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VOL. III. H E L E N A , M O N T A N A , WEDNESDAY, JULY 26, IW5.

Rockefellers Father a Thief

From the able penM ad I i> f os Tarhell , in the June number of McClures, are facts of interest as regards John I). Rockefeller and his father: The story, extracts of which follow, is of peculiar interest as it deals with the antecendents of the most talked of man in the world today.

It throws most astonishing light on his parentage and reveals the fact that the father of the famous mag­nate was a man of most unsavory reputation in his own community.

Most astonishing even than this is the fact that the father of John D. Rockefeller, now an old man him­self, still lives on a farm in Iowa, and although too old now to follow up his sporting proclivities, his re­putation as a trickster still clings to him.

The story of the old man and John D.'s boyhood, is in part as follows:

There are still alive in Tioga county, New York state, many men and women who remember Godfrey Rockefeller. It is not a pleasant description they give of him—a shiftless tippler, stunted in stature and mean in spirit, but held to a certain decency by a wife of such strong intellect and determined character that she impressed herself unforgettably on the community.

Godfrey Rockefeller had not been long in Richford when he w as follow ed by his eldest son- William A. Rockefeller—a man of 23 or 24 years of age. There seem to have been other Rockefellers, for the family was sufficiently numerous and conspicious to cause the farm in West MM near Richford, where they settled, to be dubbed "Rocke­feller settlement" a name it still bears.

It is with William A. Rockefeller, father of John, that we have to do here. There is enough which ' is authentic to be gleaned about him to form a picture of a striking character. William A. Rockeleller was a tall and powerful man with keen, straight-forward eyes, a man in whom strength, and fearlessness, and joy in life unfettered by edu­cation or love of decency, ran riot.

The type is familiar enough in every farming settlement, the type of the country sport, who hunts, fishes, gambles, races horses and carouses in the low and mean ways which the country alone affords.

He owned a costly rifle, and was famous as a shot. He was a dare­devil with horses. He had no trade —spurned the farm. Indeed he had all the vices save one—he never drank. He was a famous trickster too; thus, when he reached Richford he is said to have called himself a peddler- a deaf and dumb peddler, and for some time actually suc­ceeded in making his aquantances in Richford write out their remarks to him on a slate. Why he wished to deceive them no one knows. Per­haps sheer mischief, perhaps a desire to hear things which would hardly be talked before a stranger with good ears.

It was not long after he came to Richford that he began to go off on long trips—peddling trips some said. Later he became known as a quack doctor, and his absences were sup­posed to be spent selling a medicine he concocted himself.

On one of his trips he met in Moravia, New York, the daughter

of a prosperous farmer, Eliza Davi­son. It is said that the girl married him in the face of strong opposition of her family. However that may be, it is certain that about 1837, William A. Rockefeller brought Kli/.a Davison to the Rockefeller settle­ment as his wife, and there three children were born, the second of whom—the record of his birth is

dated July 8, 1839—was named John Davison.

In 1843 William A. Rockefeller moved his family to a farm near Moravia, Cayuga county. The re­putation he had built up in Richford as a "sporting man" was duplicated in Moravia. He soon became the leader in all that was reckless and wild in the community, and was classed by the respectable and steady going as a dangerous character on whom no doubt much was fastened that did not belong. It may be for this reason, as well as because of his frequent long and unaccounted for absences, that he is still classed popu­larly in Moravia as one of the gang who operated the "underground horse railroad"—and ran off horses from various parts of the country.

There is absolutely no proof of this, but the conviction and sentence to the state prison, in 1850'of three of his closest pals for horse stealing, coupled with his bad reputation made many of his disaproving neigh­bors fix the crime equally on him, and today old men in Moravia nod their heads sagely and say, " H e was too smart to be caught."

There is an indictment against William A. Rockefeller for a more serious crime than horse-stealing in the records of the country, for 1847, and it is quite probable that he left Moravia under compulsion. At all events, about 1850 he again moved his family, which now con­sisted of his wife and five children, to Oswego, N . Y. In 1857 he moved to (>hio.

In the Ohio communities where he lived the legends of " O l d B i l l , " as he is popularly spoken of today by his former aquaintances, are identical with those in Richford, Moravia and Oswego. They all remember him as a man who came home but rarely, who was supposed to sell some kind of medicine—a "cancer docter," is the opinion of ore, a ,,quack doctor," of another and there are those who declare he w as a gambler. In Ohio, as in New-York, he always created a profound impression on his visits home, by his good clothes, his good horse, and his crack shooting. " H e was a ripping good one," an old associate in Parma declares. " H o w he would shoot—bang-e- tee- b a n g — y o u ' d thought there was a small army around!" There are many sly winks at the occupations and morals of William A. Rockefeller by his old neighbors, but there is a universal verdict that he was a "good fellow," jolly, generous and kindly.

When Will iam A. Rockefeller took his family to < >hio, his oldest son, John Davison, was a lad of 14 years. A quite, grave boy by all accounts, doing steadily and well the thing he was set at.

He kept a ledger of his trifling financial affairs marked " A . " From this venerated volume weknow

how much fOBBf Rockefeller earned back there in 1855 when he started out for himself. It was a small enough sum, $50 for the first three months; then, beginning with Jan­uary 1, 1865, $25 a month. We al­so learn from "Ledger A " what he did with his earnings. There is no doubt but that young as he was. he applied to the money he received those two \ i ta l principles in fortune making: Make good bargains; save your money and let it work for you. We have his own word for believing this, taken from the personal remin­iscences which, from time to time appear in his religious instructions. The first lesson he learned by buy­ing cord-wood:

I was taught to do as much busi­ness at the age of 10 or 11 as it was possible for me to do," he told the Rible class one day. "Among other

things I was sent over the hills to buy cord- wood for the use of the family. I knew what cord-wood, solid beech, and maple-wood, was. My father told me to select OBJJ

solid wood, straight wood, and not put any limbs in it or any punky wood. That was good training for me. I did not need my father to tell me, or anybody else, how many feet it took to make a cord of wood. I did not require the presence of anybody to enable me to secure from the man who sold that wood, good measure."

The items as Mr. Rockefeller once read them at a church gather ing are interesting.

" I begin on the 25th day of Nov­ember," he said: "Missionary cause, ten cents: Mr. Downey, one of our young ministers, ten cents.

'Slip rent'—pew rent one dollar. December 16th, sabbath school, five cents. Present for Mr. Farrar, the superintendent, 25 cents. F i v e Points Mission, New York, 12 cents.

The Macedonian, a little religous paper, ten cents. Present to teacher Deacon Sked, 25 cents. January 16th I had something left over for benevolence: Missionary cause, six cents: the poor in the church, ten rents—all on one sunday! Feb­ruary 3d I gave ten cents more to the same cause; the same day ten cents to foreign missions. March 2d, foreign missions again, ten cents more. Then on the 2d day of March, ten cents for the poor of the church: March 3d pew rent one dollar. March 6th, foreign missions ten cents. Then I went outside of our church, and on the 21st of March gave one dollar to the Young Men's Christian association."

Two years after he took this first position, a difference arose between him and his employer on the ques­tion of salary. Mr. Rockefeller thought he ought to have $8oo a year. His employer was willing to pay but #700. "Meanwhile," to quote from Mr. Rockefeller him­self, "the opportunity was offered to engage in business with a young man w ho was ten years older than :

myself I had saved a little monev I and, accordingly, on Apr i l 1st' with t&oo or $900 that I had saved up and a few thousands which my father loaned me at 10 per cent, until I should become of age, I contributed my part of the capital which was $4,000.

"We were prosperous from the beginning. We did a business of $500,000 produce commission for the first year. Our profits were not large—I think $4,400— but I think it was better for me than the $800 which I had asked.

This then was the man in i860 frugal, calculating, money-bent-cautious in trade, yet daring, quick to seize, yet ready to wait, and w ith­al "good—" that is a steady at tendent at church and Sunday school, serious—that is eschewing all amusements which might be called frivolous, the theater, cards, the dance.

As time went on. these character istics became more conspicuous. Thev lead him to new lines of busi-ness—one in particular—the refining of oil—a new industry in which it was plain there were great profits. He gave himself to his venture, body and soul one may truthfully say, working with a persistency which put day laborers to shame.

He watched details with a hawk's eye—not a cent must go estray— not a pint of oil must be lost— not a rivet or bung be wasted. ' Pay a profit to nobody," he began to say, and it was he and his partners who themselves, went to O i l Creek for oi l , and so saved commissions; he who made his own barrels and so saved a middleman's profits; he who hauled and loaded, bought and sold. Nobody but him must make a cent on his o i l , from the well to the lamp. It was combine, save, watch. A sort of mania for saving seemed to possess him. It was over this he brooded from morning to night, and it was the realization of this alone

Socialist News From National headquarters Owing to ilit* BOB ai'rirB! of

Comradea Bftndlow, Mai l ly tad Sloliodin, th f re was no session of the National Executive Commit­tee on Thursday *'ve. J u l y 20. Meeting called to order ft :4."> a. m., Fr iday. .July 21.

Secretaries who have received the monthly o f f i c ia l bulletin by freight, wil l pay freight and dray-age and send bill for the amount to the National office with their next order for dues and supplies, and it wil l be accredited as eash.

The charter of Local Minne­apolis, was revoked by the state committee- ( , f Minnesota. -Inly IS. Local Minneapolis, in a special meeting held J u l y 15. protests against the action and calls fo r a state referendum by a vote of 19 in favor and one against.

Tbos. E. W i l l has resigned as State seeretarv of ITanoM and P . H. French. 186 South Market St.. Wichita, is acting as secretary pro tern.

Hudson County. N . J . , has Ordered five sels Of Local Ac­count Monks dur ing the week.

Local Passaic. X . J . , suspended a member for advocating the elec­tion of a candidate on a capitalist ticket.

National Committee Motion No. M " I move that the National Executive committee be empow­ered, at its next meeting, to draw up i des to govern the action of the National committee in voting. S-.. ti rules to bt submitted to the National committee for approval and. if approved, shall be printed and a copy furnished to each member." Vote closed J u l y 15. Motion adopted by the fol lowing vote; Yes. 2 ° : No. I; Not voting. lf».

The second ballot fo r the elec­tion of a member to f i l l the va-MBejr on the National Executive committee (dosed J u l y l ! ' . with the following result: Merger. 1 votes; Towner. 1!) votes, and LeBMBj, •"• votes. There being no election, a thi rd ballot is neees-•ary. The candidates are Vic to r L. Berger and Chan 0, Towner. Vote wil l (dose August 3.

The resolutions by County com­mittee of Allegheny county. P a . : "Whereas . The Allegheny county committee. Socialist party, did upon the request of Focal South Side Pittsburg, pass resolutions on Sunday. A p r i l L'-'l. IMS, con­demning the action of Vic tor L . Berger, at that time a member of the National Executive commit­tee. Socialist party, fo r advising Socialist voters in the Ci ty id' Mil­waukee. Wis. , to vote for a BOB* italistic candidate, and

"Whereas. The said Vic to r L . Merger, has for such action been removed from the National F \ eeiitvie committee of t h i Socialist party, and

"Whereas. Comrade Robert R. Kinglet-. member of the National committee f rom Pennsylvania, after having voted for Vic tor L . Merger's removal, did on the first ballot vote for the election of Victor L . Merger to f i l l vacancy, therefore, be it

"Resolved, by the Allegheny County Committee Socialist party of Pennsylvania, in a regular meeting assembled Sunday, duly 16, 1905, that we protest against such action by our National Com­mitteeman, and that we consider it inconsistent with his former action in this matter and with the spirit of the resolutions passed by this committee April IS, 1906, and be it further

Ucsolved. That a copy of the resolutions be sent to Comrade Robert M. Hingler. to the National Secretary and the party press.

