modul sains spm section c

8/14/2019 Modul Sains Spm Section c

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SECTION C

1. a) State four types of drugs and their effects. [4 Marks]

b) Diagram 5 shows three examples of chemicals.

DIAGRAM 5Study the above examples of chemicals. You are required to develop a conceptof a drugs.Your answer should be based on the following aspects:

Identify two common characteristics of drugs. Develop an initial concept of a drug. Give other example of a drug and the reason for your choice Give one example of a non-drug and the reason for your choice. State the actual concept of a drug. [6 Marks]

2. a) State four changes in the body coordination when a person faces a frighteningincident. [4 Marks]

b) The diagram shows an example of some action by human body.

Study the above action. You are required to develop a concept of reflex action.Your answer should be based on the following aspects:

Identify two common characteristics of reflex action. Develop an initial concept of a reflex action Give other example of a reflex action and the reason for your choice Give one example of non-reflex action and the reason for your choice State the actual concept of a reflex action. [6 Marks]

ACTION

Shivering when bodyget cold.

Eye blinks when insecttouches eyelid.

Pupil gets smaller whenflash of bright light.

Chemicals

Heroin

AmphetaminesMarijuana


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3. a) Explains the effects of drugs on body coordination and health [4 Marks]

b) Drug addiction among school students are increasing day by day. As a teenager, explain how to overcome this problem.

Your answer should include the following: Identify the problem Clarification of the problem Solving method Choose the best method and explain your choice. [6 Marks]

SECTION C

1.

(a) Examine the above statement, then suggest a suitable hypothesis for aninvestigation to determine the weight of forty students (boys and girls) who are all

18 years of age. [1 Mark]

(b) Describe an experiment that could be carried in the classroom to verify yourhypothesis.Your description should include the following:(i) Aim of the investigation [1 Mark]

(ii) Identification of variables [3Marks](iii) List of apparatus [1 Mark]

(iv Tabulation of data [1 Mark](v) Conclusion [1 Mark]

2. Study the statement below

(a) Suggest a suitable hypothesis to investigate this statement. [1 Mark]

(b) Design an experiment to test your hypothesis this statement

(i) Aim of the experiment [1 Mark](ii) Identification of variables [2 Marks](iii) List of materials and apparatus [1 Mark](iv) Method [3 Marks](v) Recording and analyzing [1 Mark](vi) Conclusion [1 Mark]

No two individuals are alike. Every person is unique in himself

The length of leaves is a type of continuous variation


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HairSkin

Liver Red bloodcell

3. (a) State four differences between cell division through mitosis and meiosis.[4 Marks]

(b)

The cell division that takes place in the body parts of a student is shown above. Explain howyou would build a concept based on the information above. Your explanation should includethe following.(i) Identify two common features(ii) Build an initial concept(iii) Give one example of body part that undergoes this cell division and one

example of body part that does not undergo this cell division.Give reason for each example.

(iv) Explain the actual concept [6 Marks]

SECTION C

1. Study the statement below carefully.

You are given a copper metal, a sulphur roll, connecting wire ,switch and ammeter.

(a) Suggest a suitable hypothesis to investigate this statement. (1 mark)

(b) Describe one experiment to test your hypothesis based on the following.(i) Aim of experiment (1 mark)

(ii) Variables (2 marks)(iii) List of apparatus (1 mark)(iv) Method (4 marks)(v) Tabulation of data (1 mark)

Cell division

Molecular substances are not conduct electricity in all state

Atomic substances are good electric conductor


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Your answers should include the following.(i) Identify the problem(ii) Clarification of the problem(iii) Solving methods(iv) Explain the method using [6 marks]

3. (a) Diagram 8 shows the formation of white fumes when ammonia gasand hydrogen gas are mixed.

DIAGRAM 8

State four reasons why the reaction above is considered asa chemical change. [4 marks]

(b) Diagram 9 shows the physical changes that happen to two different substances.

