“MOOD DISORDERS”

BY:- HINA KHALID

“DEFINITION” Discrete period of time in which the person’s

behavior is dominated by either depressed or manic mood.

DepressionManiaBipolar affective disorder

DEPRESSION:- Condition of mental disturbance typically with

the lack of energy & difficulty in maintaining concentration & interest in life .

“SIGNS N SYMPTOMS” 1. COGNITIVE:- Poor concentration , indecisiveness , poor

self- esteem, suicidal thoughts, delusions . 2. PYHSIOLOGICAL & BEHAVIORAL:- Sleep/appetite disturbances,

psychomotor problems, fatigue, loss of memory. 3. EMOTIONAL:- Sadness, depressed mood, irritability,

anhedonia (loss of interest / pleasure in usual activities)

ETIOLOGY:- GENETIC COMPONENTS:- _10-20% of life time risk of depression o can affect personalityo Negative thinkingo Psychothmic personalityo Cognitiveo HPA( Hypo pituitary axis problem)o Vulnerability(when a preexisting vulnerability,

is activated by stressful life events)o Personality factors (Psychothymic personality)o Early environmento Social factorso Neurobiological factors(monoamine hypothesis)

MANAGEMENT:-

o Mild Depression:- no pharmacotherapy, mild

psychotherapyo Moderate Depression:- moderate pharmacotherapy & drugs .o Severe Depression:- Intense psychotherapy, drugs.

MANIA:- “A distinct period of abnormally & persistently

elevated/ expansive mood, lasting at least one week” SIGNS N SYMPTOMS:- Inflated self-esteem decreased need for sleep(insomnia) more talkative than usual,laughter,jovial mode flight of ideas Distractibility Increase in activity directed at achieving goals Excessive involvement in dangerous activities (risk

taking Flertitious sort of atitude Speech volume /tone increased Restlessness Irratibility