monmouth university’s multipurpose activity center west long branch, nj jason jones architectural...

Monmouth University’sMonmouth University’sMultipurpose Activity CenterMultipurpose Activity Center

West Long Branch, NJWest Long Branch, NJ

Jason JonesJason JonesArchitectural EngineeringArchitectural Engineering

Mechanical OptionMechanical OptionPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvania State University

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

Project InformationProject Information Building InformationBuilding Information Existing ConditionsExisting Conditions Redesign GoalsRedesign Goals Mechanical RedesignMechanical Redesign Electrical IntegrationElectrical Integration Acoustical AnalysisAcoustical Analysis Cost AnalysisCost Analysis RecommendationsRecommendations AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements QuestionsQuestions

Jason JonesJason JonesMechanical EmphasisMechanical Emphasis

Penn StatePenn StateSenior ThesisSenior Thesis

Multipurpose Activity CenterMultipurpose Activity CenterSpring 2005Spring 2005

Project InformationProject Information Located in West Long Branch, NJLocated in West Long Branch, NJ University offers 26 degreesUniversity offers 26 degrees 153 acre campus built within a residential community153 acre campus built within a residential community Minutes from the Atlantic OceanMinutes from the Atlantic Ocean 90 minutes to New York and Philadelphia90 minutes to New York and Philadelphia




Project TeamProject Team

Owner: Owner: Monmouth UniversityMonmouth UniversityArchitects and Engineers:Architects and Engineers: Ewing ColeEwing ColeConsulting Architect:Consulting Architect: Rosser InternationalRosser InternationalCivil Engineer:Civil Engineer: William FitzgeraldWilliam FitzgeraldGeotechnical Engineer:Geotechnical Engineer: James Johnson of PMK GroupJames Johnson of PMK GroupLandscape Architect:Landscape Architect: H.M. WhiteH.M. WhiteFood Service Consultant:Food Service Consultant: William Caruso and William Caruso and

AssociatesAssociatesAV/Sound Consultant:AV/Sound Consultant: Pelton Marsh KinsellaPelton Marsh KinsellaContractor: Contractor: To be determinedTo be determined




Building InformationBuilding Information

Estimated Project Cost: $33 millionEstimated Project Cost: $33 million 140,000 square foot addition140,000 square foot addition 3-story activity center3-story activity center




Additional ConstructionAdditional Construction– 20,000 square foot 20,000 square foot

renovationrenovation

Building InformationBuilding Information

SpacesSpaces Indoor TrackIndoor Track Basketball ArenaBasketball Arena Weight Training Center Weight Training Center Student Fitness CenterStudent Fitness Center Locker RoomsLocker Rooms University BookstoreUniversity Bookstore Copy CenterCopy Center Conference RoomsConference Rooms OfficesOffices




Existing ConditionsExisting Conditions

Mechanical Mechanical Air SideAir Side

– ASHRAE Standard 62ASHRAE Standard 62– 11 – Air Handling Units11 – Air Handling Units

Five are VAV systemsFive are VAV systems Six are CAV systemsSix are CAV systems Ranging from 3170 to Ranging from 3170 to

45,000 cfm45,000 cfm Ventilation air ranging from Ventilation air ranging from

21% to 100%21% to 100% Water SideWater Side

– 2 – 450 Ton Centrifugal 2 – 450 Ton Centrifugal ChillersChillers

– 2 – 1350 gpm Cooling Towers 2 – 1350 gpm Cooling Towers – 3 – 200 HP Boilers3 – 200 HP Boilers




Major ProblemMajor Problem Existing power lines can Existing power lines can

not meet the addition of not meet the addition of the MAC Buildingthe MAC Building

Minor ProblemMinor Problem Mechanical equipment Mechanical equipment

run at part load run at part load conditions for large parts conditions for large parts of the yearof the year

Redesign GoalsRedesign Goals

Primary Redesign GoalPrimary Redesign Goal Permit the MAC building to be built under the existing power Permit the MAC building to be built under the existing power

constraintsconstraints

Secondary Redesign GoalsSecondary Redesign Goals Reduce the fossil fuel usageReduce the fossil fuel usage Decrease emissions from the buildingDecrease emissions from the building Increase systems efficiencyIncrease systems efficiency Decrease annual operating costDecrease annual operating cost Lower life cycle costLower life cycle cost Short payback periodShort payback period Educate myself in a topic that can be used for future design Educate myself in a topic that can be used for future design

projectsprojects




Combined Heat and PowerCombined Heat and Power

Conventional SystemConventional System




CogenerationCogeneration

Mechanical RedesignMechanical Redesign




Mechanical Equipment AdditionsMechanical Equipment Additions Hess Micro-generatorsHess Micro-generators Cention Absorption ChillerCention Absorption Chiller Stratified Thermal Stratified Thermal

