morbidity - government of saskatchewan/media/files/health...for females, the top two icd chapter...

C h a p t e r C o n t e n t s

K e y F i n d i n g s 1

I n t r o d u c t i o n 1

H e a l t h -A d j u s t e d L i f e E x p e c t a n c y

2

A l l - C a u s e M o r -b i d i t y

3

M o r b i d i t y b y I C D C h a p t e r s

6

S e l f - R e p o r t e d H e a l t h S t a t u s

24

D e f i n i t i o n s 28

D a t a S o u r c e s 29

R e f e r e n c e s 29

Key Fi n d i n g s

M o r b i d i t y

S a s k a t c h e w a n H e a l t h

I n t ro d u c t i o n

This chapter describes morbidity (disease and illness) as measured by hospital sep-arations for the Saskatchewan population including average length of stay and hos-pitalizations by ICD chapters.

One of the most comprehensive and ac-cessible sources of morbidity information is the provincial hospital administrative database which records hospital separa-tions. A hospital separation occurs when a person leaves the hospital. It is the discharge or transfer from a hospital, or a death that occurs in a hospital and is recorded at the time of the discharge.

Hospitalization statistics provide infor-mation on conditions serious enough to

require stay in a hospital and are influ-enced by both availability of hospital beds and current practice regarding use of hospitals. In addition, individuals may be hospitalized more than once for the same condition.

Hospitalization represents the severe end of the illness spectrum and as result, does not include those with nonsevere illness.

Definitions and references are available at the end of the chapter.

The health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for Saskatchewan residents in-creased between 2000/02 and 2005/07 to 67.4 years for males and 70.3 years for females.

From 1995 to 2008 all cause hospitaliza-tion rates decreased significantly in Sas-katchewan. Both male and female rates decreased, with females having higher rates compared to males.

When examining the broad categories of disease and conditions grouped by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) chapters over the 1995 to 2008 time period, the chapters with decreasing hospital separation rates included infec-tious and parasitic diseases, neoplasms, diseases of blood and blood-forming or-gans, mental disorders, nervous system disorders, circulatory system diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive system

diseases, genitourinary system diseases, pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperi-um, skin and subcutaneous tissue dis-eases, musculoskeletal diseases, congen-ital anomalies, perinatal conditions, ill-defined conditions, and injury and poi-soning. The only category that had rela-tively stable rates was endocrine, nutri-tional and metabolic diseases.

For males, the top two ICD chapter caus-es of hospital separations in 2008 were circulatory system diseases and digestive system diseases. For females, the top two ICD chapter causes of hospital sepa-rations in 2008 were pregnancy, child-birth and conditions of the puerperium, and digestive system diseases.

Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) respondents reporting good, very good or excellent health remained fairly constant at approximately 87 percent.

C h a p t e r

C o n t e n t s

K e y F i n d i n g s 1

I n t r o d u c t i o n 1

H e a l t h -

A d j u s t e d L i f e

E x p e c t a n c y

2

A l l - C a u s e M o r -

b i d i t y

3

M o r b i d i t y b y

I C D C h a p t e r s

6

S e l f - R e p o r t e d

H e a l t h S t a t u s

24

D e f i n i t i o n s 28

D a t a S o u r c e s 29

R e f e r e n c e s 29

Key Fin din gs

M o r b i d i t y

S a s k a t c h e w a n H e a l t h

In tro du ct io n

This chapter describes morbidity (disease

and illness) as measured by hospital sep-

arations for the Saskatchewan population

including average length of stay and hos-

pitalizations by ICD chapters.

One of the most comprehensive and ac-

cessible sources of morbidity information

is the provincial hospital administrative

database which records hospital separa-

tions. A hospital separation occurs when

a person leaves the hospital. It is the

discharge or transfer from a hospital, or a

death that occurs in a hospital and is

recorded at the time of the discharge.

Hospitalization statistics provide infor-

mation on conditions serious enough to

require stay in a hospital and are influ-

enced by both availability of hospital beds

and current practice regarding use of

hospitals. In addition, individuals may

be hospitalized more than once for the

same condition.

Hospitalization represents the severe end

of the illness spectrum and as result,

does not include those with nonsevere

illness.

Definitions and references are available

at the end of the chapter.

The health-adjusted life expectancy

(HALE) for Saskatchewan residents in-

creased between 2000/02 and 2005/07

to 67.4 years for males and 70.3 years for

females.

From 1995 to 2008 all cause hospitaliza-

tion rates decreased significantly in Sas-

katchewan. Both male and female rates

decreased, with females having higher

rates compared to males.

When examining the broad categories of

disease and conditions grouped by the

International Classification of Diseases

(ICD) chapters over the 1995 to 2008

time period, the chapters with decreasing

hospital separation rates included infec-

tious and parasitic diseases, neoplasms,

diseases of blood and blood-forming or-

gans, mental disorders, nervous system

disorders, circulatory system diseases,

respiratory diseases, digestive system

diseases, genitourinary system diseases,

pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperi-

um, musculoskeletal diseases, congenital

anomalies, perinatal conditions, ill-

defined conditions, and injury and poi-

soning. The only category that had in-

creasing rates was diseases of the skin

and subcutaneous tissue.

For males, the top two ICD chapter caus-

es of hospital separations in 2008 were

circulatory system diseases and digestive

system diseases. For females, the top

two ICD chapter causes of hospital sepa-

rations in 2008 were pregnancy, child-

birth and conditions of the puerperium,

and digestive system diseases.

Canadian Community Health Survey

(CCHS) respondents reporting good, very

good or excellent health remained fairly

constant at approximately 87 percent.

Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) is the num-

ber of years in full health that an individual can

expect to live given the current morbidity and mor-

tality conditions. It is a summary measure of pop-

ulation health that combines mortality and mor-

bidity data into a single index (Statistics Canada,

2012).

HALE differs from life expectancy which is an esti-

mate of the number of years a person would be

expected to live, either from birth or from age 65

years, based on age and sex-specific mortality

rates for a given period, under the assumption that

these mortality rates would stay constant over

subsequent years (St-Arnaud, J et al., 2005).

As expected, for all years (2000/02 and 2005/07)

and categories (Canada, Saskatchewan, males and

females), life expectancy was significantly higher

than HALE (Figure 6.1).

Page 2 M o r b i d i t y

Heal th- adju s ted L i fe Expectan cy

HALE and Life Expectancy: At birth by Sex, Canada and Saskatchewan,

2000/02 and 2005/07

CA

N M

00/0

2

CA

N M

00/0

2

CA

N M

05/0

7

CA

N M

05/0

7

CA

N F

00/0

2

CA

N F

00/0

2

CA

N F

05/0

7

CA

N F

05/0

7

SK

M00/0

2

SK

M00/0

2

SK

M05/0

7

SK

M05/0

7

SK

F00/0

2

SK

F05/0

7 SK

F05/0

7

SK

F00/0

2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Health-adjusted life expectancy Life expectancy

Ag

e (

yrs)

Fig: 6.1

In 2000/02 and 2005/07, the HALE was signifi-

cantly higher for Canada than for Saskatchewan.

