mohsin rao projct.doc

8/18/2019 Mohsin RaO Projct.doc

1/16

IMAPCT OF LOAD SHEDDING ON PAKISTAN ECONOMY

DEDICATION

Dedicated to MY Beloved Parents

&Respected Teachers who are

the Nation Builders

1 | P a g e


2/16


E!ecutive "u##ar$

Purpose of this proe!t is to stu"# that $hi!h t#pe of pro%&e's $e fa!e "uri(g these #ears "ue

to e(erg# !rises) Pa*ista( is fa!e "iffere(t t#pes of pro%&e's %ut the e(erg# !rises is o(e of the 'ost

i'porta(t pro%&e') E(erg# pro%&e' is o( priorit# that ho$ to so&+e or get out of this pro%&e')

I( this resear!h $e tr# to see the %a!*grou("s of the e(erg# !rises) $e !a( see that ho$ e(erg#

$i&& affe!t a(" "estro# the e!o(o'# of Pa*ista( a(" ho$ he is affe!t the &ife of a stu"e(t, %usi(ess

'a(, e'p&o#ee et!) $e a&so see that $h# $e (ot ha("&e the positio( fro' &ast -,. #ears) /e a&so

"is!uss the so&utio(s a(" re!o''e("atio(s regar"i(g e(erg# !risis that $e o+er!o'e the situatio()E+er# perso( is i( te(sio( "ue to e(erg# !rises) O+er go+er('e(t ha+e ta*e( so'e serious step

regar"i(g &oa" she""i(g) Through this resear!h 'a# %e $e !a( he&p o+er peop&e %e!ause i( this

resear!h $e a&so !o(!er( $ith ge(era& pu%&i! ,e0perts, %usi(ess'a( a(" ta*e so&utio( fro' there site)

TIT%E PAE | P a g e


3/16


Ta%&e of Co(te(ts2

1) INT3OD4CTION)

• /hat is &oa" she""i(g5

• Ho$ &oa" she""i(g is O!!urs5

• Causes of &oa" she""i(g

) 6ACK G3O4ND OF ST4DY

7) THEO3ATICAL F3AME /O3K

• Depe("e(t +aria%&e

• I("epe("e(t +aria%&e

• Mo"erati(g +aria%&e

8) DATA COLLECTION)

• 9uestio((aire

• I(ter+ie$s

• I(ter(et

• Arti!&es

:) HO/ TO O;E3COME THE P3O6LEM

• Te!h(i!a&

• Po&iti!a&

• 4ti&i) 94ESTIONAI3E

INTROD'CTION

7 | P a g e


4/16


I( to"a#?s !o(te'porar# $or&", there are !ertai( threats that ha+e %e!o'e the 'ost sig(ifi!a(tissues for the $or&" e!o(o'# to "ea& $ith) These i(!&u"e a( e+er i(!reasi(g popu&atio(, i(te(sif#i(gregio(a& !o(f&i!ts a(" the 'ost se+ere threats of a&&@ the "ep&eti(g po$er a(" e(erg# reser+es)E&e!tri!it# shortage a(" &oa" she""i(g is a phe(o'e(a that is (ot (e$ to Pa*ista()

()AT I" %OAD ")EDDIN*

Loa" she" happe(s "ue to ge(erator o+er &oa") It happe(s "uri(g 1 or 'ore e(gi(e trips as aresu&t &oa" she""i(g a!ti+ate" for the reaso( that the re'ai(i(g ge(eratore(gi(es $i&& suffer u("er freBue(!# a(" o+er +o&tage) /he( the go+er('e(t stops pa#i(g 'o(e# to the ge(eratio( !o'pa(ies,i( the re+e(ge the# start &oa" she""i(g) E&e!tri!it# to its !usto'ers) This a!t is !a&&e" &oa" she""i(g)

)O( %OAD ")EDDIN I" OCC'R"*

Loa" she""i(g !a( a&so %e referre" to as De'a(" Si"e Ma(age'e(t or Loa" Ma(age'e(tDe'a(" Co(tro&&er "e+i!es are use" to she" &oa"s $he( a preset K/ rea"i(g has %ee( rea!he") These"e+i!es are tie" i( to !ir!uits suppi(g e&e!tri! heat, sto+es, "r#ers, a(" hot tu%sa(#thi(g that te("s

to use a &ot of po$er) /he( set proper, De'a(" Co(tro&&ers !a( %e +er# effe!ti+e at re"u!i(g #our e(erg# %i&&) This Buestio( 'a# %e referri(g to the *i(" of &oa" she""i(g $hi!h ofte( o!!urs i( p&a!es$here the tota& e&e!tri!a& po$er &oa" $hi!h !a( %e ta*e( %# !o(su'ers great e0!ee"s the a+ai&a%&ea'ou(t of e(erg# $hi!h !a( %e ge(erate" %# the &o!a& po$er statio( or (atio(a& (et$or* of po$er statio(s) This is a situatio( $hi!h is !o''o( i( 'a(# "e+e&opi(g !ou(tries)