" A t t e s t : Fred L . Schwartz, Secretary.

" R. L. Eckles. Chairman of Seaaion."

The good citizens of York , Ala . , would not permit Comrade (loehel to speak in the town However, he held a good meeting just over the BorOQgh line, and the workers heard him gladly.

I ids have recently been or­ganized at Spangle. Hastings and Nicktown. Cambria county. Pa.

Five sets of books fo r Locals have been ordered by Pennsyl vania State committee.

Three speakers afield in Mon­tana, with dates ahead covering August ami September, The largest receipts for a month, in the history of the party were

Pa.y Your LoceJ DUES

NO. 16,

Strike Trouble Amoi\g Labor

Hazleton, Pa., July 17.—Alleging that they are not being paid stand­ard wages, the employes of the Ha/le Mountain Coal Company, at Mlack Ridge, went on strike to-day.

Benjamin Schlessinger, New York manager for the International Women's (larment Workers, an­nounced last evening that 1,000 cloakmakers had struck in four factories in Lispenard, Canal and Division streets, for higher wages and a shorter workday, and that 7,000 or tt.ooo more were ready to strike.

Nearly every one of the strikers at the department stores filed appli­cation for reinstatement, In many cases the men were put to work im­mediately. At one store a number of men who obeyed the order to strike stood in line today and signed applications forfeiting their right to wear buttons of their union exposed. Theexpress companies, which fought their battle apart from the others, are not to take back any of their former employes.

———-— *~n> •* .

Advices from Porto Rico state that San Juan labor condition are growing serious. The strike, which began with the dock laborers and teamsters, has spread to the bak ers and butcher and the end is not vet. The price of beef has gone up from 20 to 3X cents a pound, of which, it is said, 2 cents a pound is contributed to the strikers. A bread famine is feared, because of the strike of the bakers.

Insular police are everywhere

New Bedford Mass., July 19.— At the annual meeting vesterday of the stockerholders of the Bristol Manufacturing Company, the only print mill in this city, the treasurer. Ed. < >. Knowles, reported that 800 looms out of a total of 1400 are in operation. About two months ago the weavers at this mill went on strike.

• 1, 1 • 1 I watching the strikers. Non-union Shamokin, Pa.. Julv 16.—In an I u u

.. t t - 1 1 .1 • I carts are each accompanied bv two interview (,eo. W. Hartlein seere- . 1 i W " tary of District No. 9. United Mine | " " J * P , , , , r ™ e n - Vork Workers of America, said it would a " d l ' " r t ° k ' C ° s t e a " ' < h i P company not surprise him if next year would see the biggest strike in the history of the anthracite coal regions.

The situation, he said, is danger­ous and uncertain, owing to the numbers of mine workers who are not members of the union by reason of their arrearage in dues. Nearlv every mine worker in the region at one time or another was a member of the organization, but to-day less than one-third in this district are in good standing.

(Continued on page 4) (Continued on page 4)

New York, July 24. — Prepara­tions are being made for a strike in this city by the Brotherhood of Painters, having a membership of 6,500. The union demands that1

the Master Painters' association shall submit a proposed trade agree­ment to the general arbitration board of the building trades em­ployers' association. The same demands have been made on the interior decorators and cabinetmak­ers' association.

Master painters have refused either to grant the demands or to submit the dispute to the general arbitration board. It is declared that if the brotherhood men strike their places will be taken by the Amalgamated Painters' society, a rival body.

Chicago. July II.—-The team sters' strike at Chicago was officially declared off by the members of the Teamsters'Joint Council at 12:30

o'clock this morning. The men have been ordered to seek their old positions, and it is estimated that less than half of them will be re­employed. The strikers made a complete surrender, and will apply for work as individuals, and with­out an agreement of any kind with their employers. The employers in many cases announced that their were vacances for only a few. Of more than 4000 men who quit, not more than 1400 ar 1500 will be reinstated during the next few days. The coal teamsters and truck drivers did not join in the rush for re-employment today.

The order of the Teamsters' Joint Council which authorized the surren­der was for all men on strike to ask for reinstatement this morning. Both the truck drivers and the coal teamsters balked at this and planned to hold meetings tonight and "fight it out til l they can go back to work like men." However, the boycott against business houses has been lifted officially by the action of the council.

is strongly guarded. In the harbor numerous big sailings vessels are waiting to discharge cargoes.

The midsummer air in Porto Rico seems juit now to be sucharged with a spirit of uneasiness. The native press teems with attacks upon American officers, and Spainish editors delight in throwing insults dav after day at Americans.

The deck laborers are striking for an increase of wages from 15 to 25 cents an hour for day work, and from 25 to 40 cents an hour for night work. The strikers, who are orderly, though determined to win, number about 3,000.

Livingston. July 22 . - Parties in from Aldridge to night say that the miners and coke burners in that camp and at Llectric are again on strike, having refused to go to work this morning. The trouble is said to be that the company refused to take back all the men who were on strike last winter. Mr. Merry, the manager of the the company, is in the east. It is stated that a few days before he left a committee of the Miners' union waited on him and asked his intentions concerning the re-employment of all the men who were engaged in the strike. It is alleged that Mr. Merry flatly Htelad that he would not employ the men who had proved themselves mischief-makers and professional agitators. 'The union says that the promise to take back all the men was made when the strike was called off six weeks ago The new phase of the matter was considered at a union meeting held last night and the refusal to go to work this morn­ing was the result. The mine managers, it is said, denv that there has been any discrimination in the matter of re employing the strikers. They say the properties are not yet

in shape to employ a full force and that all of the men will be given em­ployment just as fast as it is possible to do so. It is only six weeks ago that a strike of 10 months' duration at the same place was settled. Now the union charges that company is not living up to the agreement made at that time. It is the general be­lief and expectation that the present trouble will be adjusted as soon at

Merry returns from the east. M The coal and cake properties were just getting in shape for full opera­tion.

For general upholstering mat­tress, spring, and feather ren­ovating see; J . D. Felthou.scn 422 North Maine Phone' 557 B,

2 M O N T A N A N I W s H F . l . K N A , M O V I A N A

THK MONTANA NEWS.

I S S U E D W E F . k l \

J. H . W A L S H Editor evnd Publisher

O F F I C E 22 P A R K A V K . V. O. B O X 908

Ente red at the \ \ * \ Office f o r t r anami iwio i i t h n . u u l i the m * l l at w-cond clan* rate*.

S i l l s . M I C T I O N . Jl.iW I ' K K Y K A K .

AdTer t i«u i t i H a t c « nia<1«- k n o w n ui>on appl ica . t lon at th in office.

Any subscriber not receiv­ing the News regularly should n o t i f y this office at once. I t onlv takes a <>ne cent postal card. Our mai l ing l ist is prac­t ica l ly perfect, and many errors are earless!v made at cer ta in postoffices, and our r eade r s can assist «s greatly in prompt­ly n o t i f y i n g this office of the same.

k W W W W W W W W W

Money is needed at this end of the gun.

O p p o r t u n i s m is a great m e n t a l f a i l i n g of the average w o r k e r .

Socia l ism means to g ive every m a n o r woin . in the f u l l p r o d u c t o f t h e i r labor .

l et us elect a few Socialists to the next legislature. I t would make the session interesting.

Reports f r o m the f a r m dis tr ic ts show Socialism to be g rowing faster than any other product of the f a r m .

I f you get a copy of this paper i t i s an inv i t a t ion to subscribe. D o n ' t let us have to envite you over a thousand times.

A r e y o u read ing the a r t i c les by t h e Ca tho l i c p r i e s t s ' D o y o u not set MjtMllg in l l i e m u p o n w h i c h t o o f f e r criticism 1

Under Socialism you w i l l not have to beg f o r a job , but you w i l l repor t fo r work. I n fact v o u w i l l be the master of your own job .

W o r k i n g people must f r ee t h e i r m i n d s o f a l l these co-opera t ive op­p o r t u n e schemes before they w i l l be able 1" establish Soc ia l i sm.

The Chicago strike has resulted as all "pure and s imple" strikes m u s t - in fai lure. The union men are learning that a strike is lost even though they win.

A c c o r d i n g to Car ro l I ) . W r i g h t , t he labor s ta t i s t ic ian , every w o r k ­e r creates about $10 w o r t h of w e a l t h a day. Hut at r d i n g to the same a u t h o r i t y he receives $1.70 f o r his labor.

The latest theft of the Miners Magazine is an article f r o m the pen o f Thomas A. Hickey, wr i t ten some t ime ago, in which Anaconda and workers are the subjects under dis­cussion. The article is produced as if or iginal by the edi tor of the Miners Magazine.

W i t h \ V . A. C l a rk in the f i e ld f o r Y. S. senate next campa ign , the f igh t w i l l be a mer ry one. A l l k i n d s of fake labor t i cke t s w i l l be nominated at the expense o f the Ainalgaina1etl-llcin/.c-Claik c r o w d . The Socialist t i cke t w i l l be the on ly t rue representa t ive of the w o r k i n g class. A vote f o r any o t h e r t i cke t than the Socialist w i l l be scabbing at the ballot box.

and then begin to pay the shares o f f as fast as possible. They are number­ed consecutively and w i l l be paid off in the same manner. Comrades let us sell these press shares. You get vour ten dol lars back. You are out noth ing but the interest. But why let this deal d rag so long? W i l l y o u take a share at once? Let us hear f r o m you. They must be sold. I t is necessary tha t we own our press then this plant w i l l be complete. W i l l you help out? T a k e a share.