From 2000/02 to 2005/07, the HALE at birth in-

creased slightly for both Canada and Saskatche-

wan males and females (Figure 6.1). The increases

were significant for Canadian males and females

and also for Saskatchewan males.

The HALE at birth for Saskatchewan men was 67.4

years in 2005/07 and for Saskatchewan women

was 70.3 years, with a difference between the sex-

es of 2.9 years. The HALE at birth for Canadian

men was 68.9 years in 2005/07 and for Canadian

women was 71.2 years, with a difference between

the sexes of 2.3 years.

Hospital separation reflects the upper limit of the

non-fatal disease severity continuum. Morbidity

analysis by all causes provides information on the

total numbers of hospital separations within a

population and is used to monitor diseases and

health status, and also to plan health services.

In 2010-11, Saskatchewan had the fourth highest

age-sex standardized all cause hospital separation

rate (10,897 per 100,000) for the Canadian prov-

inces and territories. (Figure 6.2)

The provinces or territories with the highest all-

cause rates were Nunavut, Northwest Territories

and Yukon, at 14,888, 14,404 and 11,309 per

100,000, respectively. The lowest all-cause rate

was in Ontario, with a rate of 6,958 per 100,000.

Of the three prairie provinces, Saskatchewan had

the highest all cause hospital separation rates fol-

lowed by Manitoba and Alberta.

In 2010-11, Saskatchewan all cause age-

standardized average length of hospital stay

(ALOS) was 6.5 days (Figure 6.3). During the same

time period, the all cause ALOS for Canada was

7.3 days. The highest ALOS was found in Manito-

ba and Nova Scotia, at 8.5 days, while Nunavut

had the lowest at 3.2 days.

Of the three prairie provinces, Manitoba had the

highest all cause ALOS followed by Alberta and

Saskatchewan.

Al l C aus e Mo rbid i ty

M o r b i d i t y

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PE NF YT NW NU CAN

Age

-se

x st

and

ard

ize

d r

ate

pe

r 1

00

,00

0

Province/Territory

All Cause Hospitalization: Age-sex standardized Rate of Hospitalization, Provinces, Territories and Canada, 2010-11

Fig: 6.2

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PE NF YT NW NU CAN

Age

sta

nd

ard

ize

d A

LOS

in d

ays

Province/Territory

All Cause Hospitalization: Age standardized Average Length of Stay (ALOS) in days, Provinces, Territories and Canada, 2010-11

Fig: 6.3

M o r b i d i t y

Morbidity rates, represented as all cause hospitali-

zation, exhibited a significant downward trend over

the time period 1995-2008, declining 27 percent

from 14,956 per 100,00 in 1995 to 10,903 per

100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.4).

As would be expected, rates of hospital separation

increased with age with the exception of the less

than one year age group which includes births.

The age-specific rates declined slightly in all

groups over the 14 year time period (Figure 6.5)

The highest rate of hospital separations was in

those aged 75 years and older at 42,178 per

100,000. The age-specific rate of this age group

was nearly twice that of the next highest rates, the

less than one year ( 23,137 per 100,000) and the

65 to 74 year age group (22,720 per 100,000).

In 2008, age-specific all-cause hospital separation

rates per 100,000 population were found for the

following age groups:

Less than 1 year 23,137.0

1-19 years 4,990.9

20-44 years 9,360.5

45-64 years 9,702.8

65-74 years 22,719.7

75+ years 42,178.1

Sex-specific hospital separation rates due to all

causes were greater in females than males for eve-

ry year from 1995 to 2008 and both decreased over

the time period (Figure 6.6). In 2008, the all cause

rate was 13,774.9 per 100,000 for females, and

10,7073.9 per 100,000 for males.

All Cause Hospitalization: Age-standardized Rate of

Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.4

All-cause Hospitalization: Crude Rate of Hospital

Separations in Saskatchewan by Age Group, 1995 -

2008

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.5

Fig: 6.6

M o r b i d i t y

For males, hospital separation rates for all causes

in most age groups decreased slightly over the pe-

riod 1995 to 2008 (Figure 6.7). The largest de-

crease was seen in the less than one year group.

The rates were consistently higher in those aged

75 and over.

All cause hospital separation rates for females in

most age groups decreased slightly over the period

1995 to 2008 (Figure 6.8). The largest decrease

was seen in the less than one year group. The

rates were consistently higher in those aged 75

and over.

In 2008, the age-standardized hospital separation

rate due to all causes was 10,903.1 per 100,000 in

Saskatchewan. Rates for Athabasca, Cypress,

Heartland, Kelsey Trail, Keewatin Yatthé,

Mamawetan Churchill River, Prince Albert Park-

land, Prairie North, Sun Country and Sunrise

Regional Health Authorities were significantly

higher than the provincial rate and significantly

lower for Regina Qu’Appelle and Saskatoon.

Fig: 6.7

Fig: 6.8

Mo rbid i ty by ICD Chapters


Morbidity analysis by International Classification

of Diseases (ICD) chapters enables an examination

of broad categories of illness in terms of related

conditions.

In 2008 the highest rates were caused by maternal

conditions, followed by digestive system diseases,

then respiratory system diseases and closely fol-

lowed by circulatory system diseases (Figure 6.9).

When analysis was stratified by sex, some differ-

ences were noted (Figure 6.10). After maternal

conditions, the highest hospital separations for

females were caused by digestive system diseases,

followed by circulatory system diseases and respir-

atory diseases. For males, the highest hospital

separations were due to circulatory system diseas-

es followed digestive system diseases and respira-

tory system diseases.

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Age-Standardized Hospital Separations Rate by ICD Chapters in Saskatchewan, 2008Fig: 6.9

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

Sex-s

pecif

ic R

ate

per

100,0

00

Crude Mortality Rate by ICD Chapters by Sex in Saskatchewan, 2009

Male

Female

Fig: 6.10

Infectious and Parasitic Diseases: This ICD

chapter includes infections and diseases caused by

bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic and other infec-

tious agents. Hospital separation rates due to in-

fectious and parasitic diseases decreased signifi-

cantly from 1995 to 2008 in Saskatchewan, from

261.6 per 100,000 in 1995 to 192.8 per 100,000 in

2008 (Figure 6.11).

Hospital separation rates varied across age groups

over the period 1995-2008, with the highest rate in

those aged less than one year. The hospital sepa-

ration rate of this age group varied between two

and five times the rate of the next highest group,

the 75 years and older age category, and decreased

61 percent during the fourteen year time period

(Figure 6.12). The age-specific rates for the re-

maining age groups remained relatively stable over

the same time period.

In 2008, the age-specific hospital separation rates

per 100,000 population due to infectious and para-

sitic diseases were found for the following age

groups:


1-19 years 212.6

20-44 years 97.4

45-64 years 155.7

65-74 years 319.2

75+ years 622.5

Sex-specific hospital separation rates decreased for

both sexes over the period 1995 to 2008 (Figure

6.13). Male and female rates were quite similar

and both exhibited fluctuations over the fourteen

years.

