welfare of the local people. Consultation helps to manage the public expectations concerning the impact of a project and its expected benefits. The purpose of these consultations is to inform the local public residing in the study area (10 km radius from project site) about the project and its effects and to provide opportunities for people to voice their concerns and propose alternatives. 3.10.1 Objective of Community Consultation Community Consultation is an internationally and nationally proved and implemented practice to build a rapport with the people who are directly or indirectly to be affected by Project activities. It was carried out in the project to the extent possible; in order to minimize the probable adverse impact of the project on the local population. The Community Consultation process was carried out with the following objectives:

To develop an understanding of the quality of life of the people residing in the study area;

To ensure enhanced public cooperation due to creation of awareness about purpose and benefits of the project;

Assessment of project impacts; To solicit the views of communities individuals on social, economic and

environment components and the significance of impacts; Development opportunities and initiatives; Mechanisms for monitoring and evaluation and for implementing corrective

actions. 3.10.2 Technique Used For Community Consultation Public Consultation was done in around 4 villages of the study area. The technique used for consultation was:

Questionnaire Survey: Focus Group Discussions in the villages; On-site Rapid Consultation: Interaction with village elders, community

leaders, Schools, Health centers. Information / data extracted from the Personal Survey forms reg. Problems & expectations of the local people of the study area are given in Table 3.22.




Table 3.22 : Problems & Expectations of the Local People of the Study Area

Village Facilities Available

Main Problem Desired Improvement

Kinanuru

Anganwadi School Health Telephone/

Mobile Electricity Mobile

Drinking water

Village Roads

Drainage and Sanitation

Employment Health

facilities

Potable Drinking water Rods & Transportation Drainage sanitation Vocational trainings Employment Pensions for the Old age

people Health care facilities Education facilities and

Infrastructure development in the schools

Community Hall Library Health awareness

Thayanur



Drinking water

Village Roads


Employment Health

facilities

Employment Potable Drinking water Rods & Transportation Drainage sanitation Vocational trainings Pensions for the Old age

people Health facilities Education facilities and

Infrastructure in the schools Library Health awareness

Parappa



Drinking water

Village Roads


Employment Health

facilities

Potable Drinking water Rods & Transportation Drainage sanitation Vocational trainings Employment Pensions for the Old age

people Health facilities Education facilities and

Infrastructure in the schools Health awareness




Karindalam



Drinking water

Village Roads


Employment Health

facilities

Potable Drinking water Employment Rods & Transportation Education facilities and

infrastructure Drainage sanitation Vocational trainings Pensions for the Old age

people Collage and ITI facilities Infrastructure for health

centers Conduct Health camps and

health awareness 3.10.3 Facilities Available As per the survey & community consultation, the major facilities available to the local inhabitants living in the study area are:

Anganbadi School Telephone Mobile Television News paper Co- operative society Train Bus Health centres

3.10.4 Major Concerns of the Villagers As per the survey & community consultation, the major concerns of the inhabitants living in the study area arose are:

Lack of Industrial Training Institute Lack of Higher Education Lack of Employment Lack of potable Drinking water facilities Lack of water for agriculture Lack of Proper Irrigation facilities Lack of Proper Drainage system in villages Lack of health awareness and facilities

3.10.5 Expectations of the Villagers Expectations from the Company As per the survey & community consultation, the population residing in the study area has following expectations from the Company:

Facility for Higher Education Industrial Training Institute Potable Drinking Water Facility Proper Irrigation facilities Proper Drainage system




Employment to local people as per qualification. Hospital & Dispensary Veterinary Hospital Promotion of Cultural Programmes Road facility Transportation Facility Community

Centre Library facility Pensions for

the old aged 3.10.6 Common Expectations

Improved facilities for maternal & child health facilities, immunization facilities, improved services of Anganwadi in villages will be provided.

The company may work towards providing infrastructural support to deal with lack of potable drinking water facilities as well as providing irrigation facilities to increase agricultural productivity.

Better connectivity and transportation facilities shall get created. Special emphasis should be given on Education with strong focus on Girls

education of the locality. Skill advancement training and economic development support program may be

started by the company. Overall betterment in employment, work, livelihood and wealth. Overall rise in awareness among the illiterate and the poor.

3.10.7 Socio - Economic Development Kinanuru Bauxite Mine Company will take initiatives for the all round socio-economic development and is committed to raise the quality of life and social well being of communities where it operates. Its CSR initiatives have been prioritized on local needs. Focus Areas

Education Employment (direct as well as indirect) Social Welfare Infrastructural Development Community Development Economic Development

Education

Provision of Bus for school Children. Provision of Merit Scholarships. Books and uniforms will be provided to the children of the unprivileged families

of the villages falling within the 2-5 km radius area. Provide and maintenance of the infrastructure in the schools will be done.

Employment

Kinanuru Bauxite Mine Company will give direct employment to 55 people; in addition there will be indirect employment to more around 150 people.

Besides the direct employment, company will impart self employment training to the unemployed youth of the neighboring villages, in batches.

Local villagers residing in the nearby villages shall be employed as skilled and




semi-skilled workers. Social Welfare

Adequate potable drinking water facility at villages where there is water scarcity will be provided for the needy villages.

Banking facilities Post offices and Communication facilities Medical facilities Recreation facilities

Infrastructural Development

The company will adopt a program to potable drinking water facilities in the villages within 2-5 km radius.

Maintenance of the village roads will be taken up. Due to the lack of hospitals, it is proposed to provide the health camps near by

the mining villages. Develop basic infrastructure for the middle/secondary and high schools in the

near-by villages. Community Development

Financial Assistance for Community Developmental Activities, Community Halls Provision of Emergency Medical Van which is available 24 hrs Conducting awareness programmes on Vector born diseases, Tuberculosis

HIV/AIDS water borne diseases and seasonal diseases. Provision of Drainage and sanitation facilities. Construction of the ponds which serve store the rain water for the irrigation Financial assistance will be provided for conducting local sports, religious and

cultural activities. Vocational trainings for the villagers.

Economic Development

Training to the local villagers to utilize the available cultivable waste land for developing fruit yielding & timber yielding varieties in a phased manner after obtaining necessary permission from local Panchayat.

Assistance in providing capital for small business activities for women group. Training & financial assistance to the women groups in tailoring & homemade

items. Technical training for school & college dropouts and assisting them in

establishing their own business. Sewing machines will be provided to Women folk in the neighbouring villages.

Chapter 4: Anticipated Impacts & Mitigation Measures




CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND

MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter identifies sources of pollution from proposed mining activities in Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine at Kinanuru village and evaluation of various impacts on environmental attributes in the study area. "Environmental Impact" can be defined as any alteration of environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration. Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are attributed directly by the project, secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment and changed pattern of social and economic activities by the proposed action. Various impacts have been studied and are discussed in the subsequent sections. 4.1.1 Identification of Impacts Mining operations involve development of benches, approach roads, haul roads, drilling, blasting, handling & transportation of bauxite, etc. The likely effects of these activities are:

Fugitive dust generation; Silt wash off during rains; Higher noise and vibration levels; Land degradation; Deforestation; Visual intrusion of land; Human health risks.

The mining and associated activities of within the proposed mining area, etc will lead to emissions of fugitive dust and higher noise levels in the mining area. However, it is proposed that adequate control measures will be provided which includes water sprinkling along the haulage road side to reduce the fugitive dust emissions. Proposed open cast mine will result in disturbance of the land use pattern of the area and cutting of benches will result in higher chance of erosion effects due to surface run-offs during heavy rainfall. The environmental impacts associated with the mining and associated activities are described in the following sections. 4.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 4.2.1 Impacts on Ambient Air Quality Bauxite mining is to be carried out by opencast mechanized method with small scale jack hammer drilling and blasting. The air borne particulate matter generated by ore extraction, handling operations and mineral transportation is the main air pollutant. The emissions of




Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) contributed by diesel operated excavation/ loading equipment and vehicles plying on haul roads will be marginal. Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out taking into consideration proposed production and net increase in emissions. Air pollution sources in the operating mine are classified into three categories

Point sources: Drilling & Blasting operations Area sources: Extraction of ore by various activities in ML area Line sources : Transportation of ore from mining benches to mineral stockpile and

OB/mineral rejects to surface dumps

Water tankers with spraying arrangement will be used for regular water sprinkling on the haul roads to ensure effective dust suppression. The tippers will be timely maintained so that exhaust smoke does not contribute abnormal values of noxious gases and un-burnt hydrocarbons. To assess the impact due to bauxite production of 8.786 Lakh tonnes per annum on air environment predictions has been carried out using ISC – AERMOD MODEL. AIR QUALITY MODELING ISC - AERMOD VIEW ISC–AERMOD View is a complete and powerful air dispersion-modeling package, which seamlessly incorporates the popular USEPA Models, ISCST3, ISC-PRIME and AERMOD into one interface without any modifications to the models. These models are used extensively to assess pollution concentration and deposition from a wide variety of sources. The AERMOD Model The AMS/EPA REGULAGORY MODEL (AERMOD) was specially designed to support the Environmental Regulatory Modeling Programs. AERMOD is a regulatory steady–state-modeling system with three separate components;

AERMOD (AERMIC Dispersion Model) AERMAP (AERMOD Terrain Preprocessor) AERMET (AERMOD Meteorological Preprocessor)

The AERMOD Model includes a wide range of options for modeling air quality impacts of pollution sources, making it popular choice among the modeling community for a variety of applications. AERMOD contains basically the same options as the ISCST3 model:

AERMOD requires two types of meteorological data files, a file containing surface scalar parameters and a file containing vertical profiles. AERMET Meteorological Preprocessor Program provides these two files.

PRIME building downwash algorithms based on the ISC– PRIME model have been added to the AERMOD model

Use of allocatable arrays for data storage Incorporation of EVENT processing for analyzing short-term source culpability Explicit treatment of multiple – year meteorological data files and the Annual average Options to specify emissions that vary by season, hour-of-day and day-of-week Deposition algorithms have been implemented in the AERMOD model – results can be

output for concentration, total deposition flux, dry deposition flux, and / or wet deposition flux




The model contains algorithms for modeling the effects of settling and removal of large particulates and for modeling the effects of precipitation scavenging for gases or particulates. AERMET In order to conduct a refined air dispersion-modeling project using the AERMOD short-term air quality dispersion model, it is necessary to process the meteorological data representative of the study area being modeled. The collected meteorological data is not always in the format supported by the model, therefore the meteorological data needs to be pre-processed using AERMET Program The AERMET Program is a meteorological preprocessor, which prepares hourly surface data and upper air data for use in the AERMOD air quality dispersion model. AERMET is designed to allow future enhancements to process other types of data and to compute boundary layer parameters with different algorithms. AERMET processes meteorological data in three stages and from this process two files are generated for use with the AERMOD Model

A Surface File of hourly boundary layer parameters estimates A Profile File of multiple-level observations of wind speed, wind direction, temperature

and standard deviation of the fluctuating wind components. A flow sheet depicting the AERMET Processing Stages is as follows: AERMAP – Terrain Processor The Terrain Processor allows to import and process terrain elevation data of the project. ISC-AERMOD View imports terrain elevation from various digital elevation maps to:

Extract Terrain Elevation for Receptor and Sources Generate the Terrain Grid Generate visualization of the surrounding terrain in 2D and 3D

Application of AERMOD ISC-AERMOD MODEL with the following options has been employed to predict the cumulative ground level concentrations due to emissions from the proposed activity.

Area being rural, rural dispersion parameters are considered Predictions have been carried out to estimate concentration values over radial distance

of 10 kms around the proposed Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminus Laterite mine Uniform polar receptor network has been considered Emission rates from the sources were considered as constant during the entire period The ground level concentrations computed without any consideration of decay

coefficient Calm winds recorded during the study period were also taken into consideration

Raw Hourly Surface

Observation

Extracted Surface Observations

QA’d Surface

Observations

Merged Data

24-hr Blocks

Surface File with

HBL Parameters

Upper Air

Estimator

Raw On-site

Data

Extracted

Soundings

QA’d

Soundings

QA’d On-site

Data

Profile File




24-Hourly mean ground level concentrations were estimated using the entire meteorological data collected during the study period.

Digital Elevation Map of the study area is used to represent the graphical output of the GLC’s using the Terrain Processor.

4.2.2 Emissions Details Excavation, loading and transportation through tippers are the major sources, which are of significance. Therefore, the emissions considered for modeling are from excavation, and transportation. The emissions will be mainly due to total production of 8.786 Lakh tonnes per annum of bauxite and 2.22 Lakh tonnes of OB/mineral rejects. The emissions are computed based on AP-42 emission factors. Operational hours, activity rate, ambient wind speed and moisture content have been considered for estimation of emissions from area sources. For line source, apart from operational hours and activity rate, moisture and silt content of the haulage road have been considered. Predictions are carried out for the worst-case scenario of simultaneous operation of excavators (area sources) and tippers for transportation from mine pit to loading point (line sources) over a distance of 2000 m. Particle size concentration assumed in the modeling consisted of five separate particles size classes 1.25, 3.75, 7.5, 12.5, and 20 micrometers with a particle concentration of 0.0262, 0.0678, 0.1704, 0.1536 and 0.5820 respectively. The number of working days has been taken at 300 days per year with 8 hours of operation / day, hence the concentrations predicted are considered to be the worst case. With control measures, the emissions have been taken at 30% of uncontrolled emissions for handling and 10% of uncontrolled emissions for transportation. EMISSION DETAILS (Basis – AP-42: Emission Estimation Technique Manual For mining) Area Source Emissions during production are given in the Table 4.1, 4.2 and Haulage emissions of mineral are given in Table 4.3, 4.4.

