MODIS Fire Products MODIS Fire Products StatusStatus

MODIS Fire TeamMODIS Fire Team

MODLAND MeetingMODLAND Meeting

15-16 July 200315-16 July 2003

OverviewOverview

Product statusProduct status Validation statusValidation status Documentation statusDocumentation status Proposed C5 changesProposed C5 changes

The MODIS Fire ProductsThe MODIS Fire Products

Active Fire ProductsActive Fire Products• In productionIn production• MOD14, MOD14A1, MOD14A2, etc.MOD14, MOD14A1, MOD14A2, etc.

Burned Area ProductBurned Area Product• Produced internally at SCFProduced internally at SCF• Algorithm currently being tested for different Algorithm currently being tested for different

regions – emphasis on product validationregions – emphasis on product validation• Dialogue with related international Dialogue with related international

development efforts through GOFC/GOLD-Firedevelopment efforts through GOFC/GOLD-Fire

Active Fire ProductsActive Fire Products(MOD14)(MOD14)

Product StatusProduct Status

Both Terra C4 and Aqua C3 fire Both Terra C4 and Aqua C3 fire products are in good shapeproducts are in good shape• Initial Aqua problems associated with Initial Aqua problems associated with

gain settings now resolved by MCST gain settings now resolved by MCST CMG fire product (.25 degree) being CMG fire product (.25 degree) being

evaluated plans for product to be evaluated plans for product to be released by SCF by end of 2003released by SCF by end of 2003• Product tailored to user needs – multiple Product tailored to user needs – multiple

formats formats

CMG Example ICMG Example I

CMG Example IICMG Example II

Active Fire Validation: Status IActive Fire Validation: Status I

ASTER imagery used to validate the ASTER imagery used to validate the Terra L2 fire product in Southern Terra L2 fire product in Southern Africa, Amazon, and Boreal sitesAfrica, Amazon, and Boreal sites

Developing automated procedure to Developing automated procedure to generate ASTER fire masks (requires generate ASTER fire masks (requires ASTER cloud detection) to facilitate ASTER cloud detection) to facilitate Stage 2 validationStage 2 validation

Global sample being compiled from Global sample being compiled from ASTER archiveASTER archive

ASTER fire counts

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Estimated Probabilities from Generalized Linear Model

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ASTER fire counts

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Estimated Probabilities, fixed effects model, v3 vs v4

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ASTER fire counts

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Estimated Probabilities from Model 1, MODIS version 3

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Active Fire Validation with ASTERActive Fire Validation with ASTER

Active Fire Validation: Status IIActive Fire Validation: Status II

Collaborations with science community Collaborations with science community and data providersand data providers• January 2003 LBA field campaignJanuary 2003 LBA field campaign

Acquired minimum-gain ASTER observations (reduce Acquired minimum-gain ASTER observations (reduce saturation)saturation)

Coincident aircraft observationsCoincident aircraft observations Second campaign to occur later this yearSecond campaign to occur later this year

• Prescribed burn data in South Africa (Kruger Prescribed burn data in South Africa (Kruger National Park)National Park)

Minimum-gain ASTER acquisition plannedMinimum-gain ASTER acquisition planned

Active Fire Validation: Status IIIActive Fire Validation: Status III

• Collaboration with Ukrainian researchersCollaboration with Ukrainian researchers In situ fire observationsIn situ fire observations Industrial hot-spot databaseIndustrial hot-spot database

• Analyzing data from Russian Ariel Forest Analyzing data from Russian Ariel Forest Protection ServiceProtection Service

Structure of prototype Integrated Fire Database MODIS thermal anomalies id Id number of anomaly dt Date and time lat Latitude lon Longitude temp Temperature lat_delta Pixel size across track lon_delta Pixel size along track AVHRR thermal anomalies id Id number of anomaly dt Date and time lat Latitude lon Longitude lat_delta Pixel size across track lon_delta Pixel size along track AFPS fire data (“Avialesookhrana”) id Id number of fire dt Date lat Latitude of fire (place of its detection ) lon Longitude of fire (place of its detection ) area Current burnt area state Class of fire condition (flaming/smoldering,

localized etc.) dt_disc Date of detection of fire area_disc Burnt area in the moment of detection id Id number of fire id_avia Internal ID number of fire of Avialesookhrana state Code of fire condition desc Description of class of fire condition

