morgan reynolds publishing titles · 2012-12-06 · morgan reynolds publishing booklist top ten...

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MORGAN REYNOLDS PUBLISHING Booklist Top Ten Series 6x9 full color 100+ pages library bound Classical Civilization: Greece Don Nardo W WORLD HISTORY Medieval Europe Don Nardo W WORLD HISTORY Classical Civilization: Rome Don Nardo W WORLD HISTORY AVAILABLE AS E-BOOKS e NewTitles CHAMPION OF FREEDOM 4 Titles MOHANDAS GANDHI DIETRICH BONHOEFFER NELSON MANDELA AUNG SAN SUU KYI WORLD HISTORY 9 Titles CLASSICAL CIVILIZATION: ROME CLASSICAL CIVILIZATION: GREECE MEDIEVAL EUROPE INDIA BUSINESS LEADERS 13 Titles FACEBOOK AND MARK ZUCKERBERG GOOGLE FOUNDERS: LARRY PAGE AND SERGEY BRIN JEFF BEZOS: FOUNDER OF AMAZON AND THE KINDLE TWITTER: JACK DORSEY, BIZ STONE AND EVAN WILLIAMS THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT 13 Titles BLACK POWER BACKLASH: RACE RIOTS IN THE JIM CROW ERA WITH ALL DELIBERATE SPEED: COURT-ORDERED BUSING AND AMERICAN SCHOOLS PLESSY V. FERGUSON Champion of Freedom Mohandas Gandhi By Kem Knapp Sawyer Kem Knapp Sawyer Nelson Mandela CHAMPION OF FREEDOM Sherry O’Keefe Champion of Freedom Aung San Suu Kyi By Michael J. Martin Champion of Freedom Dietrich Bonhoeffer Kerrily Sapet Google Founders: Larry Page and Sergey Brin Business Leaders Robert D. Scally Business Leaders Jeff Bezos: Founder of Amazon and the Kindle Chris Smith and Marci McGrath Business Leaders Twitter: Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone and Evan Williams Judy L. Hasday Business Leaders Facebook and Mark Zuckerberg “. . .well-organized narrative makes this a solid resource for middle-school students and even those in early high school.” Booklist, Mohandas Gandhi. “Solid historical accounts. . .” School Library Journal, World History Series. “. . . eye opening . . . well researched” Booklist, Backlash. “. . . these titles in the Business Leaders series will grab YAs . . . exciting accounts.” Booklist, Business Leaders. Plessy v. Ferguson The Civil Rights Movement Amos Esty With All Deliberate Speed: Court-ordered Busing and American Schools The Civil Rights Movement David Aretha BACKLASH: Race Riots in the Jim Crow Era The Civil Rights Movement Calvin Craig Miller David Aretha Black Power THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

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Page 1: MORGAN REYNOLDS PUBLISHING Titles · 2012-12-06 · MORGAN REYNOLDS PUBLISHING Booklist Top Ten Series 6x9 full color 100+ pages library bound Classical Civilization: Greece Classical

MORGAN REYNOLDS PUBLISHING

Booklist Top Ten Series

6x9 full color 100+ pages library bound

Classical Civilization: Greece

Classical Civilization: Greece

Don Nardo

MR

Nardo

C

lassical Civilization

: Greece

www.morganreynolds.com

WWORLDHISTORY

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WORLDHISTORY

Today Greece is a small country of modest means and plays a min-imal role in world affairs. In ancient times, however, the Greek city-states and kingdoms long wielded great influence and stood at the forefront of the march of Western civilization. Not only did Greek rulers hold sway in large portions of southern Europe and the Middle East, the Greeks also in a very real sense laid the foundations of much of the political, artistic, and social culture taken for granted in Western countries like the United States. The Greeks invented democracy, for instance, as well as the theater, including plays and acting. They also introduced most of the lit-erary formats used today, including historical writing and the novel. In addition, Greek thinkers became the world’s first true scientists and either created or more fully developed most of the scientific disciplines still in use, including astronomy, biology, and botany. Moreover, the Greeks’ architectural styles, especially their temple architecture, continues to be copied in thousands of buildings across the Western world. These and other impor-tant cultural contributions bequeathed to later generations by the Greeks helped to shape the very fabric of Western civilization in remarkably diverse and profound ways.

