MOVEMENT

• Through colonization, immigration, and trade, Greece and Rome

civilizations have worlwide Influence

MOVEMENT

The Development of European Civilization Early Peoples The Classical World The Middle Ages

The Spread of European Civilization Renaissance Exploration

A Changing Europe Revolutions Conflict and Division Cooperation and Unity

Early Peoples• Minoans• Myceneans• Etruscans

THE DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION

…skilled craft workers and traders who spread their way of life along the southern and western coasts of

Europe.

Two Mediterranean civilization developed as models for the western world

The Classical World

• Ancient Greece

• Ancient Rome

Parthenon

Aphrodite of Milos

Homer

Aqueduct

Julius Caesar

Corinthian pottery

Roman Empire, AD 117In terms of the vastness of territory, the Roman Empire reached its zenith under the rule of Trajan during the 2nd century AD. In response to this expansion and conquest, Roman leaders developed a dual system of law to govern citizens and conquered subjects. Eventually all subjects became Roman citizens and the city law (jus civile) of Rome became the law of the entire empire.

Colosseum

The Middle Ages• feudalism• Roman Catholic Church• Byzantine Empire

Two Mediterranean civilization developed as models for the western world

Byzantine EmpireThe Byzantine Empire evolved from the Roman Empire’s eastern territories after the Roman Empire’s western regions fell in the 5th century. Initial harmony between the church and state fortified the early empire (4th-6th centuries). The Crusades taxed the territories during the 11th century, precipitating a decline. Constantinople, the capital, fell in 1453 to the Ottoman Turks, who conquered the last remnants of the Byzantine Empire a few years later.

Roman BathPublic baths were an important part of Roman culture, which the Romans brought to other parts of the empire. The Romans were attracted to the natural hot springs near what is now the city of Bath in England. The Romans founded the city of Bath and built the baths to take advantage of the medicinal value of the water from the springs.

Orthodox Church

The First CrusadeIn response to the announcement by Pope Urban II of a Crusade to the Holy Land in 1095, Christian forces from western Europe converged on Constantinople, where they united with Byzantine forces to attack Seljuk armies in Anatolia and Muslim armies in Syria and Palestine. By 1099 the Crusaders had achieved their goal—the capture of the city of Jerusalem. However, Christian territories acquired during the First Crusade were gradually lost over the next 200 years. Jerusalem was recaptured by Muslim forces in 1187, and the last Christian stonghold in the Holy Land fell in 1291.

.

Renaissance• Rebirt of ancient culture of

Greece & Rome• Reformation

THE SPREAD OF EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION

The increased trade renewed European interest in other parts of the world.

Venice was a major port and cultural center during the middle ages and the Renaissance. Today it is still an important city of Italy.

Medieval SchoolsDuring the Middle Ages, advocates of Scholasticism sought to forge a connection between classical Greek philosophy and Christian theology through the use of logic. Teachers and instructors employed the concepts of reason and revelation to teach their students how to think. In this 15th-century Italian painting, parents take their children to see a teacher of grammar.

Exploration• Trade with colonies in the Americas,

Australia, Asia, and Africa brought great wealth and power to European nations. It also increased Europe’s global influence

THE SPREAD OF EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION

Revolutions• Industrial Revolution• Scientific Revolution• Political Revolution

A CHANGING EUROPE

Galileo Galilei

Early Industrial PlantAs the Industrial Revolution spread to the United States, plants such as this textile factory appeared. Soon the production of exports outpaced import of goods, and by the late 1800s America emerged as the world’s largest industrial power.

Conflict and Division• World War I• World War II• Cold War

A CHANGING EUROPE

Benito MussoliniBenito Mussolini led Italy from 1922 to 1943. He founded the first fascist political group and later allied his country with Germany in World War II. Mussolini took the title Il Duce (The Leader). His clenched fist, jutting jaw, fiery speeches, and dramatic poses became his trademarks.

Cooperation and Unity• European Community worked to create

a “New Europe”

A CHANGING EUROPE

Map of the European UnionThe European Union (EU) was formed in 1993 by the 12 nations of the European Community. By 2007, the EU had grown in size to 27 countries. The EU allows European citizens greater freedom to work, live, study, and travel in member states.

Potato Movement

Economic Recession

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PREPARED BY : ANGELA C. IMPERIAL