Table 4.1: Emissions due to production – Bauxite Particulars Proposed

Quantity, tpa 878600 Operational hours per year 2400 Activity rate, t/h 366.08 Emission of Dust, g/t 0.118 Emission of Dust gm/hr 43.20 Area of Influence, m2 25 Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/s/m2 0.00048 Controlled Emission rate, g/s/m2 0.000144




Table 4.2: Emissions due to Development: OB/Mineral Rejects Particulars Proposed

Quantity, tpa 222000 Operational hours per year 2400 Activity rate, t/h 92.5 Emission of Dust, g/t 0.118 Emission of Dust gm/hr 10.9 Area of Influence, m2 25 Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/s/m2 0.0001211 Controlled Emission rate, g/s/m2 0.0000363

Table 4.3: Haulage Emissions – Bauxite

Particulars Proposed Quantity, tpa 878600 Operational Hours per year 2400 Capacity of each Tipper 10 Total No of Tippers/year 87860 Lead length /trip, Km 1 Total VKT/Year 87860 Emission kg/VKT 0.9195 Total emission kg/year 80787.27 Uncontrolled emission rate g/s/m 0.009350 Controlled emission rate, g/s/m 0.002805

Table 4.4: Haulage Emissions – OB/Mineral Rejects Particulars Proposed

Quantity, tpa 222000 Operational Hours per year 2400 Capacity of each Tipper 25 Total No of Tippers/year 8880 Lead length /trip, Km 4 Total VKT/Year 35520 Emission kg/VKT 1.2616 Total emission kg/year 44812 Uncontrolled emission rate g/s/m 0.001296 Controlled emission rate, g/s/m 0.000388 4.2.3 Data Analysis of Predicted Concentrations Predictions have been carried out using ISC-AERMOD Model for study period. The maximum predicted value of increase in PM10 due to proposed mining operations would be about 9.67 µg/m3. This concentration will be observed within the core zone of mine area where mining operations are being carried out. The concentration was found to reduce to a value of less than 0.015 µg/m3 at a distance of about 1 km from the mining operations. The impact of increase in scale of mining operation would be negligible beyond 1.0 km. The predicted isopleths for PM10 are shown in Figure 4.1 and the predicted ground level concentrations as a result of mining operations are and overall scenario is given in the Table 4.5.




Figure 4.1: Predicted isopleths showing incremental ground level concentration of PM10 due to proposed mining operations in Kinanuru Bauxite, Aluminous and Laterite Mine




Table 4.5: Overall Predicted Scenario [Units: µg/m3]

Code Name of Sampling Location

Existing PM10 Concentration

(Max) (Summer 2012)

Predicted Incremental

Conc.

Overall Scenario

A-1 Mine Lease Area 36 9.67 45.67 A-2 Varanjuru 47 <0.015 47 A-3 Ettupottipada 35 <0.015 35 A-4 Chal 38 <0.015 38 A-5 Attakadu 47 <0.015 47 A-6 Kamadam 47 <0.015 47 A.7 Mayyanganam 43 <0.015 43 A-8 Periyanganam 51 <0.015 51 A-9 Puttukkunnu 49 <0.015 49

A-10 Muppu 49 <0.015 49 Thus, it can be seen that the ambient air quality will remain within the permissible limits after commencing the mining operations at Kinanuru Bauxite, Aluminous and Laterite Mine. 4.2.4 Impact of the Project on Local Transport Infrastructure The bauxite from proposed Bauxite & Aliminus Laterite mine at Kinanuru village will be transported through 10 tonne capacity tippers to Nileshwar town and from there to buyers location by road/rail. Considering the 300 days working of the mine and 8 hours mineral transport per day, about 36 trips per hour will be required for transportation of the mineral from mine to the destination. Thus a considerable increase in traffic density of the area will take place. The mine is connected by PWD road connecting Kinanuru and Berrikulum villages. There is insignificant traffic on this road and the increase in traffic density will not cause significant impact on the traffic density on the road. The road used for mineral transport will be regularly maintained in proper conditions by PWD and mine management will provide all the necessary assistance to the PWD. 4.2.5 Proposed Air Pollution Control Measures

Regular sprinkling of water at the active mine faces, blasting sites and also on the haulage roads.

Practice of controlled small scale blasting using delay detonators No blasting during heavy winds Regular maintenance of the transport vehicles Provision of dust masks to the workers Avoiding overloading of tippers and covering of loaded tippers with tarpaulins during

mineral transportation Limiting the speed of transport vehicles Regular maintenance of the mineral transportation roads outside the mine lease area. Maintenance of 7.5 m barrier zone all along the mine lease boundary and green belt in

the barrier zone Periodical monitoring of air quality to take steps to control the pollutants

4.2.6 Proposed Control Measures For Traffic Density

Mineral transport roads outside the mine lease area will be regularly maintained. Over-speeding and overloading will be strictly prohibited.




Batch transport system will be adopted, consisting 10 trucks in one batch thereby providing sufficient space for normal traffic.

Mineral transportation will be carried out in trucks covered with tarpaulin. Regular preventive maintenance of the transportation vehicles will be carried out to

control emissions. Silencers of the transportation vehicles will be maintained in good conditions to avoid

high noise generation. Silence zones will be declared nearby villages, schools, hospitals and other sensitive

places. Speed breakers, traffic signals, foot paths, etc will be provided at strategic locations for

the safety of the pedestrians. Traffic martial will be posted near schools during school start and closing time. Only trained drivers will be employed and all traffic rules will be strictly followed. Regular cleaning/sweeping of mineral transportation roads nearby habitations outside

the mine lease area. 4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT & GROUND VIBRATIONS 4.3.1 Anticipated Impacts on Noise Levels The main sources of noise in the mine are classified as follows:

Mobile Mining Equipment Transportation Vehicles Drilling and blasting

Mining machinery like Excavators & drills and transportation vehicles will create noise pollution in the working area as well as along the transportation route. Predictions have been carried out to compute the noise level at various distances around the working pit due to these major noise-generating sources. Noise modeling has been carried out to assess the impact on surrounding ambient noise levels. Predictions have been carried out to compute the noise level at various distances around the proposed mine. ‘DHWANI’ Noise Modelling Software developed by NEERI and approved by CPCB was used to predict the ambient noise levels around the plant boundary. Basic phenomenon of the model is the geometric attenuation of sound. Noise at a point generates spherical waves, which are propagated outwards from the source through the air at a speed of 1,100 ft/sec, with the first wave making an ever-increasing sphere with time. As the wave spreads the intensity of noise diminishes as the fixed amount of energy is spread over an increasing surface area of the sphere. The assumption of the model is based on point source relationship i.e., for every doubling of the distance the noise levels are decreased by 6 dB(A). Point source propagation is defined by the following equation: Lp2 = Lp1 – 20 log R2/R1 Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distances R1 and R2 respectively from the source. The identified noise sources in the proposed mine and their corresponding estimated noise levels are given in Table 4.6.




Table 4.6: Noise Sources and their Noise Levels at Source Sr. No. Noise Source

Source noise level at 1 m, dB(A)

X coordinate Y coordinate

1 Shovel (S1) 90 -350 -350 2 Shovel (S2) 90 -350 -140 3 Wheel Loader (W1) 90 -75 -440 4 DTH drills 85 -160 -280 8 Tipper (T1) 85 -85 -390 9 Tipper (T2) 85 -710 -660 10 Tipper (T3) 85 -1310 -885 The resultant noise isolines obtained from the noise modeling are superimposed on topographical map of the study area to identify the areas under impact due to the increase in noise levels from the proposed mining operations. The map showing predicted noise level isolines is given in Figure 4.2.

Figure: 4.2 : Noise Modeling Contours




From the modeling results, it is observed that the maximum resultant noise levels near the mine lease boundary will be about 50dB(A). The noise levels will be further reduced and the predicted resultant noise levels at the nearest village habitation i.e. Melancheri village will be about 45 dB(A). However, this model does not take into account the attenuation of noise levels due to noise barriers like vegetation, hillocks, etc and also the natural factors like altitude, wind direction, temperature, etc. Thus, the actual noise levels will be lower than the estimated noise levels using this model. Further adequate noise control measures, as described below, will be adopted to minimize the noise generation in the proposed plant. 4.3.2 Proposed Control Measures for Noise Pollution

Maintenance of green belt all around the working areas Regular maintenance and tuning of mine machinery Provision of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) to the personnel who are exposed

continuously to the high noise zone/ operation area Display of sign boards at high noise generation zones Limiting the speed of haulage vehicles / tippers Use of mufflers, silencers in vehicular exhausts Carrying out the mining and mineral transport activities during day time only.

4.3.3 Noise, Ground Vibrations and Fly Rocks due to Blasting Ground vibrations due to mining activities in the area are anticipated due to operation of Mining Machines like Excavators, wheel loaders, drilling and blasting, transportation vehicles, etc. However, the major source of ground vibration from the proposed bauxite mine is blasting. The major impact of the ground vibrations is observed on the domestic houses located in the villages nearby the mine lease area. The kuchha houses are more prone to cracks and damage due to the vibrations induced by blasting whereas RCC framed structures can withstand more ground vibrations. Apart from this, the ground vibrations may develop a fear factor in the nearby settlements. Another impact due to blasting activities are fly rocks. These may fall on the houses or agricultural fields nearby the mining lease area and may cause injury to persons or damage to the structures. Nearest habitation from the mine lease area is located in Melancheri village located adjacent to the Western boundary of the mine lease area i.e. at about 200 m from the ultimate pit limit. The ground vibrations due to the blasting in proposed Bauxite and Aluminus Laterite Mine are calculated using the empirical equation. The empirical equation for assessment of peak particle velocity (PPV) is: V= 417.8{D/(Q0.5)}-1.265 Where V= Peak particle velocity in mm/s D= Distance between location of blast and gauge point in m Q=Quantity of explosive per blasting in kg




Table 4.7: Estimated Peak Particle Velocity for different Explosive Charges Nearest village Distance from ultimate Pit Limit, m Quantity of Explosive/Blast, Kg PPV, mm/s

200 10 2.2 200 20 3.4 200 30 4.4 200 35 4.9 200 40 5.3 200 50 6.1

Note: the empirical formula does not take into account the delay factor in blasting due to the use of Delay Detonators. Permissible standards of ground vibration due to blasting as per guidelines of Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS), Dhanbad are given in Table 4.8.

Table 4.8: Permissible Standards for Ground Vibrations (Peak Particle Velocity in mm/s)

Type of Structure Dominant Excitation Frequency, Hz <8Hz 8 – 25 Hz > 25 Hz

A. Buildings / Structures not belong to the owner Domestic houses / structures (Kuchha, Brick & cement) 5 10 15 Industrial Buildings (RRC & Framed structures) 10 20 25 Objectives of historical importance & sensitive structures 2 5 10 B. Buildings belonging to owner with limited span of life Domestic houses/structures (Kuchha, brick & cement) 10 15 25 Industrial buildings (RRC, Framed structures) 15 25 50

Source: Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS) Circular 7 of 1997 From the above two tables, it can be seen that the maximum charge of 35 kg per blast will have to be maintained to keep the Peak Particle Velocity below 5 mm/s at Melancheri village habitations. Apart from this, additional control measures needs to be adopted to avoid the impacts due to ground vibrations and fly rocks due to blasting. 4.3.4 Control Measures for Ground Vibrations, Fly Rocks and Noise due to Blasting Ground Vibrations: In order to minimize vibration the following precautions will be taken:

1. Blast holes will be initiated by millisecond delay detonators. 2. Care will be taken to ensure that effective burden will not excessive and the face will be

kept sufficiently long. The burden will be kept at 0.9m and spacing will be 1m. 3. Number of blast hole per delay will be kept as low as possible. Single row blasting will

be conducted. 4. The firing of maximum possible no. of blast holes towards free face. 5. Periodic monitoring of ground vibrations will be carried out at the nearby village

habitation to assess the impact due to blasting and suitable corrective measures will be implemented.

Noise: The following steps will be taken to reduce the noise.

1. Suitable blasting pattern will be identified for the strata that would generate minimum noise and will produce only shattering/loosening effect.




2. Blasting will be so planned to minimize boulders, so that secondary blasting will be reduced.

3. Green belt with trees of varying height will be developed around the mine to absorb the blast noise and reduce noise.

Fly rocks: While blasting, if the holes will not be properly designed and charged, the main thrust of the blast will be upwards and instead of fragmenting the rock, there will be an outward surge resulting in rock fragments flying. In order to prevent fly rocks;

1. Stemming length will be kept equal to the burden or 20-25 times the dia of the blast holes.

2. Toe formation will be avoided by proper design of drilling and blasting as toe hole blasting involves increase risk of fly rocks.

4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 4.4.1 Impact on Surface Water Resources There is no perennial surface water body within the mine lease area and in the vicinity. The area receives heavy rainfall to the tune of 3500 to 4000 mm per annum. Surface run-off from the mine lease area flows along the slopes of the plateau and some water cut channels and joins the seasonal streams flowing along the foot of the hillocks. Due to highly undulating topography and heavy annual rainfall, there are numerous seasonal streams in the study area of the project. The proposed mining activities will create mine pits on the plateau within the mine lease area. There will not be any disturbance to the surface water bodies outside the mine lease area. 4.4.2 Impact on Ground Water The general ground water table in the area is estimated at 15m below ground level in the mine lease area. The ultimate depth of the mining is proposed at 6 – 7 m below ground level from the existing surface levels and thus the mine pits will remain much above the ground water table. Thus, there will not be any impact on the ground water table of the area. Total requirement of water would be about 25 KLD. The water will be sourced by tanker from nearby villages in the initial period of mining. Later, the rainwater accumulated in mine pits will be used for dust suppression and plantation to the extent possible. 4.4.3 Impact on Water Quality Surface water quality: The mining operation carries a risk of siltation of surface water bodies during monsoon. Silt from excavated areas, mineral stockyard, OB/waste dumps and other open areas may be carried away with the surface run-off during active rains and may be discharged into the surface water bodies thereby causing pollution of the surface water bodies. SILTATION STUDY Total silt load from the mining area is calculated based on the annual runoff, fraction of runoff joining the natural streams and amount of permissible standards of suspended solids in water.