As soo( as tota& po$er "e'a("e" e0!ee"s a !ertai( per!e(tage usua& >= of the'a0i'u' possi%&e po$er that !a( %e ge(erate", parts of the "istri%utio( (et$or* ha+e to %e"is!o((e!te") Su!h "is!o((e!tio(s are *(o$( as &oa" she""i(g) If &oa" she""i(g $as (ot "o(e thege(erati(g eBuip'e(ts o+er&oa" %rea*ers $ou&" auto'ati!a& shut "o$( the $ho&e po$er statio( to

prote!t its a&ter(ators e&e!tri!a& ge(erators fro' +er# se+ere "a'age) Su!h "a'age $ou&" %e

e0tre'e e0pe(si+e to repair a(" $ou&" ta*e a &ot of ti'e to "o) So i( pra!ti!e, to *eep the po$er statio(s ru((i(g 8. u("er su!h !o("itio(s, &oa" she""i(g is app&ie" to "iffere(t parts of the"istri%utio( (et$or* at +arious set ti'es throughout a regu&ar po$er a+ai&a%i&it# perio" of, usua& a$ee*)

For e0a'p&e, parts of the (et$or* suppi(g ho'es a(" s'a&& %usi(ess offi!es 'a# o( get po$er for t$o or three hours at a ti'e e+er# "a# or e+er# other "a#, $hi&st i'porta(t p&a!es su!h ashospita&s, 'aor fa!tories a(", t#pi!a&, go+er('e(t offi!es 'a# get po$er a&'ost 8.) Loa"she""i(g, (or'a& use" i( i("ustria&, &arge !o''er!ia&, a(" uti&it# operatio(s, is 'o(itori(g e&e!tri!usage !o(ti(uous usua& %# auto'ate" i(stru'e(tatio( a(" shutti(g "o$( !ertai( prearra(ge"e&e!tri! &oa"s or "e+i!es if a !ertai( upper thresho&" of e&e!tri! usage is approa!he" there are t$oreaso(s for "oi(g it, %oth of the' fi(a(!ia& 'oti+ate") Po$er !o'pa(ies so'eti'es set up a(

I("ustria& !usto'er or a s!hoo& $ith a( e&e!tri! %i&&i(g rate i( steps, i)e) if #ou are pu&&i(g &ess tha( thisa'ou(t of e&e!tri! !urre(t "uri(g !ertai( ti'es #ou gets %i&&e" at o(e rate for the e&e!tri!it# #ou use)

If #ou are pu&&i(g MO3E tha( this a'ou(t of e&e!tri! !urre(t "uri(g that ti'e, #ou get %i&&e" ata higher rate, e+e( if #ou use the sa'e a'ou(t of e&e!tri!it# o+era&&) The highest !urre(t #ou "ra$"uri(g the ti'e perio" i( Buestio( is #our pea* "e'a(")

8 | P a g e


5/16


The po$er !o'pa(# has to ha+e ge(erati(g !apa!ities %ui&t a(" i( p&a!e to ge(erate the su' of a&& of the pea* "e'a("sJ of its !usto'ers "uri(g the highest pea* "e'a(" perio") Sa# that perio" is1 a' to 1 a' "uri(g $ee*"a#s)

If the highest pea* "e'a(" e0!ee"s the !apa!it# of the po$er !o'pa(# to ge(erate, the# either ha+e to %ui&" a(other po$er statio( to !o+er that hour perio" ea!h "a#, $hi!h is a $aste of 'o(e#, or

the# ha+e to %u# po$er fro' so'e other po$er !o'pa(# "uri(g those hours $hi!h is a&soe0pe(si+e) So po$er !o'pa(ies &oo* for $a#s to !ut "o$( o( the highest pea* "e'a(") The#e(!ourage their &arge !usto'ers to !ut %a!* o( pea* "e'a(" "uri(g those highest pea* "e'a("

perio"s %# !hargi(g the' 'ore if the# e0!ee" a !ertai( pea* "e'a(")

