monitoring redd+ landscapes
DESCRIPTION
This presentation by Martin Herold from Wageningen University explains how entire REDD+ landscapes can successfully be monitored.TRANSCRIPT
Martin Herold
Wageningen University
UNFCCC COP 19, WarsawGLF, 17. Nov. 2013
Monitoring REDD+ landscapes
http://www.gofcgold.wur.nl/redd
A sourcebook of methods and procedures for monitoring and reporting anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and removals caused by deforestation,
gains and losses of carbon stocks in forests remaining forests, and forestation
Latest version published for COP-19 in Warsaw
GOFC-GOLD REDD+ Sourcebook
Training material for REDD+ monitoring and reporting
REDD+ background and design
1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines M. Herold, E. Romijn, B. Mora
2 Framework for building national forest monitoring systems for REDD+E. Romijn, M. Herold, B. Mora
3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradation E. Romijn, M. Herold
REDD+ measuring
and monitoring
4 Monitoring activity data for forests using remote sensing J. Miettinen, A. Langner, F. Achard, B. Mora
5 Monitoring activity data for forests remaining forests (incl. forest degr.) C. Souza, S. Brown, J. Miettinen, F. Achard
6 Estimating emission factors for forest cover change (def. and degr.) S. Brown & N. Harris
7 Approaches to community/local expert forest monitoring M. Skutsch
8 Estimation of carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degr. N. Harris & S. Brown
9 Estimation of GHG emissions from biomass burning L. Boschetti
10 Estimation of uncertainties G. Grassi, S. Monni, A. Langner, F. Achard, M. Herold
11 Overview and status of evolving technologies B. Mora, E. Romijn
REDD+ assessment
and reporting
12 Data and guidance on developing REDD+ reference levels M. Herold, E. Romijn, S. Brown
13 Guidance on reporting using IPCC Guidelines and Guidance G. Grassi
14 Reporting interim REDD+ performance M. Herold, E. Romijn
REDD+ entering phase 2
Proposals made to Worldbank Carbon fund
Payment based on performance
Country ER-Program Area (all drafts)
1 Costa Rica Whole country 2 DRC Several districts3 Republic of Congo Two departments
4 Mexico Several states
5 Vietnam Several provinces6 Indonesia Two districts 7 Ethiopia One State8 Ghana Two zones9 Chile To be determined10 Nepal Several districts
Proximate drivers of deforestation
http://www.decc.gov.uk/assets/decc/11/tackling-climate-change/international-climate-change/6316-drivers-deforestation-report.pdf
Hosonuma et al 2012, ERL
SBSTA guidance on drivers of DD
Noting the complexity of the problem, different national circumstances and multiple drivers
Countries to address drivers when developing and implementing their national strategies
Participation of relevant stakeholders
Importance of cross-sector coordination
International cooperation can contribute
Encourage parties, organizations and the private sector to reduce the drivers
Noting that livelihoods may dependent drivers; implications for economic costs & domestic resources
Interlinking drivers, interventions and monitoring
Salvini et al. in review, ERL
Based on assessment of 43 REDD+ countries in 98 readiness documents
Links to performance & benefit sharing
Many REDD+ interventions are outside forests and cannot be traced to specific forest areas:
REDD+ monitoring of activities
National forest-related (GHG) impact to be assessed
Sub-national/local REDD+ performance maybe hard to link to carbon-related compensation:
Input-based benefit distribution systems based on stakeholder participation in REDD+ activities?
http://redd.ciga.unam.mx/images/InfoBrief2.pdf
Objectives for REDD+ monitoring
Besides meeting international reporting needs (IPCC GPG) - REDD+ national monitoring objectives:
●Underpin and stimulate strategies and priorities for REDD+ implementation
●Track performance of REDD+ activities and their impacts (carbon & non-carbon)
●Support the generation and sharing of benefits
SBSTA guidance on drivers: multi-sector, stakeholders, livelihoods, ...:
●REDD+ performance in landscape context
Simplicity versus complexity
Landscape objectivesand examples of measures
• Easy to understand
• Apply to any scale
• Apply to any location
• Measurable
• Sustainability can mean improvement over time
Courtesy of P. Holmgren
Global forest cover gains/losses 2000-12
http://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/science-2013-global-forest
Hansen et al., 2013. Science , 342
Definitions & accounting of forest changes
Kurz et al., 2008, PNAS
Conclusions
Landscape thinking inherent to REDD+National REDD+ monitoring goes beyond
forests:●Drivers and interventions●Carbon and non-carbon impacts●Benefit sharing
Monitoring REDD+ landscapes:●Need for simple, measureable indicators
REDD+ moving to phase 2