fast EthErnEt ManagEd switch usErManual Model 523769

INT-523769-UM-0607-01

introductionThank you for purchasing the INTellINeT NeTWoRK SolUTIoNS™ Fast ethernet Managed Switch, Model 523769.Equipped with eight 10/100Base-TX ports plus two combo 1000 Mb slots (fiber options are SFP-type and 1000Base-SX/LX/LHX), this device is designed with SNMP, RMON, flexible network management and monitoring options for increased efficiency and performance. Whether managing from an “in-band” SNMP management station or Internet Web browser, or “out-of-band” on the RS-232 console port, this Fast ethernet Managed Switch makes network monitoring and troubleshooting easy.With its Auto MdI/MdI-X and NWay capabilities — plus VlAN capabilities, Spanning Tree Protocol, port isolation and the ability to add special software features upon request — it’s simple to deploy within a network. Additionally, the slim housing design is ideal for installation in locations with limited space and in applications requiring low port density. once installed on any premises, the switch immediately connects the premises via its combo Gigabit ethernet ports, which provide high-bandwidth uplinks over variable distances.The easy-to-follow instructions in this user manual help make setup and operation quick and simple, so you’ll also soon be enjoying the benefits of these additional features: • Store and forward switching architecture • Full/half duplex operation • IEEE 802.3x flow control for full duplex • Packet filtering/forwarding rates of 1,488,000 pps (1000 Mbps), 148,800 pps (100 Mbps), 14,880 pps (10 Mbps) • Port Mirroring support • Broadcast storm control • Support for jumbo frames (9 kBytes) • Support for up to 8192 MAC address entries • 180 kBytes buffer memory • lifetime Warranty

fcc warningThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A device, pursuant to part 15 of FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communication. operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at the user’s own expense.

cE This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference, in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

NOTE: Screen-shot images may have been modified to fit the format of this manual.

3INTRODUCTION

tablE of contEnts

Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3 1 Hardware .................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Front Panel ........................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Rear Panel ........................................................................................................ 6 1.3 Connectors ........................................................................................................ 6 1.3.1 10/100Base-TX Ports ........................................................................................ 6 1.3.2 10/100/1000Base-T Ports ................................................................................. 6 1.3.3 SFP Slots for SFP Modules .............................................................................. 72 InstallatIon ................................................................................................ 72.1 Placement of the device ................................................................................... 72.2 Connections and Indicators .............................................................................. 7 2.2.1 Power ................................................................................................................ 72.2.2 SFP Modules and Fiber Cable .......................................................................... 82.2.3 Connecting Copper Cable ................................................................................ 82.2.4 Connecting the Console Port Cable ................................................................. 82.2.5 Connecting to Computers or a lAN .................................................................. 82.2.6 Connecting the Power Adapter ......................................................................... 82.2.7 led Indicators .................................................................................................. 93 enHanced Features ................................................................................. 93.1 Jet Ring ............................................................................................................. 93.2 Xpress Ring .................................................................................................... 104 conFIguratIon .......................................................................................... 104.1 CLI Management via the Console Port ........................................................... 104.1.1 Connecting a HyperTerminal............................................................................11 4.2 Menu-Driven User Interface via Telnet ............................................................124.2.1 System Information Menu ................................................................................12 4.2.2 DHCP Configuration Menu ..............................................................................13 4.2.3 Device Control Menu .......................................................................................13 4.2.3.1 Port Configuration ............................................................................................13 4.2.3.2 Bridge Menu .....................................................................................................14 4.2.3.3 VLAN Menu..................................................................................................... 16 4.2.3.4 Rate Control Configuration .............................................................................19 4.2.3.5 Port Mirror Configuration ................................................................................19 4.2.3.6 Trunk Configuration ........................................................................................ 20 4.2.3.7 IGMP Menu .................................................................................................... 20 4.2.3.8 MAC Configuration ......................................................................................... 20 4.2.3.9 Quality of Service (QoS) ................................................................................ 22 4.2.4 Management Setup Menu .............................................................................. 23 4.2.4.1 SNMP Configuration Menu ............................................................................ 23 4.2.4.2 Email Alarm Configuration ............................................................................. 24 4.2.4.3 Firmware Upgrade Menu ............................................................................... 24 4.2.4.4 User Configuration Menu ............................................................................... 25 4.2.4.5 Port Counter Menu ......................................................................................... 25 4.2.4.6 System Restart Menu .................................................................................... 25 4.3 Management via Internet Browser Interface .................................................. 25 4.3.1 System Details ............................................................................................... 25 4.3.1.1 System Information ........................................................................................ 26 4.3.1.2 Board Information .......................................................................................... 26