W H A T W E S H O U L D DO The state sec re ta ry ' s r epor t s

are - re t t ing to be p r e t t y interest­i n g r e a d i n g m a t t e r , a c c o r d i n g to all r epor t s tha t come to th is o f ­f ice. W e l l . $144.30 f o r I m o n t h means t h i n g s are d o i n g a m o n g the worke r s . It means that t h e r a n k and t i le is a w a k i n g . I t means tha t the w o r k o f educa t ion is t a k ­i n g root . W h e n e v e r th i s cond i ­t i o n a r r ives the movement w i l l get on s tead i ly f o r w a r d , s lowly b u t sure ly . I t is i n the hands of t h e r a n k a m i ri le to m a k e the s ta te secretary 1 repor t show up better every week, l i e w i l l do the secre­t a r y ' s w o r k , i f you as a w o r k i n g class Social is ts w i l l tb> y o u r p a r t . Y o u d i d y o u r par t i n dune , t he re is no doub t , j u d g i n g f r o m the amount of m o n e y sent to head­quar te r s

Hut comrades we must not stop here. W e mus t push tin. The re is a great a m o u n t o f w o r k to be done. O u r secre ta ry is sacr i f ic ­i n g his t i m e i n the movement . H e is a b l ack l i s t ed mach in i s t , a m i can not w o r k at his t r a d e ; he shou ld have l i v i n g wages. N o w , d o n ' t get scared a m i t h i n k tha t t he Montana News is g o i n g off w r o n g ; t h a t i t is getting on the o ld cap­i t a l i s t or u n i o n t r a c k a n d believes in b i g waires f o r i ts employes . T h e News docs not f a v o r h i g h p r i c e d salaries in the Social is t movement . B u t -t^.i per m o n t h is not l i v i n g •rages. Tha t is w h a t we pay o u r secretary and the w a y tha t t he

orgsnisstion is growing the wen at headquar te rs w i l l soon call f o r the services o f a s tenographer , l i e works f o r the p a r t y f o r t h i s smal l sum a m i uses a room in h i s home f o r an oAec w i t h o u t charg­i n g any ren t . Th i s is not r i i r h t comrades. W e are impos ing o n I comrade. I t has. in the | u s t . been necessary to do th i s to get the movement on its fee t , but soon we must pay ou r secretary a l i v -in i ! scale o f wages.

The News w o u l d not f a v o r pay i n g any .$1.."><MI per y e a r as we d o to ou r N a t i o n a l Secre ta ry , w h i l e s tenographers in the same off ice w h o do a l l the h a r d w o r k , get +7."i per m o n t h . I n f a c t , the News ought against g i v i n g the N a ­

t i o n a l secretary $125 per m o n t h . is not a p r o l e t a r i a n scale o f

wages. I t is a cap i t a l i s t i c s, ale. However , we s h o u l d pay o u r

secretary l i v i n g wages—say as m u c h as we pay lec ture rs . W i t h a

o u t i n u a t i o n o f ou r J u n e e f f o r t s th i s goal can be reached in a f e w months . The Socialist p a r t y w i l l

the p a t t y o f the state." T h e o r g a n i z a t i o n w i l l be the strongest k n o w n . I t s c o n t i n u a l campa ign­i n g w i l l be seen at the next elec­t i o n .

Let us p u t on j u s t a l i t t l e more steam, comrades. Let us reach h i g h pressure f o r a t i m e . Let us push ! push !! push ! ! !

raise produce f o r the so ld ie rs sta­t ioned w i t h i n the p a r k . T h e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n company t o o k the fsne upon a con t rac t - t h a i f o r the p r i v i l e g e o f f a r m i n g it they WOUM f u r n i s h Unc l e Sam's sol­diers what t h e y needed. T h i s con t rac t lasted one year , a m i since then the t r a n s p o r t a t i o n company, w h h b is owned by the N o r t h e r n P a c i f i c railroad, has belt! t o the f a r m , but it has not f u r n i s h e d any more vegetables f o r the soldiers .

S t u f f raised on th i s gardes, o r to em. w i t h i n the borders o f the park, cannot be sold. T o u r i s t s can secure the same by seeing the C h i n a m a n in charge, a m i reinein-b e r i n g the " t i p . " The t r a n s p o r ­t a t i o n company overcomes the t echnica l poin t of l aw t h r o u g h o w n i n g the hotels . T h e vegc tables are used on the t ab l e a m i the tou r i s t pays a d o l l a r a meal

Do y o u w o n d e r that such men as Loeb are " g u e s t s o f the t r ans ­p o r t a t i o n c o m p a n y V D o y o u t h i n k that W i l l i a m Loeb. p r i v a t e secre tary to the pres ident , pays f o r that private ear ou t o f his o w n pocke t? D o y o u t h i n k tha t M r . Loeb o r a n y o ther se rvan t o f the people shou ld be a l l o w e d to p e r f o r m in t h i s manner I T h i s is w h a t y o u have vo ted f o r . W h o pays the MM

isui in t he D e m o c r a t i c p l a t f o r m means n o t h i n g to the w o r k i n g class, it does show the w o n d e r f u l ami r a p i d g r o w t h o f th i s new w o r k i n g class m o v e m e n t .

A l l r e tu rns f r o m Social is t ef­f o r t s show that the greatest re­su l t s at present are be ing made a m o n g the fa rmers . The f a r m e r is so comple te ly exp lo i t ed that he becomes a elnss conscious, revo­l u t i o n a r y Socialist upon shor t edu­ca t i on , l i e seldom f a l l s i n t o the m i d d l e class, bourgeoise, oppor­t u n e p ropos i t ion . L e t us extent o u r e f f o r t s w i t h the f a r m e r .

I t w i l l soon be a year ago, com rades, since we started to sell press shares to raise sufficient money to get a paper press of our own. Only 19 o f these shares have as yet been sold. Accord ing to that you Social ists are not very deeply interested whether we have a Socialist paper in the state of Montana or not. The propos i t ion was to sell press shares at #10 each. As soon as enough were sold to buy the press, instal l i t ;

W H O P A Y S T H E B I L L The f o l l o w i n g shor t but s ig ­

n i f i c a n t d i spa t ch appeared in the press on the 21s t :

" W i l l i a m Loeb. J r . . p r i v a t e sec­r e t a r y to Pres ident Roosevelt , m i l Mrs . Loeb have a r r i v e d a t Jardiner in a p r i v a t e car a m i ' l i t ered the Y e l l o w s t o n e N a t i o n a l pa rk as the guests o f Pres iden t H . W r . C h i l d o f the Y e l l o w s t o n e

a r k T r a n s p o r t a t i o n company , and expect to r ema in i n W o n d e r ­land about t w o w e e k s . "

W h y do you suppose they bc-ame guests o f the Y e l l o w s t o n e

T r a n s p o r t a t i o n company? T h e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n c o m p a n y has sto­len r i gh t s o f the people in t he Na t iona l p a r k t h r o u g h such m e n as W i l l i a m Loeb, and as a r e t u r n al l o f t ha t class is c a r e f u l l y chap­eroned at the expense o f the t r anspo r t a t i on company . Some twenty- th ree years ago the N o r t h ­ern Pac i f ic , t h r o u g h the servants of the people in congress, secured a 20-yenr r i g h t to c a r r y people t h rough the pa rk and to b u i l d hotels at w h i c h to feed the tour­ists. Three years ago that con treat exp i red , and a renewal was made of the o ld eontraet . So, at least, seventeen years longer is the p a r k i n the hands of the g ra f t e r s of the ra i l roads .

A f e w years ngo the govern­ment opened a garden in the park . I t is r ea l l y a good sized f a r m . I t was the in ten t ion t o

B R Y A N A C O N F I S C A T O R

The Cilobe-Democrat r e c e n t l y pub l i shed the f o l l o w i n g e d i t o r i a l :

" W i l l i a m J. H r y a n . in an ad dress at Muscogee. I . T . . on D e m o c r a c y ' , has been p o i n t i n g

out many changes w h i t d i have t aken place in his p a r t y ' s asp i ra ­t ions since the St . Lou is conven­t i o n of 1904, a m i rejoices at those changes. ' R a d i c a l D e m o c r a c y ' , he says, is to be at the f r o n t i n the c o n v e n t i o n th ree years hence. The p a r t y and the c o u n t r y has had enough, he declares, o f ' c o n ­se rva t ive D e m o c r a c y ' , m e a n i n g , it is ttt be p resumed , the so r t t h a t Was represented by P a r k e r last year . M r . H r y a n f o u g h t tha t k i n d o f democracy eloquently a n d courageous ly i n the St. L o u i s con­ven t i on , a n d p r o b a b l y feels t h a t he is v i n d i c a t e d by the t r e m e n ­dous defeat of P a r k e r at the po l l s . Some o f the 'best p r i n c i p l e s ' o f the Social is t a m i the P o p u l i s t pa r l i es , he says, are be ing a d o p t e d by the Democracy , a m i w i l l be put in the p l a t f o r m of 1908, but the party w i l l not be e i t he r So­cialist or Popu l i s t , but w i l l s t i l l be entitled to be ••ailed the Demo­c ra t i c party."

C o m m e n t i n g f u r t h e r , the Olobe-Deinoerat says :

"Everything tha t M r . B r y a n says about Democra t i c plans f o r Pais is e n t i t l e d to the a t t e n t i o n o f Democra t s an i l Republ icans . He is the most p o w e r f u l person­age in the Democra t i c p a r t y in 1906, I ' n d o u b t e d l y he is correct m s a y i n g that the r a d i c a l Democ­racy w i l l r u n t he p a r t y i n VM)H. S o m e t h i n g , as he declares, w i l l be borrowed f r o m Social is t a m i Pop­ul i s t p o l i c y . H u t w i l l t ha t give the Democracy the v i c t o r y ? UB* questionably i t w i l l not . I t is en­t i r e l y safe to p r e d i c t , howeve r , tha t u n d e r the leadersh ip w h i t d i the Democracy w i l l have in tha t y e a r it w i l l make a f a r more re­spectable canvass t han it d i d last year . N e i t h e r Soc ia l i sm no r Pop­u l i sm w i l l ever get the sanc t ion o f a m a j o r i t y o f the votes o f the A m e r i c a n people "

There is no doub t b u t t h a t H r y a n should be considered an a u t h o r i t y on w h a t the Demo­c ra t i c p a r t y w i l l do in the next c a m p a i g n . H r y a n . i n the national democracy , is l i k e Joe T o o l e — the t o o l — i n M o n t a n a . T h e y are a l l t ha t is l e f t o f the o l d Demo­c ra t i c p a r t y . Hu t M r . H r y a n , w h o has re fused to discuss Social­ism i n his personal o r g a n , the Commoner , and w h o r e f u s e d a $10,000 p r o f f e r f r o m Comrade W i l s h i r e to meet h i m in debate, now comes f o r t h w i t h the asser­t i o n that the next Democra t i c p la t ­f o r m w i l l be composed o f p l anks stolen f r o m the P o p u l i s t corpse, and some o f the best ideas f r o m the Socia l i s t p a r t y . Those w h o have r e fused t o accept the charge against W . J. , as be ing a p o l i t i c a l f a k i r , w i l l scarce ly desire t o s t and in the same l i g h t t h a t t h e y have f o r m e r l y . T h e t h o u g h t t h a t arises, however , is h o w can M r . H r y a n , w h o has r e f u s e d to pub­l ish a r t ic les u p o n the p h i l o s o p h y o f Socia l i sm f o r the benefit o f his readers and p a r t y members , sa l ly f o r t h w i t h the asser t ion tha t the next D e m o c r a t i c n a t i o n a l conven tlon w i l l steal p l a n k s f r o m the Social is t p a r t y ? T h i s w i l l , how-'•ver. be in absolute h a r m o n y w i t h the past h i s t o r y o f the p a r t y go a p t l y represented b y t h a t l o n g eared a n i m a l a n d s u p p o r t e d to a -'feat ex t en t b y votes f r o m the w o r k i n g mules.