Table 4.9: Silt Load Calculation CATCHMENT AREA – 1 Annual Rainfall of the Area : 3630 mm = 3.63 m Coefficient of runoff : 0.8 Area of Catchment C1 : 60 Ha =600000 m2 Runoff : =3.63*0.8*600000 Annual rainfall water availability =1742400 m3/ annum Considering 50% is joining the natural stream : =871200 m3/ annum =0.8712 mcm/year Considering suspended solids in runoff water as 200 mg/l during rainfall and 50% is trapped in gully plugs

: 100*0.8712= 87.12 t/yr

CATCHMENT AREA – 2 Annual Rainfall of the Area : 3630 mm = 3.63 m Coefficient of runoff : 0.8 Area of Catchment C2 : 20.937 ha =209370 m2 Runoff : =3.63*0.8*209370 Annual rainfall water availability =608010 m3/ annum Considering 50% is joining the natural stream : =304005 m3/ annum =0.304 mcm/year Considering suspended solids in runoff water as 200 mg/l during rainfall and 50% is trapped in gully plugs

: 100*0.304= 30.4 t/yr

TABLE 4.10: TOTAL SILT LOAD

Catchment Area = 80.937 ha = 809370 m2 Total Annual Runoff from Catchment areas (C1+C2) = 2350410 m3/year 50% of annual runoff reaching natural drainage = 1175205 m3/year Total runoff = 1.175 mcm/yr Total silt load (87.12+30.4) = 117.52 t/yr SETTLING POND DESIGN The dimensions of Settling Pond have been calculated considering peak hourly discharge (source Meteorological Data Tables, IMD) SETTLING POND DESIGN CALCULATION Highest rainfall in 24 hrs (as per IMD, Mangalore)

360.9 mm

Peak hourly discharge : 15.4 mm = 0.0154m Coefficient of runoff : 0.8 Catchment Area 1 Catchment Area 2 Area of Catchment : 60 Ha = 600000 m2 20.937 Ha = 209370 m2

Runoff : =0.0154*0.8*600000 =0.0154*0.8*209370 =7392 m3 =2580 m3

Settling Pond dimensions 50m x 40m x 4 m 30m x 30m x 3m




Ground water Quality The mineral does not contain any toxic material. The mining operations will remain much above the ground water table of the area. Thus, there will not be any adverse impact on the ground water quality of the area. There will not be any process effluent generation in the mine lease area. Domestic effluent from the mine office will be discharged into septic tank and soak pit system. Thus no significant adverse impact is anticipated on the surface or ground water regime of the area due to the proposed mining. 4.4.4 Proposed Water Pollution Control Measures No mining during monsoon season i.e. June to September months. Collection of surface run-off from the mine lease area in mine pits for settling. Construction of garland drains around the slope to collect and divert the surface run-off

from undisturbed area away from the mining area Plantation of fast growing grasses, small plants and bushes along with tall trees on the 7.5 m

wide green belt around the mine lease area to control soil erosion and to arrest silt wash off. Provision of series of settling ponds in the mine lease area for settling of silt in surface run-

off from ML area. Construction of 1625 m long parapet / retention wall within the mine lease to arrest silt

wash off. Construction of 5 check dams and gully checks, at strategic locations in the seasonal streams

on the hill slopes nearby ML area. Channelizing surface run-off from the mine lease area through garland drains to settling

ponds and only properly settled water will be discharged outside the mine lease area. Provision of septic tank and soak pit system for discharge of domestic effluent. With the above provisions the impacts due to storm water flow, soil erosion and siltation, on the surface water will be minimal. 4.4.5 Proposed Rainwater Harvesting Measures No mining will be carried out during monsoon months. The surface run-off from the mine lease area will be collected into the mine pits and settling ponds and will be allowed to percolate into ground thereby improving the ground water recharge. Check dams, gully checks etc will be provided at strategic locations in the seasonal streams in the vicinity of the mine to arrest silt wash off. Retarded flow with water spread over a wide area for longer duration shall enable to recharge ground water in significant quantities. Also, rainwater harvesting structures will be constructed at strategic locations in the nearby villages with consent from the respective gram panchayats to improve the ground water status of the area. 4.5 SOIL QUALITY 4.5.1 Impact on Soil Quality The lease area is in mound shape and top of the deposit is in the form of plateau. The surroundings is slightly undulating and having sloppy terrain. The bauxite in the lease area mostly covered with laterite which is acting as overburden. Due to mining activity, there will be removal of laterite capping and Bauxite and land will be degraded. The laterite capping will be




dumped properly and it will be leveled so that the dump height remains uniform in all sides and subsequently it will be used for back filling the degraded land as far as possible. 4.5.2 Soil Management Top soil, if encountered during mining, will be separately collected and will be directly used for plantation in the ML area. Bauxite is mostly covered with laterite, murrum & soil which will be stacked in the lease boundary and location of the same is marked in Development & Production Plan & Land use Plan. The thickness of topsoil/ overburden is around 1.2 to 2.0m in the area. During next five years of mining operation the top soil/ overburden generation will be around 3,50,000 m3 which will be stacked in the south eastern side of the lease boundary and location of the same is shown in plate No.6 & 10. The dumps will be stabilized with plantation so that there is no spillage in the surroundings. This will be used for reclamation of land if required or used for afforestation purpose later. Thick plantation will be carried out around the mine lease boundary to arrest fugitive dust emissions from the mine lease area from spreading outside the mine lease. The plantation will also help in preventing soil erosion and arresting silt wash off from the ML area. 4.6 Land Use Pattern 4.6.1 Impact on Land Use pattern The lease area is in mound shape and top of the deposit is in the form of plateau. The surroundings is slightly undulating and having sloppy terrain. The bauxite in the lease area mostly covered with laterite which is acting as overburden. Due to mining activity, there will be removal of laterite capping and Bauxite and land will be degraded. The laterite capping will be dumped properly and it will be leveled so that the dump height remains uniform in all sides and subsequently it will be used for back filling the mined out pit as far as possible. Though there will be some change in the land use pattern but it will give better view The mine lease area is private non-forest revenue land. The area is in the form of mound and the top of deposit is in the form of plateau and there is no activity in the area. The proposed area is surrounded by small patches of agricultural land owned by private individuals in the buffer zone. At present, the plateau in the mine lease area is a barren land with scarce vegetation. The entire ML area is covered with bauxite, Laterite outcrops and grasses. There is no habitation within or adjacent to the mine lease area.

Table 4.11: Land Use Pattern (Hectares)

S.No Land Use Present Plan Period

1 Area to be excavated during Plan Period Nil 24.720

2 Overburden dumps Nil 3.600

3 Mineral Storage Nil 0.400

4 Infrastructure Nil 0.100

5 Roads Nil 0.800

6 Green belt Nil 3.250

7 Others (Parapet walls, Settling Tank) Nil 0.270

8 Undisturbed area 80.937 47.797

Total 80.937 80.937




4.6.2 Reclamation and Rehabilitation Plan Mining operation in the proposed area will commence after grant of obtaining Environmental Clearance. The mining operation will be in opencast mechanized mine. It is observed from the Development & Production plan & Sections that a pit will be developed during next five years of mining operation in the eastern side. The mining operation will be in mechanized and 6.0 m of bauxite will be excavated in next five years at the end of the present plan period as envisaged now and it can be referred from Progressive mine closure Plan for PMCP There is no possibility of attaining optimum depth at the end of fifth year and so there will be no consideration for Reclamation & Rehabilitation within next five years. Thus, at the conceptual stage, the mine lease area will be covered with thick plantation and surface water bodies. Thus, the present barren landscape of the mine lease area will be changed into afforested landscape. This will improve the aesthetic and ecological status of the area. 4.7 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL The bauxite deposit is mostly covered with overburden which is mostly lateritic murrum. There is some intercalation in the bauxite zone. Due to mining operation there will be generation of -10mm size bauxite chips and fines has no industrial use and considered as rejects. This will be stacked separately. At present it is proposed part of the rejects material will be used for road making purpose. The applicant has no proposal for having processing unit in the proposed area which will generate contaminated substance. The waste so generated as of non-toxic & non- hazardous in nature. The location of the same is earmarked in Plate No.6 &10. The only hazardous waste is used oil / spent oil which would be sold to authorized recycler. 4.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4.8.1 Impact on Biological Environment The following impacts are identified on the biological environment due to the proposed mining activities Direct and Indirect Impacts: The impacts of the mine can be divided as direct and indirect impacts. The possible direct impacts of mining on wildlife are as follows:

Loss of habitat on the mine site and surrounding areas Disturbance to wildlife due to mining operations Disturbance to wildlife due to transportation of mined material Presence of work force including management and supervisory staff and labours causing

an impact on surrounding forests and wildlife Impact of social problems after closure of mine.

Likely indirect impacts of mining are as follows:

Increased accessibility of the forest area due to improved road access causing pressure on forests

Impact of induced development in the surrounding region




4.8.2 Proposed Biological Environment Protection Measures A detailed study on ecology and wildlife of the core zone and buffer zone of the Kinanuru mine was carried out and a detailed plan was prepared to minimize the impacts of the mining on the ecology and wildlife of the area. As per the wildlife conservation plan, the protection measures for biological impacts are summarized in Table 4.12.

Table 4.12: Summary of Impacts and Mitigation measures for Biological Environment

Sr. No.

Type of Impact Impact Prevention / Mitigation

1 Loss of Biodiversity & Habitat – site clearing and preparation

Habitat restoration to be carried out concurrently

2 Loss of biodiversity and habitat due to road and infrastructure

Identification of alignment which will cause minimal disturbance to forests and other habitats like streams, waterholes.

3

Disturbance due to mining operations: Noise and human presence: Drilling-blasting and heavy earth moving machinery

i) Operations to be carried out during the day time. ii) Creating barrier to the sound with the help of vegetation. iii) Use of Low noise equipments and no mechanical crushing iv) Plantation of native species/ habitat restoration in the

surrounding areas outside mineralized zone v) Strict monitoring of labour movement and straying into

forest vi) Trucks to move in groups to reduce frequent disturbance

4 Disturbance to wildlife due to transport of the ore

i) No vehicle movement after the sunset or dusk when wildlife becomes active

ii) Trucks to move in groups to reduce frequent disturbance iii) Creation of underpasses like small animals like reptiles

and amphibians iii) Training and awareness for truck / tipper drivers

5. Disturbance to wildlife due to transport of workforce, material , etc

i) No vehicle movement after the sunset or dusk when the wildlife becomes active

ii) Training and awareness for drivers about importance and care of wildlife related to road and vehicle movement.

6 Impact of siltation on amphibian fauna

i) Surface run-off from the mine will be adequately checked and suspended silt/particulate allowed to settle in settling ponds to minimise the damage and loss of habitat for amphibian fauna.

7 Presence of the workforce on the mine

i) No night stay on the mines ii) Training of employees and contract workers iii) Moving of workers in groups under supervision iv) Avoid walking through the forest to reach the mine and

strictly move in company vehicle

8 Increased accessibility to the forests

i) Engage local people from the immediate vicinity

The protection measures as suggested in the Wildlife conservation measures will be duly implemented to prevent impacts on the biological environment of the area.




4.9 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 4.9.1 Anticipated Impacts on Socio-Economy of the Area The impact of the proposed project on socio economic conditions of the study area is as follows.

Increase of floating population. Increase in demand of services includes hotels, lodges, public transport (including taxis),

etc. Economic upliftment of the area. Raising of Home rents and land prices and increase in Labour rates. Rapid growth of service sector will result in increase of incomes in the area. Beneficiation of the civil constructions Expanding of services like retail shops, banks, automobile workshops, school, health

care, etc.

4.9.2 Measures for Improvement in the Socio-Economic Status The impacts of the proposed Bauxite mine on demography and socio economic condition are as follows.

The proposed Bauxite mine will help to the development of surrounding areas of mine. Increase in employment opportunities and reduction in migrants to outside for

employment. The project would provide direct employment. Increase in literacy rate. Growth in service sectors Improvement in socio cultural environment of the study area. Improvement in transport, communication, health and educational services. Increase in employment due to increased business, trade commerce and service sector. The overall impact on the socio economic environment will be beneficial.

Impact on Human Settlements Due to the support services requirement of the guest community in the proposed mine, the host community will be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities, increased demand for the local produce and services. Hence, there will be rise in the income level of the host community. Since the project does not involve any land ouster or home ousters’ and resettlement or displacement of any community there will be no impact due to project on the social environment. Moreover, the project will lead to provision of more infrastructural facilities, educational facilities, and medical facilities.

4.9.3 Measures for Improvement in Social Infrastructure For the benefit of the community in the vicinity of the project, Kinanuru Bauxite Mine will take several measures to develop various amenities in an effort to improve standard of living. Employment Projection: 55 numbers of people will get the opportunity towards direct employment and indirect employment about 150 full operation of this company as locally unavailable professionals, skilled, semi skilled with their families will contribute in increase in population from this project. However most of the non locals may stay with their families in nearby semi-urban areas.




4.9.4 Proposed Socio-Economic Welfare Measures

Local people mainly depend upon agricultural and horticultural productions, where the income is irregular and low. Jobs in the mines will increase their per capita income and improve the life style of the people

Proper arrangements will be made for safe and healthy conditions such as dust suppression during loading, unloading & transporting, etc. Development of allied business centers and other small scale industries will help to improve social standards of the surrounding villagers

Infrastructural facilities and earning avenues will improve due to mining activities. General economic level within the buffer zone will improve, which in turn improves quality of life; level of education and training. Direct and indirect employment opportunities will go up

Awareness of Safety and Environment, through the conducting of Mines Safety & Environment Week, is likely to go up

The Management of the Mine shall recruit the semi skilled & unskilled workers from the nearby villages, which increases the social status of the villagers. Direct and indirect employment will help these villagers to improve their economic condition. Poor Educational and Medical facilities in these villages will also improve.

Mine management will contribute for the upliftment of these villages by conducting regular medical camps, assistance in developing necessary infrastructure facilities like maintenance of schools, village roads, drinking water supply, etc.

4.10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Occupational health and safety hazards occur during the operational phase of mining and primarily include the following:

Respiratory hazards Noise Physical hazards Explosive storage and handling

4.10.1 Respiratory Hazards Long-term exposure to silica dust may cause silicosis The following measures are proposed:

Cabins of excavators and tippers will be enclosed Use of personal dust masks will be made compulsory

4.10.2 Noise Workers are likely to get exposed to excessive noise levels during mining activities. The following measures are proposed for implementation

No employee will be exposed to a noise level greater than 85 dB(A) for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection

The use of hearing protection will be enforced actively when the equivalent sound level over 8 hours reaches 85 dB(A), the peak sound levels reach 140 dB(C), or the average maximum sound level reaches 110 dB(A)




Ear muffs provided will be capable of reducing sound levels at the ear to at least 85 dB(A)

Periodic medical hearing checks will be performed on workers exposed to high noise levels

4.10.3 Physical Hazards The following measures are proposed for control of physical hazards

Specific personnel training on work-site safety management will be taken up; Work site assessment will be done by rock scaling of each surface exposed to workers to

prevent accidental rock falling and / or landslide, especially after blasting activities; Natural barriers, temporary railing, or specific danger signals will be provided along

rock benches or other pit areas where work is performed at heights more than 2m from ground level;

Maintenance of yards, roads and footpaths, providing sufficient water drainage and preventing slippery surfaces with an all-weather surface, such as coarse gravel will be taken up

4.10.4 Occupational Health Survey All the persons will undergo pre-employment and periodic medical examination. Employees will be monitored for occupational diseases by conducting the following tests

General physical tests Audiometric tests Full chest, X-ray, Lung function tests, Spirometric tests Periodic medical examination – yearly Lung function test – yearly, those who are exposed to dust Eye test

Essential medicines will be provided at the site. The medicines and other test facilities will be provided at free of cost. The first aid box will be made available at the mine for immediate treatment. First aid training will be imparted to the selected employees regularly. The lists of first aid trained members shall be displayed at strategic places.