Russia: aircraft dataRussia: aircraft data(Avialesookhrana)(Avialesookhrana)

Northern Eurasian GOFC/GOLD regional fire networkNorthern Eurasian GOFC/GOLD regional fire network Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NASA/RAS)Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NASA/RAS) NASA New Investigator in Earth Science programNASA New Investigator in Earth Science program

UkraineUkraine

Об'єднання, Держлісгосп , Дата час Дата, час

Остаточна ліквідації площа га

управління, підприємство

ДЛМГ виявлення ліквідації загальна в т.ч. верхового

2 3 4 5 6 7

АР Крим Ялтинський 08.03.02. 11.03.02 16 0

      7.30.    

Херсонліс Голопристанський 08.03.02. 08.03.02 15.4 0.45

           

Херсонліс Збур'ївське 20.04.02. 20.04.02. 42.7 8.6

      19.45.    

Херсонліс Великокопанівський 08.03.02 09.03.02. 16.1 0

           

Херсонліс Цюрупинський 30,04,02 01,05,02 13.35 4

    22.00. 09.15.    

Херсонліс Голопристанський 13.07.02. 14.07.02. 118.6 88.4

    15.20. 18.00.    

Херсонліс Голопристанський 19.07.02 19.07.02. 18 2

    12.50. 17.20.    

in-situ datain-situ data industrial hotspotsindustrial hotspots

Active Fire Validation: PlansActive Fire Validation: Plans Continue validation with other GOFC/GOLD Continue validation with other GOFC/GOLD

partnerspartners• SE AsiaSE Asia• MexicoMexico• AustraliaAustralia

Stage 2 validation completed through recompete Stage 2 validation completed through recompete • More sites needed to assess algorithm performance More sites needed to assess algorithm performance

globallyglobally More extensive use of BIRD data for accuracy More extensive use of BIRD data for accuracy

characterization (fire size assessment) characterization (fire size assessment) Aqua Validation Aqua Validation

• Stage 1 validation (selected locations and opportunities) Stage 1 validation (selected locations and opportunities) • Stage 2 assessment - will tie to Terra validation and Stage 2 assessment - will tie to Terra validation and

compare to Terra distributions compare to Terra distributions

Documentation StatusDocumentation Status

Completed major overhaul of MODIS Completed major overhaul of MODIS Fire web siteFire web site

User Guide – update underway User Guide – update underway associated with CMG distributionassociated with CMG distribution

ATBD - no plans to update – more ATBD - no plans to update – more recent peer reviewed papers provide recent peer reviewed papers provide updateupdate

Details of revised detection algorithm Details of revised detection algorithm described in forthcoming RSE paperdescribed in forthcoming RSE paper

Proposed C5 ChangesProposed C5 Changes

Correct minor bug in L2 fire codeCorrect minor bug in L2 fire code• Fixed in 4.3.2; MODAPS running 4.3.0Fixed in 4.3.2; MODAPS running 4.3.0

Need improved water maskNeed improved water mask Include additional data layers in L3 Include additional data layers in L3

daily fire product (MOD14A1)daily fire product (MOD14A1)

RR Systems: Active Fire RR Systems: Active Fire

Running stand alone (non-ECS) codeRunning stand alone (non-ECS) code• Same detection algorithmSame detection algorithm• Code distributed to DB user communityCode distributed to DB user community

SCF data distribution SCF data distribution • NRT RR fire locations – text files NRT RR fire locations – text files • Encouraging feedback on algorithm Encouraging feedback on algorithm

performance performance • Fire/GIS User oriented Web MapsFire/GIS User oriented Web Maps• Outreach with international partners Outreach with international partners

GOFC/GOLDGOFC/GOLD

Burned Area ProductBurned Area Product

Product StatusProduct Status A proposed C5 product to map the 500m A proposed C5 product to map the 500m

location and approximate date of burninglocation and approximate date of burning

Algorithm initially developed for Southern Algorithm initially developed for Southern Africa Africa • uses daily Terra MOD09 L2G as inputuses daily Terra MOD09 L2G as input• being adapted & coded for global application being adapted & coded for global application

(regional testing: Australia, Siberia, Amazon) (regional testing: Australia, Siberia, Amazon) • MODAPS code will use AQUA & Terra MOD09 MODAPS code will use AQUA & Terra MOD09