Historian Don Nardo has written numerous books about the ancient Greeks and Romans, including volumes on historical events, arts and architecture, athletic games, religion, and everyday life in the Greco-Roman era. He also composes and arranges orchestral music. Mr. Nardo lives with his wife, Christine, in Massachusetts.

Medieval Europe

Medieval Europe

Don Nardo

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Nardo

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edieval Europe

www.morganreynolds.com

WWORLDHISTORY

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WORLDHISTORY

In a sense, medieval Europe was the bridge that led from the ancient world to the modern one. Indeed, the earliest medieval societies and kingdoms arose atop the wreckage of the western Roman Empire, which had collapsed in the fifth and sixth centu-ries, bringing the ancient era to a close. Some Roman traditions, ideas, and institutions, especially the Roman Catholic Church, survived and remained strong influences on European life and customs. In time, several of the medieval kingdoms grew into the leading European nation-states that are familiar today. The kings and nobles of those nations erected large stone castles, which sometimes came under siege, necessitating the use of a wide range of defensive and offensive military tactics. Meanwhile, Europe became increasingly aware of the wider world surrounding it. On the one hand this led to the Crusades—bloody wars with the Muslims in charge of the Holy Land in Palestine. On the other, ancient Greek ideas, which had been preserved by those Muslims, transformed European thought, leading to the tremendous out-pouring of intellectual and artistic achievement known as the Renaissance. The final steps across the medieval bridge to mod-ern times were taken when Europeans began to venture out and explore the globe, a venture destined to give them power over diverse lands and peoples.

Historian Don Nardo has written more than a hundred books about ancient and medieval times, including volumes on historical events, warfare, and everyday life in those eras. He also composes and arranges orchestral music. Mr. Nardo lives with his wife, Christine, in Massachusetts.

Classical Civilization: Rome

Classical Civilization: Rome

Don Nardo

MR

Nardo

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lassical Civilization

: Rom

e

www.morganreynolds.com

WWORLDHISTORY

W

WORLDHISTORY

The ancient Romans are today most often associated with their vast empire, which at its height stretched from Spain in the west to Iraq in the east, from Britain in the north to North Africa in the south, and supported a population of diverse peoples 100 million strong. Though that realm was impressive in its day, much more important and influential have been the numerous cultural lega-cies that Rome passed on to later ages and that continue to shape the modern Western world. Roman government, for instance, lives on to some degree in institutions borrowed from it by later nations. The U.S. Senate, inspired in large degree by the Roman version, is the most familiar example. Even more significant has been the extent to which Roman law has helped to shape the legal and justice systems of European and other Western societies. The Romans also created the models for the urban life and vast road systems taken for granted in the modern West. No less profound has been the survival of the Romans’ language, Latin, elements of which are still used in scientific classification and Christian churches. Moreover, those churches exist because the Roman’s greatest cultural legacy, their chief religion—Christianity—, went on to become the world’s largest faith.

Historian Don Nardo has written numerous books about the ancient Greeks and Romans, including volumes on historical events, arts and architecture, athletic games, religion, and everyday life in the Greco-Roman era. He also composes and arranges orchestral music. Mr. Nardo lives with his wife, Christine, in Massachusetts.

