model project on improved rice mill11

7/30/2019 Model Project on Improved Rice Mill11

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ESTABLISH A RICE MLL IN JANJGIR

DISHA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY Page 1

CHAPTER-1


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MODEL PROJECT ON IMPROVED RICE MILL


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Introduction:

Rice is the staple food for 65% of the population in India. It is the largest consumed calorie

source among the food grains. With a per capita availability of 73.8 kg it meets 31% of the total

calorie requirement of the population.India is the second largest producer of rice in the world

next to China. The all India area, production, and yield of rice in the year 2001-02 was 44.62

million hectares, 93.08 million tonnes and 2086 kg/ ha respectively. In India paddy occupies the

first place both in area and production. The crop occupies about 37 % of the total cropped area

and 44% (2001-02 position ) of total production of food grains in India. West Bengal is the

leading producer of paddy in the country. It accounts for 16.39% of the total production, and the

other leading states are Uttar Pradesh (13.38%), Andhra Pradesh (12.24%), Punjab (9.47%),

Orissa (7.68%) and Tamil Nadu (7.38%); the remaining states account for 33.45% of the

production. India is also one of the leading exporters of rice in the world market. India's export

of rice stood at 23.89 lakh MT in 1997-98. The corresponding value of foreign exchange earned

was to the tune of Rs. 3371.00 crore in 1997-98. Indian Basmati Rice has been a favorite among

international rice buyers. Following liberalization of international trade after World Trade

Agreement, Indian rice will become highly competitive and has been identified as one of the

major commodities for export. This provides us with ample opportunity for development of rice

based value-added products for earning more foreign exchange. Apart from rice milling,

processing of rice bran for oil extraction is also an important agro processing activity for value

addition, income and employment generation.

Many of the rice processing units are of the traditional huller type and are inefficient. Modern

rice mills are having high capacity and are capital intensive, although efficient. Small modern

rice mills have been developed and are available in the market but the lack of information is a

bottleneck in its adoption by the prospective entrepreneur. The present model will go a long way

in bridging the information gap.


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Description of Rice Milling Operation:

Paddy in its raw form cannot be consumed by human beings. It needs to be suitably processed

for obtaining rice. Rice milling is the process which helps in removal of hulls and barns from

paddy grains to produce polished rice. Rice forms the basic primary processed product obtained

from paddy and this is further processed for obtaining various secondary and tertiary products.

The basic rice milling processes consist of:

Process Definition

1. Pre Cleaning : Removing all impurities and unfilled grains from paddy

2. De-stoning : Separating small stones from paddy

3. Parboiling (Optional) : Helps in improving the nutritional quality by gelatinization of starch

inside the rice grain. It improves the milling recovery percent during deshelling and polishing /

whitening operation 4. Husking : Removing husk from paddy

5. Husk Aspiration : Separating the husk from brown rice/ unhusked paddy

6. Paddy Separation : Separating the unhusked paddy from brown rice

7. Whitening : Removing all or part of the bran layer and germ from brown rice

8. Polishing : Improving the appearance of milled rice by removing the remaining bran particles

and by polishing the exterior of the milled kernel

9. Length Grading : Separating small and large brokens from head rice

10. Blending : Mixing head rice with predetermined amount of brokens, as required by the

customer

11. Weighing and bagging : Preparing the milled rice for transport to the customer

The flow diagram of the various unit operations are as follows:


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Status of Rice Milling Units in India:

Rice milling is the oldest and the largest agro processing industry of the country. At present ithas a turn over of more than 25,500/- crore per annum. It processes about 85 million tonnes of

paddy per year and provides staple food grain and other valuable products required by over 60%

of the population. Paddy grain is milled either in raw condition or after par-boiling, mostly by

single hullers of which over 82,000 are registered in the country. Apart from it there are also a

large number of unregistered single hulling units in the country. A good number (60 %) of these

are also linked with par-boiling units and sun -drying yards. Most of the tiny hullers of about

250-300 kg/hr capacities are employed for custom milling of paddy. Apart from it double hulling

units number over 2,600 units, underrun disc shellers cum cone polishers numbering 5,000 units

and rubber roll shellers cum friction polishers numbering over 10,000 units are also present in

the country. Further over the years there has been a steady growth of improved rice mills in the

country. Most of these have capacities ranging from 2 tonnes /hr to 10 tonnes/ hr.

Need for improved rice mills:

The recovery of whole grains in a traditional rice mill using steel hullers for dehusking is around

52-54%. There is excessive loss in the form of coarse and fine brokens. Further loss of large

portion of endosperm layers during the dehusking operation further accentuates the problem.