Custo'ers !a( sta# %e&o$ this set pea* "e'a(" &i'it %# 'o(itori(g their e&e!tri! "e'a(" a("!utti(g off u((e!essar# e&e!tri! &oa"s if the# get too !&ose to their "e'a(" &i'it) That is o(e for' of &oa" she""i(g)

The other $a# is for the po$er !o'pa(ies to as* their s'a&& !usto'ers for per'issio( toi(sta&& a pie!e of eBuip'e(t i( their ho'e or %usi(ess a(" $ire o(e or t$o app&ia(!es to the eBuip'e(t

$hi!h $i&& shut "o$( the app&ia(!es %ase" o( a ra"io sig(a& fro' the po$er !o'pa(#) The app&ia(!esare usua& e&e!tri! $ater heaters) The po$er !o'pa(# gi+es a "is!ou(t to these !usto'ers) The(, if the

po$er !o'pa(# sees that its "e'a(" is !o'i(g !&ose to its ge(erati(g !apa!it#, it se("s out a sig(a&a(" !uts off a&& these app&ia(!es) That is a&so !a&&e" &oa" she""i(g)

BAC+RO'ND O, "T'DY

E!o(o'i! a(" (atio(a& se!urit# !ha&&e(ges si(!e its %irth) E(erg# !risis is the %iggest of a&&) Itis 'u&ti"i'e(sio(a&@ %oth fro' i(si"e a(" fro' outsi"e) I(si"e is 'esse" up $ith 'is'a(age'e(t,i(a!tio( a(" &o#a&t# $ith hi""e( ha("s, a(" outsi"e i(terfere(!e ai's at gi+i(g Pa*ista( fi(a& %&o$)

The pro%&e' starts fro' 'is'a(age'e(t of $ater) a /ithi( the !ou(tr# 'isuse of $ater agree'e(t$ith a&& the pro+i(!es a(" the (eigh %ori(g I("ia?s $ater offe(si+e fro' outsi"e) Our ri+ers are getti(g"rie" up %e!ause I("ia has o( its si"e %ui&t 'ore tha( : %ig a(" s'a&& "a's) /e ha+e (ot %ui&t "a'sto store the a&rea"# a+ai&a%&e $ater i( ri+ers) Ka&a%agh Da' is the %iggest e0a'p&e) Yash$a(t Si(ha$as the( I("ia( foreig( 'i(ister, $ho, "uri(g 4S +isit as*e" the Se!retar# of State Co&&i( Po$e&& for

pressuri(g Pa*ista( (ot to 'a*e Ka&a%agh Da') A(" Po$e&& a!!epte" the I("ia( reBuest) % /e ha+eo(e of the &argest !oa& "eposits i( the $or&" i( Tharpar*ar Desert, %ut $or&" po$ers are (ot &etti(gstooge go+er('e(ts to start $or* o( this proe!t) I'agi(e ho$ "eep the root of a(tiPa*ista(!o(spira!# is ! /e ha" gas reser+es $hi!h are fast "e!reasi(g %e!ause of e0!essi+e use) Pa*ista(?sgas agree'e(t $ith Ira( ha" %ee( hit $ith s(ags) Ear&ier the IPI Ira(Pa*ista(I("ia gas pipe&i(e p&a($as a%a("o(e") " Tur*'e(ista(Afgha(ista(Pa*ista(I("ia TAPI pipe&i(e proe!t is (ot 'o+i(g

ahea" "espite +arious re(e$a&s) A&& u("er a $e&& p&a((e" a(tiPa*ista( strateg#) Let us &oo* at the pro%&e' $e are fa!i(g2

The Pro%&e'2 4("er a spe!ia& E(erg# La$, go+er('e(t is to pa# a 'i(i'u' agree" 'o(th pa#'e(t to IPPs for the !o(tra!t perio", e+e( if (o po$er is supp&ie") This 'ea(s that if the po$er p&a(t is (ot operati(g, Pa*ista( $ou&" sti&& (ee" to pa# the e(erg# %i&&) I( = the = Ther'a& Po$er p&a(ts a(" Nu!&ear po$er p&a(ts of Pa*ista( $ere for!efu& shut "o$( for 'ai(te(a(!e) /ithre"u!e" supp of e&e!tri!it#, /APDA has fe$er u(its to se&& a(" thus ha+e &ess i(!o'e per #ear) 6utthe pa#'e(t to the Ther'a& po$er !o'pa(ies $as at a fi0e" rate, !reati(g a +er# %ig 1' e(erg#"efi!it)

