model lighting ordinance - welcome to...
TRANSCRIPT
IES/IDAModel Lighting
Ordinance
September 8, 2011NNECAPA Conference
November 2008November 2008
Premise: Excessive outdoor lighting• Wastes energy,• Impacts the comfort of neighbors,• Limits our enjoyment of the night sky, and• Negatively affects biological cycles of
humans, plants, and wildlife.
Overview of MLO
Developed under a Joint Agreement between IES and IDA.
Purpose:Purpose: The MLO is designed to aid The MLO is designed to aid municipalities in:municipalities in:
•• evaluating new and existing lighting evaluating new and existing lighting systems for energy use, systems for energy use, skyglowskyglow, and light , and light trespass,trespass,
•• maintaining consistency in exterior lighting maintaining consistency in exterior lighting applications, andapplications, and
•• enforcing building codes that pertain to enforcing building codes that pertain to lighting.lighting.
Overview of MLO
MLO GoalsMLO Goals
•• Reduce excessive Lumen allowances.Reduce excessive Lumen allowances.
•• Full shielding to be required for all parking Full shielding to be required for all parking and area lighting and area lighting –– Ornamental Lighting Ornamental Lighting ExceptionException
•• BB--UU--G Rating controls restrict the light G Rating controls restrict the light trespass, glare and trespass, glare and uplightuplight allowances for allowances for permitted permitted luminairesluminaires..
•• First adopted by International Commission First adopted by International Commission on Illumination (CIE)on Illumination (CIE)
•• Concept used in California Energy Code Concept used in California Energy Code (Title 24)(Title 24)
•• First adopted by Illuminating Engineering First adopted by Illuminating Engineering Society in 1999 in IES Recommended Society in 1999 in IES Recommended Practices for Exterior Lighting (RPPractices for Exterior Lighting (RP--3333--99)99)
•• MLO adds a 5MLO adds a 5thth zone (LZzone (LZ--0) for 0) for undeveloped and wilderness areasundeveloped and wilderness areas
•• Assignment of Lighting Zone is done by Assignment of Lighting Zone is done by local officials adopting the MLO local officials adopting the MLO –– may may overlap existing zones.overlap existing zones.
Recommended forRecommended for••Wilderness areas, parks Wilderness areas, parks and undeveloped rural and undeveloped rural areas.areas. Denali National Park
Visitor Center
Areas near astronomical observatories
Other areas where the protection of a dark environment is critical.Some rural communities can choose LZ-0 for residential areas
• DEFAULT zone for rural and low density residential areas.
• Rural town centers & business parks.• Other commercial areas with limited
nighttime activity.• Developed areas in parks and other
natural settings.
• DEFAULT zone for light commercial business districts and high density or mixed use residential districts.
• Areas with MODERATE ambient light levels.
• Usually applies to all commercial and business districts except those located in a major metropolitan core.
• DEFAULT zone large citiescore business district –areas with theaters, shopping, or heavy pedestrian traffic.
• Areas with moderately HIGH ambient light levels.
• Shipping and Rail areas with special lighting needs.
• Regional shopping malls, car dealerships, other areas of moderately high ambient lighting.
• Never a DEFAULT zone
• Areas with very HIGH ambient light levels.• Times Square and the Las Vegas Strip.• Only for special circumstances.• Not appropriate for most municipalities.
Choosing Lighting ZonesChoosing Lighting Zones• In northern New England, Lighting Zone 4 may
not be appropriate (No Times Square)
• Lighting Zone 3 has little if any application – (concentrated urban setting in a major city – Boston, Hartford, Springfield
• Lighting Zones 0, 1 and 2 can be applied to almost all municipalities in Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine.
LuminaireLuminaire Classification System Classification System (Backlight/(Backlight/UplightUplight/Glare /Glare –– BUG)BUG)
New Luminaire Classification System
B = Backlight / TrespassB = Backlight / Trespass
New Luminaire Classification System
U = U = UplightUplight / / SkyglowSkyglow
New Luminaire Classification System
G = Glare / Offensive LightG = Glare / Offensive Light
New Luminaire Classification System
New Luminaire Classification System
(BH between 501 and 999 lumens)
(UL and UH each between 11 and 50 lumens)
FVH under 100 for G-1BVH under 100 for G-1 FH under 1,800 for G-1BH 501 to 1,000 for G-2Total G Rating = G-2
2
2
Prescriptive Method
1. Total Site Lumen Limit(Using either Table A or B)
Parameters and Criteria:
Prescriptive Method
2. Offsite Impacts: Maximum BUG Ratings (Table C)
Total Site Lumen Limit
1. Parking Space Method (Table A) for 10 spaces or less
2. Hardscape Area Method (Table B) for areas with more than 10 parking spaces
Two Methods:
Prescriptive Method
Parking Space Method Parking Space Method (10 spaces or less)(10 spaces or less)
Prescriptive Method
Building Footprint
Total Number of Parking Total Number of Parking Spaces Spaces –– 10 or less10 or less
With Unregulated Lighting
Unshielded
No lumen limit
Some as high as 50 fc
Prescriptive Method -
Table BHardscape
Area Method
Example:Vehicle Service Station Canopies
Prescriptive Method
Vehicle Service Station Canopies under the MLOTable B
Lumen allowance calculationsunder the MLO for LZ 2:
1.Hardscape area times 2.5lumens
PLUS2. 8,000 lumens per fuel pump
(based on 5 fc horizontal forLZ2) Prescriptive Method
Base Hardscape
Area -
41,500 sfMultiplied by 2.5 lumens
Hardscape
Allowance = 103,750(Building footprint of 5,500 sf
NOT included)
14 Gas Pumps at 8,000 lumensper pump = 112,000 lumens
Total Site Lumen Allowance215,750 –
for All outdoor lighting(Entranceway, façade, parking,gas pumps, canopy)
Note: Gas Pump Allowances arenon-tradable –
Use it or loose it
Determining Lumen Allowance for Vehicle Service Station
PLUS
Prescriptive Method
Table BHardscape
Area Method
Example 2:Outdoor Car Sales Lot
With Unregulated Lighting
Unshielded
No lumen limit
Lights often “On”
dusk to dawn
Prescriptive Method
Outdoor Car Sales Lot Under MLO Prescriptive Method
All parking and area lighting mustbe fully shielded under the MLO
Lumen limit per Table B
* Flagstaff Solution : After 10PM only low pressure sodium lightingcan be used (usually for security) –
all white “display”
lighting must be extinguished at 10PM. Prescriptive Method
Determining Lumen Allowance for Car Dealership Sales LotLZ 2 Example
1. Base Lumen AllowanceMultiply square feetof hardscape by 2.5
(Building footprint and nonHardscape areas larger Than 10’ are not counted)
