Monday October 20Monday October 20AGENDA:AGENDA:Vocab Test!!!Vocab Test!!!Introduction to Shakespeare/PlaysIntroduction to Shakespeare/Plays

BY THE END OF CLASS, YOU WILL BY THE END OF CLASS, YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:BE ABLE TO:Define common ACT prefixes, suffixes, and Define common ACT prefixes, suffixes, and root wordsroot wordsDefine common terminology of playsDefine common terminology of plays

Vocab TestVocab Test10 prefixes, 10 suffixes, 10 roots10 prefixes, 10 suffixes, 10 roots30 words, 30 definitions30 words, 30 definitionsAll choices are used onceAll choices are used once

Process of elimination!!!Process of elimination!!!L and N are interchangeableL and N are interchangeable

If you can’t remember the definition, If you can’t remember the definition, think of an example wordthink of an example word

No talking, talking is cheating, No talking, talking is cheating, cheating is a zero out of 60!!!cheating is a zero out of 60!!!

William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare

1564-16161564-1616

Stratford-on-AvonStratford-on-Avon

EnglandEngland

Shakespeare's birth Shakespeare's birth place.place.

Stratford - on - AvonStratford - on - Avon

Facts About Shakespeare!Facts About Shakespeare!

William was born on April 23,1564.William was born on April 23,1564. In 1582, he had married and was In 1582, he had married and was

living in London. living in London. By 1594 he had a reputation of By 1594 he had a reputation of

being an actor, had written many being an actor, had written many plays, and became principal plays, and became principal playwright of Lord Chamberlain’s playwright of Lord Chamberlain’s men.men.

1599, They built the globe theater.1599, They built the globe theater. 1603, he took control over Lord 1603, he took control over Lord

Chamberlain’s Men.Chamberlain’s Men.

More backgroundMore background

In 1610, Shakespeare retired In 1610, Shakespeare retired and invested in grain and and invested in grain and farmland. farmland.

On April 23,1616, Shakespeare On April 23,1616, Shakespeare died, on his 52died, on his 52ndnd birthday. birthday.

William was regarded as the William was regarded as the greatest author in the English greatest author in the English Language. 400 years after his Language. 400 years after his death.death.

History of England History of England

Queen Elizabeth (daughter of Henry Queen Elizabeth (daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn) and King James VIII and Anne Boleyn) and King James were fans of Shakespearewere fans of Shakespeare

The Renaissance is credited to these The Renaissance is credited to these two monarchs who loved the theater.two monarchs who loved the theater.

This was a time of bubonic plague—This was a time of bubonic plague—killed thousands and thousands of killed thousands and thousands of people in Englandpeople in England

The Globe Theater The Globe Theater

Top view of Shakespeare's Globe Theater

Entrance of The Globe Theater

Original Theaters

Globe Theater HistoryGlobe Theater History

Built is 1599 from used wood from England’s first Built is 1599 from used wood from England’s first theather, The Theatertheather, The Theater

Burned to ground in 1613 after cannon caught Burned to ground in 1613 after cannon caught thatch roof on firethatch roof on fire

A flag was hoisted over the theater to signify a playA flag was hoisted over the theater to signify a play Octagonal in shape; held 1600-2000 peopleOctagonal in shape; held 1600-2000 people Had three levels/galleries- status dependent upon Had three levels/galleries- status dependent upon

where you sat in the theaterwhere you sat in the theater Lighting was only from open center in roof, so Lighting was only from open center in roof, so

plays only took place in afternoonsplays only took place in afternoons Elaborate costumesElaborate costumes

New Globe TheatersNew Globe Theaters

Re built Globe Theater in Thames English. Built on September 19, 1999.

Shakespeare’s plays are still done in Shakespeare’s plays are still done in globe theaters around the world.globe theaters around the world.

PlaysPlays

Typically lasted 2 ½- 3 hours in Typically lasted 2 ½- 3 hours in lengthlength

No “Acts” but frequent intermissionsNo “Acts” but frequent intermissionsNo scenery or elaborate propsNo scenery or elaborate propsNo actresses, young boys played the No actresses, young boys played the

female rolesfemale rolesLots of language usage: puns, asides, Lots of language usage: puns, asides,

soliloquiessoliloquies

Shakespeare Wrote 37 Plays:Shakespeare Wrote 37 Plays:

Comedies:Comedies:Tragedies:Tragedies:Historicals:Historicals:Sonnets:Sonnets:

ComediesComedies

Although these plays did not always Although these plays did not always end up funny, each character usually end up funny, each character usually got what they deserved, which the got what they deserved, which the audience enjoyed. audience enjoyed.

These plays contained a lot of These plays contained a lot of dramatic and verbal irony dramatic and verbal irony throughout.throughout.

Most famous are “Midsummer Most famous are “Midsummer Night’s Dream,” “Twelfth Night”Night’s Dream,” “Twelfth Night”

Tragedies:Tragedies:

These plays are some of the most famous: These plays are some of the most famous: Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, Julius Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, Julius Caesar.Caesar.

A tragedy will have a tragic hero (or A tragedy will have a tragic hero (or heroine) who has a tragic flaw that leads heroine) who has a tragic flaw that leads to their death.to their death.