W h i l e the a d o p t i o n o f Socia l -

Co in ra t l e A l e x F a i r g r i e v e does not g ive a ve ry e n c o u r a g i n g re­port of t h e Industrial Union con­v e n t i o n r e c e n t l y h o l d in Chicago, ami to w h i c h he was a delegate , f r o m M o n t a n a . T h i s is a t l i sap pointing r epor t to the M o n t a n a News W e were in h o p e s that the I n d u s t r i a l Union WOUld be p r o p ­er ly l aunched A l l the w o r k e r s , and especia l ly those w h o have been a f f i l i a t e d w i t h the pure a m i s imple trades u n i o n s k n o w t h e i r f a u l t s a m i f a i l u r e s , a m i t h o r o u g h ­ly realise the great need o f the scientific organisation o f the w o r k e r s on t he i n d u s t r i a l field. Hut according to Comrade Fair* ( f r i e r * t he same was not l aunched at Ch icago . I t is no t . he c l a ims s c i e n t i f i c a l l y grounded ou t he w o r k i n g class l ines and tha.t w h i l e lie s u p p o r t e d and vo ted f o r the

preamble, he eould not euppoii the const it l i t i o n . as i t p r o v i d e r f o r the o ld c a p i t a l i s t < i on ipc r s p r o x y p r o p o s i t i o n . H e feels tha t to j o i n it would be a r e p i t i t i o n o f " b o r i n g f r o m w i t h i n , " tha t w h i c h we have been d o i n g in S a m m y C o m p e r s orgsnisstion for the past 1.") years . Comrade F a i r g r i e v e w i l l make a repor t to the several un ions tha t sent h i m as a de lega te t o Ch icago in a f e w days and he w i l l also s u p p l y t h e N e w s w i t h a copy for p u b l i c a t i o n . W e w i l l also g ive o u r readers t he good a n d bad p o i n t s f r o m the s t e i i o g r a p h i c a l r epor t as soon as it can be secured. W i t h a l l t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n the reader w i l l be ab le t o f o r m his o w n o p i n ­ion! " i i t h e m a t t e r .

The Helena l oca l ooosrndei a re a u n i t i n v i e w o f w h a t t o do w i t h the speakers in the f u t u r e , so f a r as t h e i r j u r i s d i c t i o n is concerned . They have dec ided t o assist i n g e t t i n g a l l f u t u r e speakers i n t o t he smal l places i n the c o u n t y a n d pay less a t t e n t i o n t o He lena . T h i s s t r ikes t he News as an exce l len t move T h e r e are a n u m b e r o f smal l places in f l i c c o u n t y t h a t shou ld be s u p p l i e d w i t h speakers and a l oca l o r g a n i z e d . There is no reason w h y e v e r y w o r k e r i n the c i t y o f Helena s h o u l d not have a f a i r u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f the p h i l ­osophy o f Soc i a l i sm , as the best o f speakers have been here and a trreat a m o u n t o f l i t e r a t u r e is c i r ­c u l a t e d . I f he does not unde r ­s t a n d i t . he a lone is t o b lame. H u t in t he c o u n t y a n d s m a l l places i t is e n t i r e l y d i f f e r e n t : t he c i t y op­p o r t u n i t y has no t been o f f e r e d . T h e He lena comrades have dec id ­ed t h a t i t shal l be o f f e r e d in the f u t u r e . A b o u t a dozen places have been selected a n d w h e n Comrades Burgess a m i H a z l e t t a r r i v e i n H e l e n a t h e y w i l l be t a k e n 011 a c a m p a i g n rou t e o f L e w i s a n d C l a r k C o u n t y . T h i s same p r o ­g r a m , t h e X e w s w o u l d suggest , s h o u l d be c a r r i e d ou t by the com­rades in o t h e r count ies .

Some people seem to th ink tha t all that is needed, is just to talk So­c ia l i sm. A greater mistake cou ld no t be made, and especially at this t ime. Tt is necessary to ta lk Social­ism, agitate, educate and propagate. B u t i t is s t i l l more necessary to or­ganize t he great g r o w i n g Socialist sent iment of today. What good w o u l d the s tanding a rmy be to the government if i t were not organized? Suppose tha t Cnc le Sam had a dis­organized s tanding a rmy of twice the size t h a t i t is now, and he need­ed i t at once. H o w much good w o u l d i t be to h im? N o good, u n t i l such t ime that the i n d i v i d u a l mem­bers c o u l d be t ho rough ly d r i l l ed i n o rgan iza t ion . T h e same is true o f the Social is t a rmy. I n a chaot ic mass, w i t h the large m a j o r i t y c l a im­ing to be Socialists, you wou ld be inef fec t ive and no good. But orga­nized, y o u w i l l be a w o n d e r f u l fo rce —the fo r ce t h a t w i l l topple over the cap i ta l i s t system and establish the co-opera t ive commonwea l th .

W h e n y o u read " W o r k e r s o f the W o r l d ' U n i t e , " d o n ' t get a n y m i d d l e class, o p p o r t u n e f a k e ideas i n y o u r head , such as co -opera t ive s ta te s m e l t e r f a k i r i s t n . I t m a y look g o o d on the s u r f a c e t o some, b u t u p o n close s t u d y a n d i n v e s t i ­g a t i o n y o u must f i n d tha t a l l these bou rgeo i s rabies are o f no bene­f i t t o the w o r k i n g class. I n f a c t , t h e y are as d e t r i m e n t a l as the cap­i t a l i s t class i t s e l f . T h e c a p t u r e o f the w h o l e c h u n k is the o n l y so lu­t i o n o f t he a b o l i t i o n o f the w a g e sys tem. T h e r e f o r e i t behooves a l l wage w o r k e r s t o s teer shy o f a l l o p p o r t u n e schemes w h i c h are s p r u n g b y m i d d l e class g r a f t e r s

Se ve $5.00 OR M O R E by buy ing that new su i t s t T h e H u b . W e h s v e t a k e n al l the broken lota of our $12.50, $IS s n d $18 Suits , a n d placed the ent ire l ine on Sale at

$9.90 S s _ Al l t h i s spr ing s ty les in f ine worsteds, chev­

iots, etc .

A great bargain while they last See B i g Display In our 6th Avenue window.

T5he HUB L . W C I G E L . Pre. .

C O R N E R MAIN AND 6TH

f V W W W V W V W W W W W V W W W W W V W W W W V W V W W W I

Grand Clearing Sale of Ready-to. Wear

Ladies ' wash shir t waist suits Ladies ' and Misses' wash shirts

Waists and ch i ld ren ' s wash dresses.

A T C O S T P R I C E

We do not want to car ry over a single garment of this descr ip­t i o n if price w i l l sell i t . T h e y are a l l this season's stock and we offer them to you at a sacr i f ice to us, at a gain to y o u

Butcher (Si Fowler 24 s n d 56 S o u t h Main Street

» * M a i l orders sol ic i ted and ca re fu l ly and p r o m p t l y f i l l e d .

t^vvvvv»vvv»vvv\vvvvv»vvvvv»v»v»vvvvv%v>vvvvv»^

5 E N 0 F O R C A T A L O O U E S E N D F O R C A T A L O O U E

MONSTER C L E A R A N C E S A L E ! Values Swept Away Profits swept Away

S u r p l u s S tock Swept A w a y Success and a great trade is we l l and sa t i s fac tory ; at the same t ime we are not u n m i n d f u l of the deb t we owe ou r great a rmy o f f r i ends and patrons. As a consequence we are m a k i n g this colossal sale to show the publ ic that we are prepared to sacrif ice values f o r the next twenty days so that you can and may reap the harvest of the destruc­t i ve prices as quo ted in our January catalogue.

&/>e New York Store

F r e e Transpor ta t ion to the

Lewis and Clark Exposition W e are g i v i n g U r e a l b a r g a i n * i n T r u n k s , Va l i s e s a n d S u i t Cases .

l i e f o r e B u y i n g y o u should cal l a n d see us.

CAPITAL CLOTHING COMPANY

^ J a m e s Walker ^ S T A P L E AND FANCY GROCERIES!

Also Boots and Shoes—New Line We make a special ty o f Large M i n i n g and Ranch trade. — w i l l

figure on y o u r b i l l at any t i m e . Je" ^ .Je* J«r S A T I S F A C T I O N G U A R A N T E E D J l

Montana Rai lroad C o m p a n y T I M E C A R D E F F E C T I V E N O V . 6s 1904

Oai ly E x c e p t S u n d a y Dai ly Ejicept S u n d a y Leave 8:45 a. m Lombard ..Arrive 3:45 p. m. Leave 11:40 a. m Doraey Arrive 1:10 p. Arrive 11:55 a. m Summit Iicave 12:50 p. Leave 12:26 p. m Summit . Arrive 12:25 p.

p. m Lennep Arrive 11:40 a. p. m Martinsdale Arrive 11:10 a.

Leave Leave Leave Leave Leave Leave Arrive

12:55 1:25" 2:00 p. m Twodot Arrive 10:35 a. 2:40 p. m Harlowtown Arrive 9:57 a. 4:00 p. m Gameill ..Arrive 8:35 a. 5:00 p. m Moore AVrive 7:50 a. 6:00 p. m Lewistown Leave 7:00 a.

in. m. m. m. m. m. m. m. m. m.

M O N T A N A R A I L R O A D C O . , Helena, Montana

More Subscribers Needed

Typewriters N o . 2 R e m i n g t o n N o . Smi th l ' f e m i r Sholes Vis ib le H a m m o n d I d e a l . .

. .. $zo and *35 »• 35 - 3 5

30

R E A S O N A B L E P R I C E S E A S Y M O N T H L Y P A Y M E N T S

Cal ig rapn , N o : 4% . . . . . . . . . . $30 Manhattan. 35 Chicago . . ao Densraore, N o . r a n d a . . . . . . 35 Jewett'. 40 Franklin 20

H a m m o n d Universa l #36 to 50 Cal ig raph , No . 2 20

T h e above machines are in per fec t c o n d i t i o n , have new platen, new r i b ­bon , etc., a n d gnaranteed f o r one year, the same as a b rand new machine.

I f y o u want s better machine t h a n those quo ted above, wr i te me f o r a copy of my new catalogue. T y p e w r i t e r and off ice supplies always i n stock.

Reference: Appea l t o Reason, O i f a r d , Kansas.

0. L Atidtrson,.609' Rialto Building, Chicago-

M O N T A N A NEWS, H E L E N A , M O N T A N A I

G&K CLOTHING 3

Bears the Union Label, a guarantee of excellence that the working man cannot af­ford to overlook.

Gans & Klein HELENA, MONT.

Socialist News From

State Headquarters No donations to the organizing

fund has been received during the past week.

Comrade Hazlett has had very successful meetings in Carbon county and has sold a large quantity of lit­erature.

She will speak at Cokedale (un­organized) August i ; Clyde Park, (unorganized ) August 2 and 3.

Comrade Burgess reports good meetings at Bozeman and Belgrade, (unorganized) during his stay in Fergus county he will visit (Jilt Edge, Maiden and Moore, and will en­deavor to reorganize Lewistown, Kendall , Gil t Edge and Maiden locals.

J. H . Walsh will speak at Hins­dale (unorganized) July 30 and 31. Malta (unorganized) August 1 and 2. Chinook, (unorganized) August 3-

A communication has been sent John Basil Barnhill notifying him that Comrade Hazlett will meet him in debate, providing the arrange­ments can be made, and asking him for further information concerning the financing of the debate.