AVAILABLE AS E-BOOKSe

New TitlesChampion of freedom 4 Titles

MOHANDAS GANDHI

DIETRIcH BONHOEffER

NELSON MANDELA

AUNG SAN SUU KYI

World history 9 Titles

cLASSIcAL cIVILIzATION: ROME

cLASSIcAL cIVILIzATION: GREEcE

MEDIEVAL EUROPE

INDIA

Business leaders 13 Titles

fAcEBOOK AND MARK zUcKERBERG

GOOGLE fOUNDERS: LARRY PAGE AND SERGEY BRIN

JEff BEzOS: fOUNDER Of AMAzON AND THE KINDLE

TwITTER: JAcK DORSEY, BIz STONE AND EVAN wILLIAMS

the Civil rights movement 13 Titles

BLAcK POwER

BAcKLASH: RAcE RIOTS IN THE JIM cROw ERA

wITH ALL DELIBERATE SPEED: cOURT-ORDERED BUSING AND AMERIcAN ScHOOLS

PLESSY V. fERGUSON

Champion of FreedomChampion of Freedom

Mohandas GandhiMohandas GandhiIn 1893, a London-trained lawyer named Mohandas K. Gandhi left his native India to handle a legal matter for two Indian merchants in South Africa. Soon after his arrival, he was thrown off a train for refusing to leave a “whites only” compartment. Skeleton-thin and painfully shy, Gandhi spent a bitter cold night in the railway station wondering whether he should stay in South Africa or return to India. By morning he decided to stay and to resist the racial laws of South Africa. The train incident sparked a political awakening in Gandhi, and he would later describe the experience as “the most important factor” in directing his future political life. Gandhi remained in South Africa for twenty-one years, and during this time he became active in politics and began formulating his ideas on nonviolence resistance as a means to bring about political and social reform. At age forty-six, he returned to India, then a country of 500 hundred million people, two-thirds of which were ruled directly by the British. Back in his homeland, Gandhi expanded on the strategies he had developed in South Africa and used them to help bring an end to British rule in India. Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by a Hindu militant who con-sidered him too tolerant of Muslims, and he has become the dominant symbol of nonviolence resistance. His philosophy is credited with inspiring civil rights activists around the globe, including Nobel Peace Prize winners Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., South Africa’s Nelson Mandela, Tibet’s Dalai Lama, Myanmar’s Aung San Suu Kyi, and President Barack Obama, who describes Gandhi as “a hero not just to India, but to the world.”

Kem Knapp Sawyer is the author of several biographies for young readers. This is her first book for Morgan Reynolds.

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On February 11, 1990, South Africa’s Nelson Mandela walked free after spending twenty-seven and a half years in prison—more than a third of his adult life. A deliri-ous throng of well-wishers, numbering more than 100,000, greeted him in Cape Town with chants of “Viva Mandela,” to which Mandela responded with a clenched-fist salute and an address that began with thanks to “friends, comrades, and fellow South Africans” for their “tireless and heroic sacrifices.” Ordinary black South Africans had not heard the voice of their anti-apartheid hero, or even seen what he looked like, in a generation. Release of “the prisoner of the century” captured headlines around the world. The seventy-one-year-old Mandela had been sentenced to life in prison on June 12, 1964, for conspiracy to overthrow the government of South Africa and its policies of white supremacy, known as apartheid. In apartheid South Africa, blacks had no rights: they could not vote, own land, move freely from one place to another, or live in “white” areas; and black children attended schools grossly inferior to those for whites. Initially, Mandela had tried peaceful means to attain equal rights for South Africa’s black majority, advocating civil resistance, speaking out, organizing strikes and rallies. However, when the government did not reform, but responded with vio-lence by killing women and children, Mandela and other leading activists turned to armed struggle, carrying out sabotage against non-human targets such as power stations and government buildings. This was all a far cry from Mandela’s humble beginnings as a herdboy in a small village. As a boy, he was often not sure of himself. He cared little for the outside world and rarely challenged authority. But when he grew up, Mandela bravely devoted his life to the cherished ideal of “a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony with equal opportunities.” Four years after Mandela’s release from prison, that cherished ideal began to take shape, when he became the first president of a democratic South Africa, serving as a symbol of peace, unity, and change, even in the face of enormously difficult social and economic challenges. A democratic South Africa is one of the twentieth century’s greatest achievements, and its native son, Nelson Mandela, is one of the world’s most beloved statesmen.