Storage TankStorage Tank Heat ExchangerHeat Exchanger Enthalpy WheelsEnthalpy Wheels BoilerBoiler

CHP Hot Water Flow Diagram

Mechanical EquipmentMechanical Equipment

Mechanical System Components

Electrical Heating Chilled Water Thermal Storage Air Side

Conventional Utility Service Boiler2 - 450 ton Centrifugal

ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX + Boiler

1 - 465 ton Absorption Chiller

330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess



1 - 210 ton Centrifugal Chiller

330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank

2 - 45000 cfm Enthalpy Wheels

System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank





ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess




330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank


System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank





ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess




330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank


System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank








ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess




330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank


System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank





ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess




330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank


System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank





ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess




330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank


System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank





ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess




330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank


System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank





ChillersNone None

CHP

System 13 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 22 - Hess



330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 32 - Hess




330,000 Gallon Tank

None

System 43 - Hess

Micro-generatorsHX


198,000 Gallon Tank


System 52 - Hess



198,000 Gallon Tank


System 62 - Hess




198,000 Gallon Tank


Fossil Fuel SavingsFossil Fuel Savings




Btu of Fuel Used per kWh Useful Energy

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Btu

/kW

h

100%

82.8% 72.4% 72.4%

90.8%

79.2% 78.9%

Fossil Fuel EfficiencyFossil Fuel Efficiency




Total System Efficiency

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

Conventional System 1 System 2 System 3 System 4 System 5 System 6

EmissionsEmissionsSOx per MWh

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1,000.00

1,200.00

1,400.00

1,600.00

1,800.00

2,000.00

SO

x (l

bm

/103

)

NOx per MWh

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1,000.00

1,200.00

NO

x (l

bm

/103

)

Particulates per MWh

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

120.00

140.00

160.00

180.00

Par

ticu

late

s (l

bm

/10

3 )




CO2 per MWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

CO

2 (l

bm)

EmissionsEmissions




Total Emmissions Produced per Year

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Particulates lbm

SO2 lbm

NOx lbm

CO2 lbm(10 3̂)

Electrical IntegrationElectrical Integration




General Electrical Integration Schematic

Acoustical AnalysisAcoustical Analysis




Plan View of Generator

Elevation of Generator

Acoustical AnalysisAcoustical Analysis




Octave Bands

Without Sound Attenuation Sound Attenuation

Behind the Barrier

Insertion Loss

Without Sound Attenuation Sound Attenuation

Micro-generator

LP (dB)A-weighted

levels

Micro-generator

LP (dB)

A-weighting

levels

LP (dB) with

BarrierA-weighted

levels

LP (dB) with

Barrier

A-weighting

levels

125 72 55.9 66 49.9 15 57 41 51 35

250 72 63.4 66 57.4 18 54 46 48 40

500 72 68.8 66 62.8 20 52 49 46 43

1000 77 77 67 67 20 57 57 47 47

2000 74 75.2 64 65.2 20 54 55 44 45

4000 67 68 57 58 20 47 48 37 38

Combined A-weighted

Level =80 dB 71 dB

60 dB 51 dB

First Cost AnalysisFirst Cost Analysis





Conventional

Combined Heat and Power

System 1 System 2 System 3 System 4 System 5 System 6

Generator$54,989 $1,350,000 $900,000 $900,000 $1,350,000 $900,000 $900,000

Heating$276,639 $129,015 $129,015 $129,015 $36,802 $129,015 $129,015

Chillers$327,523 $259,974 $259,974 $300,081 $209,979 $209,979 $233,004

Thermal Storage$0 $330,000 $330,000 $330,000 $198,000 $198,000 $198,000

Air Side$0 $0 $0 $0 $56,400 $56,400 $56,400

Financial Incentives$0 $0 ($750,000) ($750,000) $0 $0 $0

Initial First Cost$659,151 $2,068,989 $868,989 $909,096 $1,851,181 $1,493,394 $1,516,419

Simple PaybackSimple Payback






First Cost Increase

$1,409,838 $209,838 $249,945 $1,192,030 $834,243 $857,269

Operating Cost Increase

($146,772) ($118,757) ($131,071) ($150,687) ($137,460) ($139,677)

Simple Payback(years)

9.61 1.77 1.91 7.91 6.07 6.14

Life Cycle SavingsLife Cycle SavingsDesign Conventional



Present Value Life Cycle Cost

for 15 years$4,009,662 $4,058,543 $3,106,007 $3,036,918 $3,805,387 $3,562,598 $3,566,067

Savings Compared to Conventional

System$0 ($48,881) $903,655 $972,744 $204,275 $447,064 $443,596




($2,000,000)

($1,500,000)

($1,000,000)

($500,000)