Against it, the recovery percent of whole grains in modern rice mills using rubber roll shellers

for dehusking operation is around 62-64%. The whole grain recovery percent further increases to

66-68% in case of milling of parboiled paddy. Thus it can be seen that there is an overall

improvement of recovery of whole grains by about 10-14% if one uses rubber roll shellers for

rice milling operations. The conversion ratio ( i.e. recovery % of various final product and

byproduct for every 100 kg feed of raw paddy) for these improved rice mills are can be as

follows:


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1. Percent of milled rice : 62-68%

2. Percent of rice bran : 4-5%

3. Percent of rice husk : 25%

4. Percent of germ wastages : 2%-8%

It has been observed that dehusking using rubber roll shellers reduces the risk of breaking the

grain because husk is pulled off almost at once and pressure is applied by means of resilient

surfaces across the width of the grain, where kernels, generally are much more uniform than they

are by length. Moreover, the process does not remove the internal epidermis of the husk. Thus

the deshelled grains with their silver skin envelope are protected against scratches and keeplonger and better while the silver skin and the germ increases the quantity of bran which is

produced while whitening. The improved rice mills have a better husk and rice bran aspiration

system. The same prevents mixing of fine brokens with rice bran. Therefore the quality of rice

bran obtained is better.

It has also been observed that the location of rice mills are confined to a few selected production

centres. Their development as a village level agro processing unit is yet to take a proper shape. In

the absence of village level rice milling unit, the farmers have to travel great distances for

milling the rice. This leads to increased transportation and handling losses. Thus there is a need

to develop improved rice mills as a village level agro processing unit for bringing about technical

upgradation and development of the sector. Value addition and generation of gainful and

sustainable employment opportunities are the other possible benefits arising out of this agro

processing industry.

The Central Govt. is also providing a big boost towards the development of this industry. It has

since repealed w.e.f. May 27, 1998 the Rice Milling Industry (Regulation) Act, 1958 and Rice

Milling Industry (Regulation and licensing) Rules , 1959. Further, rice milling sector which was

earlier reserved for the small scale sector, have now been dereserved. As such, no license/

permission is now required for setting up a rice mill.


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CHAPTER-2

INVESTMENT


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Investment components of an improved rice mill:

The various investment components are as follows:

Land, layout plan and site development requirement:

The land requirement for establishing an improved rice milling unit will depend upon

1. Whether the unit will be using a parboiling unit for pre-treatment of paddy before

commencement of milling operation or it will be directly milling raw paddy.

2. Whether a single pass or a multipass milling unit is to be installed.

Generally 2.00 to 2.50 acre of land is required for establishing an improved rice milling unit

having an installed processing capacity of 2 MT/ hr; operating for single shift / day of 8 hr

duration; 300 days per annum; i.e. 4800 MT /annum. The land should be with proper elevation.

Low lying areas should be avoided. Else proper land filling, compaction and consolidation

should be done. Drainage and linkages with road and other communication should also be

ensured. The layout of the rice milling plant should be done in a manner that helps in smooth

operation of various unit operations in tandem to bring about optimal capacity utilization and

economizing power consumption. The tentative cost of land and land development charges for

the model project has been considered at Rs. 5.00 Lakh ( Rs. 3.75 Lakh being the cost of the land

@ Rs. 1.50 Lakh per acre for 2.50 acre and the remaining Rs. 1.25 Lakh being the cost for site

development such as construction of boundary wall, internal roads and drainage system etc.)


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Civil construction:

The various construction requirement of an improved rice milling unit are as follows:

1. Raw paddy godown

2. Cleaning unit

3. Drier and necessary supporting structures such as, boiler /blower system etc.

4. Milling section

5. Finished product stores

6. Machine rooms

7. Auxiliary structures such as office, watch and ward etc.

The size and civil cost of these structures depend on the production capacity of the project . The

tentative civil structures and estimated cost are as follows:


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Civil Structures

(Amt. Rs.)

S.No. Item Size / Specifications Unit Cost Total Cost

1 Raw paddy godown- RCC framed

superstructure with 10'' thick brick

walls, IPS flooring with damp proof

treatment with 1.62 kg DPC /sq.m of

floor area and base of the side walls,

roofing consisting of ACC sheets

affixed with J hooks, bolts and other

accessories to steel truss made of MS

angle of desired section

80' x 35' Rs. 300 / sq. ft 840000

2 Cleaning Shed - Similar to the raw

paddy godown

25' x 32' Rs. 300 / sq. ft 240000

3 Milling shed -RCC framed

superstructure with brick walls , IPS

flooring and roofing consisting of ACC

sheets affixed with J Hooks and nuts to

steel trusses made of MS angle of

desired section and strength bearing

capacity.