DIAGRAM 9

Study the activities above carefully. Build a concept regarding the physical

Zinc nitratesolution

Soap solution

Soap powder

Zinc nitrate

Water

Water


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Identifying variables [2 marks] List of apparatus [1 mark] Procedure [3 marks] Presentation of data [1 mark] Conclusion [1 mark]

.

Soalan:

3. A factory owner finds that his factory produces a lot of air pollutants.

(a) Name two air pollutants and state their effects on the environment and living things.[4 marks]

(b). The factory burns coal, a fossil fuel. Explain how the factory owner overcomes the airpollutant problem in his factory. Your answer should include the following:

* Identify the problem [1 mark]* Clarification of the problem [1 mark]* Methods to solve the problem [3 marks]* Choose the best method and explain your choice [1 mark]

Soalan:

4. (a). State the differences between pure metals and alloys. [4 marks]

(b). Table 1 shows the composition and special properties of steel. bronze, brassand duralumin.

Alloy Composition Special properties

Steel 99.5% iron, 0.5% carbon Hard and strongBronze 88% copper, 12% tin Hard. strong, more resistant to wear

and corrosion than copperBrass 75% copper, 25% zinc Hard. strong. malleable and resistant

to corrosionDuralumin 95% aluminium, 3% copper,

1 % magnesium, 1 %manganese

Light. strong. and resistant tocorrosion

Study the characteristics of these substances. Explain how you would develop the conceptof an alloy based on the information in Table 1.Your answer should include the following:

Identify the information given Identify the common characteristics Develop the initial concept of an alloy Give an example of an alloy Give example of a non -alloy* State the actual concept of an alloy [6 marks]


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Soalan:

5. Natural fertiliser is fertiliser obtained naturally such as animal wastes and wastes ofliving things. Synthetic fertilisers, however are chemical fertilisers that aremanufactured in factories. One of the examples of synthetic fertilisers is ammonium

sulphate.

Based on the above statements, plan an experiment to produce ammonium sulphatein the laboratory.

(a) Suggest a suitable hypothesis to investigate the above statements.[1 mark]

(b) Describe an experiment giving the frame work to study your hypothesis based on thefollowing:-

i Aim of experimentii Arrangement of apparatus in diagrammatic formiii Procedureiv Resultsv. Conclusion [9 marks]

MATTER AND SUBSTANCESECTION C

QUESTION SET 1:10.

(a) Suggest a hypothesis which can explain Ismails observation given in the statement

above. [1 mark]

(b) Using an aluminium rod and an iron rod, describe an experiment to test yourhypothesis. Your description should include the following criteria.i. Aim of the experiment [1 mark]ii. Identification of variables [2 marks]iii. List of apparatus and materials [1 mark]iv. Procedure [3 marks]v. Tabulation of results [1 mark]vi. Conclusion [1 mark]

11. (a) Draw two diagrams to represent the arrangement of particles in a solid and in aliquid. [1 mark]

(b) Compare the two states of matter according to the following sub-headings:i. Arrangement of the particles. [1 mark]ii. Motion of the particles and kinetic energy. [2 marks]iii. Force of attraction between the particles. [1 mark]

Chef Ismail finds that aluminium frying pans become hot faster than iron fryingpans when they are heated.


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(c) i. Briefly discuss the particles that form ionic compounds. 3 marks]ii. Why do ionic compounds have high melting points? [2 marks]

QUESTION SET 2:

10.

Study the statement. Suggest a suitable hypothesis to investigate this statement. Then, design anexperiment to test your hypothesis based on the following: [1 mark](a) Aim of the experiment [1 mark](b) Identifying the variables [2 marks](c) List of apparatus and materials [1 mark](d) Method [3 marks](e) Tabulation of data [1 mark](f) Conclusion [1 mark]

QUESTION SET 3:

10. Study the following statement.

You are given three substances:i. Lead(II) bromideii. Leadiii. Sulphur

(a) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement. [1 mark]

(b) Describe an experiment to test your hypothesis in 1(a) based on the followingcriteria:i. Aim of the experiment

[1 mark]ii. Identification of variables [2 marks]iii. List of apparatus and materials [1 mark]iv. Procedure or method [4

marks]v. Tabulation of data [1 mark]

Fishermen normally add salt to the ice used for freezing their catch.