Chapter 5: Environmental Monitoring Program




CHAPTER 5: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME All the environmental parameters viz. air, water, noise, soil, etc will be monitored regularly in order to detect any changes from the baseline status. Monitoring program will be followed till the mining operations continue; every year as per the schedule given below: 5.2 AIR QUALITY MONITORING Two locations in core zone and six locations in the buffer zone will be monitored on twenty four hourly basis for two days in a week, twelve weeks in every season except monsoon. 5.3 NOISE LEVELS MONITORING Noise levels in the working area will be monitored once in every season till the continuation of operations. Ambient noise levels will also be monitored once in a season in the buffer zone order to get the overall look of the noise status and its effects on the surrounding community. 5.4 WATER QUALITY MONITORING Water quality will be monitored in every season. The concentration of heavy metals shall be checked for likely contamination. Samples will also be collected from seasonal streams near the mine lease. Ground water quality will also be monitored in order to know the impacts of mining operations. This data will be compared to baseline to evaluate the efficacy of the adopted mitigation measures and if further corrective measures are needed. Water levels will also be monitored on seasonal basis in surrounding wells, to assess the impact on ground water regime quantitatively. 5.5 SOIL QUALITY ASSESSMENT Soil samples will be collected from the core and buffer core zone in the areas where plantation has started and quality will be checked once every year except monsoon in order to observe any deviations in the impacts of the operations and the corresponding improvement in the fertility of the soil in core zone soil. The monitoring system will also include: (i) Study for slope failures and excess erosions on the mine benches. (ii) Periodic analysis of mine drainage and settling pond discharge water at regular intervals

to monitor suspended solid content in particular and other parameters in general. (iii) Study of bunds/ retention walls and the silt arresting arrangement.

TABLE 5.1: SUMMARY - MONITORING PROGRAMME S.NO. PARAMETERS SCHEDULE LOCATION

1 Air quality monitoring 24 hourly Monitoring for 12 weeks in pre, post-monsoon & winter season every year

2 in core zone 6 in buffer zone

2 Noise quality monitoring Once in pre, post-monsoon & winter season every year

Core & Buffer zone

3 Water quality monitoring Pre-monsoon, Monsoon, Post monsoon and winter season

Surface water bodies including seasonal




S.NO. PARAMETERS SCHEDULE LOCATION streams nearby ML area and ground water from nearby villages

4 Soil quality analysis Once in a year, preferably during dry season

4 locations from the area around the mine lease and in core zone

5.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC) For implementation of Environment Management Plan, an Environment Management Cell will be formed under the control of the Project Manager. The EMC will be headed by an Environmental engineer/scientist with sufficient trained manpower in his charge. The responsibilities of this cell will be: 1. Implementation of pollution control measures 2. Monitoring programme implementation 3. Post-plantation care 4. To check the efficiency of pollution control measures taken 5. Any other activity as may be related to environment 6. Seeking expert’s advice when needed 7. Submission of the various compliance reports to the statutory authorities like MPCB/MoEF,

etc.

Chapter 6: Additional Studies




CHAPTER 6: ADDITIONAL STUDIES

6.1 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT The aim of risk assessment and disaster management is to identify potential dangers associated with the mining operations and delineation of corresponding prevention and control measures. 6.1.1 Inundation There is no perennial surface water body within or nearby the mine lease area. The proposed area is situated on elevated around and the area is in mound shape. The area is elevated from the surrounding by 150m and there is as such no water sources in the area from which inherent seepage of water occur. As the area is in elevated ground does not require any specific drainage pattern. The water accumulation in the pits will be drained out through gravity in the surroundings. Hence there is no risk due to inundation of the mine pits. 6.1.2 Pit slope & dump slope failures The mine pits in proposed Kinanuru Mine will have an ultimate pit depth of 6-8 m. there will be only one bench in bauxite. However, the pit slope will be maintained below 45° to avoid pit slope failure. The bench sides will be inspected for loose material after blasting to avoid fall of boulders on workers. 6.1.3 Blasting The method of mining operation mechanized mines with drilling and blasting by using cord delay, ANFO etc.. The total numbers of holes blasted at any particular time will not be more than 80 nos. and as such there will not be much appreciable vibration due to this blasting operation. To reduce the generation of ground vibrations, fly rocks and noise level it is proposed to adopt controlled blasting techniques using milli-second delay detonators that ensures better fragmentation and minimizes ground vibration, fly rock & dust generation. The maximum no of holes kept in one blasting round will be reduced to control ground vibration. Further maximum of two rows of blasting shall be blasted to control the ground vibration, back break and noise pollution. Stemming of around one third the depth of hole will be done to control the fly-rock generation. 6.1.4 Surface Fire There are no ignitable materials in bauxite mine. However, use of fuel or explosives in the mine lease area may lead to fire / explosion. DG sets, HEMM and the trucks are also carriers of fuel in the mine lease area. Sufficient fire extinguishers of suitable type and make will be made available at strategic locations in the mine lease area to control any fire /explosion incident. 6.1.5 Loading The main hazard associated with loading is the bauxite boulder falling on to the loading labour/truck cabin, truck toppling over due to uneven ground, failure of hydraulic systems. Good housekeeping practices, regular cleaning of the haulage roads and regular maintenance of the HEMM, loading operations under supervision of competent persons, etc will be done to avoid such accidents.




6.1.6 Heavy Vehicles Only excavators are involved for mining of bauxite. Tippers will be used for transport of mineral. The main hazards arising from the use of such machines are incompetent drivers, brake failure, lack of all around visibility from the drivers position, access to the cab, vehicle movements particularly reversing, roll over, vibration, noise, dust and maintenance. Those most at risk are the driver and company employees likely to be struck by the vehicle, and drivers of smaller vehicles, which cannot be seen from the cabs of large vehicles. Visibility defects can be reduced by the use of visibility aids such rear view mirrors. Good maintenance and regular testing are necessary to reduce the possibility of brake failure. An area shall be set out as a testing area where regular tests are carried out on the effectiveness of a vehicles braking system. Protection guards will be provided for moving parts of the equipment and handling heavy components during maintenance work. 6.1.7 Explosives Explosives by virtue of their nature have the potential for the most serious and catastrophic accidents in the mining industry. Yet the way they are used is an excellent example of how risk assessment is properly applied. Only qualified and trained persons are permitted to carryout drilling and blasting. The use of explosives is specialist work. Planning for a round of shots it is necessary to ensure that the mining face is properly surveyed, holes correctly drilled, direction logged, the weight of explosive suitable for good fragmentation is used and the continuity of explosives with the initiator is properly maintained and proper stemming of the holes are done with acceptable material. Poorly designed shots can result in misfires, early ignition and flying rock ejection. The more sophisticated type of explosive demands properly trained persons to carry out the blast design, charge and fire the round of explosives. Only qualified persons as per statute shall be engaged to do this work. 6.1.8 House keeping The provision and maintenance of a safe and healthy workplace is the most basic principle of health and safety. Dirty and untidy workplaces or walkways contribute to a very large proportion of trip and fall accidents. In the context of surface mining the provision of well defined roadways and walkways clear of obstruction and regular cleaning up of spillage will greatly reduce the potential risk for this type of accidents. Lack of maintenance may lead to roadways and walkways being unsuitable for use. 6.1.9 Health Hazard Normally there shall not be any hazards due to gaseous pollutants like SO2, NOx and CO also like liquid discharges do not have any carcinogenic parameters. The gaseous pollutant levels are much below the permissible limits. Precautions such as proper maintenance of equipments shall reduce gaseous emissions so that their emissions are always below the permissible limit in the mine environment. However, mine




management will provide Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) to the people who expose to dusty and noisy areas in the mine. Further, periodic health check-up are being taken-up as per the Mines Act & Rules. 6.2 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT PLAN There are no human settlements within the mine lease area. The mine lease area falls in forest land and there is no private land within the mine lease area. Hence Rehabilitation and Resettlement plan is not required. 6.3 PUBLIC HEARING There are no human settlements within the mine lease area. The mine lease area falls in forest land and there is no private land within the mine lease area. Hence Rehabilitation and Resettlement plan is not required.

Chapter 7: Project Benefits




CHAPTER 7: PROJECT BENEFITS

7.1 PROJECT BENEFITS The proposed mining project is for captive consumption of the bauxite for production of Calcined Alumina as well as in exporting of Metal grade and low grade Bauxite suitable for Cement industries. This project has a substantial benefit in the form of revenue to the State Government, increase the export and foreign trade and import substitution. There shall be employment generation and business opportunities for the local populace that would reduce migration. There will also be a noticeable improvement in the socio-economic index of the region around the project site. 7.2 IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE The proposed project is expected to yield a positive impact on physical infrastructure in and around the project area. To facilitate the ore transport, the road infrastructure will be strengthened where necessary to complement the existing infrastructure. With local employment increasing, there will be improvement in the local public transport facilities. Need for communication, will facilitate increase in telephonic communication and related infrastructure. On commissioning the Industrial Mining project activities, Physical Infrastructure will improve in the following areas.

Employment potential for 55 number of people for direct and another 150 number of people for indirect.

Improvement on standard of living. Education system will improve by having Schools, Colleges, Vocational training

institutes etc., Existing approach roads will be strengthened with Black Top Roads Economic growth of nearby surrounding area Community halls will be constructed to nearby villages. Medical Assistance with Ambulance facility to nearby Hospitals. Potable drinking water facilities will improve.

7.3 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE The project is proposed in Kinanuru Bauxite Mine land is belongs to govt. land The project as mentioned above will generate 55 direct and 150 indirect employment to scores of local people. Under the Corporate Social Responsibility, the Kinanuru Bauxite Mine will develop a policy of either developing the villages in the vicinity by identifying the requirements or will adopt the villages for their development. The social requirements will be identified such as Drinking water requirement, Promotion of Educational institutions, and Medical facilities to the villagers (especially Senior Citizens and infants or pregnant ladies). Community centers, recreation facilities etc will also be developed as part of social responsibility. The proposed project will lead to direct and indirect employment opportunity. Employment is expected during operation of mining, afforestation works and other ancillary services. Majority of labors will be of unskilled labor. A major part of this unskilled labor force will be mainly from local villagers. This will enhance their income that would increase the purchasing power of their families and thus lead to overall economic growth of the area.




The project proponent will also make interventions through its CSR plan implementation that will make a positive impact on the social infrastructure of the region. The following areas of social infrastructure are expected to take place with this project.

Formation of Women Self help groups to empower women Strengthen the Co-operative Society and Banking in the villages for mutual benefits Provide administrative support to bring the government schemes to the villages Provide financial and administrative support to improve the secondary education and

vocational skill education. Facilitate increase in awareness towards health, family, insurance, sanitation,

immunization, water harvesting, agricultural productivity, multiple cropping and other programs to increase the living standards of the rural communities.

Support construction and management of social infrastructure like the Primary and secondary schools, Primary Health Centres, Community halls, Village ponds, Public toilets, Bus stops, Public hand pumps, drinking water supply, etc, as per need identified from the Socio-economic survey.

The basic target would be the development of the local villages in the vicinity of the project. Hence, scope for development of the local population economically is envisaged. 7.4 REACHING OUT TO THE COMMUNITY The CSR plan for the proposed project at Kinanuru mines is planned as per the needs identified through the Socio-Economic survey conducted. Many activities that are proposed to be identified for reaching out to the community are listed in the section 7.3 above. Each of these programs will help the project proponent to reach out to the community. 7.4.1 Action Plan for Maintenance of Village Roads The mine management will maintain the nearby village roads regularly as a part of social developmental activities. The village roads will be maintained and regular ambient air quality monitoring will be carried out. Fugitive dust control measures such as sprinkling of water will be done. The public roads used for mineral transportation will be regularly maintained by PWD and the mine management will provide funds for the maintenance of the roads. 7.4.2 Vocational Training to Interested Youth The mine management will provide on job training to the interested youths of the nearby villages and the eligible candidates will be absorbed by the company as per the requirement. The mine management will also allocate funds for helping the youths from poor section for higher studies. These funds will be distributed in the form of scholarship for higher education to the poor. 7.4.3 Upliftment of Scheduled Caste / Tribes and Other Weaker Sections of Society The management will conduct a social survey to identify the economically backward people in the study area. A programme will be initiated especially keeping in view the poorer scheduled castes and tribes, to provide training in their own interested fields, so that they can start their enterprise like dairy farming, mushroom farming, homemade foods, etc. The management will also provide all monitory assistance to them for establishing their enterprise and also in marketing their products.




7.4.4 Need Based Assessment On commencing the mining activities at proposed Kinanuru mine, the CSR cell of the company will visit the nearby village and will assess the needs of the local people by community interaction, discussion with village heads, etc. Detailed action plan will be prepared village wise based on the needs of the people and the same will be implemented. The needs of the villagers will be assessed from time to time throughout the life of the mine and suitable programmes will be developed in consultation with the village panchayats for sustainable development of the nearby villages. 7.5 OTHER IN-TANGIBLE BENEFITS The proposed project is likely to have other tangible benefits as given below. Indirect employment opportunities to local people in contractual works like housing

construction, transportations, sanitation, for supply of goods and services to the project and other community services

Additional housing demand for rental accommodation will increase Market and business establishment facilities will also increase Cultural, recreation and aesthetic facilities will also improve Improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and

medical facilities

Chapter 8: Environmental Management Plan




CHAPTER 8: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN - INTRODUCTION An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site specific plan designed to ensure that the project is implemented in an environmental sustainable manner where the mine management including all contractors and subcontractors, including consultants, understand the potential environmental risks arising from the proposed project and take appropriate actions to properly mitigate the risk. EMP also ensures that the project implementation is carried out in accordance with the design by adopting appropriate mitigation measures to minimize adverse environmental impacts during its life cycle. The plan outlines potential problems that may adversely impact the environment and recommends corrective measures where required. Also, the plan outlines the roles and responsibility of the key personnel and contractors regarding environmental management for the project. 8.2 AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT The Proposed project is very small scale mining. The production capacity of 8.786 lakh TPA results in truck movement of about 322 trucks/day. With the mining operations as detailed in earlier chapters, there shall be negligible on the AAQ of the core or buffer region. However, in view of the environmental sensitivity of the core and the buffer areas, the following mitigation plan is proposed for the AAQ management, Mines: Dust masks will be provided to the workers exposed to high dust generating operations Wet drilling / dust extractors will be adopted in drilling machine Afforestation over the exhausted mine pits Periodic health check up for the workers shall be done Maintenance of plantation of wide leaf trees and tall grass along approach roads and on

safety barrier zones surrounding the ML area Water tankers with spraying arrangement will be used for regular water sprinkling on the

haul roads to ensure effective dust suppression Haulage: Haul road will be maintained regularly Speed limits will be prescribed for transport vehicle Water will be sprayed daily on the roads by using water tankers Periodic maintenance of the trucks used for transport shall be done to reduce smoke

emissions Over filling/loading of tippers is avoided and thus spillage on the roads is restricted Ore carrying trucks will be effectively covered by tarpaulin to avoid escape of fines to the

ambient air. Controlling of SO2 & NOx Levels The source of SO2 & NOX would be due to vehicular emissions and running of DG set. This can be controlled by proper maintenance and servicing of vehicles and providing proper chimney height to the DG set. 8.3 NOISE CONTROL AND GROUND VIBRATION MANAGEMENT