: | P a g e


6/16


E+er#o(e is the +i!ti's of the shortage of e(erg#) Stu"e(ts e+e( "uri(g e0a's a(" patie(ts"uri(g operatio(s !a( get (o e&e!tri!it#) A&& ur%a(ites are e0perie(!i(g 'ore tha( 1 hours of &oa"she""i(g, $hat to ta&* of ro#a&ties) Causes of !urre(t e(erg# !risis are e(u'erate" as a agi(g of theeBuip'e(t@ % &a!* of high sta("ar" 'ai(te(a(!e@ ! (o rep&a!e'e(t $ith &atest ge(erati(g s#ste'@" $astage of e(erg# $ith &esser !o(ser+atio( steps@ e high !ost of fue&, !ru"e oi& !ost has i(!rease"fro' 8 to 1: per %arre&) IPPs are !osti(g high) /ap"a KESC are pa#i(g high pri!e to IPPs) So

the# !a( se&&

po$er to !o(su'ers o( &o$ rates@ f Mo(opo i( the %usi(ess2 /ap"a a(" KESC are t$oge(eratio( a(" "ispat!h u(its a&though NEP3A is a go+er('e(t authorit# to sett&e the tariff issues %utthe fa!t re'ai(s that o(!e the Buestio( of /APDA !o'es the authorit# has a +er# &itt&e i(f&ue(!e@ eroE0p&oratio(2 No serious $or* is "o(e to e0p&ore the !oa&@ No progress i( re(e$a%&e e(erg# ge(eratio(,$hi!h !a( %e 'et fro' h#"ro a(" $i(" po$er se!tor@ I(a!tio( o( part of go+er('e(t i( i(+est'e(t,i(sta&&i(g ge(erati(g u(its, i'porti(g hite!h eBuip'e(t)

The oi& a(" gas reser+es $i&& %e fi(ishe" i(to the se!o(" ha&f of this !urre(t !e(tur#) There are>>%( to(s !oa& reser+es a+ai&a%&e i( the $or&" $hose 8 is use" to pro"u!e the e&e!tri!it#) The thir"

%iggest !oa& reser+e of 1=:%( to( e0ists i( Pa*ista( $hi!h is eBui+a&e(t to 8%( %arre&s of oi&, $hi!hare eBui+a&e(t to Sau"i Ara%ia a(" Ira(?s !o'%i(e" oi& reser+es) As per resear!h, : per %arre& pri!egi+es the +a&ue of our !oa& reser+e as high as 7tri&&io( $hi!h goes to 1=. ti'es high as !o'pare" to!urre(t GDP of Pa*ista() Our (atura& gas reser+es are fi(ishi(g rapi" so it is (e!essar# that e&e!tri!it#

%e pro"u!e" %# a&ter(ati+e resour!es)

So&utio( Fast Tra!*2 A&though fue& supp&ies a(" pa#'e(ts to the ther'a& po$er p&a(ts !a( %ei(!rease" to pro"u!e 'ore e(erg#, %ut $ith the &o$ effi!ie(!#, the e(erg# pro"u!e" $i&& %e at a +er#high !ost) Therefore the %est optio( $ou&" %e to i(sta&& :M/ Coa& Po$er p&a(ts i( &o!atio(s thatare a$a# fro' the popu&atio(, (ear the port or other tra(sport fa!i&it# a(" !&ose to the Natio(a& Gri")

T)EORATICA% ,RAME (OR+

The pro%&e' starts fro' 'is'a(age'e(t of $ater) a /ithi( the !ou(tr# 'isuse of $ateragree'e(t $ith a&& the pro+i(!es a(" the (eigh%ori(g I("ia?s $ater offe(si+e fro' outsi"e) Our ri+ersare getti(g "rie" up %e!ause I("ia has o( its si"e %ui&t 'ore tha( : %ig a(" s'a&& "a's) /e ha+e (ot