We expect to be able to gain de-finate information in next report concerning the debates.

The totat receipts for July up to the 21 inst., is $58, which is $70 less than was received for the corre­sponding time in June. Expences for July will be much heavier than any proceeding month ow ;ng to the large amount of agitating that is be­ing done throughout the state.

There is over 300 membe r s throughout the state averaging three months in arriars. If they can be induced to pay up at once, it will mean an immediate increase of re­

venue to the state organization of 190, and a steady increase in the monthly receipts of I30, enough to warrant us putting another organ­izer in the field.

There 27 comities in the state, at the last election, 14 of those counties had Socialist tickets on the ballot.

We should endeavour to get every county organized, and in shape so that there will be a Socialist ticket on the ballot at the next election in every county. This will require a large expenditure of labor. At our present rate of organizing, we will only have six more counties organ­ized by the end of the year. We should make a greater advance than this and have ten more organized by the first of January.

The Socialists in various cities and states are discussing the question of immediate demands. This question has cropped up in Montana and it should be earnestly discussed, im­mediate and vigorous action taken to settle the question.

Comrades the immediate demands in Montana that needs your first attention is, more finance at head­quarters to thoroughly organize the state.

J A S . D . G R A H A M ,

Correspondence Havre, Mont, J u l y 18, 1905.

M r . J . H . Walsh, Helena, Mont . Dear S i r and Comrade :—Please

f ind enclosed one and 50-100 dol­lars for which to renew my own subscription and send to Dav id Hawley. Havre, Mont., one copy for one year. J . T. D Y E R .

Box 1298.

Dear Comrade Walsh :—In­closed you wi l l find P . O. Money Order for $2.00 to pay for the sub­scription of ("has. Money ami that of ours. The subscription of M r . Money was sold on the street at the lecture of Comrade Rurgess and is one of the cards sent Com­rade Parrel I by you. At each meeting we have tried to sell sub­scription cards but thus f a r this is the only one we have been suc­cessful in disposing of. W i t h best wishes. I am

Yours fraternal ly, CRAB. T R O T T .

Como. J u l y 20, 1905. Comrade Walsh : Yours of the

7th instant is at hand in regard to finding out something about the Darby local, but I am unable to accommodate you. I attended a few times but wc could not get I quorum, so I quit. I have tried to get them together but gave it up. I think that the people are all right. The Socialists are all laborim: men and in summer work in the mines and woods and at Bight are too tried to M l out to the

local. A few are a little disgusted over the Berger affair. I tried to do something for your paper, but they say times are hard and have not got any money. It is to bad that we can't get more of our lec­turers before the people. Bryan Democracy is fad ing; some of flit ' people that can't see at what is Socialism, but I think that Bryan and Roosevelt arc going to make Socialists by the next election, can't deliver the "goods . " A tew more breaks of " R o o s y " w i l l t ' i\ 11 i 111. I think

Wel l . I am haying and busy, so wil l say good bye.

Yours (of Socialism. I am Respectfully,

S A M K Y L E .

very

< lam y. Mont. Ju ly 21. 1905. To the Mont. News:

In the last issue of the News is a coinmunicat ion from Kev. Win . Poland. Among other things lie says. " T o be satisfied that the principle is in operation you must know that you are not laboring to cover over other men's laziness and fraud of t ime." F o r my part I wi l l say this 1 " I f the other fe l ­lows are doing anything at all we wi l l be a damned sight better off than we are at present, for we are not only doing more than our share of labor but we are packing a lot of useless parasites who c l ing to our backs l ike the very demons of hell and suck out our blood l ike leaches. It is to get r id of this k i n d <>f varmin that the Socialists have started the fight and they wi l l never quit t i l l they have wiped them out root and branch. It is not so important to put the graft­e r s and parasites to work to pro­duce their own l iv ing as it is to prevent them from stealing what we produce. Under Socialism they wont have to work if they don't want to, they wi l l always have the privilege of starving peacefully to death i f they prefer that to honest labor and there wi l l be no one to interfere with them in this matter. Surely this is fa i r . The reverend gentleman also says he can always get everything he wants under the present system. Under those circumstances I don't blame him for upholding it and I w i l l say he is a damned sight bet­ter off than I am. although I work hard every day. Sunday included, notwithstanding the fact that it 's an awful sin to work on the Lord ' s day. and I suppose my soul w i l l have to scorch in hell to pay fo r it. but I have to work every day in order to get enough to eat and help pay fo r houses of prostitu­tion for our senators and repre­sentatives at Washington, D . C.

Rah fo r good government and the O. O. P , and the rags that wave graceful ly in the breeze f rom the s c a t of the laboring mules' pants who votes the ticket. Socialism or bust.

J O H N B R A C K .

Every Socialist should read the Montana News and pav for it besides.

Dean, Mont., J u l y 20, 1905. Comrade Walsh:—The seeds of

Socialism that have been sown by our National Organizer Comrade Ha/I. 11, Mother Jones and a few other worthy Comrades is surely Bringing up all around us. Last Sunday we met to elect new offic­ers for the coming term and there wen seven more Comrades added to our local. It was decided that wc would br ing our lunch and meet as long as the weather per­mits in the groves along the streams Our litt le streams are f u l l of beautiful mountain trout. But the l if t le trout recognize us, they M O B to realize that we have not the dollar and so they are not at all afraid of us. They sport and play as much as to say you can sit on the bank, fo r you're but a poor crank and we are too r ich for your blood Our wealthy folks f rom the c i ty wi l l soon be coming out to enjoy the good, pure water and the lialmy breeze and as we have not yet been ordered off of the L'rass they wi l l no doubt grant us the privilege of tt*^fflg bait for them and of bait ing their hooks. What a privilege to be thankful f o r :

If we can only get to furnish the bait we w i l l pledge ourselves to furnish the pure k i n d .

Yours for Socialism. M A R I E P O T T S .

Butte I a tn 1 r Uuions ^ Come To-getner

The committee of twelve ap­pointed by the Silver Bow Trades and l.ador assembly and the Butte Central Labor council about a week ago to discuss the question of bring­ing all the local labor unions in Silver Bow county under one general head completed its work last night with the exception of drafting a constitution and by-laws for the government of the proposed head. The committee was unanimous in its belief that there should be only one head body and will report its find­ings to their respective bodies at once. The members of the Silver Bow Trades and Labor assembly will make their report this evening and it will be acted upon by that body. The Butte Central Labor counci l will not meet until Tuesday evening. The report of that end of the committee will then be submitted to it.

Two meetings of the. committee were held, one Friday and the other last night. At neither was there a disposition shown in opposition to the movement, the discussions on the subject being harmonious and to the point. The committee has no douht that its recommendation will meet with the favor of the bodies it rep­resents, and before long all of the local unions will be operating under one head instead of two, as is now the case. The adoption of the re­port means that the Silver Bow Trades and Labor assembly and the Butte Central Labor council will be dissolved and that a new body to be known as the Silver Bow Trades and Labor council will take its place. The latter is the name the committee

(Continued on page 4.)

Priest s Attack On Socialism

GOT EM ON THE RUN Our Competitors say we cannot sell the Best Goods at our Prices.

B u r We Sell the Very Best Groceries

30 Per Cent CHEAPER

ST THAN T H E Y S E L L TRASH 3f

CRAGG & SCHNICK Representing GEO. MELDRUM dc CO., °-f Chicago

'The first christians evidently be­lieved in a form of communism. They went further; they put their belief into practice. And with what excellent results these words of the Acts of the Apostles set forth:

For neither was their anyone needy among them. For as many as were owners of lands or houses sold them, and brought the price of the things they sold. And distri­bution was made to every one ac­cording as he had need." I Acts iv. , 34-35-)

They succeeded in abolishing poverty among their own members. There was not a single needy or poor person in the whole commun­ity. For from the common treas­ury made up of the sales of the lands and houses of the rich the poor were cared for.

It was an ideal arrangement, and it seemed to work with perfect satis­faction. There was, however, a notable exception, the ease of Anan­ias and his wife, who were not pre­pared to make ful l returns of their property and suffered accordingly the severest penalty, that of death, for the violation of the rules of the society.

Outside of certain religious orders of the church and a few communities like the late Fconomite society, this form of Socialism no longer exists. In the case of the religious commu­nities it works admirably, for the reason that the members are inspired by the same motives as were the first christains; wherever else it has been tried it has resulted in failure.

No one dreams today of applying the theory and practice to society at large as a means of redressing its evils and inequalities. Far different remedies are proposed. To cure the evils of modern society the So­cialist would do away with the cause —private ownership in the means of production; private property should be abolished and individual posses­sion should become the property of the state.

Now, it is worth while to examine briefly this theory of Socialism. Let me call attention to a few plain principles. They will help to set us right. Here is one: Man has a natural right to life and to the means by which his life and that of his posterity may be preserved. This right is inalienable and goes before any right which the state may claim over him. The family, of which the man is the head is in itself a perfect society, and forms the organ­ized unit of which c ivi l society is composed. But land and the means of production form the chief natural means by which man preserves his life and transmits living to his post­erity. Hence, man has a perfect right to land and the means of pro­duct ion-the land which he has cultivated and the instrument which he has made become, as it were, identified with himself. He has a right to possess them securely, to exclude others, and to hand them down to his children. But this is private ownership of the means of production.

It will not do to say that the earth and the fullness thereof have been given to the whole human race; and, therefore, he who owns a part robs all the rest. The earth, it is true, has been given to the whole human race, but individual ownership de­pends upon occupancy, intention to use, cultivation, work, and such other human actions as make for rational division.

If private ownership in the means of production were once abolished the world's order and thrift would vanish. Man's strongest incentive to work is selfishness. He puts forth his best energies, only to in­crease for himself and family his private store of wealth, happiness, or glory. With the abolition of pri­vate ownership in the means of pro­duction the opportunity of produc­ing for private exchange would disappear and human energy become

IV

stagnent. The ploughman would not till the soil,the miner use his dri l l or the woman her needle. Dull­ness, listlessness and idleness would reign supreme.

Again: F.very man in this country is entitled, according to the declar­ation of independence, to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. He has a right, moreover, to self im­provement; the developing and per­fecting of his faculties, whether in the department of knowledge or of virtue. He has a right to food and clothing, to the shelter of a home, to occupation and to permanency in the possession of what he has acquired by his labor. Permanency of possession is an essential point, because this gives at once a stimulus to endeavor and to the attainment of proper early ambition. E v i ­dently under the Socialistic theory this permanency would be removed and consequently all would go that makes life worth living, liberty worth having, or happiness arything more than a name.

If the theories of Socialism were carried out the working man would be the first to suffer. Without prop­erty he cannot exercise his innate rights to personal comforts, to the pursuit of happiness and to the de­velopment of his faculties. Who would till the fields if someone had a right to step in and reap the har­vest? A man must provide for the future, and therefore he has a right to lay by something for a rainy day. He must have the wherewithal, not only for his present needs, but must put aside for the future. What is the theory of wages but that a man gives the sweat of his brow and his labor in order that he may get something in return.