Kem Knapp Sawyer is the author of several biographies for young readers. This is her second book for Morgan Reynolds.

www.morganreynolds.comKem Knapp Sawyer

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Nelson MandelaNelson MandelaCHAMPION OF FREEDOMCHAMPION OF FREEDOM

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In late 2010, Burma’s leading pro-democracy leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, walked free after seven continuous years of house arrest imposed by Burma’s military rulers. Thousands of Burmese turned out to greet “The Lady,” as she is affectionately known in Burma. “We haven’t seen each other for so long,” Suu Kyi told the jubilant crowd,

“I have so much to tell you.” Indeed. Burma’s most popular politician and most vocal critic of the Burmese military had been out of sight, and off limits, to the Burmese peo-ple and the world for almost fifteen of the past twenty-one years.

Burma (also known as Myanmar) has a long and tortured history, and Aung San Suu Kyi’s early adult years gave no clue that she would become an iconic hero in Burma’s democratic resistance to military rule. Suu Kyi’s famous father had led the fight for Burma’s independence in 1947. General Aung San expected to assume the leadership of Burma after the British granted the country its independence in 1948. However, he was assassinated. Suu Kyi was only two years old at the time, but her father’s dream of a unified, democratic Burma cast a long shadow on her life. In 1962, a military gen-eral seized power and closed the door of Burma to the outside world. Suu Kyi was out of the country, living overseas in India, the U.S., Japan, Bhutan, and finally England, with her British husband and two sons. But in the summer of 1988, she returned to care for her dying mother. It was then that Suu Kyi unexpectedly got caught up in the biggest uprising in Burma’s modern history. Burmese students and Buddhist monks poured into the streets to peacefully protest actions by the military junta—only to be gunned down by the hundreds by soldiers.

Suu Kyi has not set foot outside Burma since that fateful time in 1988. Knowing that the military regime will not allow her to return if she leaves, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate has remained in Burma, enduring extreme isolation, the threat of death, and personal pain and sacrifice, including the chance to see her dying husband one last time. Despite it all, “The Lady” has not backed down. She remains as determined as ever to see Burma emerge from its isolation and join the family of democratic nations in the world. “Freedom and democracy,” she believes, “are dreams you never give up.”

www.morganreynolds.com Sherry O’Keefe

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Champion of Freedom

Aung San Suu Kyi

Champion of Freedom

Aung San Suu Kyi

Sherry O’Keefe lives in Montana and is a graduate of Montana State University, in Billings. She is the author of Spin: The Story of Michael Jackson and From China to America: The Story of Amy Tan, also published by Morgan Reynolds.

Dietrich Bonhoeffer had strived to discern God’s will since his youth. After earning his doctorate in 1927 and spending several years preaching, teaching, and studying in Europe and America, he returned to Berlin in the summer of 1931. As a uni-versity lecturer in theology and a pastor, he quickly climbed the ranks of church leadership in Germany and eventually found himself leading a fierce struggle to oppose the Nazis’s anti-Christian policies.

Bonhoeffer’s anti-Nazi stance caught the attention of the German Resistance. His family had connections in high-level circles, and he obtained a position in the Abwehr, Germany’s military intelligence agency. Acting as a double agent, he joined the Resistance and became complicit in the conspiracy to assassinate Adolf Hitler, the Nazi leader and dictator of Germany. After successive assassination attempts failed, Bonhoeffer’s cover was broken. Along with the other conspirators, he was implicated, imprisoned, and executed as an enemy of the state—a mere two weeks before Hitler took his own life and the war ended.

Bonhoeffer sensed God’s role in all of this. His life took different turns along the way, yet his faith remained unwavering at each turn. His story is one of action, of ideas in motion, and still today his life baffles and inspires people of all faiths from across the world.

Michael J. Martin has authored more than thirty books for children and young adults, including books on apartheid, the Emancipation Proclamation, and the prisoner abuse scandal in Iraq. He lives in La Crosse, Wisconsin, a small town that overlooks the Mississippi River. This is his first book for Morgan Reynolds.