$0

$500,000

$1,000,000

$1,500,000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Years

Cum

mul

ativ

e LC

S

System 1

System 2 **

System 3 *

System 4

System 5

System 6

* Life-Cycle Cost Choice** Simple Payback Choice

RecommendationsRecommendationsEach system met the initial redesigned Each system met the initial redesigned

goalsgoals

Combined Heat and Power System 3Combined Heat and Power System 3 MAC building can be built MAC building can be built Lowers annual operating costLowers annual operating cost Least fuel used per unit of energy provided Least fuel used per unit of energy provided Highest overall efficiencyHighest overall efficiency Lowest Emissions Per YearLowest Emissions Per Year Short Payback PeriodShort Payback Period Highest Life Cycle SavingsHighest Life Cycle Savings Ability for maintenanceAbility for maintenance




AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Penn State AE Faculty and StaffPenn State AE Faculty and Staff Thesis Advisors: Dr. Freihaut and Thesis Advisors: Dr. Freihaut and

JimJim FamilyFamily AE Class of 2005AE Class of 2005 FriendsFriends EwingColeEwingCole




QuestionsQuestions




Questions are good,

Answers may vary

Existing ConditionsExisting ConditionsElectricalElectrical Campus Distribution: 13.2 kVCampus Distribution: 13.2 kV Main Terminal Bus: 4000 amp, Main Terminal Bus: 4000 amp,

480/277V, 3-phase480/277V, 3-phase Transformers: Step voltage Transformers: Step voltage

down from 480V to 208/120Vdown from 480V to 208/120V Panelboards: Range from 100 Panelboards: Range from 100

amps to 800 ampsamps to 800 amps Emergency Generator: 275 kW, Emergency Generator: 275 kW,

480/277V, 3-phase480/277V, 3-phase

LightingLighting Recessed Fluorescent LightsRecessed Fluorescent Lights Compact Fluorescent LightsCompact Fluorescent Lights Gym: High bay metal halide Gym: High bay metal halide

lightslights




StructuralStructural Three story: Steel FrameThree story: Steel Frame Slab on Grade: Reinforced 5 Slab on Grade: Reinforced 5

inch concreteinch concrete Floors: Metal deck with 4 ½ Floors: Metal deck with 4 ½

inch concreteinch concrete Roof: 1 ½ inch galvanized Roof: 1 ½ inch galvanized

metal deckmetal deck

Fire ProtectionFire Protection Wet sprinkler systemWet sprinkler system Six zones: Ranging from Six zones: Ranging from

17,000 to 31,000 square feet17,000 to 31,000 square feet Provides 0.10 to 0.20 gallons Provides 0.10 to 0.20 gallons

per square footper square foot

Hess Micro-GeneratorsHess Micro-GeneratorsGeneratorGenerator 375 kW, 277/480V, 60 375 kW, 277/480V, 60

Hz, 3 PhaseHz, 3 Phase Natural GasNatural Gas 50.6% Thermal Efficiency50.6% Thermal Efficiency 34.5% Electrical 34.5% Electrical

EfficiencyEfficiency 1,937,658 Btu Recovered 1,937,658 Btu Recovered

Thermal OutputThermal Output Hot WaterHot Water

– Minimum Flow: 184 gpmMinimum Flow: 184 gpm– Maximum Temperature: Maximum Temperature:

205 F205 F Parallel with UtilityParallel with Utility




Stratified Thermal Storage TankStratified Thermal Storage TankSensible Storage TankSensible Storage Tank Load Leveling MethodLoad Leveling Method Stratified TankStratified Tank

– Dense cold water on the Dense cold water on the bottombottom

– Less dense warm water Less dense warm water on the topon the top




Load Profile for Design Day

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Hour

Tons

WithoutThermalStorage

WithThermalStorage

Discharge Thermal Storage

Charge Thermal Storage

Stratified Thermal Storage TankStratified Thermal Storage Tank




Enthalpy WheelsEnthalpy Wheels




Peak Cooling Peak Heating

Tons MBH

Without Enthalpy Wheel 790.5 4486.9

With Enthalpy Wheel 519.7 1581.2

IncentivesIncentivesLocation Monmouth County, New Jersey

Electric $0.0834 $/kWh

Natural Gas $7.95 $/MMBtu

Electric $24.44 $/MMBTU

Natural Gas $7.95 $/MMBTU

Spark Gap $16.49 $/MMBTU




First Cost Incentives

Eligible Technology

Incentive ($/Watt) (Up to 1

MW)

Maximum % of

Project Cost

Minimum System

Size

Level 1

$2.50 40% None -Fuel cells operating on non-renewable Fuel

Level 2

$1.00 30%(1) None

-Microturbines

-Internal Combustion Engines

-Gas Turbines

Level 3

$0.50 30% None -Heat Recovery of Other Mechanical Recovery from Existing Equipment Utilizing New Elecrtic Generation Equipment

Reduced Fuel Cost from Tax Breaks

monmouth university’s multipurpose activity center west long branch, nj jason jones architectural...

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