80' x 35' Rs. 300 / sq. ft 840000

4 Finished product or Milled rice storage

shed

30' x 35' Rs. 300 /sq.ft 315000

5 Machine shed - with masonry structure

with ACC sheet roofing on lean truss

40' x25' Rs. 300 /sq. ft 300000


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6 Auxiliary structures

A Office unit 10' x 15' Rs. 300 / sq. ft 45000

B Labor quarters 30 ' x 15' Rs. 300 / sq.ft 135000

C Machine Room for auxiliary machines

like blowers/ generator set etc.

40' x 15' Rs. 300 / sq.ft 180000

D Bore well and water connections L.S. 100000

E Sanitary and plumbing charges L.S. 50000

F Miscellaneous charges L.S. 50000

7 Total for Civil Construction Cost 3095000


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Technology:

It is better to use rubber roll shellers for dehusking of paddy in the unit for better performance.

Plant and machinery and electricals:

The details of the nature and type of plant and machinery, their capacity, power consumption,

level of automation varies upon the market needs, nature and type of the end products and the

investment capacity of the entrepreneur. Whenever paddy is required to be parboiled prior to

deshelling, a parboiling unit with steam boilers has to be installed by the milling unit. The same

will increase the P&M cost.

The details of plant and machinery for the rice milling unit are as follows:

1. Paddy cleaner

2. Rubber Roll Paddy Shellers

3. Paddy Separators

4. Blowers , Husk and Barn Aspirators

5. Paddy Polishers

6. Rice grader/ aspirator

7. Bucket Elevators


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Plant & Machinery

(Amt. Rs.)

S.No. Item and Description Total Cost

1 Raw paddy cleaner cum aspirator consisting of large aspiration ofdesired suction width fitted with double fans with necessary dampercontrols. The precleaner is also provided with a magnetic separator for

removing iron particles ( for avoiding damage to other machines in therice mill) feed hopper and other accessories viz. bearngs, block sockets,shafting pulley, holding bolt etc.

650,000

2 One rubber roll paddy sheller 98,000

3 Paddy Separator for separating undeshelled paddy from deshelled paddy. 45,000

4 Blowers, husk and barn aspirators for aspiration of light particles,

separating husks from dehusked kernels and for separating bran frommilled rice.

35,000

5 3 nos. of cone type paddy polishers of suitable capacity for polishing andwhitening rice grains to the desired degree

600,000

6 Rice grader/ aspirator for purification and grading of polished rice grains

and for separation of the fine brokens, coarse brokens from whole rice.

50,000

7 Bucket elevators for bulk transport and conveyance of raw paddy, milled

rice from 1 unit operation to another in a rice milling unit

90,000

8 Electricals (AC-3 phase induction motors for each of the machine, DOLstarters, control panel, internal wiring and lighting)

250,000

9 Subtotal 1,818,000

10 Insurance , freight, erection and commissioning charges @20% of the

subtotal

363,600

11 Total 2,181,600

The specifications and capacity of the various equipment has to be judged properly for deciding

upon their cost and appropriateness for the rice milling unit.


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Electrical and other items:

The tentative power requirement for various equipment for the rice milling unit is as follows:

Electricals

S.No. Equipment Electric Motor (HP)

1 Paddy cleaner 5

2 Rubber Roll Paddy Shellers 15

3 Paddy Separators 5

4 Blowers , Husk and Barn Aspirators 7.5

5 Paddy Polishers ( 3 nos. in series each with 15

Hp motor)

45

6 Rice grader/ aspirator 5

7 Bucket Elevators 7.5

8 Internals 10

9 Subtotal 100

A provision of Rs. 2.50 lakh has been considered towards electrical and internal lighting

purpose. Since each of the machine used for undertaking various rice processing operations is

provided with it own independent power source (AC-3 phase induction motor), the cost of

electrical motors have been included as part of the plant and machinery cost.

Miscellaneous fixed assets:

A provision of Rs. 2.00 Lakh under miscellaneous fixed assets has been considered for meetingthe expenses for office furniture, fixtures, steel ladders and platforms for cleaning of machines,

fire fighting arrangements etc.


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CHAPTER-3

UTILITES


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Utilities:

Power:

The total power requirement for the model project will to the tune of 75 KW . The essentialpower requirement of the unit is about 90 HP and accordingly suitable standby generator

provision is made.

Water:

Water is required for parboiling and domestic comsumption purpose. Suitable arrangements for

continuos water supply of desired quality and quantity should be ensured while appraising the

proposal.

Standby diesel engines, generator sets and other utilities:

Suitable standby D.G. set is required to be installed in the unit. Thus for the project, a DG Set of

100 KVA capacity with a cost of Rs. 3.75 lakh has been considered. However, it is an optional

item and the need is to be assessed depending upon the power supply position in the area.