Greensboro, North Carolina By Michael J. Martin

Champion of FreedomChampion of Freedom

Dietrich BonhoefferDietrich Bonhoeffer

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MR

Computers were Larry Page and Sergey Brin’s childhood toys. At a young age, Brin could solve complex mathematical equations, and Page could build working printers out of Legos. Both from brilliant academic families, they grew to love learning, logic, and technology. Although from different countries, Page and Brin met at Stanford University. In a rundown garage in Palo Alto, California, they founded Google, an Internet company that changed the world. Today, Google places infor-mation, news, maps, images, videos, blogs, e-mail, and more at the fingertips of millions of people. With the creation of Google, Page and Brin became the world’s youngest self-made billionaires. Despite their fame and wealth, they continue to develop innovative services and aim to live up to Google’s

“Don’t Be Evil” motto. Using creative, cutting-edge technology, Page and Brin are helping to find solutions to environmental, educational, and health issues affecting people around the world.

Kerrily Sapet is the author of a number of books for Morgan Reynolds, including Jimmy Choo, Cleopatra, Elizabeth I, Eleanor of Aquitaine, Michael Phelps, and Zora Neale Hurston, as well as four titles in the Political Profiles series.

MR

www.morganreynolds.com

Sapet Google Fo

unders: Larry Page and Sergey Brin

Kerrily Sapet

Google Founders: Larry Page and Sergey Brin

Google Founders: Larry Page and Sergey Brin

Business LeadersBusiness Leaders

Jeffrey Bezos changed the way the world shops when he founded Amazon.com. Now he’s changing the way the world reads with the Kindle, a device for reading and storing electronic books. In 1994, Bezos was a successful young executive at a Wall Street investment firm when he discovered the Internet. Realizing the Internet’s potential, he took a big risk. He quit his high-paying job, moved to Seattle, and started Amazon.com. By 1999, Bezos was named Time magazine’s man of the year for popularizing Internet shopping. A year later, the Internet bubble burst. Many e-commerce companies failed. Some people predicted Amazon.com was Amazon.toast. Bezos proved the critics wrong. Amazon became a huge success. Never content, Bezos developed an e-reader, the Kindle, and a mar-ket for electronic publications. But Bezos also has his eyes on the stars. He has founded a company to develop a reusable commercial spacecraft. The real story behind Bezos’s success is his relentless drive and entre-preneurial vision. It is these traits that made him a billionaire and the leader of the e-book revolution.

Robert D. Scally has worked as reporter and editor specializing in busi-ness, entertainment, and technology for national trade publications and newspapers. He lives in San Diego, California.

MR

Scally Jeff Bezos: Founder of Am

azon and the Kindle

Robert D. Scally

Business LeadersBusiness Leaders

Jeff Bezos: Founder of Amazon

and the Kindle

Jeff Bezos: Founder of Amazon

and the Kindle

Greensboro, North Carolina

When Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone, and Ev Williams first met in San Francisco in 2005, few could have guessed how their creation of Twitter would transform online com-munications. A few years later, people worldwide were sending a billion tweets, every week–even more during events such as revolutions in the Mideast, or the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan.

The three grew up in different American cities, with little in common beyond a passion for how computers can help people communicate. As a boy, Jack was fas-cinated by maps, city streets, and computer software. As young men, Ev and Biz each built careers around the new world of “blogging,” then joined forces to start a company in San Francisco.

How did Twitter go from an idea in Jack Dorsey’s mind to become one of the fastest growing American businesses in history, and affect millions of people around the world? It wasn’t only because Jack, Ev, Biz, and others at Twitter knew how to write fancy computer code or raise money from investors. It was because Twitter filled a basic human need to communicate and feel connected.

Marci McGrath is an author, historian, and musician in New Orleans. She has contributed to more than twenty published books, and is coauthor with Chris Smith of Electronic Time for Learning: Music. Smith is a New Orleans-based writer and editor. His work on history, technology, business, travel, and education has appeared in numerous books, magazines, and other publications. He is coauthor of The Unofficial U.S. Census: Things the Official U.S. Census Doesn’t Tell You About America.