Now. suppose that a man receives enough not only to provide for to­day, but by frugality and economy, to lay aside a sufficient amount of money to buy a small piece of ground. What is this ground? It represents what he has earned by the sweat of his brow, it is a part of his salary, a part of the money he has worked hard to gain. Assuredly, therefore, he has right to dispose of the ground in any way he pleases, because by his own personal labor he has ac­quired it.

Therefore, when Socialists say that property should be transferred from the individual to the state or to the community they strike a direct blow at the liberty of the working-man. It is undeniable that a man by having this right to dispose of his wages as he wishes and to pos­sess property is much better off un­der the present system than he would be under such a system as is urged by the Socialists, because under their rule whatever a man acquires must pass not to himself but to the com­munity.

The evil? of society are indeed great, but need not be magnified. The betterment of the workingman and the happiness of the poor lie not in the distruction of private property, of the family, of religion and the state, but in education, in virtuous living, in the organization of labor for the enforcement of its just demands.

With the philosophy of patience, with christian fortitude, bearing cheerfully the share of suffering which cannot be avoided, man can make of this earth—if not Utopia —at least a home of peace and con­tentment.

Nor should it be forgotten that the heart of the church is always with the honest workingman. In every age from the days of the A -postles she has supportedjand bles­sed his labors and pleaded for his just rights. And that is her position today. She holds to the fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man. She preaches the doctrine of liberty, equality and fraternity. And were it possible she would restore our

(Continued on page 4)

4 MONTANA NKWS, HE1.KNA. MONTANA

(Contiued from page j) Priest's Attack on Socialism

modern world to that ideal state of the first christians wherein "distri­bution was made to every one ac­cording to his need and there was no one needy among them."

KKV. M. M. SHEEDY. * * *

At the banquet given to President Gompers of the American Federa-tion of Labor by the labor organiza­tions of Lawrence, Mass., on the evening of Patriot's Day, April 19, one of the principle speakers was the Very Rev. James T. O'Reilly, O. S. A., pastor of St. Mary's church, of that city. He said:

" i am much pleased with the op­portunity the present occasion af­fords to honor the numerous toilers in the ranks of organized labor in our city, by contributing my part to the hearty welcome to their honored and able leader who is our guest this evening. The circumstances do not permit of any lengthy re­marks, and the viewpoints of the labor question are so many that it is difficult to say which would be the most useful and important topic to select.

"There is however, one thing as true as any dogma of faith, and that is that the interest of capital and labor are not conflicting of even in­dependent factors in our industrial life, but so closely linked by inter­communicating influences that one may not prosper without the aid of the other. To my mind the whole labor problem is how to make them harmonize by wisely guiding humau energy and properly restraining hu­man greed.

"A man is content that he has been employed, and has an oppor­tunity of putting in his time and drawing his wages without rendering faithful service, and the man who axacts the greatest possible energy from his help and pays the least pos­sible wages, sin equally against the mutual interests of capital and labor.

"The employer of labor who est­imates all his help according to the low standing of the lazy, good-for-nothing, and the disturber, belongs to the same class of narrow minds as the laborer who sees in the great corporation giving employment to thousands but the great overbearing and crushing tyrant.

"The capitalist has to remember that those who labor and toil by their physical strength to keep the mills grinding out dividends, are not mere machines but human beings with duties and responsibilities in life that have to be attended to as well as the machines they run. Labor­ers should remember that the capital­ist is not, as frequently represented, the heartless Moloch thirsting for blood, and crushing out the life of the poor, but any man who has his savings invested, whether in his little home, or the local savings bank, as well as in railroad stock, govern­ment bonds, or as the owner of the industrial stock.

"Class hatred must give place to fraternal love. Let us have more of Mt. Sinai and its commandments, than Beacon Hill and its special laws.

"Men who combine in unions for mutual protection and the develop­ment of their strength, and who use their power to crush non-union la­bor, are doing what the captains of industry do when thtrv combine in the trust to control trade by crush­

ing out their small competitors. "As all the interests of capital and

labor are promoted along the same or parallell lines so they are alike destroyed by the canker worms of selfish greed, and most of the diffi­culties that develop from time to time, either in the petty strike, or in great disturbances throwing thou­sands out of employment, are due rather to individual imprudence, stubborness, dishonesty, and pride than to any real difference in con­tending interests. With labor well organized and its brightest, ablest and truest men in the pilot house, we cannot have two much capital or too many capitalists for the good of our country."

« it *

The first time Socialism ven­tured to make itself known publicly in the United States was in the year 1888, when the Socialist candidate for the presidency received but 2,068 votes; within four years they in­creased their ranks to 21,000 voters; in 1896 they amounted to 36,200; in 1900 as many as 127,553 Americans cast their vote for Eugene V. Debs; and at the last election the Socialist vote ran up to 436,000 votes. Un­til recently the movement was con­fined to a few New England states with Massachusetts as its stronghold, but now it has invaded every state in the Union. A state of the middle west,Illinois, is at present the ban­ner state of Socialism. In 1896 the state of New York had about 17,000 Socialists. Wisconsin 1,300, Illi­nois 1,100 votes. Today Illinois leads with 74,000 votes, New York follows with 46:000, and Wisconsin has polled 28,000 Socialist votes. A better idea of the marvelous growth of Socialism than may be obtained by recording its absolute progress, is conveyed by the consideration of its relative growth, i. e., its increase in votes as compared with the votes of other parties. Whilst since 1896 the democratic vote has gone back 26.6 per'centum, and the republican vote advanced but 6.1 per cent the Socialists have gained 1,083.3 per cent. — C A T H O L I C CITIZEN.

(Continued from page 1)

turned in to tin- State Secretary's office (lui ini: 'June.

"Resolution by .Mystic Local, Mnmcli 24. of Mystic, Conn., de­mands that the National Commit tee do its duty in revising the state and Municipal Program sub­mitted to it by the National Con­vention, and submit it to National Kcfelendlllll.

Fraternally yours. BigMdj ROBKBT H O L L I D A Y ,

Secretary Mvstic Local. Mystic, Conn." Dates for National Lecturers

and Organizers for the coming week are as follows:

John Collins—July 30, 31, Okla­homa City. Okla.; Aug. 1, 2, Nor­man; 3, 4, Purcell. Indian Ter.; .""», enroute.

George H. Goebel-^July 30, Al -vin. Tex.; 31, Waco; Aug. 1, Ft. Worth; 2, 3, Dallas; 4, Denison; 5. Tyler.

B. Feigenbaum (Jewish)—July 3d. Chicago. 111.; 31, enroute; Aug. 1, 2. St. Louis. Mo.; 3, en­route; 4. 5, Kansas City.

Comrade William A . Toole, during his recent tour of Mary­land, revived three locals and or­ganized one new one.

J . MARLON BARNES. National Secretary.

Have you done your duty in as­sisting the state secretary in getting into the new field for organizing.

(Continued from page 1)

fancy H u m s , basket 35c Peaches, bx. f i . i o

New Peas, 4 h\ 25c Wax Beans, tl> 25 Vic Cncumbers, each • • -8c Tomatoes, 5- tt» basket 45c Tomatoes, tt> 12'Ac Raspberries, case .$2.35 Blueberries, quart. 17/4c New Potatoes, 100 lt> M<7| Watermelons, tt» 2c Currants, red or white, basket 8c

Helena Packing & Provision Co 320-22 N . Nan, Hi. L . D. 'Phone 129

GUIDEO BY GOLDEN R U L E .

Palaters aad Paper H i a g t n . G e n e r a l S e c r e t a r y - T r e a s u r e r Hkemi>

o f the Bro the rhood of Pa in te r s , i r a to rs a n d P a p e r H a n g e r s o f A m e r i c a • a y s the o r g a n i s a t i o n embraces be­t w e e n 55,000 and 60,000 member* , add­i n g :

" T h e m e m b e r s h i p of o u r n a t i o n a l un Ion has been g rea t ly augmen ted recent l j by the a d m i s s i o n o f a lmos t 2,000 m e m b o r s In P h i l a d e l p h i a w h o were f o r m e r l y members of an Independent u n i o n B h l c h went out o f ex i s tence a f t ­e r w e took them In. I n N e w Y o r k we have o n l y Just l a t e ly t aken In a b i g lo­c a l o f members w h o were ou t s ide f o r yenra . O u r to ta l m e m b e r s h i p In N e w Y o r k reaches ove r 0,000, a n d we are s t i l l I nc reas ing . "

BENEFITS OF UNIONS T H E Y A R E I M P O R T A N T E D U C A T I O N A L

A N D S O C I A L C E N T E R S .

The Heat Paid, Moat I • i . 111 a .• 11 aad Advanced W n r k r r a Are Kound l a T i n . I , - Orsraalaatloaa— Labor's Infla-• a r r on Induatrlal Proarreaa.

I t Is genera l ly conceded Mint c o m -b l n n t l o n of c a p i t a l I K both l e g i t i m a t e a m i necessary to modern methods of InduMtr.v, yet there Is a r e luc tance , C M pee la l ly a m o n g the e m p l o y i n g c lass , to recogulz*' the same necessi ty on the part of labor , wr i t e s M a r t i n F. M u r ­phy In the H u f f a l o K \ p r e s s . It Is urg­ed aga ins t t rades un ions that t l iey do • t roy the f r e e d o m of laborers to m a k e I n d i v i d u a l cont rac ts and hence are despot ic . I f c o m b i n a t i o n is I n j u r i o u s to f r e e d o m of contrac t , w h y do cap i ­t a l i s t s c o m b i n e ? W h y Is a loss of l i be r ty tha t Is B O In ju r ious to laborera e spec ia l ly benef i c i a l to c a p i t a l i s t s ?

D u r i n g the per iods and ia ibose loca l ­i t ies whe re labor o rgan i za t i ons have been most genera l an i l e f f ic ien t the la ­b o r i n g c l a s s an a whole l ias c e r t a i n l y g r o w n In p o w e r and f r e e d o m . It is c l e a r l y f o r the Interest of la 1 Mirers tha t thei r cond i t i on should lie g o v e r n i M by the m o r e Inte l l igent o f thei r c lass , a n d this o r g a n i z a t i o n alone can m a k e It poss ib le . Moreove r , t rades u n i o n s are educa t iona l in s t i tu t ions . T h e y tend to deve lop the Intel l igence a n d c h a r a c t e r o f the lnlMirers In m a n y w a y s . I n the first p lace , they s t imula te the s t u d y o f I n d u s t r i a l ques t ions w h i c h Invo lve a cons ide rab l e amoun t of r e a d i n g a n d gene ra l i n f o r m a t i o n and a l so an Intel Ugent a cqua in t ance w i t h the i n d u s t r i a l c o n d i t i o n s of thei r c r a f t . I n t e l l i gen t t rades un ion i s t s are f r e q u e n t l y bet ter I n f o r m e d upon Indus t r i a l a m i p o l i t i c a l ques t ions a n d are less l i a b l e to lose their heads i n a s e n t i m e n t a l w h i r l t h a n a re the more educa ted a n d less e x p e r i e n c e d m i d d l e a n d co l lege c lasses .

