T-303 HYDRAULICSTime Allowed: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75Answer to Question No.1 is compulsory and to be answered first, This answer is to be made in separateloose script(s pro!ided for the p"rpose# $a%im"m time allowed is &' min"tes, after which the loose answerscripts will be collected and fresh answer scripts for answerin( the remainin( part of the )"estion will bepro!ided# *n earl+ s"bmission of answer scripts of ,"estion -o#.,a st"dent will (et the remainin( scriptearlier#Question No.1 is compulsory #Answer any five from Group-A, .#A#Choose the correct answer from the (i!en alternati!es/ .%01i The specific wei(ht of fresh water "nder normal conditions in SI "nits is 2 (a 34. % .15-6m5, (b 34#. % .15 -6m5 (c 3#4. % .15 -6m5, (d none of the abo!e, ii S"rfacetensionisa phenomenon d"e to 2 (a difference inma(nit"de betweentheforces d"e to adhesion and cohesion, (b adhesion between li)"id and solidmolec"les, (c !isco"s force, (d none of the abo!e#iii Theh+drostaticlawof press"re!ariationise%pressedb+2 (a 7896+,(b 78Y9:constant, (c 78 constant, (d none of the abo!e#i! ;ac""m press"re at a flow section is 2 (a a press"re meas"red b+ a eisbach friction factor f which is a direct meas"re of resistance to flow inpipes is dependent on 2 (a ro"(hness, hei(ht, diameter and !elocit+, (b ro"(hness,hei(ht, diameter, !elocit+ and ?inematic !iscosit+, (c relati!e ro"(hness, diameter and !iscosit+, (dnone of the abo!e#!iii The critical depth is the depth of flow at which /2 (a specific ener(+ is ma%im"m#(b the "nit dischar(e ) is minim"m (c specific ener(+ is minim"m# (d the @ro"den"mber is (reater than "nit+#i%The criticaldepth in a rectan("lar channelis (i!en b+ (a ()56(.60, (b()06(.6', (c ()56(.65, (d ()56(.65#% *pen channel flow is the one in which A (a closed cond"it is f"ll of flowin(li)"id(btheli)"idflowin(inaclosedcond"it hasafrees"rface, (cco!eredchannel flows f"ll "nder press"re# (d the solid bo"ndaries confinin( the flow areopen at top#%iH+dra"licall+efficient channel crosssectionisonewhich(ahastheminim"mh+dra"lic resistance# (b carries ma%im"mdischar(e "nder (i!encondition of slope, ro"(hness and flow area (c has the ma%im"m possible slopeconsistent with the topo(raph+ (d has the ma%im"m wetted perimeter%ii Re+noldBs n"mber is defined as the ratio of (a inertia force to (ra!it+ force (b!isco"s force to elastic force(c !isco"s force to (ra!it+ force (d) inertia force to !isco"sforce%iii Head lost in friction is (o!erned b+ (a Darc+Bs law (c Che=+Bs law (d @ro"deCs Law(e-one of these%i! @lowthro"(hapipetaDesplace d"eto2(a difference ofpress"rebetweendifferentsections of the pipeline,(b downward slope of the pipeline (c both (a and (b); (d noneof the abo!e%!Loss d"e to friction is treated as2 (a minor loss (b maEor loss (cmoderate loss(d) minim"m loss%!i @riction loss thro"(h a pipe flow indicates(aloss of head d"e to static coefficient offriction (b loss of head d"e to d+namic coefficient of friction (c loss of head d"e tos"rface hardness# (d loss of flow rate d"e to s"rface hardness of the pipe%!ii $inor losses in a pipe flow are those losses (a which can be ne(lected safel+ (b whichare ca"sed b+ frictional resistance (c which are ca"sed b+ local dist"rbances d"e to pipe fittin(s (d none of the abo!e#%!iii In a pipe of "niform diameter loss of head at e%it is (atwice that at inlet (b fo"r times that at inlet(cone2half at inlet (d same as that at inlet%i% The H#F#L# is/ a !elocit+ head below T#G#L# (b alwa+s slopin( downward in the direction of flow (c sometimes abo!e the T#G#L# (d !elocit+ head abo!e the T#G#L#%%T#G#L# indicates/ a onl+ dat"m head (b onl+ press"re head(ctotal head(d one of the abo!e#%%i StoDe is the "nit of2 (a !iscosit+ (b mass densit+(c Dinematic !iscosit+ (d none%%ii S"rfacetensionof li)"id(a increaseswitharea(b decreaseswithtemperat"re(cincreases with temperat"re (d none of the abo!e#%%iii S"rface tension has the "nits of (a force per "nit area (b force per "nit len(th (c forceper "nit !ol"me (d none of the abo!e%%i! Thepoint of applicationof res"ltant press"reonthes"rfaceis2(a centreofpress"re(bintensit+ of press"re (c centroid (d)none of these%%!HH Thecentreof press"realwa+s actsthecentreof (ra!it+of theimmerseds"rface#22(a abo!e (b) at (c below (d)canBt