%ui&t "a's to store the a&rea"# a+ai&a%&e $ater i( ri+ers) Ka&a%agh Da' is the %iggest e0a'p&e)Yash$a(t Si(ha $as the( I("ia( foreig( 'i(ister, $ho, "uri(g 4S +isit as*e" the Se!retar# of StateCo&&i( Po$e&& for pressuri(g Pa*ista( (ot to 'a*e Ka&a%agh Da') A(" Po$e&& a!!epte" the I("ia(reBuest) % /e ha+e o(e of the &argest !oa& "eposits i( the $or&" i( Tharpar*ar Desert, %ut $or&"

po$ers are (ot &etti(g stooge go+er('e(ts to start $or* o( this proe!t) I'agi(e ho$ "eep the root of

a(tiPa*ista( !o(spira!# is ! /e ha" gas reser+es $hi!h are fast "e!reasi(g %e!ause of e0!essi+euse) Pa*ista(?s gas agree'e(t $ith Ira( ha" %ee( hit $ith s(ags) Ear&ier the IPI Ira(Pa*ista(I("iagas pipe&i(e p&a( $as a%a("o(e") " Tur*'e(ista(Afgha(ista(Pa*ista(I("ia TAPI pipe&i(e

proe!t is (ot 'o+i(g ahea" "espite +arious re(e$a&s) A&& u("er a $e&& p&a((e" a(tiPa*ista( strateg#)Let us &oo* at the pro%&e' $e are fa!i(g2The Pro%&e'2 4("er a spe!ia& E(erg# La$, go+er('e(t is to pa# a 'i(i'u' agree" 'o(th pa#'e(tto IPPs for the !o(tra!t perio", e+e( if (o po$er is supp&ie") This 'ea(s that if the po$er p&a(t is (otoperati(g, Pa*ista( $ou&" sti&& (ee" to pa# the e(erg# %i&&) I( = the = Ther'a& Po$er p&a(ts a("

Nu!&ear po$er p&a(ts of Pa*ista( $ere for!efu& shut "o$( for 'ai(te(a(!e) /ith re"u!e" supp ofe&e!tri!it#, /APDA has fe$er u(its to se&& a(" thus ha+e &ess i(!o'e per #ear) 6ut the pa#'e(t to theTher'a& po$er !o'pa(ies $as at a fi0e" rate, !reati(g a +er# %ig 1' e(erg# "efi!it)

- | P a g e


7/16


E+er#o(e is the +i!ti's of the shortage of e(erg#) Stu"e(ts e+e( "uri(g e0a's a(" patie(ts"uri(g operatio(s !a( get (o e&e!tri!it#) A&& ur%a(ites are e0perie(!i(g 'ore tha( 1 hours of &oa"she""i(g, $hat to ta&* of ro#a&ties) Causes of !urre(t e(erg# !risis are e(u'erate" as a agi(g of theeBuip'e(t@ % &a!* of high sta("ar" 'ai(te(a(!e@ ! (o rep&a!e'e(t $ith &atest ge(erati(g s#ste'@" $astage of e(erg# $ith &esser !o(ser+atio( steps@ e high !ost of fue&, !ru"e oi& !ost has i(!rease"fro' 8 to 1: per %arre&) IPPs are !osti(g high) /ap"a KESC are pa#i(g high pri!e to IPPs) So

the# !a( se&& po$er to !o(su'ers o( &o$ rates@ f Mo(opo i( the %usi(ess2 /ap"a a(" KESC areT$o ge(eratio( a(" "ispat!h u(its a&though NEP3A is a go+er('e(t authorit# to sett&e thetariff issues %ut the fa!t re'ai(s that o(!e the Buestio( of /APDA !o'es the authorit# has a +er# &itt&ei(f&ue(!e@ ero E0p&oratio(2 No serious $or* is "o(e to e0p&ore the !oa&@ No progress i( re(e$a%&ee(erg# ge(eratio(, $hi!h !a( %e 'et fro' h#"ro a(" $i(" po$er se!tor@ I(a!tio( o( part ofgo+er('e(t i( i(+est'e(t, i(sta&&i(g ge(erati(g u(its, i'porti(g hite!h eBuip'e(t)

The oi& a(" gas reser+es $i&& %e fi(ishe" i(to the se!o(" ha&f of this !urre(t !e(tur#) There are>>%( to(s !oa& reser+es a+ai&a%&e i( the $or&" $hose 8 is use" to pro"u!e the e&e!tri!it#) The thir"

%iggest !oa& reser+e of 1=:%( to( e0ists i( Pa*ista( $hi!h is eBui+a&e(t to 8%( %arre&s of oi&, $hi!hare eBui+a&e(t to Sau"i Ara%ia a(" Ira(?s !o'%i(e" oi& reser+es) As per resear!h, : per %arre& pri!e

gi+es the +a&ue of our !oa& reser+e as high as 7tri&&io( $hi!h goes to 1=. ti'es high as !o'pare" to!urre(t GDP of Pa*ista() Our (atura& gas reser+es are fi(ishi(g rapi" so it is (e!essar# that e&e!tri!it#

%e pro"u!e" %# a&ter(ati+e resour!es)

