Mongolian Land Cover Change: Forest and Non

Forest

2019.11.30

Student:Undrakh Bayarsaikhan /201826042/Master’s Program in Environmental SciencesSupervisor: Prof. Kenlo Nishida Nasahara

Contents

1. Introduction Importance of Forest Mongolian Forest Forest Mapping

2. Methodology Study area Methodology

3. Results

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Khuvsgul province. Photo by T.Gantulga

Importance of the forestEcological value

– Store large amounts of carbon and methane in both the plants and soils

– Help to increase water availability– Prevent from soil erosion

– Preservation of permafrost

– Softening the hard climate conditions

– Creating of suitable conditions for growth of flora, fauna and micro organisms

– Restricting of eternal frost 3

Ecological value- Source of fuelwood, timber, nuts, berries and honey

- Contribute to the livelihoods of rural people in diverse ways

Forest map of Mongolia Forest distribution and tree types

Source: www.eic.mn

1981 inventory data

Source: www.eic.mn

Forest map of Mongolia -Landsat 2009

Source: www.eic.mn

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18291.8 thousand ha ≈11%

Mongolian forests contain about 140 species of trees, shrubs andwoody plants, of which coniferous and non- coniferous forestcover 84.0 percent, and Saxaul /Haloxylon ammodendro/ forest16.0 percent.

Mongolian forest

Source: http://reddplus.mnSource:https://bigmongoliatravel.com/when-to-travel-to-mongolia/

The forest resource structure of Mongolia (per ha)

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Source: Report on national forest and water policy of Mongolia

Faced problem

Deteriorating the quality

Decreasing forest resources

Anthropological activities

Forest fire

Insects

Use of pasture without any control

Mining

Timber cutting without management plan

Illegal cutting of trees for construction and fuel wood

Haying graces in areas, close to forest areas8

The major causes for forestdegradation and deforestation

Study area

41°35' to 50°09' northlatitude and 87°44' eastlongitude to 119°56' westlongitude.Total area is 1565000 km2.

The northern part of the country is covered by forested mountain ranges.The southern part encompasses desert, desert-steppe and steppe areas with lowmountain and rolling hills characterized by sparse vegetation cover. The westernpart is made up of a cradle of snow-capped high mountains and glaciers, and theeastern part consists of an area of vast plains and wild heaths.

Study objectives

To detect and assess the changing of forest cover in Mongolia,

To manage actual information about forestry,

To analyze the reasons,

To propose the necessary forest management based on creating

FNF map.

Forest mapping

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To provide a static depiction of land cover

To determine spatial and temporal dynamics of forest ecosystems

Essential for all kind of land use planning and forest management

To assess and monitor future change /loss or gain / of forest cover

To illustrate the classification of the forest/non-forest cover

PALSAR-2, MODIS

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ALOS-2 PALSAR2 (50 m) Landsat (30 m) MODIS NDVI (250 m)

- Cloud-free and day and night observations, andforest cover penetration.

- The global forest/non-forest map (FNF) isgenerated by classifying the backscatteringintensity values in the global 25 m resolution.

- Landsat imagery typically used to distinguish between forest and non-forest land cover

- To monitor land-use changes and to detect changes over large areas

Mongolian Land Cover Change 2000-2015

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METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY – REFERENCE DATA

Teach the computer how to classify imagesTo prepare Visual interpretation /prepare data from high resolution satellite images/ Field survey /take photos/

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

1.http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/faw2002/17%20D.%20Munkhzorig%20(Mongolia).pdf?fbclid=IwAR1O45vy2DbtGRbt_7qbuXy5iU3kzOE3YqdYomGFA0G_yCUym3OC9dGA9h42.http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/faw2002/17%20D.%20Munkhzorig%20(Mongolia).pdf?fbclid=IwAR1O45vy2DbtGRbt_7qbuXy5iU3kzOE3YqdYomGFA0G_yCUym3OC9dGA9h43.http://gfmc.online/wp-content/uploads/15-IFFN-36-Mongolia-1-1.pdf?fbclid=IwAR3a_ZHWKQYwagoDOtpae3y45Qt2Kvx6mdGZ2H9m_7HlIAl1iLsu8rOCh484. http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/forest_ecosystems_in_mn__march04.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1L8wrMmEeIuIoVLS-cfbxJctYUj9j4U4wJ59p9qZXQoGzaROdFGtvjcmo5.http://www.fao.org/3/w8302e/w8302e05.htm#TopOfPage

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References