mosque & minarets
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M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S
PRESENTED BY:- POOJA RATHOD RUSHITA DANKHARA
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
• A sacred building used by Muslims for prayer.
• The word "mosque" is Arabic for "a place of prostration" or bowing down to Allah.
• Mosques almost always include
• A minbar• A mihrab• Minarets• In the Middle East will
have domes and arches and inner courtyards.
• An ablution fountain.
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Mihrab
A mihrab is a niche in the wall which points the worshipers toward Mecca.
minbar (the steps on the right)
Minbar
A minbar is a place from which a religious leader speaks to the people.
It looks something like a staircase.
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Iwan
A vaulted hall or space, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open.
Iwans open on to a central courtyard, and have been used in both public and residential architecture.
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Wazir Khan Mosque, Lahore, Pakistan.
King Saud Mosque, Jeddah, an Iwan in the
central court.
The entrance iwan of the Taj Mahal, Agra, India.
Central iwan of Qila-i-Kuhna
Mosque of Sher Shah
Suri
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Sahn
A sahn is surrounded by an arcade from all sides.
Huge sahn surrounded by arcades Tunisia
flanking domed arcade. Tehran.
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
DomesDomes give a building a spiritual feeling in that they bring one's attention from the ground level (the world of man) to the heavens (the world of God).
Domes normally took on the shape of a hemisphere.
Mosque in Beirut,
Lebanon
Mughal architecture
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Ablution fountain
Before prayers, the faithful cleaned their faces, hands, feet, and rinsed their mouths.
Symbolic and literal to prepare oneself to meet with God in prayer.
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Minaret
• The minaret is to provide a vantage point from which the call to prayer (adhan) is made.
• Minarets basic form consist of three parts:-
• a base• Shaft• a gallery.
• Minarets may be conical (tapering), square, cylindrical, or polygonal.
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Tunisia. ChinaLahore, Pakistan
MalaysiaSamaraIndia
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
• The gallery is a balcony which encircles the upper sections from which the muezzin may give the call to prayer.
• Stairs circle the shaft in a counter-clockwise fashion, providing necessary structural support to the highly elongated shaft.
M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y
Horseshoe arches in Cordoba, Spain
Pointed arches India
Arches