Contingencies:

A 5% contingency provision may be made for the unforseen expenses.

Organizational setup:

The unit may require a plant supervisor, one accountant cum store keeper, three machine

operators, one peon and two security staff. Apart from this, three skilled workers and twelve

unskilled workers may be required for managing the day to day operation of the unit. Depending

upon the size of the unit, the manpower requirement may be modified.

Insurance:

The rice milling units should go in for adequate insurance to cover the fixed assets and stocks.


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Eligibility of borrowers:

The borrowers can be proprietary and partnership firms, cooperatives, joint stock companies,

corporations, APMC board, growers associations, NGOs etc.

Repayment:

The repayment schedule has been calculated considering the tenure of the term loan to be 9 years

inclusive of a grace period of 2 years. However, banks are free to decide upon the repayment

schedule depending upon the net cash flow assessed.

Interest rate for ultimate borrowers:

Banks are free to decide the rate of interest within the overall RBI Guidelines. However, for

working out the financial viability and bankability of the model project we have assumed the rate

of interest as 12% p.a.

Interest rate for refinance from NABARD:

As per the circulars of NABARD issued from time to time.

Security:

Banks may take a decision as per RBI Guidelines

Results of financial analysis are as under:

The financial analysis of the investment on an improved rice mill having an installed capacity of

4800 MT/ annum has been attempted and is placed from Annexures I to VII. The project has a

margin money component of 25% with the rate of interest on term loan and working capital as12% p.a. and 13% p.a. respectively. For this project, the financial indicators of the investment

are as under:

Net Present Value @ 15% DF (NPW) = Rs. 34.14 lakh


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Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 28.22%

Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) = 1.03:1

Average Debt Service coverage Ratio (DSCR) = 1.64:1

Annexures
http://planning.up.nic.in/innovations/inno3/ae/rice_annexure.htmhttp://planning.up.nic.in/innovations/inno3/ae/rice_annexure.htmhttp://planning.up.nic.in/innovations/inno3/ae/rice_annexure.htm


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CHAPTER-4

MINI RICE MILL


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MINI RICE MILL

1. INTRODUCTION

India is the second largest producer of rice in the world. The major portion of the paddy is being

processed through hullers. The hullers are usually low capacity mills. In these hullers, both

shelling and polishing operations are carried out simultaneously. Hence, there is no control on

the polishing of rice, bran adn a higher breakage of rice occurs. To overcome all these a mini rice

mill was designed to meet the needs of the villagers and a substitute for a huller mill, to get

polished rice, rice bran and paddy husk.

2. MARKET

Rice being the staple food of majority population, no problem is envisaged in arketing. Besides,

the mill can be utilised as a service unit for custom milling. It also noticed the tribals are going

for long distance to convert paddy to rice for domestic consumption. Thus, there exists demand

for non-trading rice mill in some important centres.

3. MANUFACTURING PROCESS

The mini rice mill consists of a paddy cleaner, sheller, separator and a polisher. The most

important feature of the mill is that the shelling and polishing are kept separate. Because of the

low capacity, a centrifugal sheller is most commonly employed. Different units could be used as

polisher. For maximum advantage, it is necessary also to use a paddy separator, whereby need of

a high polish can be avoided thus avoiding unnecessary loss of rice


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4. PRODUCTION CAPACITY PER ANNUM

Sale of rice, husk, bran Rs. 1600000 per annum

5. PROJECT COST/CAPITAL INVESTMENT

S.No. Description Amount Rs.

1) Fixed Capital 450000

2) Working Capital for 1 month(s) 109700

3) Preliminary & Preoperative Expanse 5000

Total Project Cost 564700

6. MEANS OF FINANCE

S.No Description %age Amount Rs.

1 Promoter Contribution 15% 84705

2 Subsidy/Soft Loan 20% 112940

3 Term Loan 65% 367055

Total 564700


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7. FINANCIAL ASPECTS

A. FIXED CAPITAL

i. Land and Buildings

Land Rs.50000

Buildings Rs. 200000

ii. Machinery and Equipment

S.No Description Qty. Rate Amount Rs.

1 Total plant and machinery LS 200000

Total 200000

B. WORKING CAPITAL

i. Salaries & Wages (per month)

S.No Description Nos Sal/mon. Amount Rs.1 Supervisor/Entrepreneur 1 2500 2500

2 Skilled worker 1 2000 2000

3 Unskilled worker 1 1500 1500

Total 6000

ii. Raw Material (per month)

S.No Description Unit Qty. Rate Amount Rs.

1 Paddy tons 1 LS 100000

Total 100000


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iii. Utilities (per month)

S.No Description Unit Amount Rs.