T r a d e s un ions a re also Impor t an t so­c i a l centers , i n a d d i t i o n to f u r n i s h i n g l abore r s wi th the means o f I letter k n o w l e d g e of the i r economic cond i t i ons and more in te l l igen t methods f o r i m ­p r o v i n g them, they a f f o r d a n oppor tu ­n i ty f o r soc ia l Intercourse o t h e r w i s e p r a c t i c a l l y Impossible . T h e y are to the w a g e earners wha t ch i l i s a n d s o c i a l in ­s t i t u t i ons are to the wea l thy . T h e so c l a l Intercourse a n d a c t i v i t y thus cre­ated tend to a w a k e n new Interests, w a n t s and a sp i r a t ions w h i c h are not l i m i t e d to the charac te r of the i n d i v i d ­u a l meni lH ' r s , hut g r a d u a l l y e x t e n d to the i r home l i f e , thus s u r e l y i m p r o v ­i n g the soc ia l cond i t ion and the s tand­ard o f l i v i n g of the whole c lass . T h e p ressu re of Increased s o c i a l needs thus s i l en t ly developed makes a de­m a n d f o r h igher wages necessary . W e a l w a y s f ind the most in te l l igen t , soc ia l ly a d v a n c e d and best pa id l a b o r e r ! In

e v e i y Indust ry to lie th st promt nent t rades un ion i s t s and u s u a l l y the most ac t i ve soc i a l ag i ta tors .

It w i l l not be disputed that s t r i k e s are o f t e n u n w i s e l y a m i badly, managed , that dishonest men or o the rwi se con­sp i cuous ly unfi t f o r leadersh ip some­t imes get at the head o f a l a l s i r o rgan ­i za t ion . Hut Is not this t r ue o f eve ry other f o r m o f soc ia l and i n d u s t r i a l or­gan i za t i ons? A r e c a p i t a l i s t o rgan iza ­t ions f r ee f r o m these charges? I i o t h e y not f r e q u e n t l y act rashly , o f t e n i n v o l v ­i n g the d N a s t e r of innocent Inves tors? C a n n o t the same Impeachment be urged w i t h qu i t e as m u c h t ruth aga ins t po­l i t i c a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s ? T h e s e m i s t a k e s are not a necessary part o f l abo r or­g a n i z a t i o n a n y more than d ishones t m i n i s t e r s of the gospel are necessa r i ly a p a r t of C h r i s t i a n i t y . T h e y a r i se f r o m ignorance and m i s t a k e n no t ions a m o n g the laborers , w h i c h trades u n i o n s t end to coun te rac t .

I u those indus t r i e s w h e r e t r ades u n i o n s are best o rgan ized a n d e x e r c i s e the greatest Influence s t r i k e s a re f e w ­est, w a g e s are highest a n d the re la­t ions be tween w o r k e r s a n d e m p l o y e r s most con f iden t i a l and h a r m o n i o u s . T r a d e s un ions therefore a r e not o n l y l e g i t i m a t e economic and s o c i a l Ins t i tu ­t ions , but they are an In tegra l p a r t o f the Indus t r i a l o r g a n i z a t i o n o f m o d e r n soc ie ty . W i t h a l l their d e f e c t s they have ever been rea l l i ene fac to ra , not mere ly to thei r o w n m e m b e r s a n d the w a g e class , but to socie ty .

DeTourlnsT Oar Own C n l l d r a a . " W e bel ieve i n the e ight hour d a y , "

• a y s T o m W a t s o n In his m a g a z i n e f o r June , " f o r labor in gove rnmen t w o r k s . In f ac to r ies , workshops a n d mines .

" W e bel ieve In the r egu l a t i on o f c h i l d l a b o r In f ac to r i e s , w o r k s h o p s a n d m i n e s to the end that c h i l d r e n o f ten­de r age s h a l l not be made to s l a v e out the i r l ives In o rde r that c o r p o r a t i o n s sha l l have cheap la l io r a n d l a rge d i v i ­dends .

" S a t u r n , the o ld f ab le te l l s us, de­v o u r e d his o w n c h i l d r e n . C h r i s t i a n c i v ­i l i s a t i o n does the same t h i n g .

" A s long as we pe rmi t c h i l d r e n o f t en and t w e l v e years to l a b o r e ight to f o u r t e e n hours per day In o u r m i l l s a n d workshops modern c i v i l i s a t i o n Is ano the r S a t u r n . W e are d e v o u r i n g o u r o w n c h i l d r e n . "

T h e P a o p l a t [Wri t ten In 1800 ]

The people la a beast of muddy brain. Tha t k n o w s not Ita own etreiurth and

therefore atanda Loaded with wood and Iron. The pow-

•rleaa hands Of a mere chi ld ru lae It wi th Mt and

rein. One k ick would be e n o u g h to break the

chain. But the timet feara, and what the eh l ld

demands It doea. nor Ita own terror understand*.

Confuaed and Htupefled by buffbears va in . Moat womler fn l ! W i t h Its own handa

It tlaa the s o « a Itself, slvea Itself tits and war

F o r penca doled out by klrasa f r o m Its' own atore.

Its own are nil thing"* between earth and heaven.

B u t thla It knowa not. and If on* arise T o ta l l thla t ruth It ki l ls h im unforf t ivan.

—Father Campanel ls .

T H E BUSINESS AGENT.

Justice Shoald Rr the Keynote of Hie Ofllclal Action.

T h e pos i t ion of bus iness agent Is not a s inecure nor a bed of roses by any means. s a y s W . W . W e r n e r In the Car ­penter . W h e n any one accepts the po­s i t i on , t h i n k i n g that he w i l l h a v e • k i d g loved Job, the I l lus ion w i l l soon DO d i s p e l l e d i f he honest ly p e r f o r m s b i s w o r k . T h e business agent has lieen the but t o f the newspaper s f o r yea r s a n d has been looked upon w i t h sus­p i c i o n not only by the e m p l o y i n g classes , hut the genera l pub l i c a t large. T h e p r e j u d i c e that has been c rea ted aga ins t h i m is g r a d u a l l y v a n i s h i n g , hut a t best he Is hand lea i>ed at a l l t imes. T h e bus iness agent f r e q u e n t l y fluds that Ids hardest t ights are to be en­countered In the un ion , whore jealou­sies or f a c t i o n a l i s m are p e r m i t t e d to flourish, a n d as a conse<|uence the work i n b e t t e r i n g the c o n d i t i o n o f o rgan ized l a b o r Is g rea t ly hampered .

T h e Ideal bus iness agent n e v e r ex­i s t ed , a n d I doub t that he eve r w i l l . Tiw> m a n y men have a sp i r ed to reach that h igh e l eva t ion o n l y to h a v e their a m b i t i o n s dashed to pieces ere they have gone very f a r . T h e y rea l i ze w h e n too late that In t r y i n g to please eve ry one they have ga ined the e n m i t y o f a l l , a n d , no ma t t e r wha t t he i r ab i l ­i t ies m a y be, the i r u s e f u l n e s s at once ceases.

A bus iness agent shou ld possess In­d i v i d u a l i t y . Let h i m sit d o w n and th ink each ques t ion o v e r before he acts. L i s t e n to the a d v i c e o f f e l l o w m e m b e r s o f the o r g a n i s a t i o n a n d use It In ac­co rdance w i t h Its v a l u e . N e v e r a l l o w d i c t a t i o n . W h e n y o u do , y o u h a v e lost j o u r e tHcleucy. T h e f e l l o w w h o seeks to con t ro l y o u in m a n y eases Is mak­i n g a c a t s p a w of you K e e p a l o o f f r o m a l l c l iques , l i e r e a d y to l i s ten to com p l a i n t s , bu t s l o w to a c t W e i g h w e l l the ev idence on i s i t h sides w h e n any con t rove r sy ar ises be tween the employ­er a n d a m e m l i e r of y o u r loca l . Le t Jus t ice IK- meted out at a l l t i m e s wi th ­out r e g a r d to w h o m it m a y benef i t o r In jure .

I f t h i s course is p u r s u e d y o u w i l l g a i n the conf idence o f the g rea t mass of people and w i l l c o m m a n d the re­spect o f those who m a y not be f r i e n d ­ly to y o u . A l w a y s r e m e m b e r that It Is best to have y o u r e r ro rs to be those of the head and not o f the hear t .

FREEDOM OF CONTRACT.

John H u m * Sa>» It • • Opposed to Modern Ideaa of t luvrraa irat .

J o h n B u r n s , the K n g l i s h l abor leader a n d m e m b e r of p a r l i a m e n t w h o l i n e s t lga ted l abor cond i t i ons i u the Un i t ed States se\ era I years ago, has read the recent ten hour dec i s ion o f the I ' u l t c d States sup reme cour t . H e does not be­l ieve the w o r k i n g people w i l l accept It and s a y s :

" T h e people of the I ' n l t ed S ta tes w i l l never t ake the dec i s ion . E i t h e r the de­c i s ion w i l l be Ignored b y the mora l sense o f the c o m m u n i t y or the const i tu­t ion I tself w i l l h ave to be amended , no ma t t e r h o w onerous that task m a y be.

" T e n yea r s ago, w h e n I w a s In the U n i t e d States , I s a i d the cons t i tu t ion w a s olio of the greatest ach ievements that the w o r l d has eve r seen. I added, however , that there w a s the danger tha t c a p i t a l i s t s a n d m a n u f a c t u r e r s migh t t u r n It in to a dead ly weapon of In jus t i ce whereby the w o r k e r s wou ld be w r o n g e d and the r i c h m a d e r icher .

" F r e e d o m of con t rac t Is t o t a l l y op­posed to a l l m o d e m Ideas o f govern­ment . W h y , If tha t p r i n c i p l e were s t r i c t l y upheld a m a n cou ld s e l l h im se l f Into s l ave ry . I nden tu red labor, w h i c h w e here In K n g l a n d a re fighting aga ins t . Is dependent upon the alleged right of every m a n to sel l h i s l abor as cheaply as he l i ke s . F r e e d o m o f con­t r ac t s t r i ke s at the root o f e v e r y f a r tory net and every piece o f r emedia l I n d u s t r i a l l eg i s la t ion the w o r l d has seen.

" N o ; the people o f the U n i t e d States mus t get r i d o f tha t a l l eged p r i n c i p l e o f f r e e d o m of con t rac t a n d a l t e r the cons t i t u t ion that endeavors to m a k e It b i n d i n g on a l l men f o r a l l t i m e . "

Prepar ing f o r Labor O a r -L a b o r day a r r a n g e m e n t s h a v e been

begun b y nea r l y a l l the c e n t r a l bodies and loca l un ions o f Bos ton . T h i s year an especia l e f fo r t Is to tie m a d e to have • v e r y loca l un ion o f the c i t y parade. T h e r e Is a genera l f e e l i n g t h a t every un ion , espec ia l ly those w i t h labels, shou ld parade. M a n y , - s o m e the largest In the c i t y , have not done so In recent yea r s . T h e b i g o rgan i s a t i ons w i thou t l a l i e l s say that they can be Immensely helped In their l ines If every organisa­tion parades . In f a c t , It Is o p e n l y stat­ed by m a n y o f the most p r o m i n e n t and c o n s e r v a t i v e leaders that If e v e r y labor o r g a n i z a t i o n in th is c i t y w o u l d parade L a l i o r d a y the l a b o r p r o b l e m In this c i t y w o u l d be p r a c t i c a l l y sett led T h e s h o w o f s t rength by the p a r a d e of the more t h a n 02,000 m e n and w o m e n con­nected w i t h loca l l abor o rgan iza t i ons . If a l l t u r n e d oat, w o u l d conv ince the doub te r s as to the else a n d Impor tance of the l abo r m o v e m e n t In t h i s city.— B o s t o n T r a v e l e r .

