module for flue gases de-pollution
TRANSCRIPT
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MODULE FOR FLUE GASESDE-POLLUTION EMPLOING
PHYSICAL METHODS
Authors: Dr. eng. Viorel Serban1, Eng. Gabriela Lungescu1, Eng. Adrian Panait1, Eng. George Ciocan1,
Eng. Madalina Zamfir1, Dr. eng. Marian Androne1, Prof. dr. eng. Ilie Prisecaru2
1)SUBSIDIARY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING FOR NUCLEAR PROJECTS (SITON)
2)POLYTECHNICA UNIVERSITY - BUCHAREST
The 4 th TRADITIONAL EUROPEAN & INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE &
EXHIBITION eRENEWABLIA , eHYDROGENIA , eEFICIENCIA , 2010,
Bucharest, ROMANIA September 20 - 21, 2010
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GENERAL PRESENTATION
Industrial gases contain pollutants which exceed
the allowable concentrations in atmosphere. The current pollutant retaining installations are
expensive, are large in volume in point of built area,
require large energy consumption for operation
and/or additional materials. The new modular depolluting system is so designed
to concentrate and capture the pollutants in
successive stages by reducing the gas flow which
is to be treated, leading thus to an importantdecrease of sizes depolluting system, power
consumption and to a more efficient captureing of
the pollutants.2
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Further to gas passage through two or three depolluting stages
connected in series, each stage being madeup of several modules
connected in parallel, the resulted residual flow has a higher
concentration of gaseous pollutants !"#$, %#$, ' but about ()) times
smaller flow than the initial flow.
The ultimate flow with a pollutant concentration below the allowable limits
may now be directly released to atmosphere. The residual flow
containing a concentrate of pollutants is overta*en by a compressor for
to be pressurized and next discharged into an underground disposal
facility or directed to a retention installation which is usually applying the
principle of fractional cooling and condensation, specific to each gaseous
pollutant.
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THE NEW DE-POLLUTING SYSTEM
+ccording to the new concept, the depolluting installation ismadeup of several concentration, separation and capturing
stages, each of them consisting of several depolluting
modules installed in parallel through which the gaseous
pollutants are passed and concentrated in a residual flow of
gases up to ()) times smaller than the initial flow !depends of
pollutant types'.
+ depolluting module is a compact structure capable to
perform the separation, concentration and capturing of solid
and gaseous pollutants by passage through some successive
stages. 4
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The separation principle consists in the achievement of a thin lamellar gas et in a
descendent movement which, in many stages, is subected to some absorbing
forces along the two sides, forces created by a controlled depression aiming atseparating the gaseous molecules function of their volume and mass. The inlet
lamellar gas et at the module nozzle is continuing its downwards passage through
several separation areas for to rema*eup the et thic*ness, until its ultimate
removal. The dust is collected at the bottom side of the bun*er and the process is
favored by both the continuous reduction of the gas flow and by the acceleration ofthe dust particles along a linear traectory. + separation area is madeup of two
symmetrical poros convex surfaces beyond which a controlled depressure is
created to produce a uniform and symmetric action of the separation forces which
are normally applied along the gas flowing direction in order to separated the
pollutants.
The convex surfaces are aimed at repositioning the gas flow in the center and at
reducing its transversal dimension as well as at obtaining a uniformly and normal
distributed separation force of the lamellar gas et.5
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Fig. 2.1. Model of depolluting module with side collection on 2levels. Side view.
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Fig. 2.2. Model of depolluting module with side collection on 2levels. Upper view.
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Fig. 2.3. Model of depolluting module with side collectionon 2 levels. B- B Section
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Fig. 2.4. Model of depolluting module with side collection on 2 levels.
Horizontal side view and gas connection.
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Fig. 2.5. Device to set the supply voltage frequency of the de-polluting
module fans
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EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS In order to pointout the phenomenon of pollutant concentration and separation in a residual
flow, several experiments have been conducted on different stages.
Flue gases were obtained by burning several types of coal in the burner tan* of the -nergy
esearch and abor 0rotection ab in 102.
The experimental model has been connected to the gas duct lines trough a hose in an
accessible area at the exhauster outlet. #n the two collecting side channels, $ exhausters were
installed and connected to the stac* by $ hoses.
