mr. vinod p. tayade (m.tech. vlsi tech.) · 2021. 1. 7. · comparison of microprocessor and...
TRANSCRIPT
Mr. Vinod P. Tayade (M.Tech. VLSI Tech.)
Rewind......
1/7/2021Mr. Vinod P. Tayade Govt. Polytechnic, Nashik
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Digital Electronics
Combinational Circuits
Sequential Circuits
Number System
Decimal
Binary
Hexadecimal
Octal
Rewind......Number System
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Conversion...
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Hexadecimal Addition
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Microprocessor based system
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Buses....
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Memory..
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What is Microcontroller?
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A Microcontroller is a small and low-cost
microcomputer, which is designed to perform the
specific tasks of embedded systems like displaying
microwave information, receiving remote signals etc.
The general microcontroller consists of the processor,
the memory (RAM, ROM, EPROM), Serial ports,
peripherals (timers, counters) etc.
Evolutions
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History
The 8051 microcontroller wasinvented in 1980's by Intel. Itsfoundation is based on Harvardarchitecture and this microcontrollerwas developed principally forbringing it to be used in EmbeddedSystems.\
At first it was created by usingNMOS technology but the use ofNMOS consumed more power towork therefore Intel re-launch themicrocontroller 8051 using CMOStechnology and new edition came upwith edition of letter 'C' in the titlename, therefore the new modifiedversion of microcontroller is called byname 80C51.
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Mr. Vinod P. Tayade Govt. Polytechnic, Nashik
Applications
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Applications of Microcontroller
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Comparison of Microprocessor and Microcontroller
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Sr.
No.Microcontroller Microprocessor
1 It has Inbuilt RAM or ROM Do not have inbuilt RAM or ROM
2 It has Inbuilt Timer Do not have inbuilt Timer
3 It has I/O Ports are available I/O Ports are not available, it required
8255 for interfacing
4 It has Inbuilt serial port Do not have inbuilt serial port, it required
extra devices like 8251.
5 Separate memory to store
program and data
Program and data are stored in same
memory.
6 Boolean operation is possible Boolean operation is not possible directly
7 Few instructions for external
memory access
Many instruction to access external
memory access.
8 Many multifunction pins on the IC Less multifunction pins on the IC
Evolution of Microcontroller
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Comparison of CISC and RISC
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Sr. No. CISC RISC
1 Emphasis on hardware Emphasis on software
2 Multiple instruction sizes and
formats
Instructions of same set with few formats
3 Less registers Uses more registers
4 More addressing modes Fewer addressing modes
5 Extensive use of
microprogramming
Complexity in compiler
6 Instructions take a varying
amount of cycle time
Instructions take one cycle time
7 Pipelining is difficult Pipelining is easy
Architecture type
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Comparison of Harvard & Von-Neumann Architecture
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Sr. No. Harvard Architecture Von Neumann Architecture
1 The Harvard architecture uses
physically separate memories for
their instructions and data
It uses single memory for their instruction and
data
2 It requires separate & dedicated
buses for memories for instructions
and data
Requires single bus for instruction and data
3 Its design is complicated Its design is simple
4 Instruction and data can be fetched
simultaneously which improves
operating speed
Instruction and data have to be fetched in
sequential order which limits the operating
speed
Block diagram of Microcontroller
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Comparison
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Sr.
No.
Specification 8051 8751 8951
1 Program Memory 4K x 8 ROM 4K x 8 EPROM 16/32/64 Kb
codeFlash
2 Data memory 128 byte RAM 128 byte RAM 1 Kb RAM
3 Timer/Counter Two-16 bit Two-16 bit Three-16 bit
4 Programmable Watch
dog timer
NO NO YES
5 Interrupts 5 with 2 level
priority
5 with 2 level
priority
9 with 4 level
priority
6 I/O Ports Four 8-bit Ports Four 8-bit Ports Four or six 8-bit
Ports
7 Data Pointer One One Dual
8 Power Consumption High Medium Low
Questions...
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No. Question Marks
1Define Microcontroller? 2
2State difference between RISC and CISC 2
3Draw Harvard architecture 2
4Draw block diagram of Von-Neumann architecture 2
5State name of microcontroller IC manufacturer.
2
6Draw explain block diagram of microcontroller
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7Compare Microprocessor and Microcontroller.
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8Compare Harvard and Von-Neumann’s architecture.
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9Compare RISC and CISC architecture.
4
10Explain Evaluation of Microcontroller.
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11Compare 8051 and 8751 versions of microcontroller.
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12Compare 8051 and 8951 versions of microcontroller
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