The vibrations due to blasting will be minimized by careful planning, supervision and execution of each blast and using milli-second (MS) delay detonators & cord relays and proper stemming to prevent blow out of holes. Proper mitigation measures will be taken to reduce vibration. The ground vibration study will be undertaken after opening the mines and the program for ground vibration study shall be maintained. 8.3.1 Noise Control During mining, following steps will be taken to reduce noise generation: Controlled blasting using delay detonators will be practiced. Blasting will be so planned to minimize boulders, so that secondary blasting will be avoided. Green belt with trees of varying height will be maintained around the mine pits to attenuate

the noise. Standby DG set is likely to produce noise but this is stand by equipment and does not run

regularly. It will also be enclosed to minimise noise Selection of suitable machinery and equipment, proper mounting of equipment, providing

noise insulation/padding wherever practicable and machinery fitted with properly designed silencers

Limit the speed of haulage vehicles/tippers Proper maintenance of noise generating parts of the machine Provision of earmuffs to workers as a measure to protect their ears To carry out noise surveys during different seasons at the mine

8.4 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT The impacts of increase in traffic load from the proposed mine will be reduced by proper planning and implementation of the strict traffic guidelines. The following measures will be adopted to minimise the impacts of the increase in traffic density. The mineral transporting vehicles will be registered with the forest department and only

registered vehicles will be used for mineral transport. The PUC certificate for exhaust emissions for all the transport vehicles will be made

mandatory. All the vehicles will be properly maintained to control emissions and noise generation. Over-speeding and overloading of trucks will be strictly prohibited. The mineral transporting trucks will be properly covered with tarpaulin to avoid fugitive

emissions. Mineral transportation will be done only during day time on the forest roads. Footpaths, traffic signals, speed breakers, zebra crossing, etc will be provided at strategic

locations like near village habitations, sensitive places, etc. Strict action will be taken against any driver, who do not comply the traffic rules. 8.5 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT 8.5.1 Water Pollution Control Measures The work will be restricted to a moderate depth from the hill top. There is no perennial surface water body within or in the vicinity of the ML area. The only source of pollution from the mine will be the silt wash-off during monsoon. The measures proposed for control of water pollution are mentioned below:




No mining will be carried out during monsoon season i.e. in June to September months Construction of thick parapet wall of appropriate dimension along slopes within the ML area

to arrest silt wash off. Construction of garland drain, surrounding the mine area and diverting surface run-off into

a series of settling ponds with baffles, for sediments settling. For this settling tank, to enhance the settling rate coagulants like Alum will be added.

Construction of series of check dams, gully plugs, pit and filter beds to arrest the silt and their regular maintenance & cleaning

The check dams and the settling tank will be periodically de-silted before the onset of monsoon

Plantation of local varieties of flora species, along the drains and over the inactive mine pits, so that there will be fast and healthy growth of vegetation

The bauxite does not contain any toxic substance, which can dissolve and pollute water quality. To prevent the suspended particles joining the natural stream in the area, construction of check dams, gully plugging and toe retention walls will go long way in arresting any silt wash off from the mine lease area.

Domestic effluent will be discharged in septic tank and soak pits. 8.5.2 Water Conservation Plan Groundwater Recharge with Rainwater Harvesting in ML area No mining will be carried out during monsoon season. The rainwater from the mine lease area will be collected in mine pits for settling and only properly settled excess water will be discharged outside the ML area. The pit water will be allowed to seep in ground thereby recharging the ground water table. Open drains will be made to collect the surface run-off from the slopes in the mine lease area as well as from dumps which will be diverted into settling ponds through Check dams, gully checks. The retarded flow and water spread over a wide area for longer duration shall enable to recharge ground water in significant quantities. Rainwater harvesting in nearby villages Rainwater harvesting structures will also be constructed in the nearby villages at strategic locations in consultation with the corresponding gram panchayats for improving the ground water table of the area. 8.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT There is no top soil or overburden in the mine lease area. If some patches of top soil are observed, the same will be removed and will be directly used for plantation purpose. The entire mineral in the mine lease area will be consumed in the Alumina Refinery of the company and there will not be any waste generation. 8.7 LAND RECLAMATION Reclamation of mined out area is the most important activity of EMP. As a result of mining operation the original ground profile will be altered. The lease area is covered with laterite as overburden and topography of the area is in mound shape and top of the mound is in the form of plateau. Reclamation activity will commence only after complete extraction of bauxite deposit. Prior to that what ever overburden will be generated will be stacked along the lease boundary so that it can be used for reclamation purpose. The thickness of overburden is less




compared to the thickness of Bauxite in the area. For this reason it may not be possible to reclaim the area fully or overburden and it can be done partially which has been shown in Conceptual Plan. Reclamation operation will commence after taking full thickness of bauxite deposit in the area and obtaining permission from IBM. At the conceptual stage, the mine lease area will be covered with thick plantation and two surface water bodies. Thus, the conceptual stage land use of the mine lease area will be congenial to the surrounding environment. 8.8 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN The project proponent has carried out a detailed Flora-Fauna study of the Core and Buffer zone of the Mine lease area and prepared a detailed wildlife conservation plan for the same through a conservation expert. The flora and fauna conservation plan is prepared in consultation with the Forest department and the same shall be implemented to minimize any adverse impact due to mining operations. It is proposed to carry out plantations all along the plateau boundary upto a width of 7.5 m to develop a green belt so that dust arising out of the mining activities can be arrested by this green belt. The lease area is mostly covered with laterite and there is no thick tree growth in the mineralized area. It is proposed to have plantation surrounding the lease boundary in phased pattern surrounding the lease boundary in phased pattern to minimise land/ dump erosion. It is proposed to have plantation at the rate of 500 saplings per year. Plantation will be carried out by using local species. While selecting species for plantation the following factors will be considered:

Fertility of soil Wind velocity Climatic conditions Water availability Survival rate

Phase-wise plantation programme to be carried out in the mine lease area is given in Table 8.1.

Table 8.1: Phase-wise Plantation Programme (Area in Ha) S.No Year Nos

Survival Remarks

1 1st Year 500

80%

Along lease boundary, office Lease boundary, roadside, Static Dumps, Office site etc.,

2 2nd Year 500

3 3rd Year 500

4 4th Year 500

5 5th Year 500

Total 2500




Table 8.2: Types of Species Proposed for Revegetation

Shrub Species Herb Species Grass Species Trees Grewia tenax Abutilon fruticosa Aristida funiculate Glyricidia Grewia villosa Boerharia verticillata Sporobolus diander Leucaena leucocephala Mimosa hamata Celosia argentea Cenchrus setigerus Alstonia scholaris) Rhus mysorensis Corchorus depressus Aristida adscensionis Eucalyptus

Cardia sp. Dicoma tomentosa Desmostachya bipinnata

Casurina equisetifolia

Capparis sp. Euphoria orbiculata Aplusa mutica Acacia nilotica Barleria prionitis Indigofera tinctoria Cenghrus ciliris Ficus hispida Aerva javanica Pulicharia withtiana Chloris vargaata Buchananea latifolia

Crotolaria sp. Sita ovata Censhrus sp. Bauhinia gareigate

Fagonia cretica Tehorosia uniflora Eragrostris cilianensis Anacandium occidentale Abutilon fruticosa

Indigofera parviflora Acacia catechu

Clerodnedron Paspalum sp. Albizza lebbek Momosa hamata Setaria verticillata Bombox ceiba Rhus mysorensis Barleria acanthoides Cassia siamea As large portions of the MLA will be rehabilitated with vegetation and two water ponds, the mine closure plan will positively benefit the Flora of the lease area and effectively merge it with the back ground environment. Species for plantation will be selected as per the advice of local Forest Department, strict watch and ward will be provided, to stop indiscriminate felling of trees, and these will be continued till the life of the mine. Topsoil encountered, if any, incidental to mining will be utilized for plantation. The buffer-zone flora is undisturbed due to proposed production. Bringing awareness by conducting Environment week annually will help in reducing indirect impact on the Flora in the buffer-zone. As the mining activities are confined to lease area and fencing will be provided, there will not be any adverse effect due to increase in annual production, on the buffer-zone Fauna. 8.9 Socio-Economic Conditions Following impacts are anticipated on the socio economic and cultural environment:

Direct job creation for people during construction period Indirect economic development due to market multiplier effect Creation of infrastructure facilities Immigration of outside labour force Development of public hamlets Inducement of traffic congestion and road safety hazards

Following mitigating measures are proposed: Locals will be deployed during construction to the extent depending on their skills Effective public relations strategy will be maintained and the locals will be allowed to

use the developed infrastructure facility. There will be regular interaction with the locals to solve their problems




8.9.1 Measures to Improve Socio-Economic Conditions For the benefit of the community in the vicinity of the project, Kinanuru bauxite mine has been taking several measures to develop various amenities in an effort to improve standard of living, some of which are;

Table 8.3: Details of Corporate Social Responsibility

S. No. Description Amount in

Rs.

1 Construction of schools, infrastructure in govt. schools (especially toilets for the girls), health centre, community centers, village roads and Transportation

200000

2 Provide potable drinking water supply, village roads, drainage, development of parks, school buildings

300000

3 Regular Health checkup camps, medical camps, health awareness and logistic support, Ambulance facility

100000

4 Providing scholarships distributing books, bags cycles and adult literacy encourage women participation and girl child education.

50000

5 Empower disable people 50000

6 Formation and maintained of SHG groups for men and women 100000

7 Vocational trainings i.e. handcrafts, Embriding, tailoring making woolen products, mobile, electronic/electrical training etc.,

100000

8 Developing nursery plantation and development of social forestry 200000

9 Renovation/construction of temples and Arrange the Cultural activities and facilities in the nearby villages.

200000

Total 1300000

Following activities shall be undertaken as part of CSR: Primary health for the surrounding villages Regular medical camps would be held. Potable drinking water supply in villages Infrastructural facilities of nearby villages Prepare / Construction of roads and transportation nearby villages. Development of parks, plantation of trees in the nearby area To sponsor and support sports at regional and local level. Trainings to unemployed, educated local youth for personality development. Providing the training to local farming community in good agriculture practices Vocational trainings to for the unemployed villagers. Arrange the Cultural activities in the surrounding villages. 8.10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & HYGIENE The Health and Safety of the employees shall be given first priority during the mining Operation.

Providing a working environment that is conducive to health & safety. Extensive publicity and propaganda related to safety. Periodical health check ups Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water, etc.




First aid facility shall be provided at mine site. Training programme for First aid. In order to assess the health and hygiene, the following tests will be conducted once in 5

years by the project authority. For example, Blood, Urine, Chest X-Ray, PET, Lung Function Test, ECG, Audiometric, ENT.

Monitoring the effects of mining activities on safety and health and conducting regular performance reviews

Provision of necessary personal protective equipments Establishing and maintaining a system of medical surveillance for employees Ensuring employees at all levels to receive appropriate training and are competent to

carry out their duties and responsibilities. Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) Using engineering initiatives to reduce noise at source is the priority management tool. The hearing conservation programme includes the provision of Hearing Protection Devices (HPDs) and annual audiometry examination of all employees Apart from provision of HPDs, emphasis is also laid on training the employees responsibility to protect his/her hearing. Occupation Lung Diseases (OLD) There will be regular camps for all workers. Lung Function tests, chest X-rays etc shall be carried out and any health disorders will be evaluated. The budget is earmarked for the necessary protective devices and training needs by the management of the mine. HIV Prevention Programme Under Occupational Health and Safety programme information regarding HIV/AIDS and its related problems will be given free. Distribution of HIV controlling tools will be done with the help of local health centre. Budgetary provision for such type of programme is allocated under the expenditure required for OH & S. Malaria Eradication Programme Awareness programme will be started in the nearby villages, under proper guidelines of local government primary health centres. The programmes will mainly emphasise the following:

Do not allow the water to stagnate in and outside the inhabitation Use mosquito nets while sleeping To make a programme for Weekly pest control by spraying DDT through SHG’s in

association with Gram Panchayat. 8.11 BUDGET PROVISION FOR EMP After an in-depth examination of the environment management plan, the management has made a time specific budgetary cost allocation towards carrying out environmental related works on a continuous basis and the same is given below in Table 8.4. Necessary funds will be allocated towards Corporate Social Responsibility.




Table 8.4: Budgetary Estimation for Environmental Management (Rs in Lakh )

S.No Activity Capital cost Recurring cost

1

Environmental pollution control (Cost of Water tanker, water sprinkling, construction of check dams, gully plugs, etc)

30.00 10.00

2 Environmental monitoring 0 10.00 3 Green belt and afforestation 10.00 5.00 4 Occupational health and safety 12.00 7.50 5 Social & Economic welfare activities 16.00 12.00 6 Wild Life Conservation 5.00 3.00 7 Miscellaneous 2.00 2.00 Total 75.00 49.50

8.12 CONCLUSION The mining activities in proposed Kinanuru Bauxite Mine will lead to the sustainable development of the nearby areas. There will be development of road, educational, medical and infrastructural facilities in the area. The mining and allied activities will provide direct and secondary employment opportunities for local people. This will lead to the improvement of economic status of the nearby villages. The mining will also benefit the state Govt. by way of excise duty and revenue on mineral. During the active mining period, the pollution will be controlled within permissible limits by way of adopting various control and mitigation measures. In the post mining stage, the mine lease area will be developed into an afforested area and surface water reservoirs. This will improve the aesthetics of the area. A sum of Rs. 75.00 Lakhs as capital cost and Rs 49.50 Lakhs/annum as recurring budget for environmental protection have been proposed to achieve the environmental quality as desired. Hence, it can be summarized that the development of the mine will have a positive impact on the socio-economic environment of the area and will lead to sustainable development of the region.

Chapter 9: Disclosure of Consultants




CHAPTER 9: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

9.1 NAME OF THE CONSULTANTS:

9.1.1 BHAGAVATHI ANA LABS PRIVATE LIMITED (A Bureau Veritas Group Company)

Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt Limited (A Bureau Veritas Group Company) is a professional services company providing Environmental Consultancy, Environmental Engineering, Analytical and Quality testing, Water Resource studies, Technical Training and Enviro-legal services. Since inception in 1984, the company has completed number of projects spread all over India. The company has qualified and experienced staff of more than 100 people operating across seven offices in India. The Professionals and Technicians include Environmental Engineers, Environmental Scientists, Environmental Planners, Chemists, Mining Engineers, Geologists, Hydro-geologists, Economic and Social Science specialists etc. Bhagavathi Ana Labs Pvt Limited is an ISO 9001-2008 Company and is accredited by:

Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Govt. of India, New Delhi National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) as per

ISO/IEC 17025:2005, in Chemical, Mechanical & Biological Fields National Accreditation Board for Education & Training (NABET) accredited

Environmental Consultants by Quality Council of India Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), New Delhi Food safety and Standards Authority of India The firm has been engaged in the work of Environmental Impact Assessment studies, preparation of Environmental Management Plans (EMP) for the last 20 years for the purpose of obtaining clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forests.

