module 3 personal protective equipment_introl_5-9

8/8/2019 Module 3 Personal Protective Equipment_Introl_5-9

1/22

Personal Protective Equipment

May, 2007


2/22

Learning Objectives

Demonstrate knowledge of the

principles of infection control

Recognize gaps in infection control

infrastructure

Demonstrate proper selection and useof personal protective equipment


3/22

Personal Protective Equipment

(PPE) When used properly

can protect you

from exposure toinfectious agents

Know what type of

PPE is necessaryfor the duties youperform and use itcorrectly


4/22

Types of PPE

Gloves

Gowns

Masks (surgical and particulate respirator)

Eye protection (goggles and face shields)


5/22

Precaution Levels

**All levels require hand hygiene**

Standard

Transmission based precautions:

Contact Droplet

Airborne


6/22

Standard Precautions

Prevent the transmission of

common infectious agents

Hand washing key

Assume infectious agent could

be present in the patients

Blood Body fluids, secretions, excretions

Non-intact skin

Mucous membranes


7/22

PPE for Standard Precautions

Wear: Gloves

Gowns

EyeProtectionand / or Mask

If: Touching

Respiratory secretions

Contaminated items or surfaces Blood & body fluids

Soiling clothes with patient bodyfluids, secretions, or excretions

Procedures are likely to generatesplashes / sprays of blood, bodyfluids, secretions, excretions


8/22

Droplet Precautions

Prevent infection by

large droplets from

Sneezing

Coughing

Talking

Examples

Neisseria meningitidis

Pertussis

Influenza


9/22

Transmission of Influenza Viruses

SeasonalInfluenza in

Humans

Current AvianInfluenza in Humans

Droplet most likely

route

possible

Airborne possible atclose distances

possible at close

distances

Contact possible Most likely

(bird to human), and

possible (human to

human)


10/22

Droplet Precautions

Taken in addition to Standard Precautions

Place patients in single rooms or cohort 3 feet apart

Wear surgical mask within 3 feet or 1 meter of patient

Wear face shield or goggles within 3 feet or 1 meter ofpatient

Limit patient movement within facility

Patient wears mask when outside of room


11/22

Airborne Precautions

Taken in addition to Standard Precautions

Prevent spread of infection through inhalable

particles

Examples

Tuberculosis Measles

Varicella

Variola


12/22

Airborne Precautions

Use for confirmed orsuspected avian

influenza cases


13/22

Airborne Precautions for Avian

Influenza N95 respirator (or equivalent) for personnel

Check seal with each use

Patient in isolation

Airborne isolation room, if available Air exhaust to outside or re-circulated with HEPA

filtration

Patient to wear a surgical mask if outside ofthe isolation room


14/22

Sequence for Donning PPE

1. Wash hands

2. Gown

3. N95 Particulate respirator

Perform seal check

4. Hair cover5. Goggles or face shield

6. Gloves

ARS1


15/22

Slide 14

ARS1 I added and boots here because they take them off on the next slide.Amanda Shields, 1/8/2007


16/22

Sequence for Removing PPE

Remove in anteroom when possible

1. Gloves

2. Hand hygiene

3. Gown (and apron, if worn)

4. Goggles

5. Mask

6. Hand hygiene


17/22

Choosing the Appropriate

PPE


18/22

Avian Influenza

Currently not easily transmitted human

to human

Routes of transmission to humans notknown, cannot rule-out any routes

Current transmission from poultry to

human or human to human for H5N1

requires very close contact


19/22

Interviewing - Asymptomatic

Exposed Persons and Contacts Low-risk activity

Routine use of PPE not recommended

Maintain >3 feet distance betweeninterviewer and interviewee

Use proper hand hygiene May use hand sanitizer (at least 60% alcohol) if

hands not visibly soiled


20/22

Interviewing - Symptomatic

Exposed Persons Higher risk activity

PPE recommended in community and

healthcare facility Contact precautions Droplet precautions

N95 respirator

In healthcare facility, person should beplaced in airborne isolation room

Maintain a distance > 3 feet if possible


21/22

Specimen Collection Exposed

Persons and Birds

High-risk aerosol-generating procedure

PPE recommended Gloves

Gown

Goggles or face-shield N95 or better respirator


22/22

Activities

Participate in group discussions using

the Trainee Guide

module 3 personal protective equipment_introl_5-9

Documents