Do not have a happy ending.Do not have a happy ending. Most famous “Romeo and Juliet,” Most famous “Romeo and Juliet,”

“Hamlet,” and “Julius Caesar” “Hamlet,” and “Julius Caesar”

Historical PlaysHistorical Plays

Usually dealt with nobility and were Usually dealt with nobility and were based on actual historical events.based on actual historical events.

Dramatic Terms to KnowDramatic Terms to Know

PunsPunsAsidesAsidesComic ReliefComic ReliefStage directionsStage directionsProloguePrologueSoliloquySoliloquyMonologueMonologue

PunsPuns

The humorous use of a word in a way The humorous use of a word in a way that suggests two or more that suggests two or more interpretationsinterpretations

The audience loved dirty jokes, so The audience loved dirty jokes, so often times, these puns are vulgar in often times, these puns are vulgar in meaningmeaning

AsideAside

Words spoken by an actor directly to Words spoken by an actor directly to the audience, which are not "heard" the audience, which are not "heard" by the other characters on stage by the other characters on stage during a play.during a play.

Comic ReliefComic Relief

A comic scene to interrupt dramatic A comic scene to interrupt dramatic momentsmoments

Often portrayed with a “clown”Often portrayed with a “clown” In Romeo and Juliet, servants/nurses In Romeo and Juliet, servants/nurses

all do the comic reliefall do the comic relief

Stage DirectionsStage Directions

Directions that explain what the Directions that explain what the actor should do as he/she speaks the actor should do as he/she speaks the lineslines

In italics intermixed with the dialogueIn italics intermixed with the dialogue

ProloguePrologue

Prologue- an introductory speech Prologue- an introductory speech that an actor will give before the that an actor will give before the play, typically explains what will play, typically explains what will happen in the play. happen in the play.

Soliloquy/MonologueSoliloquy/Monologue

These are often confusedThese are often confusedSoliloquy- Speech meant to be heard Soliloquy- Speech meant to be heard

by audience, but not by other by audience, but not by other characters, represents “thinking characters, represents “thinking aloud” of characters.aloud” of characters.

Monologue- A speech by a single Monologue- A speech by a single character, usually onstage alone. character, usually onstage alone.

ClarificationsClarificationsAside: Words spoken by an actor directly Aside: Words spoken by an actor directly

to the audience, which are not "heard" by to the audience, which are not "heard" by the other characters on stage during a the other characters on stage during a play.play.

Soliloquy: Speech meant to be heard by Soliloquy: Speech meant to be heard by audience, but not by other characters, audience, but not by other characters, represents “thinking aloud” of represents “thinking aloud” of characters.characters.

Monologue: A speech by a single Monologue: A speech by a single character, usually onstage alone character, usually onstage alone

How To Read ShakespeareHow To Read Shakespeare

Iambic meter- each unstressed Iambic meter- each unstressed syllable is followed by an stressed syllable is followed by an stressed

Ex: prefer, reviewEx: prefer, review Iambic pentameter- five meters per Iambic pentameter- five meters per

linelineEx: “But soft, what light through Ex: “But soft, what light through

yonder window breaks?” –R & Jyonder window breaks?” –R & J

How to Read Shakespeare How to Read Shakespeare Cont.Cont.

End-stopped line: punctuation at its End-stopped line: punctuation at its endend

Run-on line: no punctuation at its Run-on line: no punctuation at its endend

Practice page 895 in bookPractice page 895 in bookPrologue- page 901- find 5 examples Prologue- page 901- find 5 examples

of iambic pentameter as we readof iambic pentameter as we read

Why Shakespeare?Why Shakespeare?

His plays are still very popularHis plays are still very popularHis characters seem like real peopleHis characters seem like real peopleHe understood human psychology He understood human psychology

and could relate to people’s feelings.and could relate to people’s feelings.He explores human nature—shows He explores human nature—shows

us love, jealousy, hateus love, jealousy, hateHe examines problems of lifeHe examines problems of life

TodayToday

You can still see Shakespeare’s plays You can still see Shakespeare’s plays live all over the world. live all over the world.

Shakespeare plays have mostly been Shakespeare plays have mostly been turned into films.turned into films.

Can read about Shakespeare—nearly Can read about Shakespeare—nearly every high school student will be every high school student will be exposed to Shakespearean plays exposed to Shakespearean plays throughout their high school throughout their high school education.education.

Tragic HeroTragic Hero

Often someone of noble birthOften someone of noble birth Hero is faced with a serious decisionHero is faced with a serious decision Own actions lead to downfallOwn actions lead to downfall Audience usually pities the heroAudience usually pities the hero Fate plays a role since typically hero has a Fate plays a role since typically hero has a

“chance” to fix mistake“chance” to fix mistake Will have a tragic flawWill have a tragic flaw Almost always maleAlmost always male ALWAYS dies, but death will have meaningALWAYS dies, but death will have meaning

Shakespeare vs. Greek Shakespeare vs. Greek DramaDrama

For HW, make a T chart comparing For HW, make a T chart comparing and constrasting:and constrasting:

Greek drama to Shakespearean Greek drama to Shakespearean dramadrama

Greek tragic hero to Shakespearean Greek tragic hero to Shakespearean tragic herotragic hero