In 2008, the rate was 192.8 per 100,000 in Sas-

katchewan. Rates for Five Hills, Keewatin Yatthé,

Regina Qu'Appelle and Sunrise Regional Health

Authorities were significantly higher than the pro-

vincial rate and Heartland, Prairie North and Sas-

katoon were significantly lower.

Fig: 6.12

Fig: 6.13

M o r b i d i t y

Fig: 6.11

M o r b i d i t y

Neoplasms: This ICD chapter includes the malig-

nant, benign, in situ and other neoplasms. Hospi-

tal separation rates due to neoplasms decreased

significantly from 1995 to 2008 in Saskatchewan,

from 793.3 per 100,000 in 1995 to 541.7 per

100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.14).


over the time period 1995-2008, with the highest

rate in those aged 75 years and older (Figure 6.15).

The age-specific rate of this group was 15 to 30

percent higher than the rate of the next highest

group, the 65 to 74 year age group, and rates for

both age groups decreased over the time period.

The rates for the remaining age groups were stable

or slightly decreased. Hospitalization in those

aged under one year was rare over the observation

period and therefore, the rates were not displayed.


per 100,000 population due to neoplasms were

found for the following age groups:

1-19 years 97.6

20-44 years 179.6

45-64 years 952.1

65-74 years 2,216.2

75+ years 2,548.7


both sexes over the time period 1995 to 2008

(Figure 6.16). The rate was consistently higher for

females than males.

In 2008, the rate due to neoplasms was 541.7 per

100,000 in Saskatchewan. Rates for Cypress, Kel-

sey Trail and Prairie North Regional Health Author-

ities were significantly higher than the province

and Mamawetan Churchill River and Regina

Qu'Appelle were significantly lower.

Fig: 6.14

Fig: 6.15

Fig: 6.16

M o r b i d i t y

Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases:

This ICD chapter includes diseases of the endo-

crine system such as the thyroid gland, pancreas

including diabetes, and other glands; nutritional

diseases such as malnutrition, obesity, and meta-

bolic disorders of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Hospital separation rates due to endocrine, nutri-

tional and metabolic diseases fluctuated from 1995

to 2008 in Saskatchewan (Figure 6.17). The rates

between 324.0 per 100,000 in 1995 and 312.2 per

100,000 in 2008 did not significantly differ.



rate in those aged 75 years and older being over

one and a half times the rate of the next highest

group, the 65 to 74 year age group, which was two

times higher than the rate for the 45 to 64 year age

group (Figure 6.18). The age-specific rates for the

remaining age groups remained relatively stable

over the same time period.


per 100,000 population due to endocrine, nutri-

tional and metabolic disease were found for the


Less than 1 year 202.6

1-19 years 104.4

20-44 years 177.3

45-64 years 380.5

65-74 years 924.0

75+ years 1,554.3

Sex-specific hospital separation rates remained

stable for both sexes over the time period 1995 to

2008 (Figure 6.19). The rate was consistently

higher for females than males.

In 2008, the rate due to endocrine, nutritional and

metabolic disease was 312.2/100,000 in Saskatch-

ewan. Rates for Cypress, Kelsey Trail, Mamawetan

Churchill River, Prairie North, and Sunrise were

significantly higher than the provincial rate and

Five Hill and Saskatoon Regional Health Authori-

ties were significantly lower.

Fig: 6.17

Fig: 6.18

Fig: 6.19

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of Blood and Blood-forming Organs

and Immunity Disorders: This ICD chapter in-

cludes anemias, haemorrhagic conditions and im-

mune disorders. Hospital separation rates due to

diseases of blood and blood-forming organs de-

creased significantly from 1995 to 2008 in Sas-

katchewan. Although stable during 2001 to 2008,

a significant decrease in the rates was observed

between 1995 and 2000 so the rate significantly

decreased from 127.0 to 98.6 per 100,000 between

1995 and 2008 (Figure 6.20).



those aged 75 years and older (Figure 6.21). The

age-specific rate of this group was just over double

the rate of the next highest group, the 65 to 74

year age group. The rates for all age groups have

remained fairly stable during the time period.

Hospitalization in those aged under 1 year was

rare over the observation period and, therefore, the

rates were not displayed.


per 100,000 population due to blood and immuni-

ty disorders were found for the following age

groups:

1-19 years 48.5

20-44 years 34.2

45-64 years 95.2

65-74 years 296.8

75+ years 673.6


both sexes over the time period 1995 to 2009

(Figure 6.22). In all years, the rate was slightly

higher for females than for males.

In 2008, the rate due to diseases of blood and

blood-forming organs & immunity disorders was

98.6/100,000 in Saskatchewan. Rates for Cy-

press, Keewatin Yatthé and Sunrise Regional

Health Authorities were statistically higher than

the provincial rate and Saskatoon had a signifi-

cantly lower rate.

Fig: 6.20

Fig: 6.21

Fig: 6.22

Mental Disorders: This ICD chapter includes

mental and behavioural disorders including sub-

stance use, schizophrenia, mood disorders, neu-

rotic disorders and dementias. Hospital separation

rates due to mental disorders decreased signifi-

cantly from 1995 to 2008 in Saskatchewan. Alt-

hough stable during 2001 to 2008, a significant

decrease in the rates was observed between 1995

and 2000 so the rate significantly decreased from

760.7 to 572.0 per 100,000 between 1995 and

2008 (Figure 6.23).



those aged 75 years and older. The age-specific

rates of most age groups remained fairly stable or

decreased slightly during the time period (Figure

6.24), although there was a significant decrease in

rates for those aged 75 years and older. Hospitali-

zation in those aged under 1 year was rare over the

observation period and, therefore, the rates were

not displayed.


per 100,000 population due to mental disorders

were found for the following age groups:

1-19 years 321.6

20-44 years 716.3

45-64 years 591.8

65-74 years 509.6

75+ years 873.0


both sexes over the period 1995 to 2008 (Figure

6.25). The rate was consistently higher in females.

In 2008, the rate for Saskatchewan was 572.0 per

100,000. Rates for Athabasca Health Authority,

Cypress, Five Hills, Kelsey Trail, Mamawetan

Churchill River, Prairie North and Prince Albert

Parkland Regional Health Authorities were statisti-

cally higher than the provincial rate and Saska-

toon was significantly lower.

Fig: 6.25

Fig: 6.23

Fig: 6.24

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Or-

gans: This ICD chapter includes nervous system

disorders such as inflammatory diseases of the

central nervous system, Alzheimer’s disease, de-

myelinating diseases (for example, multiple sclero-

sis), as well as diseases of the sense organs. Hos-

pital separation rates due to diseases of the nerv-

ous system and sense organs decreased signifi-

cantly from 1995 to 2008 in Saskatchewan, from

440.6 to 256.1 per 100,000 (Figure 6.26).



rates in those aged 75 years and over and the less

than one year groups, both of which saw signifi-

cant decreases over the observation period.