section page

4CONTENTS

4.3.1.3 DHCP Configuration ...................................................................................... 26 4.3.2 Configuration .................................................................................................. 26 4.3.2.1 Port Configuration .......................................................................................... 26 4.3.2.2 Port Status ...................................................................................................... 27 4.3.3 Bridge Menu ................................................................................................... 27 4.3.3.1 Bridge Configuration (Enable/Disable STP, Jet Ring or Xpress Ring) .......... 28 4.3.3.2 STP System Configuration ............................................................................. 28 4.3.3.3 STP Per-Port Configuration ........................................................................... 29 4.3.3.4 Jet Ring Status ................................................................................................ 29 4.3.3.5 Xpress Ring Configuration .............................................................................. 29 4.3.4 VLAN Menu..................................................................................................... 30 4.3.4.1 VLAN Type (Configuration) ............................................................................. 30 4.3.4.2 Tag-Based Info .................................................................................................31 4.3.4.3 Management VLAN ....................................................................................... 32 4.3.5 Rate Control .................................................................................................... 32 4.3.6 Port Mirroring .................................................................................................. 33 4.3.7 Trunk Configuration ......................................................................................... 33 4.3.8 IGMP Menu ..................................................................................................... 34 4.3.8.1 IGMP Configuration ........................................................................................ 34 4.3.8.2 IGMP Groups Status ....................................................................................... 34 4.3.9 MAC Menu ...................................................................................................... 34 4.3.9.1 MAC Table Status ........................................................................................... 34 4.3.9.2 Lock MAC Address Learning ......................................................................... 35 4.3.9.3 Static MAC Configuration ............................................................................... 35 4.3.9.4 MAC Limit Configuration ................................................................................. 35 4.3.10 QoS Menu ....................................................................................................... 36 4.3.10.1 Base Configuration ......................................................................................... 36 4.3.10.2 Tag Priority ...................................................................................................... 36 4.3.10.3 IP ToS Priority ................................................................................................. 37 4.3.11 Management Configuration ............................................................................ 374.3.12 SNMP Configuration ....................................................................................... 374.3.12.1 SNMP Communities........................................................................................ 374.3.12.2 IP Trap Manager ............................................................................................. 374.3.13 Email Alarm Configuration .............................................................................. 384.3.14 User Configuration .......................................................................................... 384.3.15 Firmware Download (Upgrade System) .......................................................... 394.3.16 Confirmation File (System Backup) ................................................................ 394.3.17 System Restart Menu (Restart Option)........................................................... 394.4 CLI via the Console Port (Basic Instructions) ................................................. 404.4.1 Help Commands ............................................................................................. 404.4.2 Show Commands ............................................................................................ 404.4.3 System Configurations .....................................................................................414.4.3.1 Switch Configurations ..................................................................................... 424.4.3.2 Port Configurations ......................................................................................... 424.4.3.3 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Configurations ................................................ 424.4.3.4 Virtual LAN (VLAN) Configurations ................................................................ 434.4.4 SNMP Configurations Using CLI .................................................................... 434.4.4.1 SNMP Configurations ..................................................................................... 434.4.4.2 Set SNMP Traps ............................................................................................. 434.4.4.3 Set Email ......................................................................................................... 445 troublesHootIng ................................................................................... 44 6 specIFIcatIons .......................................................................................... 45

5CONTENTS

6HARDWARE

1 hardwarEThe Fast ethernet Managed Switch was developed with a host of features — including both Xpress Ring and Jet Ring — that makes it particularly well-suited for SoHo applications that demand the utmost in reliability. The Jet Ring offers a recovery time of less than 300 ms in case of any network-link failure; the Xpress Ring can recover from such a failure within 50 ms.The device comes with eight copper ports (10/100) and two Gigabit combo ports (2 SFP fiber slots and two copper ports – 1000 Mbps) that provide 10/100/1000Base fiber-to-copper conversion, helping ensure “always-on” connectivity and eliminating costly network downtime. 1.1 front Panel

1.2 rear Panel

1.3 connectors The switch utilizes ports with copper and SFP fiber port connectors functioning under Ethernet/ Fast ethernet/Gigabit ethernet standards. 1.3.1 10/100base-tX PortsThe 10/100Base-TX ports support network speeds of either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, and can operate in half and full duplex transfer modes. These ports also offer automatic MDI/MDI-X crossover detection that gives true Plug and Play capability: Just plug the network cables into the ports and the ports will adjust according to the end-node devices. NOTE: Cat3 or better cable is recommended for the 10 Mbps ports; Cat5 or better for the 100 Mbps ports. 1.3.2 10/100/1000base-t PortsThe switch has two Gigabit 10/100/1000Base-T ports for RJ-45 connectors that have the same features as the above-mentioned 10/100 ports. The only difference is that the Gigabit