The electrical conductivity of a substance depends on the kind of particlesin it.


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11. (a) Diagram below shows the arrangement of particles in common salt (a substancemade of ions) and water (a substance made of molecules). State four differencesbetween substances made of ions and substances made of molecules.

[4 marks](b) Explain how you can obtain pure water from sea water (a salt solution).

Your explanation should include the following:i. Problem statement

[1 mark]ii. Name of the method used

[1 mark]iii. Steps of the method used [4 marks]

CHAPTER 7: LIGHT, COLOUR AND SIGHT


Convex lenses with different thicknesses have different focal lengths .

(a) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statements.[ 1 mark ]

(b) Using three convex lenses of different thicknesses, describe an experiment to test yourhypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria.

Aim of the experiment [ 1 mark ] Identification of variables [ 2 marks ] List of apparatus [ 1 mark ] Procedure [ 3 mark ] Tabulation of data [ 1 mark ] Conclusion [ 1 marks]

2. Study the following statement:

A secondary coloured filter only allows its component colours topass through it.

You are given red, blue and green coloured lights, a margenta filter, a yellow filter and a cyanfilter.


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(c) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statements.[ 1 mark ]

(d) Using three convex lenses of different thicknesses, describe an experiment to test yourhypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria.

Aim of the experiment [ 1 mark ] Identification of variables [ 2 marks ] List of apparatus [ 1 mark ] Procedure [ 3 marks ] Tabulation of data [ 1 mark ] Conclusion [ 1 mark ]

CHAPTER 7: LIGHT, COLOUR AND SIGHT

A n s w e r s :


Convex lenses with different thicknesses have different focal lengths .

(a) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statements.The th icker the lens , the shor ter the focal length / the th inner th elens , the longer the focal length . [ 1 mark ]

(b) Using three convex lenses of different thicknesses, describe an experiment to test yourhypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria.

Aim of the experiment [ 1 mark ]To determine the focal length o f convex lenses of d ifferentth ickness .

Identification of variables [ 2 marks ]Manipula ted var iab le : Thickness of lensResponding var iab le: Focal length of the lensFixed var iab le : Objec t d is tance and type of lens

List of apparatus [ 1 mark ]Convex lenses of d ifferent th ickn esses , screen , p in , ru ler, lens holder, l igh tsource .

Procedure [ 3 mark ]1. The l ight sourc e ,the p in(objec t), the lens holder with the th ick convex

lens on i t and the screen are arranged on a s t ra ight l ine .2 . The objec t is p laced 40 cm away from the lens . The screen on the o ther

s ide of the lens is m oved to ge t a c lear image of th e objec t .3 . The d is tance of the Image from the screen is measured .4 . Step 1-3 are repeated us ing the medium and th in c onvex lenses .


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(i) Aim of the experiment (1 mark)(ii) Identification of variables (2 marks)(iii) List of apparatus and material (1 mark)(iv) Procedure or method (4 marks)(v) Observation / data (1 mark)

Answer:

(a) Hypothesis : Coloured filterd ___________certain coloured lights and ________________________others.

(1 mark)

(b) (i) Aim of the experiment : To study / to determine the ____________ of _____________that can pass through a ______________.

(1 mark)

(ii) Manipulated variable : Colour ________________________Responding variable : Colour ________________________Constant variable : Colour of the screen and light source

(2 marks)

(iii) Apparatus and materials : ______ filter, _____filter, _______ filter, slide projector / ray box, white screen.