(Figure 6.27).


per 100,000 population due to diseases of the

nervous system and sense organs were found for

the following age groups:


1-19 years 164.8

20-44 years 153.3

45-64 years 262.5

65-74 years 578.2

75+ years 1,083.9

Sex-specific hospital separation rates varied for

both sexes over the time period 1995 to 2008, with

a decrease seen for both (Figure 6.28). The rate

was slightly higher in females than for males in all

years.

In 2008, the rate due to diseases of the nervous

system and sense organs was 256.1/100,000 in

Saskatchewan. Rates for Cypress, Heartland,

Mamawetan Churchill River, Prairie North, Sun

Country and Sunrise Regional Health Authorities

were statistically higher than the provincial rate

and Saskatoon was significantly lower.

Fig: 6.26

Fig: 6.28

M o r b i d i t y

Fig: 6.27

Diseases of the Circulatory System: This ICD

chapter includes conditions such as rheumatic

fever, hypertensive diseases, ischemic heart dis-

eases, and pulmonary heart disease. Hospital sep-

arations rates due to diseases of the circulatory

system decreased significantly from 1995 to 2008

in Saskatchewan, from 1751.8 to 1092.8 per

100,000 (Figure 6.29).


over the time period 1995-2008. The highest rates

were in those aged 75 years and older which were

approximately two times that of the next highest

group, the 65 to 74 year age group and both age

groups decreased over the time period (Figure

6.30). Hospitalization in those aged under 1 year

was rare over the observation period and, there-

fore, the rates were not displayed.


per 100,000 population due to diseases of the cir-

culatory system were found for the following age

groups:

1-19 years 62.0

20-44 years 239.9

45-64 years 1,356.5

65-74 years 4,340.1

75+ years 9,048.4

Sex-specific hospital separation rates decreased

gradually for both sexes over the time period 1995

to 2008. The male rate was higher than female

rate in every year (Figure 6.31).

In 2008, the rate due to diseases of the circulatory

system was 1,092.8/100,000 in Saskatchewan.

Rates for Cypress, Prairie North, Sunrise and the

Northern Regional Health Authorities were signifi-

cantly higher than the provincial rate and Regina

Qu'Appelle and Saskatoon were statistically low-

er.

The three northern regions (Mamawetan Churchill

River, Keewatin Yatthé and the Athabasca Health

Authority) were combined due to small numbers

of separations in each region.

Diseases of the Circulatory System: Age-standardized

Rate of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.29

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of the Circulatory System: Crude Rate of

Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Age Group,

1995 - 2008

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.30

Diseases of the Circulatory System: Crude Rate of

Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Sex, 1995 -

2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.31

Diseases of the Respiratory System: This ICD

chapter includes the upper and lower respiratory

conditions such as asthma and COPD and acute

and chronic respiratory infections. Hospital sepa-

ration rates due to diseases of the respiratory sys-

tem decreased significantly from 1995 to 2008 in

Saskatchewan, especially between 1995 and 1997

and 1999 and 2001. Overall the rates decreased

from 1,969.8 to 1,097.0 per 100,000 (Figure 6.32).

Hospitalization rates for most age groups were sta-

ble over the time period 1995-2008, with the high-

est rate in those aged less than one year which

decreased over the time period. The age-specific

rate of this group was between 1.5 and 3.5 times

higher than the next highest group, the 75 year

and older age group (Figure 6.33).


per 100,000 population due to diseases of the res-

piratory system were found for the following age

groups:


1-19 years 1,143.2

20-44 years 336.1

45-64 years 715.0

65-74 years 2,387.1

75+ years 5,282.8


both females and males over the time period 1995

to 2008 (Figure 6.34). The rate was higher in

males than for females for all years.

In 2008, the rate due to diseases of the respiratory

system was 1,097.0/100,000 in Saskatchewan.

Rates for Cypress, Heartland, Kelsey Trail, Prince

Albert, Prairie North, Sunrise and the combined

three Northern Regional Health Authorities were


only Saskatoon was significantly lower.

Diseases of the Respiratory System: Crude Rate of Hospital Separations

in Saskatchewan by Sex, 1995 - 2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.34

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of the Respiratory System: Age-standardized Rate of Hospital

Separations in Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.32

Diseases of the Respiratory System: Crude Rate of Hospital Separations

in Saskatchewan by Age Group, 1995 - 2008

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.33

Diseases of the Digestive System: This ICD

chapter includes diseases and disorders of the

teeth, stomach, appendix, intestines, liver and oth-

er digestive system components. Hospital separa-

tion rates due to diseases of the digestive system

decreased significantly from 1995 to 2008 in Sas-

katchewan, from 1,829.0 per 100,000 in 1995 to

1,262.0 per 100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.35).



rates in those aged 75 years and older and was

approximately 25 percent to 50 percent higher

than the next highest rates in the 65 to 74 year

and less than one year age groups (Figure 6.36).

The rates decreased in all these categories during

the time period.


per 100,000 due to diseases of the digestive system

were found for the following age groups:


1-19 years 584.3

20-44 years 958.5

45-64 years 1,442.0

65-74 years 2,756.7

75+ years 4,623.3


slightly over the time period 1995 to 2008 (Figure

6.37). The rate was similar for the sexes for most

years, with females slightly higher in each year.

In 2008, the rate due to diseases of the digestive

system was 1,262.0 per 100,000 in Saskatchewan.

Rates for Athabasca Health Authority, Cypress,

Five Hills, Heartland, Kelsey Trail, Mamawetan

Churchill River, Prairie North, Sun Country, and

Sunrise Health Regional Health Authorities were

statistically higher than the provincial rate and

Prince Albert Parkland and Saskatoon had lower

rates.

Diseases of the Digestive System: Crude Rate of Hospital

Separations in Saskatchewan by Sex, 1995 - 2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.37

Diseases of the Digestive System: Age-standardized Rate

of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.35

Diseases of the Digestive System: Crude Rate of

Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Age

Group, 1995 - 2008

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.36

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of the Genitourinary System: This ICD

chapter includes diseases of the urinary system,

genital organs and breasts. Hospital separation

rates due to diseases of the genitourinary system

decreased significantly from 1995 to 2008 in Sas-

katchewan, from 988.3 per 100,000 in 1995 to

568.7 per 100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.38).



rate seen in those aged 75 years and older and the

rate of this group was approximately one and a

half times the next highest rate, the 65 to 74 year

age group. The rates decreased in all age groups

other than the less than one year old which dis-

played an increase (Figure 6.39).


per 100,000 due to diseases of the genitourinary

system were found for the following age groups:


1-19 years 160.2

20-44 years 470.6

45-64 years 744.9

65-74 years 1,250.2

75+ years 1,918.6


over the time period 1995 to 2008 (Figure 6.40).

The rate was higher for females than for males for

every year.


rate due to diseases of the genitourinary system

was 568.7 per 100,000 in Saskatchewan. Rates

for Cypress, Heartland, Keewatin Yatthé, Mamawe-

tan Churchill River, Prairie North, Sun Country

and Sunrise Regional Health Authorities were sig-

nificantly higher than the provincial rate and

Prince Albert Parkland, Regina Qu'Appelle and

Saskatoon were significantly lower.