Reasonable Wastes. H e r e Is sonar reason f r o m a Ch icago

d a l l y : "The cost of l a b o r is one o f the p r i n c i p a l I tems that e n t e r Into com­pe t i t i on between bus iness m e n . No oue • a n d e n y this . T h e n is It not a decided a d v a n t a g e to d s a l w i t h a n organiza­tion o f labor that guaran tees to the bus iness man that his compet i to r Is p a y i n g the same wages that he doesT A n d besides there Is not a un ion i n ex i s t ence that p laces m i n i m u m wages above a n a m o u n t necessary to support w o r k m e n upon c o m f o r t a b l y . U n i o n wages are reasonable wages . E m p l o y ers of l abo r w h o object to the s t r i c t l y u n i o n shop do so s i m p l y because union r egu la t ions r equ i r e a s t a n d a r d of Jus­t ice to the w o r k m e n that mos t employ­ers w a n t to v i o l a t e In the Interests o f p r o f i t . "

BANKING BY MAIL The I nion Bank & Trust Company receives deposits by mail on ex­

actly the same terms as though made in person at the Bank. The mails are entirely safe antl are convenient, and people in all parts

of the country transact banking in this manner. Deposits may be sent by registered mail, postoffice or express money

order, or by bank check or draft. As soon as we receive the first deposit it will be entered on our books, and a passbook mailed the depositor as a receipt for the money deposited.

We have issued a small booklet telling of the simple way in which an account can be opened by mail and we will send a copy of it free to anyone asking for the same.

ACCOUNTS OPENED FROM ONE DOLLAR UPWARDS FOUR PER CENT INTEREST ON SAVINGS DEPOSITS

A. S.

THE UNION BANK & TRUST CO. OF MONTANA, AT HELENA

Capital - $250*000 OFFICERS

(i F O R G E I . RAMSKY, President P. CURTIN • •• • Vice President FRANK BOG A R T Cashier McKKNNAN . .Treasurer C. f , MORRIS ..Secretary

which awakened in his face, already grave with incessant reflections, a sign of joy.

Indeed, the men who worked there in Cleveland at his elbow will tell you today that the only signs of hilarity John D. Rockefeller ever showed in those days were over a good bargain. This would make him clap his hands. Let it be a very good bargain, and he would throw up his hat—kick up his heels, and hug his informant. This was joy for him, this was the satisfaction of passion—this good bargain.

And as he succeeded his desire for wealth seemed, to his friends, to grow even more rapidly tnan his business. "I am bound to be rich, bound to be rich, bound to be rich," they report him as saying. His conviction that it was the duty of a man to get and keep all the money he could, a conviction which seems to have been born in him, was be­coming a passion for wealth. By 1870 he was a rich man; his friends said he would go far.

(Continued from page 3.)

has decided to recommend to their respective orders.

Two of the members of the com­mittee said their was not the slightest obstacle in the way of the movement. They said they had gone into the meeting of the joint committee with the apprehension that some oppo­sition would be exhibited by both sides, but had found all of the mem bers of the same opinion. They said it would require a little time to get things in shape for the launch­ing of the new body, but everything was moving in that direction.

Another meeting of the committee will be held next Friday evening for the purpose of framing and adopting a new constitution and by-laws. The constitution will be made up from the pages of both the Trades and Labor assembly and the Butte Cen­tral council, so there will be no objection from either side to its adop­tion.

At the meeting last night the com­mittee also decided to recommend the appointment of a committee of 15 to make arrangements for the proper observance of Labor day in Butte. This committee will consist of five members of the Trades and Labor assembly, five members of the Butte Central council and five mem­bers of the Building Trades council. —Anaconda Standard.

Trend o r the Lahnr Movement la K v e r I pward .

D i s c u s s i n g the recent address o f S a m u e l ( t a m p e r s at M i n n e a p o l i s , the J o u r n a l o f that c i t y s a i d :

S a m u e l G o m p e r s , pres ident o f the A m e r i c a n F e d e r a t i o n of L a b o r , w a s charmed w i t h his r ecep t ion In M i n n e ­apol is a n d s a i d so to the large aud i ­ence w h i c h greeted h ln i at the n e w A u d i t o r i u m . M i n n e a p o l i s r ec ip roca ted the f e e l i n g . It w a s c h a r m e d w i t h M r . Gompers ' pe rsona l i ty , h is o ra to ry a n d bis f o r c e f u l , f r a n k w a y of p u t t i n g things. M r . G o m p e r s Is an advoca te . B e bel ieves i n his s ide, a n d he s tates the case f o r h i s side w i t h the earnest­ness of counse l .

S t a r t i n g w i t h the p ropos i t ion that this Is an age o f o r g a n i z a t i o n a n d tha t In ge t t ing together the l a l s i r e r s are bu t do ing w h a t they see done a l l about them, M r . G o m p e r s de f ends th.> move­ment as c o n s t r u c t i v e and not des t ruc­tive. H e must pe r fo rce s l ide over a go.hi m a n y ser ious m i s t a k e s In the la­bor movement , but as an advoca te It is not l i l - bus iness to poin t those o u t H i e other aide w i l l a t t end to that .

T h e s t r o n g points of M r . G o m p e r s ' p l e a - a n d there Is uot a m a n l i v i n g who can m a k e them more f o r c i b l y than be—are that the genera l t r end of the labor m o v e m e n t has Iteen u p w a r d . I t has t a k e n Into Its r a n k s the br ightes t and the du l l e s t , the sel t lsh and the un­se l f i sh , the b a d and the good, and has molded them Into a mass w h i c h Is more a n d m o r e g u i d i n g Itself by the G o l d e n H u l e . A s one of the m e n w h o have done m u c h to b r i n g about th is cond i t ion M r . (Jouipera Is d e s e r v i n g o f the highest p ra i se .

M r . G o m p e r s Is one o f those m e n who have ach ieved l eadersh ip In th i s coun t ry o f o p p o r t u n i t y by his o w n ex­ert ions. N o w In m i d d l e l i f e , at the head of an o r g a n i z a t i o n w h i c h is a power , w e l i e l l eve S a m u e l < J u m p e r s has the d i s p o s i t i o n a n d the a b i l i t y to m a k e It a n d keep It a p o w e r f o r good. T h e r ecord o f the A m e r i c a n l ' ede r a t i ou of L a b o r unde r his quu r t e r c en tu ry o f d o m i n a t i o n is good. It has made f e w ser ious m i s t a k e s a n d w e take it tha t Its leader Is not d isposed to spo i l a rec­ord w h i c h has m a d e h i m a t rus ted m a n a m o n g l a b o r men a n d an honored m a n a m o n g e m p l o y e r s .

LABOR IN ENGLAND.

Stop Your Cold Be Vigorous

with a superior bath cabinet one should always be well. By stimu­lating the cirulation and opening the pores, it dissipates all congestions of COLDS, N E U R A L G I A , R H E U ­MATISM and all skin diseases.

Price Complete $5.00

PARCHEN DRUG CO., AND PARCHEN BROS.

T H E EDISON FAMILY T H E A T R E 13-17 South Main Steet

Five Shows Daily Open Year Around Q. W EASTMAN, Manager.

Our Fruit and Vegetable

Prices Are Below

Competition FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

Record of Ihr Past Year Shows De­crease In strikes.

Some In te res t ing f a c t s as to the l i v e s of that sec t ion of w a g e earners In the U n i t e d K i n g d o m p o p u l a r l y k n o w n as the " w o r k i n g c las ses" a re g iven in the a n n u a l abs t r ac t of l a l i o r s ta t i s t ics f o r the last y e a r .lust p u b l i s h e d .

These number , men a n d w o m e n to­gether, ove r T.noo.otHl. O f these ove r 2,0U0,<»oo are e m p l o y e d In a g r i c u l t u r e , a n d of the r e m a i n d e r 1.002,308 are m e m b e r s of the l . K i i ' i t rades un ions .

E m p l o y m e n t so f a r as trades u n i o n s w e r e conce rned w a s not very g i s x l las t yea r . T a k i n g the average , ti i n e v e r y 100 were u n e m p l o y e d throughout the y e a r aga ins t f ive In 1!M« and In 1!»02 a n d three In U K

O f the huge mass o f w o r k m e n who d o not belong to t r ades un ions the re­t u r n does not speak, but the f a c t tha t the u n e m p l o y e d u n i o n i s t s were m o r e In n u m b e r than In nny y e a r s ince l!to4 g i v e s a good Ind ica t ion o f w h a t m u s t h a v e been the c o n d i t i o n s a m o n g those w h o have not had the a d v a n t a g e of a c o m b i n a t i o n to a i d t h e m In o b t a i n i n g e m p l o y m e n t .

T h e n u m b e r of d i s p u t e s r e s u l t i n g In s t r i k e s a g a i n s h o w e d a decrease O n l y 834 were recorded d u r i n g the y e a r a g a i n s t 3S7 In 1003. 442 In 1002 a n d 642 In 1001.

T h e d i spu tes a f f e c t e d o n l y 03,022 w o r k i " • • less t h a n one- th i rd o f the n u m b e r In 1002, a n d they lost a to t a l o f 1.410,205 w o r k i n g d a y s aga ins t near­l y 2,500,000 d a y s In 1003 and 3,500,000 d a y s In 10o2.

Seven teen per cen t o f the d i spu tes ended In f a v o r of the w o r k people a n d 48 pe r cent In f a v o r of the employe r s . T h e r e m a i n d e r were c o m p r o m i s e d .

T h e r e w a s l i t t l e f l u c t u a t i o n In f a v o r o f w a g e s d u r i n g 1004, a n d where there w a s a n y change It w a s cb le i ly on the w r o n g side.

Look F o r the Label . L o o k at the clothes y o u are about to

b u y . I f they have the un ion label , com­ple te y o u r purchase . I f not, let them l ie on the counte r unbought . L e t t i n g t h e m a lone Is y o u r s i lent s t r ike . Y o u c a n exert It aga ins t scores of a r t i c l e s o f w e a r a n d o f household u t i l i t y . M i l ­l i ons o f w o r k i n g people—the t r ade un­ion i s t s and the i r f ami l i e s—can d o the same. T h i s s i len t s t r i k e they can car­ry on a l l the y e a r r o u n d .

T h e beau ty of the s i l en t s t r i k e Is that you lose no t ime, no money, no sleep. Y o u a re g e t t i n g f u l l p a y w h i l e y o u are s t r i k i n g a n d d o i n g e f f ec t ive w o r k . T h e member* o f y o u r f a m i l y Instead o f be­i n g a d r a w b a c k to the success o f th is s t r i ke are a benefit . T h e y c a n help / o n In It by a l w a y s a s k i n g f o r label goods" a n d In u r g i n g the i r f r i e n d s to do the s a m e . - L a b o r C l a r i o n .