(1 mark)

(iv) Procedure :

_____________ ______________r


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1. A _________________________from a projector / ray box is shone onto a _________________ screen.

2. A ______________ is placed ___________ of the light source.3. The colour produced on the __________________ is observed.4. The red filter is _____________ and replaced with a ___________ filter and

a ________________, one at a time.(4 marks)

(v) Observation / data :

QUESTION NUMBER 11

a) Some parts of camera have the same function as the parts of the humaneye.Compare how the eye and the camera control light and focus anObject. (4 marks)

b) Asyhmal wants to view the scenery behind the wall. He does not want to climb aladder to look over the wall. Explain how can He uses a mirrors to make aninstrument to help him see over the wall. Your explanation should include thefollowing:

Problem statement Name of method used Steps of the method used

[6 mark]

Answer :(a)

Criteria Human eye CameraControlling theamount og light

The__________ controlsthe amount of light enteringthe eye by changing thesize of ____________

Focusing image The __________ changethe shape of the lens,Thicker-looking at________objectThinner-looking at _______object

Done by changing the __________ of the lens,Moved further from film- for

_____________objectTowords the film- for

___________object

b) Problem statement


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Asyhmal wishes to ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

Name of method used Asyhmal needs to use mirrors to make a _______________________ thelp himsee over the wall.

Steps of the method used1. Asyhmal needs to make /find a long tube and buy _____________plane mirrors.

A ___________is made at each end of the tube as shown in the figure below.2. At each end of the tube, a plane mirror is placed parallel to each other at an

angle of ____________ o in the direction of view as shown in the figure below.3. Light rays from an object are reflected _____________before entering the eye as

shown in the figure below.4. Asyhmal can now view the ____________ by looking into the periscope at the

end labelled P.


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QUESTION NUMBER 12There are two groups of colour.(a) Name the two groups and their components. (4 marks)

(b) Figure below shows colours obtained when different coloured filters are usedin an experiment. White light is used as the light source in this experiment.

Yellow filter Red filter

Redlight

(A)

Cyan filter Magenta filter

Bluelight

(B)Study the information in figure above and construct the concept of subsraction ofcoloured lights. Your answer should be based on the following steps. Identify two common chracteristics (2 marks)

Relate the common characteristics to the subsraction of coloured lights in orderto constructs the initial concept. (1 mark) Give one examples of the subsraction of coloured using primary filter

(1 mark) Give one examples of the subsraction of coloured using secondary filter

(1 mark) State the actual concept of the subtraction of light (1 mark)

White lightsource

White lightsource


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SET 2

QUESTION NUMBER 10

Study the following statement.

You are given convex lenses, candle(object) and a white screen.

a) Suggest a suitable hypothesis to investigate the above statement. (1 mark)

b) Describe an experiment to test your hypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria.

(i) Aim of the experiment (1 mark)(ii) Identification of variables (2 marks)

(iii) List of apparatus and material (1 mark)(iv) Procedure or method (4 marks)(v) Observation / data (1 mark)

Answer :

(a) Hypothesis : The longer the _________________from the convex lens is, the _____________is the size of the image formed by the convex lens//Vice versa

(b) (i) Aim of the experiment : To study / to determine the _______ of an objectfrom a __________ affects the ___ of the imageformed by the lens.

(ii) Manipulated variable : ________________________________Responding variable : ________________________________Constant variable : Thickness of lens, type of lens , size of

object.(2 marks)

(iii) Apparatus and materials : _____________ lenses , screen, candle(object), __________, ________ __________. ( 1 mark)

(iv) Procedure :

The size of an image formed by a convex lens depends on the distance ofan object from the convex lens.

u v


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1. The light source, the candle (object), the lens holder with the _________ lenson it and the screen are arranged on the straight ________.

2. The __________is placed 30cm (u) away from the ________. The screen onthe other side of the lens is moved to get the ____________image of theobject.