Diseases of the Genitourinary System: Crude Rate

of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Age

Group, 1995 - 2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Diseases of the Genitourinary System: Crude Rate of

Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Sex, 1995 - 2008

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.40

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of the Genitourinary System: Age-standardized

Rate of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.38

Fig: 6.39

Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium: Age-

standardized Rate of Hospital Separations among

Females in Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.41 Diseases of Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Pu-

erperium: This ICD Chapter includes pregnancy,

childbirth and conditions arising during six weeks

post-partum (puerperium). Hospital separation

rate dues to diseases of pregnancy, childbirth and

the puerperium decreased slightly from 1995 to

2008, from 5,863.4 per 100,000 in 1995 to 5,144.5

per 100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.41).



rates in the 20 to 29 year age group. Rates de-

clined by 26.0 percent and 22.9 percent in the 10

to 19 and 20 to 29 year age groups, respectively. In

contrast, the rate in the 30 to 39 year age group

increased by 15.1 percent during the same time

period, while the rate in the 40 to 49 year age

group remained fairly stable. (Figure 6.42). Rates

for women aged 50 to 59 years are not reported

due to small numbers.


per 100,000 due to pregnancy, childbirth and pu-

erperium were found for the following age groups:

10-19 years 2,277.9

20-29 years 11,691.5

30-39 years 7,618.6

40-49 years 337.4

The annual crude rate for females in Saskatche-

wan decreased by 19.9 percent from 1995 to 2008

(Figure 6.43).


rate due to pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperi-

um was 5,144.5 per 100,000. Rates for Athabasca

Health Authority and Keewatin Yatthé, Mamawe-

tan Churchill River, Prince Albert Parkland, and

Prairie North Regional Health Authorities were sig-

nificantly higher than the provincial rate and Cy-

press, Five Hills, Sunrise and Saskatoon Health

Regions were significantly lower.

.

Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium: Crude

Rate of Hospital Separations among Females in

Saskatchewan by Age Group, 1995 - 2008

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

10-19

20-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

Fig: 6.42

M o r b i d i t y

Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium: Crude Rate of

Hospital Separations among Females in Saskatchewan,

1995 - 2008

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Fig: 6.43

Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue:

This ICD chapter includes diseases of the skin and

subcutaneous tissue. Hospitalization rates due to

of the skin and subcutaneous tissue decreased

slightly, but significantly, from 1995 to 2008 in

Saskatchewan, from 180.9 per 100,000 in 1995 to

166.2 per 100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.44).

Hospital separations rates varied across age

groups over the time period 1995-2008, with the

highest rate in the less than one year and 75 and

older age groups. The lowest rates were in the one

to 19 years and the 20 to 44 year age groups.

(Figure 6.45).

In 2008, the age-specific hospital rates per

100,000 due to diseases of the skin and subcuta-

neous tissue were found for the following age

groups:


1-19 years 107.5

20-44 years 136.5

45-64 years 156.4

65-74 years 271.6

75+ years 526.6

Sex-specific hospital separation rates fluctuated


The rate was slightly higher for males than for

males in every year, except in 2001.


rate due to diseases of the skin and subcutaneous

tissue was 166.2 per 100,000 in Saskatchewan.

Rates for Keewatin Yatthé, Mamawetan Churchill

River, and Sunrise Regional Health Authorities

were significantly higher than the provincial rate

and Regina Qu'Appelle and Saskatoon were signifi-

cantly lower.

Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue: Crude

Rate of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Sex,

1995 - 2008

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.46

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue: Age-

standardized Rate of Hospital Separations in

Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.44

Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue:

Crude Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.45

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System & Connective

Tissue: Age-standardized Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.47 Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System: This

ICD chapter includes the arthropathies, soft tissue

disorders, and osteopathies. Hospitalization rates

due to diseases of the musculoskeletal system and

connective tissue decreased significantly from

1995 to 2008 in Saskatchewan, from 721.9 in

1995 to 483.0 per 100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.47).



rate in those aged 75 years and older. The age-

specific rate of this age group was approximately

22 percent higher than the next highest rate which

was the 65 to 74 year age group (Figure 6.48).

Rates were not displayed for those under one years

due to small numbers.

In 2008, the age-specific hospital rates per

100,000 due to diseases of the musculoskeletal

system were found for the following age groups:

1-19 years 15.0

20-44 years 209.8

45-64 years 698.6

65-74 years 1,873.2

75+ years 2,414.5



The rates were higher for females than for males in

every year.


rate due to diseases of the musculoskeletal system

was 483.0/100,000 in Saskatchewan. Rates for

Cypress, Sun Country and Sunrise Regional

Health Authorities were significantly higher than

the provincial rate and Prairie North and Saska-

toon were significantly lower.

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System &

Connective Tissue: Crude Rate of Hospital


2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.48

M o r b i d i t y

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System & Connective

Tissue: Crude Rate of Hospital Separations in

Saskatchewan by Sex, 1995 - 2008

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.49

Congenital Anomalies: This ICD chapter in-

cludes congenital malformations and deformations,

and chromosomal abnormalities. There appeared

to be a significantly decreasing trend in hospitali-

zation rates due to congenital anomalies from 1995

to 2008 in Saskatchewan, from 107.4 in 1995 to

74.7 per 100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.50).

Hospital separation rates varied by age group over

the time period 1995-2008, with the highest rate

in the less than one age group, which was over 47

times the rate for the one to 19 year age group,

which was over four times higher than the next

two age groups, 20 to 44 years and 45 to 64 years

(Figure 6.51 and 6.52). The remaining age groups

were not displayed due to small numbers.


due to congenital anomalies were found for the



1-19 years 67.8

20-44 years 16.2

45-64 years 16.8

Figure 6.51 displays age groups from birth to 19

years. Only the age groups between 1-64 years are

displayed in Figure 6.52. Age groups for 65 years

and over were not displayed due to small numbers.

Sex-specific hospital separation rates exhibited a

decline over the time period 1995 to 2008 with

some fluctuations (Figure 6.53). The rate was

higher for males than for females for all the years.


rate due to congenital anomalies was

74.7/100,000 in Saskatchewan. Rates for the Five

Hills Regional Health Authority was significantly

lower than the provincial rate.

M o r b i d i t y

Congenital Anomalies: Crude Rate of Hospital


2008

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.52

Congenital Anomalies: Crude Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.53

Congenital Anomalies: Age-standardized Rate of Hospital

Separations in Saskatchewan, 1995 - 2008

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.50

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Year

Congenital Anomalies: Crude Rate of Hospital Separations among Children and Youth Aged 0 to 19 Years in


<1

1 - 9

10 - 19

Fig: 6.51

M o r b i d i t y

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period:

Crude Rate of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by

Sex, 1995 - 2008

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.56

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal

Period: This ICD chapter includes birth trauma,

complications of pregnancy, labour and delivery,

and perinatal infections. Hospitalization rates due

to certain conditions originating in the perinatal

period decreased significantly from 1995 to 2008

in Saskatchewan, from 473.9 per 100,000 in 1995

to 331.6 per 100,000 in 2008 (Figure 6.54).

