models of matter: bohr diagrams - miss kalyta online · 2019-09-23 · drawing a complete bohr...
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![Page 1: Models of Matter: Bohr Diagrams - Miss Kalyta Online · 2019-09-23 · Drawing a Complete Bohr Diagram: 1. Determine the number of no, p+, e-in the atom. 2. Draw the nucleus. 3. Label](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022042622/5f8042c3d08db67e520d4db2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Models of Matter:
Bohr Diagrams
![Page 2: Models of Matter: Bohr Diagrams - Miss Kalyta Online · 2019-09-23 · Drawing a Complete Bohr Diagram: 1. Determine the number of no, p+, e-in the atom. 2. Draw the nucleus. 3. Label](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022042622/5f8042c3d08db67e520d4db2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OUTCOME QUESTION(S):
S1-2-05How do you draw an atom using the Bohr model?
Vocabulary & Concepts
orbit Bohr Diagram valence
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PRE-NOTE QUESTION(S):
Where is each subatomic particle placed in an
atom?
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e-:negative charge,
around the nucleus
p+: Positive charge,
in nucleus
no: no charge,
in nucleus
Refresh
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Colour Element
green copper
red strontium
purple potassium
lavender Lithium
yellow sodium
• This emitted light was from excited electrons!
Niels Bohr (1913)
“Flame Test” experiments show heated elements
emit a unique pattern of colour.
Each element showed a unique colour signature that is used
to identify elements in mixtures or compounds
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Hypothesis:
Electrons move in organized circular paths of
different distances around a nucleus.
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Orbit: location of electron motion around a
nucleus.
Only a specific number of electrons fill each orbit!
Bohr reasoned that
random electron
movement cannot
produce the same
unique colour pattern
EVERY TIME
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ORBITS:
1st : holds two electrons (e-)
2nd : holds eight e-
3rd : holds eight e-
• Electrons occupy the closest orbital first
Bohr’s model is called
the “planetary” model
• Each element have a different number of electrons
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Use the atomic mass and atomic number to find the
information (p+, no, e-) to build Bohr atomic models
HOW DO WE KNOW HOW MANY PROTONS,
NEUTRONS, AND ELECTRONS AN ATOM HAS?
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HOW DO WE KNOW HOW MANY PROTONS,
NEUTRONS AND ELECTRONS AN ATOM HAS?
Protons = atomic number
Neutrons = atomic mass – atomic number
Electrons = atomic number
Protons = 19
Neutrons = 39 -19=20
Electrons = 19
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Drawing a Complete Bohr Diagram:
1. Determine the number of no, p+, e- in the atom.
2. Draw the nucleus.
3. Label the #of protons and neutrons.
4. Add orbits and fill with the appropriate # of e-.
7p+
7no
Nitrogen (N)
p+ : 7
no : 14 – 7 = 7
e- : 7
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3p+
4no
Lithium (Li)
p+ : 3
no : 7 – 3 = 4
e- : 3
Remember the first shell can only
hold 2 electrons before being “full”
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11p+
12no
Sodium (Na)
p+ : 11
no : 23 – 11 = 12
e- : 11
Putting electrons around in pairs at the
quadrants makes it easier to count later
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Valence:
•Last (outer) atom orbit
•All electrons in last orbit are called valence
electrons
The number of valence electrons in an atom determines how
the atom chemically reacts
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Hydrogen has a total of 1 e- (1 valence e- )
Boron has a total of 5 e- (3 valence e- )
Neon has a total of 10 e- (8 valence e- )