2. Outdoor Sales LotLumen Allowance – multiplyNet hardscape by 8 lumensPer square foot.
3. Outdoor Sales FrontageIf 450 linear feet of frontage,then 450,000 lumens forFrontage. (450 LF x 1,000)
Step 1 –
Using the Lumen Limit in Table BHow much Light? –
Add 1, Plus 2, Plus 3
Prescriptive Method
Determining BUG Rating Allowance for Car Dealership Sales Lot
LZ 2 Example
What types of Luminaires
are permitted
Prescriptive Method
Building Footprint
Hardscape Area Method (SF)
Prescriptive Method
Base Hardscape Area
Area > 10’ wide (not included)
Area < 10’ wide (included)
Prescriptive Method
Summary of Hardscape Area Method (SF)
1) Multiply the number of sf bythe number of lumens for the LZto determine the Base Allowance
2) In addition to Base Allowance,extra allowances are permittedfor ONLY 2 of the following
a) Outdoor Sales Lotsb) Outdoor Sales Frontagec) Drive Up Windowsd) Vehicle Service Station
“Use it or Loose it” Allowances
Prescriptive Method
Summary of Hardscape Area Method (SF)
Total Lumen Allowance (Bucket) is the Sum of 1) and 2)
Total Lumen “Bucket” covers ALL lighting applications:
Parking LotsEntrancesDrive-up WindowsGas Pump Island/CanopiesEntrancewaysCar lotsFrontage Sales LotsFaçade Lighting
Prescriptive Method
Summary of Hardscape Area Method (SF)
Extra lumen allowances from Part 2 can only be used for those specific purposes.
Sample Compliance Chart using Prescriptive Hardscape Area Method
Lighting DesignDescription
Maximum AllowedLumens
Performance Method
Performance Method
Hardscape Area (same as Prescriptive)
Building Footprint
Base Hardscape Area (SF)
Area > 10’ wide (not included)
Area < 10’ wide (included)
Performance Method
Tradable Lumens
Performance Method
Non Tradable Lumens
Performance Method
Performance Method –
Tables D, E and F
Allowance for Façade Lighting
LZ0 and LZ1 – No façade lighting
LZ2 – 4 – Square footage basedonly on unit area to beilluminated.
In LZ2, 8 lumens per sf times 450Allows 3,600 lumens per section forFaçade lighting.
The BUG ratings in Table C will limit The BUG ratings in Table C will limit the following types of the following types of luminairesluminaires
Off Site Impacts (Option B)Off Site Impacts (Option B)
Performance Method
Residential Lighting Limits All lighting is fully shielded unless
allowed by Table G
Residential Method
Residential Example
Residential Example
MLO MLO -- Street Lighting OptionStreet Lighting Option
• Master Plan by Lighting Zone• Warranting• Zero light emitted above 90 degrees
– Exception for Ornamental Street Lighting
== 20 lumens20 lumens= 100 lumens= 100 lumens
= 1000 lumens= 1000 lumens
New Streetlight CurfewNew Streetlight Curfew OpportunitiesOpportunities
•• Connecticut, New Hampshire and Western Connecticut, New Hampshire and Western Massachusetts electric companies now Massachusetts electric companies now have rates for midnight streetlight service have rates for midnight streetlight service –– saving 28% to 40%saving 28% to 40%
•• Towns can select which streetlights to Towns can select which streetlights to operate dusk to dawn, and which ones to operate dusk to dawn, and which ones to turn off at midnight.turn off at midnight.
Midnight Option FeaturesMidnight Option FeaturesMidnight Option FeaturesTechnology – Replaces the streetlight’s dusk-to-dawn photocell
with one with a programmable clock
Flexibility – Can be applied to selected streetlights.
Technology Technology –– Replaces the streetlightReplaces the streetlight’’s dusks dusk--toto--dawn photocelldawn photocellwith one with a programmable clockwith one with a programmable clock
Flexibility Flexibility –– Can be applied to selected streetlightsCan be applied to selected streetlights..
• Approved by IDA and IES Boards on June 14, 2011
• Available online at:http://docs.darksky.org/MLO/MLO_FINAL_June2011.pdf
(“underscore)
Coming Next –
The MLO Lite
• Designed more for Small/medium size municipalities
• Use only three Lighting Zones (not 5)
• In mid 2012