1 Power LS 1000

2 Water LS 200

Total 1200

iv. Other Expenses (per month)


1) Postage, Telephones & Stationery Expenses 200

2) Transportation & Conveyance Expenses 1000

3) Consumeble Stores 300

4) Reparis and Maintenance Expenses 500

5) Miscellaneous Expenses 500

Total 2500

V. Total Working Capital (per month)


1) Salaries and Wages 6000

2) Raw Material 100000

3) Utilities 1200

4) Other Expenses 2500Total 109700


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8. COST OF PRODUCTION (PER ANNUM)


1) Total Working Capital 1316400

2) Depreciation

- Buildings 5% 10000

- Plant and machinery 15% 30000

3) Interest on term loan @ 12% 44047

Total 1400447

9. TURNOVER (PER YEAR)

S.No Description Qty. Rate Amount Rs.

1 Sale of rice, husk, bran LS 1600000 1600000

Total 1600000

10.FIXED COST (PER YEAR)


1) Depreciation 40000

2) Interest 44047

3) Salaries & Wages @ 40% 28800

4) Other Expenses incl. Utilities @ 40% 17760

Total 130607

11.PROFIT ANALYSIS & RATIOS

1 Net Profit Rs. 199553

2 Percentage of Profit on Sales 12%

3 Percentage of Return on Investment 35%

4 Break Even Point 40%


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CHAPTER-5


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RESEARCH MATHODOLOGY

RESEARCH

Research seeks answer to certain questions which have not been answered so for & which

detained upon human efforts research answers only those question, of which the answer can be

given on the basic of cevailabic facilities.

It is simply the process of arriving of dependable solution to problem through the planed &

systematic collection , analysis & interpretation of data it is the most important process for

advancing knowledge for promoting progress & to enable man to relate more effectively to his

environment to accomplish his purpose & to resolve his conflict. It is one of the more effective

ways of solving scientific problems.

Research is devoted to find the condition under which a certain phenomena occurs & the

condition under which it does not occurs in similar circumstances. The research consist of words

Re + search, Re means again & search means to find out something new. Thus research is a

process of which a person observes the phenomena again & again & collects the data & on the

basic of data he draws conclusions. This is clear by following.

Observes Collection data

Person Phenomenon Conclusion

Again & again analysis of dada

This research menace to observe the phenomena again & again from different dimensions. For

example one finds many theories of learning due to the observation from diff dimensions.

Research is oriented towards the discovery of relationship that exists among different phenomena

of the world. Research is based on the fundamental assumption that invariant relationship exist

between contain antecedents and certain consequents can be expected to follow the introduction

or given antecedent.


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3.1.1 DEFINITION

According to R. Rusk: -

Research is a point of view, an altitude of inequity of frame of mind.

According to C. Francies Rummel:-

Research is an endeavourer to discover, develop and verify knowledge, it is an intellectual

process that has developed hundreds of years, ever changing in purpose & form & always

searching for truth.

According to Fames Harvey Robinson

Research is but diligent search which enjoys am high flavor or primitive hunting

According to P.M.Cook:-

Research is on honest: - Exhaustive, intelligent searching for facts and their meaning or

implications with reference to a given problem. The product or findings of a green piece of

research should be an authentic, verifiable & contribution to knowledge in the field studied


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METHODOLOGY

Survey method was adopted to collect data structured questionnaire was prepared for respondent

to ensure accurate response. Since question are formulated in advanced, the required in an

orderly & systematic manner.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

WebStar has defined methodology as the science of method or arrangement this is not a

useful definition. Method is as orderlies or regularity or habitual practice of them in action. By

placing stress on arrangement orderliness regularity & habitual practice, the methodologies

derive their substance essentially from the classically idea controlled experiments which

permeates in the literature of of educational research or the type of inquiry. Research methodinvolves systematic procedures starting from in initial identification of the problem to its final

conclusion. Its role is doing carry a research works in a scientific & wailed manner. It provides

tools & techniques for conducting a study. It is of little value unless used properly. Proper use

must be learnt by the research or it involves such general activities as identifying problems,

review of the literature, formulating hypotheses, procedure for testing hypotheses, measurement,

data collection , analysis of data, interpreting results & drawing conclusions. Thus, it consists of

all general & specific activities of research. Mastery in it enhances understanding of the research

activities. Thus, research design & methodology have the identical meaning of mapping strategy

of research.


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3.1.2 RESEARCH PROCESSIN FLOW CHART

Where F = Feedback (help in controlling the subsystem to which it is transmitted.)

Where FF = feed forward (serves the vital function of providing criteria for evaluation.)