sa+%%!i A press"re of .1m of head of oil (specific (ra!it+ 1#4' is e)"al to (a) 4554' D-6m0(b)45#54' D-6m0(c 455#4' D-6m0(d) 4#554' D-6m0%%!ii 7ie=ometer cannot be"sedtomeas"re (a ne(ati!epress"re(b press"reof a(as (c press"re of a li)"id# (d both a I b%%!iii 7ei=ometer is s"itable for meas"rin((a !er+ low press"re of a li)"id(b moderatepress"re of a li)"id(c !er+ hi(h press"re of a li)"id (dnone%%i% $anometeriss"itableformeas"rin((a onl+lowpress"re (bbothhi(handlowpress"re(c onl+ hi(h press"re(d onl+ ne(ati!e press"re%%% Differential manometer is"sedtomeas"re(a differenceof press"rebetweentwopipes (bdifference of press"re between two points in the same pipeline(cdifferenceof press"reheadbetweentwopipelinespro!idedthe+containthesame li)"id(dall of the abo!eGROUP-A0 A differential manometer connected at the two points A and < in a pipe containin( an oil ofspecific(ra!it+ 1#4, shows a difference in merc"i+ le!els as .01mm# Determine the difference in press"res at the two points in terms of head of water and (m6cm0# 2.15 >rite short notes on an+ fo"r with labelled sDetches where it is necessar+ of the followin( 2(a !ena contracta, (b coefficient of !elocit+, (c coefficient of dischar(e, (d *rifice meter, (e 7itot T"be, (f ;ent"rimeter# 2.1& >ater flows o!er a rectan("lar weir .#'m wide at a depth of 01cm and afterwords passes thro"(h a trian("lar ri(ht an(led weir# @ind the depth of water thro"(h the trian("lar weir# Dischar(e coefficients for the rectan("lar and trian("lar weirs are 1#J0 and 1#'3 respecti!el+#2.1' >rite short notes on an+ fo"r of the followin( 2 (a H+dra"lic (radient lines for flow thro"(h pipes, (bH+dra"lic mean depth, (c ?"tterBs form"la, (d C;R (critical !elocit+ ratio, (e Critical!elocit+, (f s"b2critical flow#0#' K&J >ater flows at the rate of .1J cm56sec alon( a rectan("lar section of .#L'm width# Calc"late critical depth# @inal whether h+dra"lic E"mp will occ"r if the "pstream depth of water is 0' cm# >hat wo"ld be rise in water le!el and power lost if h+dra"lic E"mp occ"rsM2.1L A circ"lar plate of diameter 5m is immersed in water in s"ch a wa+ that its least and (reater depth from the free s"rface of water are .m and 5m respecti!el+ # @ind (i total force e%erted b+ water, (ii the positionto centre of press"re#2.14 (i >hat is Re+nolds -o# (ii Define Absol"te press"re I (a"(e press"re# (iii @ind the Dinematics !iscosit+ of a fl"id ha!in( specific (ra!it+ .#0 and !iscosit+ 'c720:&:&3 A head of water o!er anorifice of diameter .11mm is 'm# The water comin( o"t fromorifice is collectedin a circ"lar tanD of diameter 0m# The rise of water le!el in circ"lar tanDis1#&'min51sec#Alsotheco2ordinateof acertainpoint ontheEet ,meas"redfrom;enacontracta are .11cm hori=ontal '#0cm !ertical# @ind the h+dra"lic co2efficients#22.1.1 A Hori=ontal ;ent"rimeter with inlet diameter 51cm and throat diameter .'cm is "sed tomeas"re the flow of an oil of sp# Fr# 1#4 # The dischar(e thro"(h ;ent"rimeter is '1lts6sec#@ind the difference ofH(le!el #TaDe Cd 81#34#2 222.1HYDRAULICSTime Allowed: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75Answer to Question No.1 is compulsory and to be answered first, This answer is to be made in separateloose script(s pro!ided for the p"rpose# $a%im"m time allowed is &' min"tes, after which the loose answerscripts will be collected and fresh answer scripts for answerin( the remainin( part of the )"estion will be pro!ided#*n earl+ s"bmission of answer scripts of ,"estion -o#.,a st"dent will (et the remainin( script earlier#Question No.1 is compulsory #Answer any five from Group-A,Q.1.) i. Choose the correct answer from the (i!en alternati!es (an+ twent+/ .%0'ii. Ideal fl"idisonewhichisA(a# Compressible, possess!iscosit+ands"rfacetension(b#Incompressible and has no !iscosit+ and s"rface tension (c# Compressible, has no !iscosit+and s"rface tension (d# all the abo!eiii. In -ewtonian fl"id,shearstressis(adirectl+proportional to!elocit+(radient (bin!ersel+proportional to !elocit+ (radient(c e)"al to !elocit+ (radient (d noneiv. 7rintersinDisat+peof 2(a -ewtonianfl"id(beisbach form"la for head loss d"e to friction I its prob# Disc"ss *rificemeter# 22(5:5:&3# Desi(n an irri(ation canal with followin( data (. Dischar(e of the canal 8 0&c"mec#7ermissible mean !elocit+ 8 1#41 m6s#(0