3. The _________of the image from the screen is measured.4. Steps 1 to 3 are repeated with ________________ of the object from the

convex lens, that is 25 cm, 20 cm and 15 cm.(4 marks)

(v) Observation / data :

(1 mark)

QUESTION NUMBER 11

a) A student needs to make a simple optical instrument to capture the imageof an object .Explain how you can make the optical instrument by usinga box. (4 mark)

b) The optical instrument made made by him is functioning but image captured israther blur. Explain how he can overcome this. Your answer should include thefollowing:

Identify the problem Clarification of the problem Solving methods Choose the method and explain your choice (6 mark)

Answer:(a) i. The box can be made into a _______camera. Firstly, a __ is used

to make a pinhole on one side of the box.ii. At the other side of the box (opposite the pinhole), a portion of the wall is

cut. It is replaced by a piece of ______________ paper, which serves asthe _____________.

iii. The interior of the box is coloured _____________.iv. A ____________ is placed ___________ of the pinhole. The pinhole

camera is moved forward and backward until a clear image can be seenon the screen.

( 4 marks)


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Colour is used to allow an animal to ______________ itself, to stalk its ____________ or for safety purposes.Colour is used to serve as a _________________ to others animals.Bright flower petals will attract insects for ________________.

(4 marks)

(b) Identify the common characteristics: A pinhole camera will form a ___________image A pinhole camera will form an ______________ image A pinhole camera will form a _____________image

Relate the common characteristic to the effect in order to construct the initialconcept. A pinhole will form ____________________________________.

An example of another image The image formed on the _____________________________

State the actual concept: The characteristics of the image formed by a pinhole camera are

___________________________________________________

(6 marks)

SET 3

QUESTION NUMBER 10Study the following statement.

You are given powderd milk, slide projector and white screen.a) Write a hypothesis to explain the observation above. (1 mark)

b) Describe an experiment to test your hypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria.

(i) Aim of the experiment (1 mark)(ii) Identification of variables (2 marks)(iii) List of apparatus and material (1 mark)(iv) Procedure or method (4 marks)(v) Observation / data (1 mark)

Answer:

(a) Hypothesis : __________________is easily scattered by particles in the airwhile _____________ least scatterd and travels the furtherst through air.

(1 mark)

We see a blue sky in the afternoon and aredSun during sunset in the evening


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(b) (i) Aim of the experiment : To study / to determine the _______________

____________________________________ ___________________________________ byParticles.

Manipulated variable : _________________________________Responding variable : _________________________________Constant variable : Amount of water, distance of screen from

Beaker, distance of light from beaker

(2 marks)(iv) Apparatus and materials : ______________,__________________,

______________________,____________________,_______________,(iv) Procedure :

a. The apparatus is set up as shown in figure above.

b. The slide projector is switched on and observed the ______________________ that falls on the screen.

c. A little ____________ is added to the _________ in the beaker and _______________ it.

d. When the water is still, the beam of light that falls on the screen isobserved again.

(4 marks)(v) Observation / data :

QUESTION NUMBER 12

(a) Draw ray diagrams to show parallel rays of light passing through a convexlens and concave lens. (4 marks)

(b) Diagram below shows three optical instruments which use covex lenses.


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Camera Telescope

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTSUSING LENSES

Microscope

Study the above optical instruments. You are required to develop a concept ofconvex lens. Your answer should be based on the following aspects:

Identify two common characteristic of the images formed by a convex lens for adistant object.

Develop an initial concept of a convex lens. Give one example of an optical instrument which use convex lens and one which

does not use convex lens. Give one reason for your choice.

(6 mark)

Answer :(a)

CONVEX LENS CONCAVE LENS

b) Two common characteristicFor a distant object, the image formed by a convex lens is ___________,

_______________, ______________ and on the ____________ side of theobject.

Initial concept A convex lens is used in ___________________ to view the object which is very _______________ or which is very _________________.


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modul sains spm section c

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