Hospital separation rates were displayed for the

under one year of age group which decreased with

some fluctuations from 1995 through 2008 (Figure

6.55). The remaining age groups had less than 20

separations per year for the time period 1995-

2008.

In 2008, the age-specific hospital separation rate

due to certain conditions originating in the perina-

tal period for the less than one year old group was

23,084.4 per 100,000.

Sex-specific separation rates decreased over the

time period 1995 to 2008 (Figure 6.56). The rate

was higher for females than for males in every

year.


rate due to certain conditions originating in the

perinatal period was 331.6/100,000 in Saskatche-

wan. Rates for Five Hills, Regina Qu'Appelle and

Sunrise Regional Health Authorities were signifi-

cantly higher than the provincial rate and Cypress,

Keewatin Yatthé and Saskatoon Health Regions

were significantly lower.


Age-standardized Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.54


Crude Rate of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan

by Age Group, 1995 - 2008

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.55

Ill-Defined Conditions: This ICD chapter in-

cludes symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and

laboratory findings not elsewhere classified. Hos-

pitalization rates due to symptoms, signs and ill-

defined conditions decreased significantly from

1995 to 2008 in Saskatchewan, from 920.0 per

100,000 in 1995 to 692.7 per 100,000 in 2008

(Figure 6.57).


over the time period 1995-2008. Rates were high-

est in the less than one year and 75 or older age

groups. The rates declined in all age groups, ex-

cept the 75 or older age group which experienced a

7.4 percent increase. The less than one year age

group experienced the greatest decline, with a de-

crease of 53.0 percent during this period (Figure

6.58).


per 100,000 population due to ill-defined condi-

tions were found for the following age groups:


1-19 years 349.3

20-44 years 392.0

45-64 years 683.3

65-74 years 1,653.4

75+ years 3,627.5


slightly over the time period 1995 to 2008 (Figure

6.59). The rates were higher for females than for

males in every year.


rate due to ill-defined conditions was 692.7 per

100,000 in Saskatchewan. Rates for Cypress, Kel-

sey Trail, Keewatin Yatthé, Mamawetan Churchill

River, Sun Country, and Sunrise Regional Health

Authorities were significantly higher than the pro-

vincial rate and Five Hills, Prince Albert Parkland,

Prairie North and Saskatoon were significantly low-

er.

Symptoms, Signs and Ill-defined Conditions: Age-

standardized Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.57

M o r b i d i t y

Symptoms, Signs and Ill-defined Conditions: Crude

Rate of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by

Age Group, 1995 - 2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.58

Symptoms, Signs and Ill-defined Conditions: Crude Rate of

Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Sex, 1995 - 2008

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.59

External Causes of Injury and Poisoning: This

ICD chapter includes external causes of hospitali-

zation including accidents, assaults, intentional

self-harm, and complications of medical and surgi-

cal care. Hospital separation rate related to exter-

nal causes of injury and poisoning decreased sig-

nificantly from 1995 to 2008 in Saskatchewan,

from 1,235.7 per 100,000 in 1995 to 893.7 per

100,000 in 2009 (Figure 6.60).


over the time period 1995-2009, with the rates

slightly declining in all age groups. The highest

hospitalization rate was seen for those aged 75

years and older and the age-specific mortality rate

of this age group was almost two times the rate of

the next highest rates, the 65 to 74 year age group

(Figure 6.61).


per 100,000 population related to external causes

of injury and poisoning were found for the follow-

ing age groups:


1-19 years 674.4

20-44 years 731.9

45-64 years 757.6

65-74 years 1,377.6

75+ years 3,540.6



The rate was higher in males than females for all

years.


rate related to external causes of injury and poi-

soning was 893.7 per 100,000 in Saskatchewan.

Rates for Athabasca Health Authority and Kelsey

Trail, Keewatin Yatthé, Mamawetan Churchill Riv-

er, Sun Country and Sunrise Health Regions' were


Saskatoon Health Region was significantly lower.

Injury, Poisoning & Other Consequences of External

Causes: Age-standardized Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ag

e-s

tan

dard

ized

Rate

per

100,0

00

Fig: 6.60

Injury, Poisoning & Other Consequences of External

Causes: Crude Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Fig: 6.62

Injury, Poisoning & Certain Other Consequences of

External Causes: Crude Rate of Hospital


2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Fig: 6.61

M o r b i d i t y

M o r b i d i t y

Sel f -Repor ted Heal th Self-rated health is used as a predictor of the over-

all health status of the population. The Canadian

Community Health Survey (CCHS) asks respond-

ents to rate his/her health as “excellent, very good,

good, fair or poor”.

The CCHS self-reported health indicators were as-

sessed; good, very good and excellent health, very

good and excellent health, and fair and poor

health. The indicator descriptions and detailed

findings are presented on page 25 with Figures

6.63 - 6.65 for good, very good and excellent

health, page 26 with Figures 6.66 - 6.68 for very

good and excellent health and page 27 with Fig-

ures 6.69 - 6.71 for fair and poor health.

The key findings are as follows:

In 2007/08, the percentages of Saskatchewan resi-

dents rating their health as “good, very good or

excellent”, “very good or excellent” and “fair or

poor” were similar to that found for Canada, and

all indicators remained fairly constant over the

survey time period from 2000/2001 to 2007/2008

(Figure 6.63, 6.64 and 6.65).

The age-specific percentages for the three age

groups, as well as, the detailed age analysis for

“good, very good and excellent health” indicated

that as age increases, ratings decreased for good,

very good and excellent health and a correspond-

ing increase in fair and poor health was seen

(Figure 6.64, 6.67, 6.70 and Table 6.1). The drop

in ratings began at age 40-49 years; however it

should be noted that over 30 percent of seniors

indicated that their health was “very good or excel-

lent” (Figure 6.64).

For all self rated health status indicators, male

and female percentages were similar and stayed

relatively constant over the survey period (Figure

6.65, 6.68 and 6.71).

Table 6-1: Age-specific percentages for self-rated health

status, 2007/08

Age (years) Good, Very

Good and

Excellent

Health (%)

Very Good and

Excellent

Health (%)

Fair and Poor

Health (%)

20-44 94.3 65.7 5.7

45-64 85.7 51.8 14.2

65+ 70.6 30.4 29.3

M o r b i d i t y

Prevalence of self-rated good, very good and excellent health in all ages (12+

years), Canada and Saskatchewan, CCHS, 2000/01, 2003, 2005, 2007/2008.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

CCHS year

Rate

, %

Canada 88.1 88.7 88.8 88.5

Saskatchewan 87.2 87.9 86.9 87.2

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/08

Prevalence of self-rated good, very good or excellent health in all ages (12+),

Saskatchewan, CCHS Cycles, 1.1 (2000/01), 2.1 (2003), 3.1 (2005), 4.1 and 5.1

(2007/2008).