Unit LEDs SFP slots Gigabit Ethernet ports

Copper ports Console port

Power socketReset button DC power connections

copper ports support network speeds of 10/100/1000 Mbps.These two ports are located next to their corresponding SFP-type fiber slots, and each of these RJ-45 ports is interchangeable with its corresponding SFP slot. The Gigabit copper port will have the same number as its corresponding SFP slot. Once an SFP fiber slot is connected, the correspondingly numbered RJ-45 port won’t function. 1.3.3 sfP slots for sfP ModulesThe two SFP slots are designed to house Gigabit SFP modules that support network speeds of 1000 Mbps. These slots are interchangeable with the two 1000Base-T ports, and the slots have the same port numbers as their corresponding 1000Base-T ports. once an SFP slot is connected via an SFP module, the correspondingly numbered 1000Base-T port won’t function.

2 installationThe location of the switch can greatly affect its performance. Follow these recommendations:• Install the switch in an appropriate place based on the Specifications (Section 12) for the acceptable temperature and humidity ranges.• Install the switch in a location that isn’t affected by strong electromagnetic field generators (such as motors), vibration, dust and direct sunlight.• leave at least 10 cm of space at the front and rear of the unit for ventilation.• Affix the provided rubber pads to the bottom of the switch to protect the case. 2.1 Placement of the device For horizontal (desktop, shelf, etc.) installation of the switch, follow these steps. 1. Place the switch on a clean, flat and safe surface that has convenient access to AC power. 2. Separate the four self-adhesive rubber pads and attach them to the switch’s underside. 3. Connect the switch to an AC power source. (The green PWR led on the front panel should light up.) 4. Connect the cables from the network partner devices to the ports on the front panel. (The green lNK led on the front panel associated with the port should light.)

For vertical (wall, post, etc.) installation of the switch, simply use the underside of the unit as a template to measure and mark the position of the holes on to the surface where the unit is to be installed. Then use the two screws provided to mount the switch firmly in place. WARNING: Because invisible laser radiation may be emitted from the aperture of a port when no cable is connected, avoid exposure to laser radiation and do not stare into open apertures.For rackmounting of the switch, attach brackets to each side of the switch and place the brackets in the rack’s slots. Insert and tighten two screws to securely attach the bracket to the rack on each side. 2.2 connections & indicators The switch can be used to connect up to 10 network devices by employing a combination of twisted-pair and fiber cabling paths at Ethernet, Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet speeds. 2.2.1 PowerThe switch uses a DC power supply of 9 – 48 V DC. The power and redundant power

7INSTALLATION

connection is provided via a terminal block located at the top of the switch. The switch’s power supply automatically self-adjusts to the local power source and may be powered on without having any or all lAN segment cables connected. Check the front-panel as the device is turned on to verify that the PWR led lights. If it doesn’t, check that the power cable is correctly and securely plugged in. If a redundant power supply is connected, an RPS led will light 2.2.2 sfP Modules and fiber cableTo connect to either of the SFP (small form factor pluggable) slots:

1. Making sure it’s aligned properly, slide the SFP module (Fig. 2) into the selected SFP slot (Fig. 1) until it clicks in place (Fig. 3). 2. Remove any rubber plugs from the mouth of the module. 3. Making sure it’s aligned properly, slide the fiber cable connector (Fig. 4) into the SFP module until it clicks in place (Fig. 5).4. Check the corresponding port led on the front panel to be sure the connection is valid. (See 2.2.7 led Indicators, Page 9.) 5. To remove a connector from a module, squeeze the release clip on the connector’s top.NOTE: Check that the fiber terminators are clean. As needed, wipe them gently with a clean tissue or cotton ball lightly moistened with ethanol. Dirty fiber terminators on fiber optic cables will impair the quality of the light transmitted through the cable, leading to degraded performance on the port. 2.2.3 connecting copper cableThe 10/100/1000Base-T RJ-45 Ethernet ports fully support auto-sensing and auto-negotiation.1. Insert one end of a Category 3/4/5/5e twisted pair cable (see 1.3.1 NOTE, Page 6) into an available RJ-45 port on the switch and the other end into the port of the network node.2. Check the corresponding port led on the front panel to be sure the connection is valid. (See 2.2.7 led Indicators, Page 9.) 2.2.4 connecting the console Port cableThe console port (dB-9) serves the out-of-band management facility.1. Use null modem cable to connect the console port on the switch to the computer’s CoM port. 2. Insert the RJ-45 end of the (8-pin RJ-45 to DB-9) cable into the RJ-45 console port on the switch and the other end into the computer’s COM port. For console port (8-pin RJ-45) pin assignment, see appendix a.3. Configure the HyperTerminal settings. (See section 4.1, Management via console port.) 2.2.5 connecting to computers or a lanUse either crossover or straight-through ethernet cable to connect computers, hubs or other switches directly to the switch ports. NOTE: Use a twisted pair Category 5 ethernet cable to connect the 1000Base-T port; otherwise, the link speed cannot reach 1 Gbps. 2.2.6 connecting the Power adapterConnect the AC power cord to the power receptacle on the back of the switch and plug the other end into a wall outlet or power strip. Check that the front-panel leds light up (as described below) to indicate that the switch’s hardware is working properly.

Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5

8INSTALLATION

2.2.7 lEd indicatorsThis switch is equipped with unit leds (indicating the status of the switch) and port leds (positioned alongside each copper port and indicating the status of the connections). All leds light green. led condition status PWR on Switch is being fed primary power. off Primary power is off or a failure has occurred.PoST Flashing PoST function upon startup. on PoST function successfully performed.100 (copper ports 1-8) on Port is operating at 100 Mbps. off Port is operating below 100 Mbps.1000 (copper ports 9-10) on Port is operating at 1000 Mbps. off Port is operating below 1000 Mbps.lNK/ACT (copper ports 1-10) on Port is connected with a compliant device. Flashing Data traffic is passing through the port. off No valid link has been established at the port.lNK (SFP ports 9-10) on Port is connected with a compliant device. off No valid link has been established at the port.NOTE: The fiber module does not support half duplex mode.

3 EnhancEd fEaturEs3.1 Jet ring Setting up Jet Ring (redundant linking) on your network helps protect critical links against failure and network loops, and reduces network downtime to less than 300 ms. It allows users to set up a redundant path in the network to provide a backup data transmission route in the event that a connection is abruptly disconnected or damaged. This is an extremely important feature in many applications because a link failure in a link with no backup can result in several minutes of network downtime, possibly causing heavy losses.Jet Ring automatically identifies one switch as the “master” of the network, then automaticallyblocks ports to prevent packets from traveling through any of the network’s redundant loop segments. If one segment of this ring becomes disconnected from the rest of the network because of a link failure, the Jet Ring protocol automatically re-adjusts the ring so that the part of the network that was disconnected re-establishes contact with the rest of the network.You can apply the ring as in the diagram by connecting four switches. Jet Ring then automatically selects the “arbiter” switch, and the network is ready.

9ENHANCED FEATURES

Jet Ring

bpdu packets

bpdu packets

bpdu packets

bpdu packets

MastErMastEr

22 44

33

3.2 Xpress ring Xpress Ring enables networks to recover from link failure within 50 ms. Unlike Jet Ring, however, it needs some network configuration efforts. The user must assign two ring ports for each switch in the ring. The user must also assign the “arbiter” switch, which will decide if it is necessary to activate the backup path. For Xpress Ring, any switch can be the arbiter – just remember that the arbiter switch must be part of the ring. In addition to rerouting the transmission within 50 ms, the arbiter switch will issue an alarm when a link failure occurs. The user will then be informed of the failure and will be able to fix the problem and reconfigure if required.

4 configurationFor advanced management capabilities, the onboard management agent provides ClI (command line interface) and menu-driven interface configuration programs. These programs can be accessed by a direct or modem connection to the console port on the front panel (out-of-band), or by a Telnet connection over the network (in-band).The management agent is based on SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). This SNMP agent permits the switch to be managed from any PC in the network by using in-band management software. The management agent also includes an embedded HTTP Web agent that can be accessed using a standard Web browser from any network computer.This switch gives you flexibility to access and manage it using any or all three of the methods below: • ClI via the console port to initially set IP parameters (with added details in section 4.4); • Menu-driven configurations via Telnet; • Internet browser interfaceThe administration console and Web browser interfaces are embedded in the switch software and can be used immediately after setup. 4.1 cli Management via the console Port Prior to accessing the switch’s onboard agent via a network connection, configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask and default gateway using an out-of-band connection or the BooTP protocol. After configuring the switch’s IP parameters, you can access the onboard configuration program from anywhere within the attached network or via the Internet.The onboard configuration program can be accessed using Telnet from any computer attached to the network. It can also be managed from any computer using a Web browser (Internet Explorer 4.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above).Access the switch via a terminal emulator (such as HyperTerminal) attached to the console port. The console port is set at the factory with the following default CoM port properties. Configure your own terminal to match:• Baud rate: 38,400• Data size: 8 bits• Parity: None• Stop bits: 1• Flow control: NoneNOTE: Ensure that the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match the above settings; otherwise, the connection will not work. A console port cable is provided with the switch to connect the PC’s COM port with the switch’s serial console (RJ-45) port. (See appendix a in Specifications if necessary for cable pin assignment details.)