Consultants Name & Address

M/s Bhagavathi Ana Labs Private Limited 7-2-C14, Industrial Estate, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad – 500 018




NABET CERTIFICATE




NABL CERTIFICATE




MoEF CERTIFICATE

Annexures

Environmental Appraisal Questionnaire Annexure - X

A-- 50 -

PROFORMA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF MINING PROJECTS

(MINING SECTOR PROJECTS)

Note 1: All information to be given in the form of Annex/s should be properly numbered and form part of reply to this proforma.

Note 2: Please enter √ in appropriate box where answer is Yes / No Note 3: No abbreviation to be used - Not available or Not applicable should be clearly

mentioned. Note 4: Core zone is the mining lease area. Buffer zone in case of ML area up to 25 ha is to be

considered as 5 km all around the periphery of the core zone and for ML area above 25 ha an area 10 km all around the periphery of the core zone.

Note 5: Adopt Scoping process in carrying out EIA study. Note 6 : Please indicate source of data.

1 General Information

(a) Name of the Project Kinanuru Bauxite Mine

(i) Name of the proponent M/s Ashapura Minechem Limited

Mailing address Mr. Rajnikant Pajwani 3rd Floor, 278, Jeevan Udyog Building, D.N. Road Mumbai – 400 001 Tel no. 66651700 Fax No: 22079395/22074452

E-Mail [email protected] / [email protected]

Telephone 022-66651700

Fax No. 022-22079395/22074452 (b) Objective of the project (c) Location of Mine (s)

Village Taluka District State

Kinanuru Hosadurga Kasargod Kerala

(d) Does the proposal relate to:

(i) New Mine No Yes√

(ii) Expansion Yes No

Increase in ML Area Yes No√

Increase in annual production

Yes No√

(iii) Renewal of ML Yes No√

(iv) Modernization Yes No√

(e) Site information

(i) Geographical Location

Latitude & Longitude Corner Latitude Longitude


A-- 51 -

Corner Latitude, N Longitude, E

1 12o19’26.94” 75o14’25.40”

2 12o19’32.71” 75o14’36.35”

3 12o19’31.98” 75o14’53.36”

4 12o19’39.43” 75o14’49.37”

5 12o19’42.04” 75o15’15.75”

6 12o19’26.62” 75o14’59.92”

7 12o19’10.65” 75o14’55.02”

8 12o19’1.89” 75o14’36.29”

Survey of India Topo sheet No. 48P/3, 48P/7

Elevation above Mean Sea Level

Lowest elevation 120mRL & Highest elevation 168mRL.

Total Lease Area (in ha.) 80.937 Ha

(ii) Dominant Nature of terrain

Flat Yes No√

Undulated Yes √ No

Hilly Yes√ No

2 Land usage of mining lease area (in Ha.)

(a) Agricultural (dry single crop land) -

(b) Forest

(c) Waste land (Govt. Land) 80.937

(d) Grazing -

(e) Surface water bodies -

(f) Other – waste land

Total 80.937

3 Indicate the seismic zone in which ML area falls. In case of Zone IV & V details of

earthquakes in the last 10 years : The mine lease area falls in Seismic Zone II indicating Low Damage Risk Zone (MSK VI or less) as per Seismic Zones of India Map IS1893-2002, BIS, GOI (a) Severity (Richter scale) Not Applicable

(b) Impact i.e. Damage to

Life Yes No√

Property Yes No√

Existing Mine Yes No√


A-52

Breakup of mining lease area (in Ha.) as per approved conceptual plan (at the end of plan period) (As per Modified Approved Scheme of Mining by IBM Vide Lr No: MSM/FM/06-ORI/BHU/2016-17/1697 dated 23.09.2016

S. No

Purpose Mining Lease Area

Total Area acquired Area to be acquired

Government Private Government Private Government Private Forest Others Agri. Others Forest Others Agri. Others Forest Others Agri. Others

1 Area to be excavated 24.720 24.720 - - - 24.720 - -

2 Storage for top soil - - - - -

3 Overburden / Dumps

3.60

3.60

- - - 3.60

- -

4 Mineral storage 0.400 0.400 - - - 0.400 - -

5

Infrastructure (Workshop, Administrative

bldg.)

0.100

0.100

-

-

-

0.100

-

-

6 Roads 0.800 0.800 - - - 0.800 - - 7 Railways - - - - -

8 Green belt/Afforestation

3.250

3.250

- - - 3.250

- -

9 Tailing pond - - - - -

10 Safety zone - - - - -

11 ETP 12 COB Plant - - - - -

13 Others – Check dam & retention walls

0.270 0.270 - - - 0.270 - -

Area unutilized 47.797 47.797 - - - 47.797 - - TOTAL 80.937 80.937 - - - 80.937 - -

.


A-53

5 Town Ship - No township exists within the mine lease area.. Most of the workers will be coming from nearby villages. Staff colony established within the lease area (a) Total Area None (b) No. of Dwelling Units None

(c) Distance from mine site Not applicable

6 Distance of water bodies (in kms)

Distance from River Bank Other Water bodies* Sea/creek/lake/Nallah

etc. (specify)

Mine Lease Boundary None Karyamkod Puzha 4.8 km Maloth Puzha 5.4 km Perumbatta Chal 6.7 km Perumbatta Puzha 5.9 km Madikal Puzha 3.7 km

Ancillary Facilities Nil Nil

(*from highest flood line/ high tide line)

7. For projects falling within the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ):

Whether the mineral to be mined is of rare nature and not available outside CRZ?

Yes No√

If yes, annex a scaled location map showing low tide line (LTL), high tide line (HTL) duly demarcated by one of the authorized agencies* [*Director, Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad: Centre for Earth Sciences Studies, Thiruvananthapuram: Institute of Remote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai: Institute of Wetland Management & Ecological Designs, KolKata: Naval Hydrographers’s Office, Dehradun: National Institute of Oceanography, Panjim, Goa: and National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai], boundary of mining lease area, distance of ML area from LTL and HTL CRZ boundary and CRZ classification of the project area as per the approved Coastal Zone Management Plan, and settlements, sand dunes, mangroves, forest land/patches, turtles breeding and nesting sites etc., if any, in the project area.

8. Indicate aerial distance from the periphery of core zone / area from the periphery of

the buffer zone to the boundary of following (up to10 km). S.

No. Areas Name

Aerial Distance (in km.) *Core Zone *Buffer Zone

1 National Park/Sanctuary

None - -

2 Biosphere Reserve / Tiger Reserve / Elephant Reserve / any other Reserve

None - -

3 Forest (RF / PF / unclassified)

Kinanur RF 3.4 km Malothu RF 6.6 km

3.4 km 6.6 km -

4 Habitat for migratory birds

None Not Applicable

Not Applicable

5 Corridor for animals of schedule I & II of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

None Not Applicable -

6. Archaeological sites *Notified * Others

None NA

Not Applicable


A-54

7. Defense Installation None - - 8. Industries / Thermal

Power Plants None

- -

9. Other Mines None 10. Airport Mangalore 100 km 11. Railway Lines Nileshwar Railway

Station (17 Km ) 17 km

12. National / State Highways

- Mine lease area is connected by a PWD

road from Nileshwar via Chayoth village.

15 km -

[*Buffer zone in case of ML area up to 25 ha. Is to be considered as 5 kms all around the periphery of the core zone and for ML area above 25 ha. an area 10 kms all around the periphery of the core zone] 10 km radius topographical Map of the study area is given in EIA report.

9. Description of flora and fauna separately in the core and buffer zones.* : Given in EIA report [* Consult the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as amended subsequently and list species with (1) Common name (2) Scientific name and (3) under which schedule of the Wildlife (Protection) Act the identified species fall. Get the list authenticated by an Expert in the field / credible scientific institute / University / Chief Wildlife Warden office. Information to be based on field survey.] A. Flora Core Zone Buffer Zone

1 Agricultural crops None

Paddy wheat, pigeon pea, & cereals

2 Commercial crops - Coconut-

3 Plantation - -

4 Natural vegetation / forest type

, Tropical Moist Mixed

deciduous 5 Grass lands - Present 6 Endangered species None None 7 Endemic species Nil Nil

8 Others (Specify) Nil Nil

B. Fauna

1 Total listing of faunal elements

Detailed list of fauna is provided EIA Report

2 Endangered species - None

3 Endemic species None None

4 Migratory species None None

5 Details of aquatic fauna, if applicable

- --


A-55

10 Details of mineral reserves (as per latest Modified Mining Scheme )

Geological Reserves

(a) Proved (111) 56.92 lakh tonnes

(b) Probable (122)

(c) Feasibility mineral resources (211)

(d) Measured mineral resource (331) -

(e) Indicated mineral resource (332) -

(f) Inferred mineral resource (333)

Total Reserves 56.92 lakh tonnes

11 Major Geological Formation/Disturbances in the mining lease area

(a) Geological maps submitted Yes√

No

(b) Geological sections submitted Yes√ No

(c) Contour map submitted Yes√

(d) Whether the presence, if any, noted of

(i) Faults Yes No√ (ii) Dykes Yes No√ (iii) Shear Zone Yes No√ (iv) Folds Yes No√ (v) Other weak zones Yes No√

(e) Source of data (indicate) Approved Mining plan

12 Production of Mineral (s) and Life of Mine

(a) Rated capacity of mine, mineral wise (tonnes/annum)

8.786 LTPA of Bauxite

(b) Life of mine at proposed capacity (years) 25 years

(c) Lease Period (years) 50 years

(d) Date of expiry of lease (D/M/Y) 50 years from execution

(e) Indicate In case of existing mines

(i) Date of opening of mine New Mine (ii) Production in the last five years. Nil (iii) Projected production for the next

5 years in tonnes 8.786 LTPA

(iv) Whether mining was suspended after opening of the mine

Yes No√

If yes, details thereof including last production figure and reason for the same

-Not applicable

(f) Whether plans & sections provided Yes√ No


A-56

13. Type and method of mining operations

Type Method

Opencast Yes √ Manual No

Underground Yes Semi- Mechanized No

Both Yes Mechanized Yes√

14. Ancillary Operations for mineral processing

(a) Existing None

(b) Additional None

15. Mine Details

(a) Opencast Mine

(i) Stripping ratio (mineral to overburden in m3)

0.11

(ii) Ultimate working depth (in m bgl) 6 – 8 m bgl

(iii) Indicate present working depth in case of existing mine (in m bgl)

20m bgl

(iv) Thickness of top soil (in m.) Already opened mine, no further topsoil generation expected

Minimum 0.1

Maximum 0.25

Average -

(v) Thickness of overburden (in m.) Only 10% mineral rejects

Minimum Not applicable

Maximum Not applicable

Average Not applicable

(vi) Mining Plan

Height and width of the bench in overburden / waste

Height 6m width >6m

Height & width of the bench in ore body/ coal seam.

Height 6m width >6m

Proposed inclination/ slope of the sides of the opencast mine (separately for overburden, coal/ore and overall slope of the pit sides) both while operating the mine as well as at the time of closure of the mine)

30°

Whether transverse sections across the opencast mine at the end of fifth year and at the end of the life of the mine have been submitted?

Yes No

(vii) Type of blasting, if any, to be adopted. Drilling will be carried out by compressed air operated DTH and blasting slurry ANFo explosives delay detonators etc

(b) Underground mine : NOT APPLICABLE

(i) Seam/ Ore body

Min. Depth (m)

Max. Depth (m)

Avg. thickness (m)

Rate of dip in degree


A-57

Direction of dip

(ii) Mode of entry into the mine

Shaft -

Adit -

Incline -

(iii) Details of Machinery -

On surface -

At face -

For transportation -

Others -

(iv) Method of stopping (metalliferrous mines) NOT APPLICABLE

Open -

Filled -

Shrinkage -

Caving

Combination of above

Others (specify)

(v) Extraction method

Caving

Stowing Yes

Partial extraction

(vi) Subsidence

Predicted max. Subsidence (in m.) NA

Max. Value of tensile strain (in mm/m)

Max. Slope change (in mm/m)

Whether identified possible subsidence area(s) superimposed on Surface Plan has been submitted/

No

Major impacts on surface features like natural drainage pattern, houses, buildings, water bodies, roads, forest etc.

none

Salient features of subsidence management (monitoring and control)

NA

16. Surface drainage pattern at mine site

(a) Whether the pre-mining surface drainage plan

submitted? Yes√ No

(b) Do you propose any modification/ diversion in the

existing natural drainage pattern at any stage? If yes,

when. Provide location map indicating contours,

dimensions of water body to be diverted, direction of

flow of water and proposed route/ changes, if any i.e.

realignment of river/nallah/ any other water body

falling within core zone and its impact.

Yes No√


A-58

17 Embankment and / or weir construction

(a) Do you propose, at any stage, construction of

(i) Embankment for protection against flood? Yes No√

(ii) Weir for water storage for the mine? Yes No√

(b) If so, provide details thereof. Not Applicable

(c) Impact of embankment on HFL and settlement around Not Applicable

(d) Impact of weir on down stream users of water. Not Applicable

18. Vehicular traffic density (outside the ML area)

Type of vehicles No. of vehicles (trips) per day

(a) Existing 2 wheelers, buses etc

15

(b) After the proposed activity Trucks & tippers 200

(c) Whether the existing road network is adequate? If no, provide details of alternative proposal?

Yes√ No

19. Loading, transportation and unloading of mineral and waste rocks on surface:

(a) Manual Yes No √ (b) Tubs, mine cars, mine haulage etc. Yes No√

(c) Scraper, shovels, dumpers/ trucks. Yes√ No (d) Conveyors (belt, chain, etc.) Yes No√ (e) Others (Slurry pipeline) Yes

20. Mineral(s) transportation outside the ML area (max) :

Qty. in (TPD) Percentage (%)

Length (in km)

(a) Road 29286 100% 60 km

(b) Rail

(c) Conveyors

(d) Rope way

(e) Water ways

(f) Pipeline

(g) Others (Specify) - -

Total 100% -


A-59

21. Baseline Meteorological and Air Quality data

(a) Micro-meteorological data - Study Period – summer season 2014 (Continuous monitoring through autographic instrument for one full season other than monsoon)

(i) Wind rose pattern for one full season (16 points of compass i.e. N, NNE, NE, - - -) based on 24-hourly data. For coastal area also furnish day-time and night time data.