L2G as input L2G as input

Model BRDF over moving window (t-NModel BRDF over moving window (t-NWW to t) to t)

Predict BRDF of next observation (t+1)Predict BRDF of next observation (t+1)

Predict uncertainty in model resultPredict uncertainty in model result

Compute Z-scoreCompute Z-scoreI.e., I.e., Z-score = predicted - observed reflectance / (model + observation uncertainty)Z-score = predicted - observed reflectance / (model + observation uncertainty)

Threshold Z-score time seriesThreshold Z-score time series

Apply temporal and spectral consistency constraints to rejectApply temporal and spectral consistency constraints to reject• noisy pixelsnoisy pixels• sub-pixel cloud & shadowssub-pixel cloud & shadows• changes not due to burningchanges not due to burning

A backup algorithm based on thresholding VI time series has been developed A backup algorithm based on thresholding VI time series has been developed

View zenith

BR

DF

Algorithm: Algorithm: mmulti-temporal BRDF-based ulti-temporal BRDF-based cchangehange d detectionetection

Southern Africa Southern Africa 500m burned areas500m burned areas

Time: 60 Days (June – August 2001)

Scale: 1 degree grid lines

Northern Angola & Democratic Republic of Congo (border = red line)

MODIS Terra

Time: 60 Days (June – August 2001)

Scale: 1 degree grid lines

Northern Angola & Democratic Republic of Congo (border = red line)

MODIS Terra

Southern Africa Southern Africa 1km active fire1km active firedetectionsdetections

Northern Northern Australia 500m Australia 500m burned areasburned areas

Time: 90 Days

(July – October 2001)

Scale: 1200*1200km

(MODIS tile h30v10)

MODIS Terra

Northern Northern Australia 1km Australia 1km active fire active fire detectionsdetectionsTime: 90 Days

(July – October 2001)

Scale: 1200*1200km

(MODIS tile h30v10)

MODIS Terra

Burned Area product ValidationBurned Area product Validation Validation linked to regional GOFC-Fire networksValidation linked to regional GOFC-Fire networks

Approximately 28 ETM+ scenes in each of 2000, Approximately 28 ETM+ scenes in each of 2000, 2001, 2002 used to derive independent burned 2001, 2002 used to derive independent burned area data following a regional area data following a regional Southern Africa Fire Southern Africa Fire Network (SAFNet)Network (SAFNet) protocol protocol=> multi-year Stage 2 southern Africa validation => multi-year Stage 2 southern Africa validation

Similar, planned for Australia, Siberia & Amazon Similar, planned for Australia, Siberia & Amazon

(perhaps use ASTER rather than ETM+ given (perhaps use ASTER rather than ETM+ given current ETM+ acquisition problems) – collaboration current ETM+ acquisition problems) – collaboration with related projectswith related projects

Southern Africa validation sites, two date Landsat ETM+Southern Africa validation sites, two date Landsat ETM+distributed distributed from dry savanna to wet miombo woodlandfrom dry savanna to wet miombo woodland

(quantify product accuracy over range of representative biomass burning conditions)

2000 annual precipitation TRMM 1º data

(blue < 300mm, red > 1500mm)

MODIS 1km land cover product

Results: MODIS 500m burned area product &Results: MODIS 500m burned area product &Landsat ETM+ independent burned area Landsat ETM+ independent burned area

validation Okavango delta, Botswana, 2001validation Okavango delta, Botswana, 2001

Colored pixels = burned areas detected by MODIS in 105 day period 20 July to 1 Nov. (rainbow color scale to indicate the approximate day of burning, black no burning, white not be mapped due to missing MODIS data or persistent cloud).

Red vectors = burned areas mapped following SAFNet validation protocol between two ETM+ acquisitions sensed 6 August and 23 September.

Results: MODIS 500m burned area product &Results: MODIS 500m burned area product &Landsat ETM+ independent burned area Landsat ETM+ independent burned area

validation Okavango delta, Botswana, 2001validation Okavango delta, Botswana, 2001

Colored pixels = burned areas detected by MODIS in 105 day period 20 July to 1 Nov. (red= burned area detected within the ETM+ acquisition period, blue = burned areas detected before or after the ETM+ acquisition period).

White vectors = burned areas mapped following SAFNet validation protocol between two ETM+ acquisitions sensed 6 August and 23 September.