MR

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Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone and Evan W

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Chris Smith and Marci McGrath

Business LeadersBusiness Leaders

Greensboro, North Carolina

Twitter: Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone

and Evan Williams

Twitter: Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone

and Evan WilliamsMark Zuckerberg forever changed the way people relate to one another when he launched a computer program he called TheFacebook while a sophomore at Harvard University. What started out as a way for students at a few different colleges to connect with one another and share information turned into the tool of the twenty-first cen-tury that defines how more than half a billion people interact with one another and share personal information. Even as a child Mark demonstrated his extraordinary ability to sit at a keyboard and create useful program tools. Supportive of their children’s exploration of learning, Mark’s parents arranged private tutoring and enrollment in computer classes to help their son further develop his skills. Long before Mark began his freshman year at Harvard he had already created two software programs: ZuckNet and Synapse. The former generated a “ping” between com-puters like an alert; the latter tracked a user’s taste in music and helped them discover similar music that appealed to them. Computer giants Microsoft and AOL offered $1 million for Synapse. Mark turned them down. So significant has Facebook become to our world, that Time magazine named Mark Zuckerberg their 2010 Person of the Year. For using technology to “bridge continents” and create a new means of exchanging information with the touch of a keyboard stroke, Mark is recognized as one of the brightest and most successful entrepreneurs of the twenty-first century.

Philadelphia native Judy L. Hasday is a two-time graduate of Temple University, with a BA in communications and an EdM in educational media. A veteran photo editor and freelance writer, Ms. Hasday has more than twenty-five books in print and has won five book awards including three “Best Books for Teens,” a National Social Studies Council Book Award, and one from VOYA (Voice of Youth Advocacy). This is her sec-ond book for Morgan Reynolds.

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Judy L. Hasday

Business LeadersBusiness Leaders

Facebookand Mark Zuckerberg

Facebookand Mark Zuckerberg

Greensboro, North Carolina

“. . .well-organized narrative makes this a solid resource for middle-school students and even those in early high school.” Booklist, Mohandas Gandhi.

“Solid historical accounts. . .” School Library Journal, world History Series.

“. . . eye opening . . .well researched”Booklist, Backlash.

“. . . these titles in the Business Leaders series will grab YAs . . . exciting accounts.” Booklist, Business Leaders.

MRwww.morganreynolds.com

Even after the Civil War ended in 1865, the United States remained a divided country. Over the next three decades, Americans fought to determine how blacks and whites would live together now that slavery was abolished. Every time blacks made progress in gain-ing the rights they deserved as U.S. citizens, new laws limited their freedom and prevented them from being treated as equals. In 1892, a black man named Homer Plessy challenged one of those laws by sitting in a whites-only railroad car. After he was arrested, his case made its way all the way to the Supreme Court. Would the Court rule that states could discriminate against citi-zens based on the color of their skin? Or would it strike down the law and declare such discrimination illegal? Whatever the Court decided, the ruling would shape race relations in the United States for decades to come.

Plessy v. Ferguson

The Civil RightsMovement

Amos Esty

Plessy v. Ferguson

The Civil RightsMovement

Esty

Plessy v. Ferguson

Amos Esty, a writer and editor living in New Hampshire, is the author of Unbound and Unbroken: The Story of Frederick Douglass and The Liberator: The Story of William Lloyd Garrison, also by Morgan Reynolds.

MR

On September 12, 1974, a hotly controversial desegregation program began in Boston, Massachusetts. Aiming for racial balance in that city’s public schools, a federal judge had ordered the busing of thousands of black students to predomi-nantly white schools—and vice versa. On the first day of classes, chaos reigned at South Boston High School. A hostile crowd chucked rocks at several school buses that carried African American students. Later that day, a group of young black children returned to their Roxbury neighborhood. “They had glass in their hair,” recalled Ellen Jackson. “They were scared. And they were shivering and crying.” Racial strife remained so bad at South Boston High School that upwards of three hundred police officers patrolled the grounds and snipers took positions on roof-tops. When the school year ended at South Boston High, “Hallelujah” was played over the public address system. Busing, which federal judges instituted in many American cities, was called the “Vietnam of the 1970s”—a controversial, polarizing issue that put millions of people on edge. Los Angeles, Chicago, Louisville, and Seattle were just some of the cities in which parents were outraged by the forced busing of schoolchildren. This book explores why these desegregation plans were instituted, the uproar sur-rounding them, and the wide-ranging results. The more you explore, the more you will discover about race relations, educational and judicial systems, and the deep-down feelings of everyday Americans.