Day time

Night time 24 hourly windrose diagram for the study period is given in Chapter 3 in EIA/EMP report

24 – hours period (ii) Site specific monitored data

Month Wind speed (m/s) Temperature (oC) Relative Humidity (%) Rain Fall * (mm) Cloud Cover * (Octas of sky)

Mean Max. % of calm

Mean (Dry Bulb)

Highest Lowest Mean Highest Lowest Total 24-hours

highest

No. of rainy days

Mean

Mar 14

1.61 6.3 19

27.5 35.3 19.4 74 80 72 - - - -

Apr-14 26.4 35.3 21.3 75 80 70 - - - -

May-14 23.3 37.2 22.5 75 78 72 - - - - * 24- hours rainfall should be reported from 08:30 hrs. IST of previous day to 08:30 hrs. IST of the day.

* Rainy day is considered when 24 hrs. Rainfall is > 2.5 mm.

** Visual observations of cloud cover should be recorded four times a day at regular intervals.

(iii) Indicate name and distance of the nearest IMD meteorological station from which climatological data have been obtained for reporting in the EIA report, if any.

None


A-60

(b) Ambient air quality data* (RPM, SPM, SO2, and NOx) [*Monitoring should be carried out covering one full season except monsoon – same season as in 21 (a) (i)] [*Frequency of sampling: Sampling to be done twice a week for the entire season 24 hourly for SPM & RPM. For gaseous pollutants 24- hourly data be given irrespective of the sampling period. ]. (i) Season and period for which monitoring has been carried out. : summer 2014

NAME OF MONITORING EQUIPMENT USED PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX PB**

Respirable Dust Sampler Equipment sensitivity Permissible AAQ standard R (CPCB) I S

100 60 80 80 1.0 100 60 80 80 1.0 100 60 80 80 1.0

Monitoring Location

No. of Samples Drawn

Category* Min. Max. 98% tile

Min. Max. 98% tile

Min. Max. 98% tile

Min. Max 98% tile

Min. Max 98% tile

CORE ZONE ML Area 24 I 14.92 36.7 35.96 4.72 12.42 12.29 3.02 8.19 8.14 4.42 12.66 12.52 - - -

Varanjuru 24 I 32.86 47.28 46.54 11.17 19.56 18.21 7.56 12.23 11.30 6.59 14.84 13.42

Ettupottipada 24 I 20.08 34.96 34.52 5.18 12.19 8.45 4.01 8.52 8.34 3.51 10.71 10.52

Chal 24 I 16.32 39.0 38.3 5.79 13.85 13.79 3.97 8.80 8.50 4.21 12.49 12.29

Attakadu 24 I 25.33 48.05 47.01 9.48 17.01 16.40 5.09 11.13 10.62 5.81 13.58 13.37

Kamadam 24 R 26.97 47.37 46.89 8.95 16.25 16.13 4.85 9.70 9.56 9.10 13.74 13.60 - - -

Mayyanganam 24 R 22.54 43.85 42.54 8.02 15.65 15.0 4.94 10.1 9.88 5.33 15.14 14.76 - - -

Periyanganam 24 R 27.96 51.46 50.78 10.3 18.5 18.1 6.46 12.5 12.2 6.82 16.8 16.5 - - -

Puttukkunnu 24 R 25.23 49.04 48.81 9.09 17.64 17.42 4.10 8.85 8.71 5.86 12.44 12.30 - - -

Muppu 24 R 31.93 49.00 48.96 11.60 17.35 17.09 7.17 10.65 10.65 7.44 14.27 14.18 - - -

*R = Residential; I = Industrial; S = Sensitive. **Pb for mineral specific sites only. # Annex a location map indicating location of AAQ stations (enclosed in EIA report), their direction and distance with respect to project site.


A-61

22. Stack and emission details, if any* : No stacks proposed in ML Area

Sl. No.

Process / unit of operation (e.g. DG Set, Boiler)

Height of

stack (m)

Internal top dia.

(m)

Flue gas exit

velocity (m/sec)

Emission rate (kg/hr) Heat emission rate from top

of stack (kcal/hr)

Exhaust / Flue gas SPM SO2 NOx CO Temp

OC Density Specific

Heat Volumetric

flow rate (Nm3/hr.)

Existing : None

Proposed: None

23 Details of fugitive emissions during mining

operations * Fugitive emissions during excavation and transportation activities

24 Air Quality Impact Prediction (AQIP)*

(a) Details of model(s) used for AQIP including grid size, terrain features, and input meteorological data

ISC AERMOD VIEW Uniform Polar Grid of 100m & 100m Interval Rural terrain Meteorological Data of Winter Season 2013 - 14

(b) Maximum incremental GLC values of pollutants based on prediction exercise (in µg/m3)

S.No. Pollutants Incremental Value Ambient Air Quality Resultant Air Quality

1. PM10 Core zone 9.67 36.0 45.67

Buffer zone 0.015 49 49.015

[* Question Number 22, 23 & 24 need not be filled in for mines having ML area of 25 ha. or less]

[** Information on item no. 2 & 3 to be provided in cases with captive power generation of 500 KVA and above]


A-62

25. Water Requirement (m3/day)

Purpose Average Demand

A. Mine site 1 Dust suppression 20.00

2 Plantation 3.00

3 Domestic 2.00

4 Workshop

5 Beneficiation plant

Total 25 m3/day

26 Source of water supply *

S. No. Source m3/day

1 River

2 Ground water 25

3 Mine water (sump / pit) -

4 Other surface water bodies - [*Annex a copy of sanction letter from the concerned authority (Central Ground Water Authority in case of ground water abstraction is from notified area/ State Ground Water Board in case of non-notified area/ State Irrigation Department for surface water pumping) for drawing water.]

27 Lean season flow in case of pumping from

river/ nalla (cumecs) NA

28 Ground water potential of the study area: (Hydrogeological Study report is

enclosed as Annexure of EIA & EMP Report 28.1 Ground water availability :

(a) Range of water table (m bgl)

(i) Pre- monsoon (April/ May)

Core Zone 15 - 20m bgl

Buffer Zone 15 - 20m bgl

(ii) Post-monsoon (November)

Core Zone 15 - 20m bgl

Buffer Zone 15 - 20m bgl

(b) Total annual replenishable recharge (million m3/ year)

By ground water table fluctuation method NA

By rainfall infiltration factor method NA

(c) Annual draft excluding estimated draft through mine discharge (million m3/ year)

NA

(d) Estimated draft through mine discharge (million m3/ year)

NA

(e) Net annual ground water availability (million m3/ year)

NA

(f) Stage of ground water development in % 71%

Source: Ground Water Information, Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources, Govt of India, Kerala


A-63

28.2 Water demand – Competing users of the water source

S. No.

Usage Present

Consumption (m3/day)

Additional proposed as per local plan

(m3/day)

Total (m3/day)

Surface Ground Surface Ground Surface Ground 1 Domestic NA NA NA 25 NA 25 2 Irrigation NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 Industry (excluding

SMC) NA NA NA NA NA NA

4 Mining - - - - - - 5 Others (Live stock) NA NA NA NA NA NA

Total NA NA NA 25 NA 25 (NA: information Not Available)*Pit discharge 29 Water quality*

(a) Physico-chemical analysis of water at intake point ** : Detailed water quality results are given in Chapter 3 of EIA report

(b) In case of existing mine, annex report on quality of water discharge : i.e. complete physico - chemical analysis** There is no effluent discharge from the mine

[*For non-discharging mines at least four ground water samples to be taken preferably from downstream direction of the mine in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods and analyzed. For discharging mines six samples are to be analyzed] **All parameters as per BIS 10500. Indicate name of Methodology, Equipment used for analysis, and Detection Level (DL) for each parameter. *** Wherever any analytical parameter is below detection level, “BDL” (Below Detection Level) should be written instead of ‘NIL’.

30 Impact on ground water regime / stream / lake / springs due to mine dewatering *

(a) Radius of influence (in m) [To be estimated based on analysis of pumping test data and application of empirical formula]

Not applicable

(b) Whether saline water ingress will take place? (applicable to coastal areas)

Yes No√

(c) Impact on stream / lake / springs Yes No√

[* Provide a comprehensive hydro-geological assessment report if the average mine dewatering is more than 100 m3/day and or going below water table in non-monsoon period. The report should be based on preferably latest one year pre-monsoon and post-monsoon baseline data covering information on ground water situation, aquifer characteristics, water level conditions (April – May and November), estimate of ground water resources, predicted impact of the project on ground water regime and detailed remedial / conservation measures such as artificial recharge of ground water etc. The report should be based on actual field inventory out of existing wells, at least 30 observation wells in the buffer zone with supplementary information from secondary sources (mention name). For estimation** of ground water resource (refer question no. 28 above) be designated study area of the buffer zone may be sub-divided into command and non-command areas, watershed-wise (in case of hard rock / consolidated formations) / block-wise / mandal-wise in case of alluvial / unconsolidated formations)] [**For estimating ground water resources in the area follow the Ground Water Estimation Committee recommendations of 1997]


A-64

31 Waste Water Management NOT APPLICABLE

MINE (a) Daily average discharge (m3/day) from different sources

(i) Mine water discharge during Lean Period -

Monsoon Period -

(ii) Workshop - (iii) Domestic 1.2

(iv) Beneficiation /Washeries -

(v) Coal Handling Plant -

(vi) Tailing pond - (vii) Others - Total 1.2

(b) Wastewater Treatment plant; flow sheet for treatment process attached

Yes No√

(c) Quantity of water recycled / reused / to be recycled in

(i) Percentage -

(ii) M3/day -

(d) Point of final discharge

Final Point Quantity discharged (in m3/day)

1 Surface

(i) Agricultural land Nil

(ii) Waste land Nil (iii) Forest land Nil (iv) Greenbelt Nil

2 River/nallah Nil 3 Lake Nil 4 Sea Nil 5 Others (Septic Tank and Soak pit )

(evaporation/mining pit refilling) 1.2

(e) Users of Discharge water (i) Human Yes No√ (ii) Livestock Yes No√ (iii) Irrigation Yes No√ (iv) Industry Yes No√ (v) Others (specify) None

(f) Details of the river / nalla, if final effluent is / will be discharged (cumecs)

Not applicable

(i) Average flow rate Nil

(ii) Lean Season Flow rate Nil

(iii) Aquatic Life Nil

(iv) Analysis of river water 100 m upstream and 100 meters downstream of discharge point submitted

Yes No

TOWNSHIP : Not applicable

(a) Wastewater generation from township (m3/day) Not Applicable


A-65

(b) Are you planning to provide sewage treatment plant Yes No√

(c) Usage of treated water NA

32 Attach water balance statement in the form of a flow diagram

indicating source (s), consumption (Section – wise) and output.

Given in EIA Chapter 2

33 Ambient noise level leq dB(A) (Noise level monitoring

location Map is given in EIA Report in Chapter 3) . Noise levels, dB(A)

Location of sampling station Day Time

Night Time

A Core zone N1 Ml Area 49.6 44.0

B Buffer Zone N2 Varanjuru 50.7 44.9

N3 Ettupottipada 54.8 44.9

N4 Chal 48.8 43.9

N5 Attakadu 52.4 44.1

N6 Kamadam 54.9 44.9

N7 Mayyanganam 53.4 46.2

N8 Periyanganam 54.7 43.5

N9 Puttukkunnu 48.8 43.9

N10 Muppu 51.2 44.1


A-66

34 Solid waste :

(a) Top soil and solid waste quantity and quality : .

Name (Lump/fines/slurry/ Sludge/others)

Composition Quantity (m3/month)

Method of disposal

Mining activity* a. Top Soil

No top soil generation

0

b. Over burden Only laterite and mineral rejects

570 Due to mining operation there will be generation of -10mm size bauxite chips and fines has no industrial use and considered as rejects. This will be stacked separately. At present it is proposed part of the rejects material will be used for road making purpose

c. Others (specify)

Not Applicable

Effluent Treatment Plant (sludge)

Not Applicable

Total 570

[*Annex layout plan indicating the dump sites.]

(b) (i) Does waste (s) contain any hazardous/toxic

substance/radioactive materials or heavy metals Yes No√

(ii) If yes, whether details and precautionary measures provided

NA

(c) Recovery and recycling possibilities None

(d) Possible user(s) of solid waste -

(e) (i) Is the solid waste suitable for backfilling Yes

(ii) If yes, when do you propose to start back filling After the scheme period

Solid waste (s)

million m3 % to be backfilled

Already accumulated

(A)

To be generated (B)

A

B

Over burden

Nil 0.1193 NA Road making

Others Top soil

Used for plantation - 100% -

Land reclamation plan (f) Incase waste is dumped on the ground,

indicate

(i) Associated environmental problems

Silt wash off during monsoon affecting surface waters

(ii) Number & type of waste dumps

No of external dumps 1


A-67

Max. Projected height of dumps (in m)

10m

No. of terraces and height of each stage

1 No terraces of 10m each

Overall slope of the dump (degree) <30°

Proposed reclamation measures Backfilling after scheme period and reclamation & plantation

(iii) Section of waste dump in relation to the adjacent ground profile attached

Yes√ No

35 Fuel / Energy requirements*

[*To be furnished for mines having ML area more than 25 ha. or captive power generation of 500KVA and above]: (a) Total power requirement In MW

S. No.

Mine Site Township Others (specify)

Total

1 Present N/A N/A NA

2 Proposed / additional

0.5 N/A N/A 0.5

Total 0.5 N/A N/A 0.5

(b) Source of Power SEB/GRID Captive power plant DG sets (Standby) 1 Present - - - 2 Proposed /

additional

0.5 -

Total 0.5 -


A-68

(c) Details of fuels S.No. Fuel Daily Consumption (tpd) Calorific

Value (kcal/kg)

% Ash

% Sulphur Existing Proposed

1 HSD 5000 9600 -- 0.04

2 LSHS 3 Other (specify)

36 Storage of inflammable/explosive material

S.No. Name Number of storages Consumption Maximum Quantity

storage at any point of time

1 Fuels 1 5000 lt 10 KL 2 Explosives 1 500 kg 5T

37 Human Settlement

Core Zone Buffer Zone Population* - 155319 No. of villages - 15 Number of households village-wise - 38253 [* As per 2011 census record or actual survey]

38 Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R&R) Plan* No resettlement involved [*Provide a comprehensive rehabilitation plan, if more than 1000 people are likely to be displaced, other-wise a summary plan] (a)

Core zone Villages Number Name

500 m from the blasting site (s) - - Buffer zone Township site - -

(b) Details of village(s) in the core zone :

S. No. Village name

Population* Average Annual Income

Tribal Others 1 - - - [*As per 2011 census / actual survey]

(c) Population to be displaced and/or land oustees : Not applicable

Name of village(s) falling within

Number of oustees

Land (only) Homestead (only)

Land and Homestead

(both) - -

(d) Whether R&R package has been finalized? If yes, salient features of R&R plan for oustees.