So&utio( Fast Tra!*2 A&though fue& supp&ies a(" pa#'e(ts to the ther'a& po$er p&a(ts !a( %ei(!rease" to pro"u!e 'ore e(erg#, %ut $ith the &o$ effi!ie(!#, the e(erg# pro"u!e" $i&& %e at a +er#high !ost) Therefore the %est optio( $ou&" %e to i(sta&& :M/ Coa& Po$er p&a(ts i( &o!atio(s thatare a$a# fro' the popu&atio(, (ear the port or other tra(sport fa!i&it# a(" !&ose to the Natio(a& Gri")So&utio( Lo(g Ter'2 Pa*ista( has the pote(tia& to ge(erate ::,M/ of e&e!tri!it#, $hi!h !a( %e so&"to Afgha(ista(, I("ia, Chi(a a(" O'a()

I("epe("e(t +aria%&es

I( this "iagra' $e !&ear sho$ the "epe("e(t a(" i("epe("e(t +aria%&es)

. | P a g e

1) Da') Po$er statio(s7) Fue& Gas8) 6a" Ma(age'e(t

E&e!tri!it#Depe("e(t +aria%&e

6a" Ma(age'e(tMo"erati(g +aria%&e


8/16


This is %e!ause, Pa*ista(?s Norther( areas rise &i*e a series of steps, $hi!h !reate opportu(itiesfor H#"e& Po$er) 6ut these %ig a(" s'a&& H#"ro Po$er p&a(ts !a( ta*e - #ears for !o(stru!tio(, a("$ith Da's there is a( a""itio(a& : #ears for fi&&i(g the Da') 6ut the goo" (e$s is that 6a(*s a("Do(or orga(i


9/16


)O( TO O-ERCOME T)I" PROB%EM

PO%ITICA%

Po&iti!a& !o(tro+ersies re&ati(g to Ka&a%agh "a' 'ust %e reso&+e") I( this !o((e!tio( se'i(arsa(" 'e"ia !a( p&a# a goo" ro&e) If there is a (ee" the 'o"ifi!atio(s i( "esig( 'a# a&so %e suggeste"

Technical Issues

Inadequate Maintenance and Repair of Power Plants

I(a"eBuate 'ai(te(a(!e a(" repair of pu%&i! se!tor po$er ge(eratio( p&a(ts, either "ue tofi(a(!ia& !o(strai(t or sheer (eg&e!t, has either "rasti!a& re"u!e" the operati(g effi!ie(!# of the

p&a(ts there%# i(!reasi(g !ost of ge(eratio( to u(sustai(a%&e &e+e&s or 'a"e the' u(ser+i!ea%&e) Ma(#

of the p&a(ts are therefore, (ot operati(g)

Old and Dilapidated Trans#ission and Distri.ution "$ste#s

La!* of proper 'ai(te(a(!e or rep&a!e'e(t of o&" tra(s'issio( &i(es a(" gri" statio(s !ausee0!essi+e &i(e &osses $hi!h i( tur( resu&t i( !ost i(!rease for po$er uti&ities a(" the !o(su'er) It a&so

pro+i"es a( a+e(ue for hi"i(g e&e!tri!it# theft)

,ast Trac/ "olution2

A&though Fue& supp&ies a(" pa#'e(ts to the Ther'a& po$er p&a(ts !a( %e i(!rease" to pro"u!e'ore e(erg#, %ut $ith the &o$ effi!ie(!#, the e(erg# pro"u!e" $i&& %e at a +er# high !ost) Therefore the

%est optio( $ou&" %e to i(sta&& :M/ Coa& Po$er p&a(ts i( &o!atio(s that are a$a# fro' the popu&atio(, (ear the port or other tra(sport fa!i&it# a(" !&ose to the Natio(a& Gri")

Lo(g Ter' So&utio(2 Pa*ista( has the pote(tia& to ge(erate ::, M/ of e&e!tri!it#, $hi!h!a( %e so&" to Afgha(ista(, I("ia, Chi(a a(" O'a() This is %e!ause, Pa*ista(?s Norther( areas rise &i*ea series of steps, $hi!h !reate opportu(ities for H#"e& Po$er) 6ut these %ig a(" s'a&& H#"ro Po$er

p&a(ts !a( ta*e - #ears for !o(stru!tio(, a(" $ith Da's there is a( a""itio(a& : #ears for fi&&i(g theDa') 6ut the goo" (e$s is that 6a(*s a(" Do(or orga(i