Define Research

ProblemI

IIReview Previous

Research Findings

Review Concepts &

Theories

IIIFormulated HypothesisFF

FF

IVDesign Research (Sampling Design)

VData Collection (Executive)F

Data Analysis (Test Hypothesis)

F

VIIInterpreted Report


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(1)OBJECTIVE

1- Opportunity of rice mill in janjgir district.

2- Legal requirement for establishment of rice mill.

3- Availability of raw material for rice mill in janjgir district.

4- Cost /expenditure incurred for establishment of rice mill.

5- Information of machine and technology require for rice mill

6- Man power requirement for rice mill.

7- Competition of rice mill in janjgir district.

8- Time and money requirement establishment of rice mill.

9- To know license procedure for open rice mil.

(2)RESERCH DESIGNThe type of research design is exploratory or formulates research study, because the major

emphasis in such studies is the discovery of the idea & though knowledge the method of design

is experience survey, because it provides opportunity of survey of experience research problem.

(3)PURPOSE OF SAMPLINGESampling is an only total which helps to know the characteristics of population by examining by

only a smart part of its. The law of statistical regularity says a moderately large no. of its items

chosen at random from a large group is almost sure on the average posses the characteristics of

large group.

(4)Sample Design:-For doing this survey, the sampling technique used for this is convince sampling technique.


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(5)Size of the sample:-

The appropriate sample for a study may be defined as that sample which fulfills the requirement

of efficiency, representativeness, reliability and flexibility that is the sample must be sample

enough to avoid sample error beyond the limit of tolerance. The sample should yield the

information with the required label of reliability at minimum cost.

(6)Segmentation:-

The whole janjgir region was divided into various different areas for the purpose of data

collection..

NAME OF REGION

AKALTARA

SHAKTI

JANJGIR

PAMGARH

MALKHARODA

BAMNINDIH

CHAMPA

BIRRA

BALODA


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TYPES OF RESEARCH

1. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH: -

It includes surveys and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds. The main purpose of

descriptive research is description of the state of affairs, as it exists at present.

2. ANALYTICAL RESEARCH: -

Analytical research has to use facts or information already available and analyze these to

make a critical evaluation of the material.

3. APPLIED RESEARCH: -

Applied research aims at finding solution for an immediate problem facing a society or an

industrial/business organization

The certain aim of applied research is to discover a solution for some pressing practical

problem.

4. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH: -

It is mainly concerned with generalization and with the formulation of a theory. Basic

research is directed towards finding information that has abroad base of application and adds

to the already existing organized body of scientific knowledge.

5. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH: -

That can be expressed in terms it is based on the measurement of quantity or amount. It is

application to phenomena that can be expressed in terms of quantity

Of quantity.


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6. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: -

It is concerned with qualitative phenomenon that is phenomenon relating to or involving

quality or kind.

7. CONCEPTUAL RESEARCH: -

Conceptual research is that related to some abstract ideas or theory. Philosophers and

thinkers to develop new concept or to reinterpret existing once generally use it.

8. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH: -

Empirical research relies on experience or observation alone, often without due regard for

system and theory. It is database research, coming up with conclusions, which are capable of

being verified, by observation or experiment.

STEP INVOLVE IN RESEARCH PROCESS

1.Problem Definition:-First step in research process is problem definition firstly define problem.

2.Research Design:The type are research design is exploratory or formulate research study because the

major emphasis in such studies is on the discovery or ideas & though knowledge the

method of design is experience surveys, because it provides opportunity of survey of

experience research problem.

3.Field Work: -After research has finalized the problem definition & research design, he goes for

collection of data called the fieldwork. He may face number of problems during the

fieldwork.


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4. Data analysis & Interpretation:-

Data analysis & interpretation is carried out is extract meaning full information from in

data collected conclusions are derived.

5. Report Sanitation:-

After analysis & interpretation to data is presented in a systematically typed or printed

from.


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3.1.4 COLLECTION OF DATA

1. Primary

2. Secondary

3. Sources of data

1. Sources of primary data

A. Direct observation

B. Questionnaire

C. Schedule

D. Interview

2. Sources of Secondary data:-

A. Published Sources

a. International parboil

b. Grover parboil

c. Report of Commission & Connive

d. Semi Government parboil

e. Commercial, Research, Educational Institution, organization, etc.

f. News paper magazine & letter to editor.

B. Unpolished Sources:

a. Personal records

b. Official records

c. Other Severely

Many other Sources like film T.V. Radio, Public Spume etc. some or the important Sources or

info.


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SOURCES OF DATA

Primary data

I have collected Primary data during the course doing experiment in an experimental research.

But in case, I have done research for the descriptive type and perform survey then, I can obtain

primary data through observation or through direct communication with respondent in one from

another or through or personal interview.