0

20

40

60

80

100

Age group years by Survey years

Rate

, %

2000/01 94.3 93.8 93.8 92.9 94.8 92.4 92.0 89.6 87.4 83.6 79.5 77.8 71.5 62.1

2003 96.1 92.3 95.7 93.7 96.1 92.3 91.0 88.0 89.6 83.7 87.0 79.0 74.6 62.8

2005 95.7 94.8 94.9 93.3 91.5 94.2 90.5 89.2 86.1 84.3 77.4 81.3 72.6 62.2

2007/2008 91.3 93.4 94.6 95.6 95.1 93.8 91.9 86.3 87.6 86.7 79.6 78.7 75.7 63.3

12-

14

15-

19

20-

24

25-

29

30-

34

35-

39

40-

44

45-

49

50-

54

55-

59

60-

64

65-

69

70-

74 75+

Prevalence of self-rated good, very good and excellent health in 12+ year olds,

by Sex, Saskatchewan, CCHS Cycles, 1.1 (2000/01), 2.1 (2003), 3.1 (2005), 4.1

and 5.1 (2007/2008).

0

20

40

60

80

100

Sex by Year(s)

Rate

, %

Female 86.8 87.5 86.1 87.3

Male 87.7 88.2 87.8 87.2

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/2008

Self-rated good, very good and excellent health:

From 2000/01 to 2007/08, the proportion of

CCHS respondents (12 years and older) who re-

ported having good, very good or excellent health

remained fairly constant for Canada and Saskatch-

ewan. The Saskatchewan proportion remained

around 87 percent and the Canadian proportion

remained around 88 percent, with the difference

between Saskatchewan and Canada being signifi-

cant only for 2005 (Figure 6.63).

Self-reported proportions varied across age groups

over the survey time period. The proportions re-

mained relatively stable up to and including the

age group 35-39 years and then began to decline

with advancing age, with proportions falling to be-

low 80 percent in people aged 60 years and older

(Figure 6.64).

In 2007/08, the age-specific percentages of Sas-

katchewan residents that reported good, very good

or excellent health were found for the following age

groups:

30-34 years 95.1%

35-39 years 93.8%

40-44 years 91.9%

45-49 years 86.3%

50-54 years 87.6%

55-59 years 86.7%

60-64 years 79.6%

65-69 years 78.7%

70-74 years 75.7%

75+ years 63.3%

Sex-specific proportions of Saskatchewan residents

remained relatively similar and stable for both sex-

es (Figure 6.65).

In 2007/08, the proportion was 87.2 percent in

Saskatchewan. Most Regional Health Authority

percentages did not differ significantly from the

province, with the exception of Sunrise Health Re-

gion which was lower.

Fig: 6.63

Fig: 6.64

Fig: 6.65

M o r b i d i t y

Prevalence of self-rated very good and excellent health in 12+ year olds, by

age group, Saskatchewan, CCHS Cycles, 1.1 (2000/01), 2.1 (2003), 3.1 (2005), 4.1

and 5.1 (2007/2008).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Age group by Year(s)

Rate

, %

20-44 65.9 70.8 66.0 65.7

45-64 52.8 55.7 56.7 51.8

65+ 33.3 33.2 32.4 30.4

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/2008

Self-rated very good and excellent health: As ex-

pected, the proportion of very good or excellent self

-reported health (two combined categories) was

significantly lower than those seen for self-reported

good, very good or excellent health (three combined

categories).



ported having very good or excellent health de-

clined slightly. The Saskatchewan rate was signifi-

cantly lower than the Canadian proportion in

2000/01, 2005 and 2007/08 (Figure 6.66). The

Saskatchewan proportion declined from 57.0 to

55.3 percent but the decline was not statistically

significant, while the Canadian proportion de-

creased significantly from 61.5 to 59.2 percent.


over the survey time period and the proportions

declined significantly with advancing age (Figure

6.67).


katchewan residents that reported very good or

excellent health were found for the following age

groups:

20-44 years 65.7%

45-64 years 51.8%

65+ years 30.4%

Sex-specific proportions remained relatively similar

for both sexes (Figure 6.68). The proportions

tended to decline from 2003 to 2007/08, but the

difference was not statistically significant.

In 2007/08, the self-reported proportions of very

good or excellent health was 55.3 percent in Sas-

katchewan. Most Regional Health Authority per-

centages did not differ significantly from the prov-

ince with the exception of Kelsey Trail and the

combined northern region being lower and Heart-

land being higher.

Fig: 6.67

Prevalence of self-rated very good and excellent health in all ages (12+ years),

Canada and Saskatchewan, CCHS, 2000/01, 2003, 2005, 2007/2008.

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

CCHS year

Rate

, %

Canada 61.5 58.6 60.2 59.2

Saskatchewan 57.0 59.5 57.8 55.3

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/2008

Fig: 6.66

Prevalence of self-rated very good and excellent health in 12+ olds, by Sex,


(2007/2008).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Sex by Year(s)

Rate

, %

Female 55.9 59.4 57.4 55.2

Male 58.1 59.6 58.3 55.4

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/2008

Fig: 6.68

M o r b i d i t y

Self-rated fair and poor health: As expected the pro-

portions of fair or poor self-reported health were

significantly lower than those seen for self-reported

good, very good or excellent health.



ported having fair or poor health remained fairly

constant for Canada and Saskatchewan. The pro-

portion for residents of Saskatchewan remained

around 12 percent and the Canadian proportion

remained around 11 percent, with the difference

between Saskatchewan and Canada being signifi-

cant only for 2005 (Figure 6.69).


over the survey time period and increased signifi-

cantly as age groups advanced (Figure 6.70).


katchewan residents that reported fair or poor

health were found for the following age groups:

12-19 years 7.4%

20-44 years 5.7%

45-64 years 14.2%

65+ years 29.3%

Sex-specific proportions relatively stable for both

sexes (Figure 6.71). Females had higher propor-

tions from 2000/01 to 2005; however, the differ-

ence was not significant.

In 2007/08, the self-reported proportion for fair or

poor health was 12.6 percent in Saskatchewan.

Most Regional Health Authority percentages did

not differ significantly from the province with the

exception of Sunrise Health Region being lower.

Prevalence of self-rated fair and poor health status in 12+ year olds), Canada

and Saskatchewan, CCHS, 2000/01, 2003, 2005, 2007/2008.

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

CCHS year

Rate

, %

Canada 11.9 11.2 11.1 11.4

Saskatchewan 12.8 12.0 12.9 12.6

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/2008

Prevalence of self-rated fair or poor health in 12+ year olds, by age group,


(2007/2008).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Age group by Year(s)

Rate

, %

12-19 6.0 6.4 4.9 7.4

20-44 6.9 6.4 7.1 5.7

45-64 13.9 12.7 14.7 14.2

65+ 31.4 29.3 29.6 29.3

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/2008

Prevalence of self-rated fair or poor health in 12+ year olds, by Sex,


(2007/2008).