The frequency of the two fans was modified using $ frequency regulators, ranging between 34 5
6) 7z for the depression modification which performs the horizontal suction on one and the
other side of the vertical gas et.
2ecause of the technical limits associated to the experiment duration, the tests were conducted
in $ stages and the frequency variation of the two fans was performed in large steps from 4 in 4
7z. In the first stage, measurements of temperature, "#$, #$were performed and additionally
in the second stage, measurements of %#$were performed. Therefore, there is no certainty
that an optimum separation regime was obtained.11
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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND ANALYSES In order to pointout the phenomenon of pollutant
concentration and capturing in a residual flow, several sets of
measurements at various flows were performed. The
measurements were conducted by two measurement gauges
of the same accuracy along the two collecting channels, in
order to avoid the errors generated by theintime variation of
the pollutants concentration in the gas flow.
The measurements were performed maintaining constant the
frequency of the fan on "hannel + at 34, 4), 44, 8), 84 7z
and varying the frequency of the fan on "hannel 2 at 34 9 64
7z in increments of 4 7z.12
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From the analysis of the results obtained with a sidecollection
depolluting module the following conclusions may be drawn :
concentration and separation of pollutants from a lamellar gas et using
the absorption forces is more feasible than the separation by gas
centrifugation;
separation is accomplished in presence of two fields of forces obtained
by means of collectors 5 deflectors, namely: the vertical forces perform
the acceleration of the gas et and the horizontal forces opposite applied
at the same level, perform the separation of the pollutants from the gas
lamellar et;
the experimental data show that there are optimum areas for the twofields of forces obtained by depression when a 3 time greater separation
of the clean gases from the pollutant ! flue' gases is obtained, a
difference of the pollutant concentration in a single stage.13
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Table 4.1. Results of CO2
and O2
concentration measurements at
different frequencies of the fan on. Channel B - STAGE 1.
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Fig. 3.(. "#$concentration in + and 2 channals and their ratio for 4)7z
frequency fan + and frequency fan 2, between 34 5 847z. %T+
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Table 3.$. The results of the "#$, %#
$ and #
$ concentration measurements, at
different frequencies of the fan on + and 2 channels. %T+
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Fig. 3.$. "#$concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for 2 fan
frequency 4)7z constant, as well as + fan frequency, ranging between 44 5
6) 7z. %T+
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Fig. 4.3. C2concentr!tion in " !nd B ch!nnels# !nd their r!tio for
B f!n fre$uenc% &&'( const!nt# !s well !s " f!n fre$uenc%# r!nging)etween && * +, '(. S"/ 2.
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Fig. 3.3. "#$ concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for 2 fan
frequency 847z constant, as well as + fan frequency, ranging between 8) 5 6)
7z. %T+
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Fig. 3.4. "#$concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for + fan
frequency, constant 8)7z, and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 6) 7z.
%T+
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Fig. 3.8. "#$concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for + fan
frequency, constant 6)7z, and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 84 7z.%T+
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Fig. 3.6. %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for 2 fan
frequency, constant 44 7z and + fan frequency, ranging between 44 5 8= 7z.%T+
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Fig. 3.>. %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for 2 fan
frequency, constant 8) 7z and + fan frequency, ranging between 8) 5 6)
7z. %T+
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Fig. 3.=. %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan
frequency, constant 84 7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 6) 7z.%T+
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Fig. 3.(). %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan
frequency, constant 6)7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 83 7z.%T+
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Fig. 3.((. #$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan
frequency, constant 84 7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 6) 7z.
%T+
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Fig. 3.($. #$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan
frequency, constant 6) 7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 83 7z.
%T+
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CONCLUSIONS
The preliminary testing conducted by now, point 5out the fact that the new
solution of total gas depollution using physical methods, may lead to very efficient
practical solutions, both economically and technically.
"oncentration of the pollutants and their selective capturing in a residual flow is
efficient, both from the energy and installation performance viewpoint.
The straight release to the atmosphere of about =)? gas from the initial flow and
the ()? concentration of the pollutants in a residual flow, from the initial flow,
represent a very satisfactory solution which allows an efficient treatment of the
pollutants in a reduced gas flow and the possibility to obtain useful substances,
such as sulphuric acid, fertilizers, etc.
Further researches will highlight the efficiency of the new depollution solutions
both quantitatively and qualitatively.
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION!
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