Secondary Data

Secondary data means data that are already available i.e. the data, which have already been

collected, and analyzed by someone else. When the researchers utilizes secondary data he to look

where he can obtain then this data may either we publish. Usually published data are available in

various publications.


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CHAPTER-6


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Survey findings

Survey of tourists

As part of study, a major project on establishment of rice mill in janjgir was undertaken. In survey

interviewed 15 rice mill in janjgir dist. During the field visit, it was observed that the rice miller purchase

paddy from government and processing than again rice send to the government. The responses from

the field survey have been discussed below:

Rice miller

Q.1-> Demographic profile.

Figure: Demographic profile

Fig-6.1

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we analyzed that the age of entrepreneur (rice mill)are- 15-24 2%, 25-

34 13%, 35-4425%, 44-54325, 55-64 23%maximmum is 32% which is 44-54.

15-24 years

2% 25-34years

13%

35-44 years

25%

44-54 years

32%

55-64 years

23%

65-75

5%


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Q.2-> From how long you are in this business/how much old is your rice mill?

Fig-6.2

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that the how much old rice mill in janjgir district - 01-

05 20%, 05-10 32%, 10-20 29%, 20-30 20%, more than 30 year is 6%. maximmum is 32%

which is 05-10 year.

13%

32%

29%

20%

6%

how much old is your rice mill?

01-05 year 05-10 year 10-20year 20-30 year more than 30


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Q.3-> How much time you require to establish this rice mill?

Fig-6.3

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed tha How much time is require to establish the rice

mill are- 00-01 year 20%, 01-02 year 60%, 02-03 year -10%, 03-04 year 8%, more than 4 year is

2%, maximmum is 60% which is 01-02.

20%

60%

10%

8%

2%

How much time you require to establish this rice mill?

00-01 year 01-02 year 02-03year 03-04 year more than 4


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Q.4-> What is the capacity of your rice mill?

Fig-6.4

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that the What is the capacity of your rice mill in

janjgir region - are- 01ton-8%, 2 ton-36%, 3 ton-31%, 4ton-16%, more than 4 ton 9%

maximmum is 36% which is 2 ton.

8%

36%

31%

16%

9%

What is the capacity of your rice mill?

01 ton 02 ton 03 ton 04 ton more than 4


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Q.5-> How much land you require to established this rice mill?

Fig-6.5

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that, How much rice miller require to established the

rice mill injanjgir district are- >1acre 25%, 01-02 acre 60%, 02- 03 15%, 03-04- 0%, more than 4

acre 0%maximmum is 60% which is 01-02 acre.

25%

60%

15%

0% 0%

How much land you require to established this rice mill?

>01 acre 01-02 acre 02-03 acre 03-04 acre more than 4


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Q.6-> How much money or capital you require to establish this rice mill?

Fig-6.6

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that How much money or capital rice miller require to

establish this rice mill in janjgir district are- >5 lac 5%, 06-15 lac 8%, 16-30 15%, 31-50 lac

35%, more than 50 lac 37%maximmum is 37% which is more than 50 lac.

5%8%

15%

35%

37%

How much money or capital you require to establish this

rice mill?>05 lac 06-15 lac 16-30 lac 31-50 lac more than 50


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Q.7-> How much human power you require for run your rice mill?

Fig-6.7

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that the How much human power rice miller require

for run rice mill are- 01-05 19%, 06-10 37%, 11-15 28%, 15-20 12%, more than 20

4%maximmum is 37% which is 06-10 human being.

19%

37%

28%

12%

4%

How much human power you require for run your rice mill?

01-05 person 06-10 persom 11-15 person 15-20 person more than 20


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Q.8-> From where you collect/purchase the paddy/grain?

Fig-6.8

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that the From where rice miller

collect/purchase the paddy/grain for run rice mill in janjgir district are from- goverment

73%, from broker 10%, from former 6%, from import 0%, from retail shop 11%,

maximmum is 73% which is from govrment.

73%

10%

6%

0% 11%

From where you collect/purchase the paddy/grain?

government broker former import retail shop


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Q.9-> Do you daily achieve your processing target (output)?

Fig-6.9

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that the rice miller daily achieve there

processing target (output) or not are- yes 88%, no 12%, maximmum is 88% which

is no.

yes

88%

no

12%


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Q.10-> What kind of logistic you use for supply your product?

Fig-6.10

INTERPRETATION:-

From the above pie chart we can analyzed that the What kind of logistic you used by rice

miller for supply there product are- road 82%, train 4%, by road and train 14%,

maximmum is 82% which is by road.

82%

4%

14%

mode of transport

road train train/road


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CHAPTER-7


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CONCLUSION

Janjagir district is come under the Chhattisgarh state, and Chhattisgarh is famous for produce paddy.