Not Applicable


A-69

(i) Site details where the people are proposed to be resettled & facilities existing / to be created.

There is no resettlement involved in the project..

(ii) Funds earmarked for compensation package

Not applicable as no Resettlement involved. “

(iii) Agency /Authority responsible for their resettlement.

Not applicable

(iv) Time of commencement of resettlement of Project Affected People (PAP)

Not applicable

(v) Period by which resettlement of PAP will be over.

Not applicable

39 Lease – wise plantation details

(a) Lease area (in ha.) Existing mine New Mine

(i) Area broken up (ii) To be broken 29.89

(iii) Area not to be broken up 51.047

(b) Township area (in ha.)

(c) Area afforested and proposed (in ha.)

Peripherals/

Roads/pit Dumps Township Others (Green

belt/Afforestation/ top soil)

Total

(i) Existing - (ii) Proposed 16.70 3.6 0.270 20.57

Total 16.70 3.6 0.270 20.57

(d) No. and type of trees planted and proposed

(i) Existing :

When plantation was started Month/Year

Not applicable

No. of species planted Nil

Survival rate (%) NA Avg. height (m)

-

(ii) Proposed

No. of plant species to be planted Number of saplings (per ha.)

28 - 30 1500 – 2000

40 Environmental Health and safety

(a) What major safety and health problems are anticipated?

Accidents, exposure to dust,

(b) What provisions have been made/proposed to be made to conform to health and safety requirements?

Provision of personal protective equipment’s, maintaining safe working conditions, providing periodic training on safety and health.

(c)

In case of existing mine:

(i) Comprehensive report on health status of the workers as under the Mines Act annexed

Yes NO√


A-70

(ii)

Mineralogical composition of RSPM (dust) -

Free silica <0.01% SiO2

Chromium* (Total as well as Hexavalent)

Lead** NA

[* Only for Chromite mines] [**Only for Base Metal mines]

(d) Information on radiation protection measures, if applicable.

NA

41 Environmental Management Plan

Salient features of environmental protection measures

S.no Environmental

issues* Already

practiced, if applicable

Proposed

1 Air pollution NA Water sprinkling on roads, plantation along roads and backfilled area, regular maintenance and emission checks for mining machinery

2 Water pollution NA discharge, disposal of Domestic wastewater in septic tanks and soak pits, provision of check dams/ garland drains to arrest silt wash off.

3. Water conservation

NA Rain water harvesting and conserving the ground water usage

4. Noise pollution NA Provision of effective silencers to vehicles and HEMM, thick green belt around mine lease area

5. Solid waste / Tailings

NA Surface dumping, backfilling in mined out pits and stabilization

6. Land degradation

NA Reclamation of degraded land

7. Erosion & Sediment

NA Construction of garland drains and check dams at strategic locations. Plantation on broken up area to control erosion

8. Top soil NA There will be no top soil generation. However, if any encountered will be utilized for plantation activities

9. Wildlife conservation

NA Wild life conservation plan is included in the report and suggested measures will be implemented

10. Others (specify) None None

[* As applicable]

42 Compliance with Environmental safeguards :

(a) Status of the compliance of conditions of environmental clearance issued by MoEF, if any, enclosed.

Yes No√

(b) Status of the compliance of ‘Consent to Operate’ issued by SPCB, if any, enclosed.

Yes No√

(c) Latest 'environmental statement' enclosed Yes No√

43 Scoping of EIA


A-71

Whether environmental impact assessment of the project has been carried out by following scoping process?

Yes√ No

If yes, a copy of scoping of EIA annexed. TOR issued by MoEF is given in EIA report.

44 Mine closure

(a) Have you planned mine closure? Yes√ No

(b) Submitted a conceptual mine closure plan Yes√ No

(c) If yes, indicate estimated amount for implementing the same (in Rs. lakh)

Rs 15.00 Lakhs

45 Capital cost of the project (in Rs. Lakh) (Based on latest estimate)

Rs200.00 Lakhs

46 Cost of environmental protection measures in Rs. Lakhs S. No Capital cost Annual recurring cost

Existing Proposed Existing Proposed 1 Environmental Pollution

Control 30.00 10.00

2 Environmental Monitoring 0 10.00

3 Green belt and afforestation

10.00 5.00

4 Occupational health & safety

12.00 7.50

5 WL Conservation 5.00 3.00

6 Miscellaneous 2.00 2.00

Total 59.00 37.50

47 Amount earmarked for socio-economic welfare measures for the nearby villages other than R&R plans

Capital cost Rs 16.00 lakhs Recurring cost Rs 12.00 lakhs


A-72

48 Public Hearing : (Enclosed in EIA Report)

(a) Date of Advertisement

(b) Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared

(c) Date of public hearing (DD/MM/YYYY) (d) Public Hearing Panel chaired by &

members present

(e) No. of people attended the public hearing meeting and number of people from the lease area

>500 people

(f) Summary/details of public hearing in tabular form

Issues raised by the Public Response/Commitment of

Project Proponents Suggestions made by the Public

Hearing Panel The details of issues raised by the public and response given by the project proponent are given in the EIA report.

49 Whether the following approvals* (wherever applicable) have been obtained?

(i) Site clearance from MoEF TOR Yes No

(ii) Consent for Establishment’ from the State Pollution Control Board

Yes No√

(iii) NOC from Atomic Mineral division Yes No√

(iv) Mining plan approval from IBM / Ministry of Coal

Yes√ No

(v) In case of existing mines, mining scheme approval from IBM

Yes No√

(vi) Forestry clearance under FCA, 1980 Yes No√

(vii) NOC from Chief Controller of Explosives

Yes No. √

(viii) Commitment regarding availability /pumping of water from the concerned Authorities

Yes No√

(ix) In case of ML area falling in notified areas of the Central Ground Water Authority, NOC from them

Yes No. Not applicable

[* Annex copies of approvals and number them]

50 Was / is there any court case relating to the project or related

activities? If so, provide details present status.

No


A-73

Verification Page: The data and information given in this proforma are true to the best of

my knowledge and belief Date: : Place:

Name Designation Address Telephone No Fax No

[*Owner of his authorized signatory]

Given under the seal of orgaisation on behalf of whom the applicant is signing

m̂ : General: 0471- 2312910, 2318153, 2318154, 2318155 Chairman: 2318150 Member Secretary: 2318151

E-mail: [email protected] FAX: 0471-2318134, 2318152 web: www.keralapcb.nic.in

KERALA STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD cebg3 mmm.m3m maflm1® ► (oam mlac(Yrna n e6nJ3((UY

Pattom P.O., Thiruvananthapuram — 695 004 r,jqo nJ1.i., UM lru bo - 695 004

PCB/HO/KSGD/PH/14318/2014 Date :09.08.2017

From

The Member Secretary

To The Additional Director Ministry of Environment , Forests & Climate Change, Paryavaran Bhavan, CGO Complex, Lodhi Road New Delhi-110 003

r ,

Sub:- Public Hearing for the Kinanuru Bauxite & Aluminous Laterite Mine of M/s Ashapura Minechem Ltd,Kasargod, Kerala.

Ref:- (1) Letter No. PCB/f1O/KSGD/l'H/ 14318/2014 dated 23.01.2015 from this office

(2)Letter No. Nil dated 29.06.2017 received from M/s Ashapura Minechem Limited

(3) Letter No. PCB/HO/KSGD/PH11 4318/2014 dated 03.07.2017 from this office

Sir, In continuation to this office letter cited 1st, M/s Ashapura

Minechem Ltd has submitted an application vide letter cited 2 nd , for

conducting public hearing based on the Hon'ble High Court Order in

WP(C) NO.5639 of 2017(D). Public hearing on the above case was

scheduled on 5/8/2017 at Nileshwar l3lock Panchayath Hall, Kasargod,

after carrying out the formalities related to Public hearing including

advertisement on Public hearing in 3 local dailies in consultation with

District Collector, Kasargod.

On 5/8/2017 the officials of the Board along with the District

Collector were blocked on the way to the venue by a huge crowd which

comes to about 2000 people. The [)trict Collector explained to the

people about the need for the hearing, But the crowd did not allow the

District Collector and officials of the Board to enter in the venue. The

District Collector was forced to retreat in order to maintain law and order

of the place. Hence the Public Hearing couldn't be conducted. The Board

has filed a petition against the protesters before the Circle Inspector of

Police, Nileshwar for obstructing the officials authorised to carry out the

duties and based on the same a case was registered as Crime No. 419/17

at the Police Station, Nileshwar. The detailed reports of the events, audio/

video CD of the public protest are enclosed for further necessary action.

Yours faithfully,

Member Secretary (i/c)

Copy to:

(1) The District Collector Kasargod

(2) The Chief Conservator of Forests(Central) Ministry of Environment & Forests Kendriya Sadan, 4th Floor, E&F Wing, II Block, Korarnangal a, Bengaluru-560 034

(3) The Secretary, Kinanuru Karinthal am Grama Panchayath, Kasargod

(4hief Executive Officer Ashapura Minechem Limited 278, D.N.Road, Jeevan Udyog Building, 3 floor. Fort, Mumbai-400 001

(5) The Chief Environmental Engineer Regional Office, Kozhikode

(6) Environmental Engineer District Office,Kasargod

Report on Public Hearing which could not be carried out due to Public

protest on the proposed mining project for the production of 8.786 lakh

ton/annum of Bauxite and aluminus laterite from Kinanoor village of

Kasrgod District by Ashapura Mine Chem. (P) Ltd. at 10.30 am on

Saturday, 05.08.2017.

Ashapura Mine Chem. P Ltd has submitted an application before the Kerala State

Pollution Control Board to conduct Public Hearing as part of obtaining environmental

clearance for the mining project for producing 8.786 lakh ton Bauxite and Aluminus

Latcritc from an area 80.961 Hectares of land bearing Survey No. 198(Pt) at Kinanoor

village in Vellarikundu Taluk of Kasargod District.

Although Advertisement was given one month in advance in major news papers

regarding the conducting of Public Hearing on 18.12.2014 and complied with all the

procedures regarding Public Hearing, but as per the letter dated 12.12.2014 of the District

Collector Kasargod the Public Hearing was postponed to 20.01.2015. Since a public

protest was mounting, the District Collector convened a meeting on 13.01.2015 ensuring

the representation of various political parties. Representatives of various political parties

and Ashapura Mine Chem. (P) Ltd attended this meeting. In this meeting certain defects in

the EIA report were pointed out. Based on the decision of this meeting the District

Collector by the letter dated 15.01.2015 recommended the Member Secretary of the

Board to cancel the Public Hearing proposed on 20.01.2015. Based on this

recommendation the Member Secretary of the Board cancelled the Public hearing and

instructed the company to submit a revised EIA report as per the order dated 17.01.2015.

This was communicated to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change by

letter dated 23.01.2015. The Ashapura Mine Chem. (P) Ltd. filed a petition as WP(C) No.

5639/2017(D) before the Hon'ble High Court of Kerala against the Public Hearing being

not carried out. The Hon'ble High Court of Kerala delivered a Judgment on 09.06.2017 in

this petition. The following are the instructions in this Judgment.

T1

r

is court is of the opinion that it is impeyaJve and in the interest of the local public that

h a Public Consultation is held. The pollution Control Board shall, hence, convene a

)hc meeting as expeditiously as possible, with due notice as provided under EIA

notification and the District Collector shall ensure the smooth conduct of such public

hearing based on draft ELA report. it is trite to observe in the nature of the controversy,

that the EIA report is not the final EIA report, This is only a draft report to assist the EAC to

draw up and frame the modalities of the Environmental Clearance, which has to be

independently appraised and assessed by such committee. It is , hence, imperative that

the obcctions of the local people are also placed before the committee prior to such

further appraisal by the committee. Kerala State Pollution Control Board shall ensure that

the Public notification is made within a period of one month from the date of receipt of

the certified copy of the Judgment." Based on the Judgment advertisement was given in

the following National dailies on 04.07.2017 to conduct the Public Hearing on 05.08.2017.

1. Malayala Manorama

2. rvlathrubhumi

3. The Hindu

Apart from this copy of draft EIA reports and its executive summary were made available

in the following offices and the website of the Board (keralapcb.nic.in )

1. District Industries Centre, Kasargod

2. Office of District Panchayath, Kasargod

3. 1 aluk office, Vellarikkund

4. Kinanoor Karintahiam Grama panchayath office

S. Department of Environment Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram

No written complaints was received in the Board during this one month period.

ftc reports that there will be public protest against the proposed public hearing

which appeared in the print/visual media, was brought to the notice of District Collector.

Based on the same adequate security arrangements were taken by the District Collector.

The District Collector and officials reached the venue of the Public Hearing

with Police escort in the wake of 1uihlrc protest. Police protection was also arranged for

the representatives of Ashapura Mine Chem (P) Ltd. who were present. When the team

led by District Collector arrived rn,u the venue of the Public Hearing at 10.30 AM they

were prevented from entering the ompound in which the hail is situated by around 2000

protestors at the main road. The protestors started picketing the Block Panchayath Hall

from 6.30 AM onwards. Those who participated in the protest includes representatives of

all major political parties, women and children. As per the Judgment of the Hon'bie High

Court Public Hearing is an opportunity for the public to express their opinion accurately

and legally. The District Collector tilled upon the protestors about this project, the

direction of the Hon'ble High Court, the opportunity made available to the Public by this

direction and hence the importance of this Public Hearing. But the same was not allowed

by protestors.

Although the protestors were '.houting slogans initially, they did not interrupt the

District Collector from explaining. After the explanation of the District Collector, the

protestors informed that they are already aware of the same and that they will not allow

to conduct the Public Hearing at the venue. The protestors then shouted slogans -

"Collector go back" as they were not satisfied with the explanation of the Collector.

Thereafter the Chief Environmental Engineer of the Board who was authorized to conduct

the Public Hearing tried to explain the necessity of conducting the Public Hearing but the

same was not allowed by protestors.

Removal of around 2000 protestors which include women and children using

public force will turn out to be a serious law and order situation. Apart from that the

protest which has the support of all major political parties it turned out to be violent, it

would have been beyond control. As it was evident that it is not possible to conduct the

Public Hearing by overcoming the protestors the District Collector and Board officers

returned without carrying out their official duty. The Board has filed a petition against the

protestors before the Circle Inspector Nileswar for obstructing the officials authorized to

:arry out the duties and based on the same a case was registered as Crime No.419/17 at

he Police Station, Nileswar.

Although all official procedures were completed and action taken by the Board with

he help of Police and District collector to conduct the Public Hearing the same could not

be completed due to public protest.

District Collector

DISTRICT COLLECTOR. KASARAGOD

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