10/16


A&so Pa*ista( !a( use H#"ro a(" e+e( /i(" Po$er proe!ts for Se&f Fu("e" Pe(sio( S!he'es,$here Pa*ista(i !iti


11/16


Pa*ista( pro"u!es a%out =1 per!e(t of its e&e!tri!it# through oi& a(" gas $hi!h !osts us a%out>)8 %i&&io( "o&&ars) To put it i( other ter's, that is a%out :7 per!e(t of our tota& e0ports a(" is the

%iggest !ost o( our i'port %i&&) No$ gi+e( that our re&ia(!e o( ther'a& po$er is so &arge, $e si'p!a((ot "is'a(t&e it a(" 'agi!a& 'o+e to h#"ro po$er, ho$e+er $e !a( !ha(ge the fue& use" to gai(ther'a& po$er) I(stea" of usi(g oi& a(" gas, %oth of $hi!h are getti(g 'ore e0pe(si+e a(" ha+e+o&ati&e i(ter(atio(a& pri!es, $e !a( 'o+e to usi(g !oa&)

6ut (ot the Thar !oa&, I $i&& e0p&ai( $h# &ater, %ut i'porte" !oa&) If $e $ere to i'port !&ea(!oa& a(" use that as a fue& i(stea" of oi& a(" gas, it $ou&" !ost us &ess as the pri!e of !oa& is 'ore sta%&etha( that of oi& a(" gas i( the i(ter(atio(a& 'ar*et) This !a( %ri(g so'e sort of pri!e sta%i&it# i( our e&e!tri!it# pri!es that *eep !ha(gi(g "ue to !ha(ges i( i(ter(atio(a& 'ar*et pri!es)

Movin0 past the #$th o1 Thar coal

Yes, there is !oa& i( Thar, %ut assu'i(g that it !a( %e use" i''e"iate or it $i&& so&+e a&& our e(erg# pro%&e's are a '#th propagate" %# a fe$ peop&e a(" po&iti!a& parties for their perso(a& gai(s)

E0perts agree that Thar !oa& is high u(sta%&e 'a*i(g it "iffi!u&t to tra(sport it fro' o(e &o!atio( toa(other a(" e+e( its gasifi!atio( is (ot ris*free)

11 | P a g e

http://tribune.com.pk/story/328961/thar-coal--energy-security-for-pakistan/http://tribune.com.pk/story/328961/thar-coal--energy-security-for-pakistan/


12/16


O( &o!atio( gasifi!atio( a&so reBuires hea+# i(+est'e(t, $hi!h has pra!ti!a& "iffi!u&ties "ue tothe u(sta%&e (ature of the !oa& "eposits) So i(stea" of $asti(g ti'e a(" effort o( this, $e shou&" fo!uso( i'porti(g !oa& to rep&a!e the e+er i(!reasi(g oi& a(" gas %i&&)

I#proved ener0$ #i!

E(erg# 'i0 refers to the sour!es of e(erg# $e uti&i


13/16


"tand alone power pro2ects

This is a suggestio( that I ga+e at the !o(fere(!e a(" I a' a"+o!ati(g it (o$ agai() A%out 8 per!e(t of Pa*ista( is off the (atio(a& gri"@ that 'ea(s the# effe!ti+e get to (o e&e!tri!it#)

The $a# our gri" operates, it is a&rea"# sufferi(g fro' hea+# &i(e &osses a(" other te!h(i!a&issues, $hi!h 'a*es it e0tre'e har" a(" !ost to get 8 per!e(t of the Pa*ista( o( to the (atio(a&gri") Ho$e+er there are so&utio(s to this)

/e !a( fi(a(!e i("epe("e(t sta(" a&o(e po$er proe!ts that !a( fu(!tio( i( areas $here thereis (o (atio(a& gri", this $a# the &o!a& !o''u(ities a(" %usi(ess'e( !a( set up their o$( e(erg#so&utio(s $ithout ta*i(g prior per'issio( fro' the Natio(a& E&e!tri! Po$er 3egu&ator# Authorit#NEP3A &i*e the# ha+e to (o$) This $i&& e(a%&e the' to set up s'a&& s!a&e so&ar pa(e&s a(" p&a(ts i(their !o''u(ities a(" se&& e&e!tri!it# &o!a&) S'a&& $i(" far's !a( a&so %e use" i( areas $hi!h are!&ose to $i(" !orri"ors)

The %otto' &i(e is, &et the peop&e $ho are &i+i(g i( areas that "o(?t !o'e u("er the (atio(a&gri", "o $hate+er the# !a( to supp the'se&+es $ith e&e!tri!it# $ithout a(# go+er('e(t i(+o&+e'e(t)