Chhattisgarh paddy is vary popular in India and also export to other country. Because of Chhattisgarh

government policy to provide rice in 1 rs. 2 rs to bellow poverty line people the consumption of rice,

paddy is high and government need to process the paddy because they provide rice to BPL people.

Thats why in Chhattisgarh there is no any problem regarding the raw material for the rice mill it is easily

available. And in janjgir champa because of new district the no of rice mill is less compare than the other

district.and it is also centr of Chhattisgarh. So there there is big opportunity for rice mill.


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CHAPTER-8


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1. Search new market

2. Use new and latest technology

3. Increase the capacity

4. Purchase raw material from other sources also

5. Government should make awareness program for promote rice mill.

6. Also sell finished good in packed to retailer.

7. Export the finished goods


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CHAPTER-9


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REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY-

Kotlar Philip, Marketing Management, New Delhi, Pearson Education

(P) Ltd., Indian Branch, 2004.

Kothari C.R., research Methodology, New Delhi, New Age International

(P) Ltd.

WEBLIOGRAPHY-

Seven step of consumer satisfaction(2006), available at www.customermath.com

Research methodology(2005), available at www.wiziq.com

Step involve in research process(2008), available at www.indianmba.com


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CHAPTER-10

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR FORMER


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Questionnaire for former, to establishment of rice mill in janjgir district.

1 Name of the

Respondent

State of

origin

Contact no.

2 Demographic profile

Sex Male Female

Age 10-20 years 21-30years

31-40 years 41-50 years

50-60 years Above 60 years

Occupation Professionals Job(gov. private)

Entrepreneur, business Agriculture

3 How much land youuse for agriculture

/cultivating crop?

01-05 acre 05-10 acre

10-20 acre 20-30 acre

More than 30 acre (please specify)

4 Which grain you

cultivate in your

land?

Paddy Pulses

Wheat

Other (please specify)

5 How many timesyou cultivate this

crop in a year?

1 time 2 time

3 time 4 time


6 How much crop.

Paddy you sell inmarket every year?

Paddy Pulses

Wheat


7 Where you sell your

crop/ what Is yourpreference?

Mandi Broker

Retail shop Rice mill


8 How for market is,

where you sell your

crop/paddy product?

> 5 km. 58 km

915 km 1620 km

More than 20 km.(please specify)


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Date Name and signature of the investigator

9 Aare you satisfied

with the price and

services which you

get from purchaser?

Yes No

10 If no, than what isyour expectation

from purchase?

11

Will you prefer mill

to sell your crop

paddy?

Yes No

12 If no , than why?


13 Suggestion for

improvement of the

rice mill

Date Name of interviewer(capital) -> SHUBHAM PANDEY


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QUESTIONNAIRE RICE MILLER

Questionnaire for former, to establishment of rice mill in janjgir district.

1 Name of the organization

& entrepreneur

State of

origin

Contact no.

2 Demographic profile

Sex Male Female

Age 15-25 years 21-30years


50-60 years Above 60 years

3 From how long you are in

this business/how much old

is your rice mill?



More than 30 acre (please specify)

4 How much time you require

to establish this rice mill?




5 What is the capacity of your

rice mill?

1 ton 2 ton

3 ton 4 ton


6 How much land you requireto established this rice mill?

>1 acre 1-2 acre

2-3acre 3-4 acre


7 How much money or capital

you require to establish this

rice mill?

> 5,00,000 6,00,000-15,00,000

16,00,000-30,00,000 30,00,000-50,00,000


8 What is working hour in aday in your rice mill?

> 5 hour 58 hour

915 hour 1620 hour

More than 20 hour.(please specify)

9 How much human power

you require for run your rice

mill?

5-10 10-15

15-20 20-25



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10 From where you purchase

machine and technology?

11 What is cost of machine andtechnology which you are

use?

12 Do you require technical

person to operate machine

and technology or rice mill?

Yes No

13 Q 11. What you do formaintained machine and

plant?14 What is interval for the

maintained or servicing of

your rice mill?

15 From where you

collect/purchase the

paddy/grain?

Government Former

Broker Retail shop

Import


16 Do you daily achieve your

processing target (output)?

Yes No

17 What is a processing cost for

(10 ton)?

19 How much working capital

you require to operate rice

mill?

19 Where you sell yourproduct?



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Date Name and signature of the investigator

20 Do you packed your product

in small packet or other kind

of packaging for selling in

retail shop?

21 What kind of logistic you usefor supply your product?


22 What about market

competitor?

23 Through which you sell yourproduct?

24 What kind of legal problem

you face to operate the

business ?

Any

suggestion

13 Suggestion for improvement of

the rice mill

Date Name of interviewer(capital) -> SHUBHAM PANDEY

model project on improved rice mill11

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