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Sex by Year(s)

Rate

, %

Female 13.2 12.3 13.7 12.5

Male 12.3 11.7 12.0 12.7

2000/01 2003 2005 2007/2008

Fig: 6.69

Fig: 6.70

Fig: 6.71

Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) - Health-

adjusted life expectancy (HALE) is the number of

years in full health that an individual can expect to

live given the current morbidity and mortality con-

ditions and is a summary measure of population

health that combines mortality and morbidity data

into a single index (Statistics Canada, 2012).

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) -

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is

the foundation for the identification of health

trends and statistics globally. It sets the interna-

tional standard for defining and reporting diseases

and health conditions by defining the universe of

diseases, disorders, injuries and other related

health conditions (World Health Organization,

2013).

Injury - A bodily lesion resulting from acute over-

exposure to energy (this can be mechanical, ther-

mal, electrical, chemical or radiant) interacting

with the body in amounts or rates that exceed the

threshold of physiological tolerance. Injuries may

be unintentional (i.e., not purposely inflicted, ei-

ther by the patient or anyone else) or intentional

injury (i.e., purposefully caused). In some cases

an injury results from an insufficiency of any of

the vital elements (e.g., oxygen, warmth). Acute

poisonings and toxic effects, including overdoses of

substances and wrong substances given or taken

in error are included. Psychological harm and as-

sault are excluded. Note that the scope of this defi-

nition is in accordance with the scope of the ICD-9

Supplementary Classification of External Causes of

Injury and Poisoning and ICD-10 CA Chapter XX.

(Public Health Agency of Canada 2005).

Life Expectancy - Life expectancy is an estimate

of the number of years a person would be expected

to live, either from birth or from age 65 years,

based on age- and sex-specific mortality rates for a

given period, under the assumption that these

mortality rates would stay constant over subse-

quent years (St-Arnaud, J, et al, 2005).

Morbidity - Illness.

Mortality - Death.

Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) - The num-

bers of years of life lost when a person dies prema-

turely from any cause, typically, before age 75.

The PYLL rate for a given period is the ratio of the

total years of life lost before age 75 to the total

population under 75 and is usually expressed per

1,000 population.

Rates - The rate is the proportion of a group affect-

ed over a period of time (such as a year). It ex-

presses the number of hospital separations or

deaths, usually per 100,000 population. Hospital

separation rates are calculated using Saskatche-

wan Ministry of Health Covered Population in the

denominator whereas Statistics Canada’s popula-

tion estimates are used for mortality rate calcula-

tions. To compare rates in populations or of the

same population in different years, age standardi-

zation is applied using the 1991 census population

of Canada as a standard population.

The crude rate is ratio of the total number of

hospital separations or deaths for selected

causes of injury relative to the total population

and is usually expressed per 100,000 popula-

tion.

The age-specific rate is the ratio of the total

number of hospital separations or deaths for

selected causes of injury in a given age group

to the total population in that age group and is

usually expressed per 100,000 population.

The age-standardized rate is the number of

hospital separations or deaths for selected

causes of injury per 100,000 population that

would occur in the population if it had the

same age distribution as the 1991 Canadian

census population. It is defined as the

weighted average of the age-specific rates

where the weights are taken from the standard

population. Confidence intervals for the age-

standardized rates were calculated using the

gamma method. (See: Fay PM and Feuer EJ.

Confidence intervals for directly standardized

rates - A method based on gamma distribu-

tion. Stat Med 1997;16:791-801).

D ef in i t io ns

M o r b i d i t y

A. Definitions:

Number of hospitaliza-

tions during a given cal-

endar year per 100,000

population. Annual

morbidity indicators in-

clude: 1) crude rate, 2)

sex- and age-specific rate

and 3) age-standardized

morbidity rate. Age-

standardized rates repre-

sent the rate that would

occur if the population

had the same age distri-

bution as the 1991 Cana-

dian population. ICD

codes: ICD9 320-389/

ICD10 G00-H95

B. Significance/Use:

These numbers represent

the number of individuals

hospitalized in a year.

Morbidity data are useful

in planning health ser-

vices and programs, set-

ting objectives and tar-

gets and comparing dis-

ease status over person,

place and time.

C. Limitations:

Hospitalizations do not

reflect disease severity.

The analyses are based

only on the underlying

cause of hospitalization

but there may be more

contributing causes.

Differences in reporting

may affect comparisons.

Saskatchewan residents

who were hospitalized

outside the province are

not included.

D. Source:

SK Ministry of Health,

Year-end hospital files

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS:

The age-specific hospital separation rates due to diseases of the nervous

system and sense organs were highest for the 75 years and older and

under one year age groups.

Sex-specific rates decreased for both males and females over the time

period 1995 to 2008 and were higher for females compared to males.

C H A R T 6 - 4 0 M O R B I D I T Y : I C D C H A P T E R - D I S E A S E S O F T H E

N E R V O U S S Y S T E M & S E N S E O R G A N S

B Y A G E A N D S E X

Diseases of the Nervous System & Sense Organs:

Crude Rate of Hospital Separations in


0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

<1

1-19

20-44

45-64

65-74

75+

Diseases of the Nervous System & Sense Organs: Crude

Rate of Hospital Separations in Saskatchewan by Sex,

1995 - 2008

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Cru

de R

ate

per

100,0

00

Female

Male

Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), Sta-

tistics Canada

Saskatchewan Ministry of Health Vital Statistics

files.

Saskatchewan Ministry of Health year-end hospital

files (included both inpatient and day procedure

records)

Statistics Canada CANSIM tables (Population and

Demography). CANSIM Population estimates were

used from Statistics Canada for 1996 to 2009.

D ata Sou rces

Health Canada. Healthy Canadian - A Federal Re-

port on Comparable Health Indicators 2008. Ottawa:

Health Canada; 2009.

St-Arnaud J, Beaudet MP, Tully P. Life expectancy.

Health reports, Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre

for Health Information; 2005; 17(1): 43-7.

Statistics Canada, Health-adjusted life expectancy,

by sex. (2012) Retrieved 20130704, from http://

www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/

cst01/hlth67-eng.htm

Association of Public Health Epidemiologist of On-

tario (APHEO), Potential Years of Life Lost (75)

(2006) Retrieved 20130704, from http://

www.apheo.ca/index.php?pid=90

World Health Organization, International Classifica-

tion of Diseases (ICD) Information Sheet. (2013) Re-

trieved 20130704, from http://www.who.int/

classifications/icd/factsheet/en/index.html

References


The sex-specific rate is the ratio of the total

number of hospital separations or deaths for

selected causes of injury for a given sex to the

total population of that sex and is usually ex-

pressed per 100,000 population.

The age-sex specific rate is the ratio of the to-

tal number of hospital separations or deaths

for selected causes of injury in a given age-sex

group to the total population of the age-sex

group and is usually expressed per 100,000

population.

morbidity - government of saskatchewan/media/files/health...for females, the top two icd chapter...

Documents