www.morganreynolds.com

With All Deliberate Speed: Court-ordered Busing and American Schools

The Civil RightsMovement

David Aretha

The Civil RightsMovement

Aretha

With All Deliberate Speed: Court-ordered Busing and Am

erican Schools

With All Deliberate Speed: Court-ordered Busing and American Schools

David Aretha edited Civil Rights Chronicle and Civil Rights: Yesterday & Today. He has written eight books in the Civil Rights Movement series published by Morgan Reynolds, including The Murder of Emmett Till, Sit-Ins and Freedom Rides, and Selma and the Voting Rights Act.

MRwww.morganreynolds.com

In the decades following the end of the Civil War in 1865, African Americans sought to make their way forward as a free people. In many cities, they found early success. People who once toiled as slaves “pulled themselves up by their bootstraps,” and became entrepreneurs, workers, shopkeepers, and property owners. Their most talented joined the ranks of America’s great writers, artists, and activists. But the rage of the Jim Crow era often followed in their footsteps. They faced antebellum racist stereotypes in the South, an invisible color line in the North, and mob violence in both. The urban riots followed a different arc than racial violence in rural areas, although one no less deadly. Black populations would gain a foothold, only to face a backlash from the white majority. Atlanta, Chicago, Detroit, and numerous other cities exploded in bul-lets, flames, and random murder. Where mob rule prevailed, democracy failed. Violence overwhelmed the progress of both races. Almost half the twentieth century passed before the modern civil rights movement gained enough support to stop the bloodshed. Any student of history who reads these accounts will be left wondering what might have been, if formerly enslaved people had been allowed to keep their rightfully earned share of the American Dream.

BACKLASH: Race Riots in the Jim Crow Era

The Civil RightsMovement

Calvin Craig Miller

The Civil RightsMovement

Miller

BACKLASH

: Race Riots in the Jim Crow

Era

BACKLASH: Race Riots in the Jim Crow Era

Calvin Craig Miller is the author of biographies of Bob Marley, Che Guevara, A. Philip Randolph, Bayard Rustin, and Roy Wilkins, all published by Morgan Reynolds. He lives in North Carolina.

At the 1968 Summer Olympics, two American sprinters climbed atop the medal stands and shocked the world with a Black Power salute. Tommie Smith and John Carlos each thrust a black-gloved fist into the air. “People thought the victory stand [salute] was a hate message,” Smith said. “But it wasn’t. It was a cry for freedom.”

The Black Power movement of the 1960s and ’70s was admired by many black and left-leaning Americans but feared by mainstream citizens. Then as now, it was often misunderstood.

The movement took off in 1966. Frustrated by the lack of progress of the nonviolent civil rights movement, assertive African Americans followed Stokely Carmichael’s call for “Black Power.” Leaders of the movement advocated community organizing and a national black agenda. An inspiring black pride movement, under the credo “black is beautiful,” flourished as well. But Black Power was sometimes militant in nature, contributing to the notorious race riots of the late 1960s. The result was white back-lash, including crackdowns against the Black Panthers and “white flight” from the northern cities.

Black Power stirred powerful emotions among blacks and whites alike. The result is one of the most controversial, important, and fascinating movements in American history.

David Aretha edited Civil Rights Chronicle and Civil Rights: Yesterday & Today. He has written eight books in the Civil Rights Movement series published by Morgan Reynolds, including The Murder of Emmett Till, Sit-Ins and Freedom Rides, and Selma and the Voting Rights Act.

MRGreensboro, North Carolina

David Aretha

Black PowerBlack PowerTHE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENTTHE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

ARETHA THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEM

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Black Power