Dis#antle the national 0ridThe (atio(a& gri" (ee"s to %e "is'a(t&e" a(" pro+i(!ia&ise", %e!ause u("er the 1=th

a'e("'e(t, the profits of po$er ge(eratio( go to the pro+i(!e that is pro"u!i(g the po$er, 'ea(i(g if e&e!tri!it# is %ei(g pro"u!e" at Tar%e&a, ro#a&ties of that are %ei(g pai" to KP Go+er('e(t %# a&& other

pro+i(!es) Ho$e+er, the# se&& it to the (atio(a& gri" a(" the( the (atio(a& gri" se&&s it "o$( to theDistri!t E&e!tri!a& Supp Co'pa(ies $ho further se&& the po$er to the !o(su'ers) This $a#, if there isa shortfa&&@ (atio(a& gri" !hooses the e&e!tri!it# supp patter(s a(" he(!e "e!i"es $hi!h areas suffer outages the 'ost)

If $e "is'a(t&e the (atio(a& gri" a(" !ha(ge the e&e!tri!it# supp to a( ope( 'ar*et, $here

pro+i(!ia& gri"s !a( %u# e(erg# "ire!t fro' the sour!e, it $ou&" i'pro+e the po$er supp a(" %e'ore fi(a(!ia& %e(efi!ia& for the po$er pro"u!i(g pro+i(!e) This $a#, the pro+i(!es $ith the 'ostissues $ith e&e!tri!it# supp !a( si'p out%i" the others to get e(ough for their &o!a& "e'a(") This$ou&" (ot %e pri+ati


14/16


I hope our po&iti!a& parties !o'e $ith their o$( a&ter(ati+e strategies $hi&e ta*i(g these poi(tsi( to a!!ou(t too) E(erg# !rises is a (atio(a& issue a(" a&& possi%&e so&utio(s shou&" %e e0p&ore" toso&+e it)

CONC%'"ION

Pa*ista( is fa!i(g e&e!tri!it# a(" gas shortfa&&s) Oi& a(" gas supp the %u&* of the !ou(tr#Qse(erg# (ee"s) The i("ige(ous reser+es of oi& a(" gas are &i'ite" a(" the !ou(tr# is hea+i "epe("e(to( the i'port of oi&) O( the other ha(", there is a%u("a(t pote(tia& of h#"ropo$er, $i(" e(erg#, so&are(erg# a(" %io'ass e(erg# i( the !ou(tr#) A &ot of efforts are reBuire" to re+i+e the e(erg# se!tor$hi!h !a( s'ooth 'eet the reBuire'e(ts of e(erg# for "o'esti!, !o''er!ia& a(" i("ustria& se!tor i(Pa*ista()

A&& t#pes of re(e$a%&e e(erg# 'a# %e use" at %oth "o'esti! a(" i("ustria& &e+e&) 6iofue& is a(i'porta(t a&ter(ati+e fue& to *eep ru((i(g the e0isti(g tra(sport a(" i("ustria& s#ste' s'ooth)

Curre(t, Pa*ista( 'a# fo!us to uti&i


15/16


!o(si"ere" i( resour!e p&a((i(g a(" a!Buisitio( pro!esses) The E(erg# /i(g i( the Mi(istr# of P&a((i(g a(" De+e&op'e(t a(" /APDA shou&" e(ha(!e !apa!ities to e(sure that the &o(gter'e!o(o'i! a(" e(+iro('e(ta& %e(efits of 3ES are !apture" i( the (atio(a& p&a((i(g pro!ess, a("ti'e%ase" targets "esig(e" for e0p&oitatio( of a+ai&a%&e re(e$a%&e e(erg# pote(tia&)

• Metho"s for "eter'i(i(g e(erg# output, fi(a(!ia& retur(, esti'ati(g &o!a& e0ter(a&ities, a("

i(!rease" &o!a& e'p&o#'e(t shou&" %e sta("ar"i


16/16


i(frastru!ture shou&" %e "e+e&ope" to a!hie+e the e0pa(sio( of 3ETs) The i("ige(ous i("ustr#shou&" %e e(!ourage" as $e&& as te!h(o&og# tra(sfer fro' a%roa")

• /or*ers shou&" %e s*i&&e" a(" trai(e" to !o(stru!t, operate a(" 'ai(tai( the 3ETs)

1- | P a g e

mohsin rao projct.doc

Documents