10CONFIGURATION

4.1.1 connecting via hyperterminal1. Verify the console cable (RJ-45 to DB9) connection between the switch and workstation. 2. launch the terminal emulation program on the remote workstation and turn on the switch. Be sure to select the correct CoM port. Click “oK.”

3. enter the proper parameters based on the defaults listed above. Click “oK.”

4. A start screen appears. Press the “Enter” key to advance to HyperTerminal’s login screen. 5. The program presents both ClI and menu-driven user interfaces via console or Telnet. After logging in to the system, the prompt at right displays. enter “1” to select the “ClI User Interface” operation. 6. enter the commands below to reset the IP address, subnet mask and gateway. (Each “xxx” represents a value between 0 and 255, as shown at right.) NOTE: Be sure to separate each 1- to 3-digit segment with a period, as the program won’t accept anything other than this format: • set eth0 ip xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx • set eth0 netmask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx • set eth0 gateway xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Once the new information has been entered, the system will confirm the success of the operation (as shown at right) and then restart automatically. Remember to record the new IP address and keep it in a secure location.

11CONFIGURATION

With HyperTerminal, command lines are the same as those for Telnet. You can continue to use HyperTerminal with the instructions provided. otherwise, log out by entering “exit” and pressing the “enter” key. The switch can then be configured via an HTTP Web browser or Telnet with menu-driven or command line interfaces.

4.2 Menu-driven user interface via telnet 1. Open a command-prompt window and enter the following command line, in which the “xxx” segments represent the IP address: telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. (Examples like 192.168.0.200 are used throughout this manual.) Press the “Enter” key to advance to the next screen. NOTE: The default login is “admin,” with no preset password. 2. The program presents both ClI and menu-driven interfaces via console or Telnet. Select “Menu-driven Interface.” 3. The Main Menu screen displays. Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “enter” key to select/ unselect or receive a text prompt (or to exit from sub-menus); press the “esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved entries will return to default values or the most recent saved values.System Information: default system information, such as IP Address, Subnet Mask and Gateway. DHCP Configuration: disable dHCP Client or enable it to set and display DHCP Leased Time and DHCP Expiry Time.Device Control: Configuration options (Port, Bridge, VLAN Rate Control, Trunks, etc.)Management Setup: Configuration options for SNMP, Email Alarm, Firmware Upgrade and User.Port Counter: Ports statistics, such as packet and collision totals.System Restart: options for restarting through software and/or restoring factory default settings. 4.2.1 system information MenuThis menu screen presents a number of switch features and the status of specific switch parameters, as shown at right. Also displayed is the IP address of the switch; the subnet mask, which identifies the host-address bits used for routing to specific subnets; and the gateway, which passes trap messages from the system’s agent to the management station — each of which can be changed as needed or required. NOTE: Sample addresses may be presented that don’t represent factory defaults or the required addresses.

12CONFIGURATION

4.2.2 DHCP Configuration MenuThis screen presents the option of either disabling or enabling dHCP Client. When enabled, dHCP Leased Time and DHCP Expiry Time are displayed in seconds, as shown.

4.2.3 device control MenuPort Configuration: Configure various parameters for each of the switch’s ports. Bridge: Configure bridge settings, including those of Jet Ring and Xpress Ring.VLAN: Configure port- or tag-based VLANs.Rate Control: Define bandwidth/data rate control and Jumbo Packet limits for each port.Port Mirror: Select a port for mirroring to monitor traffic.Trunk Configuration: Configure up to four trunk groups.IGMP Menu: Configure IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) snooping and query, and check group status.MAC Configuration: Check MAC Table status, lock MAC Address Learning and configure Static Unicast MAC and MAC limit.Quality of Service: Set the QoS base configuration and the tag priority and IP ToS tables. 4.2.3.1 Port Configuration

13CONFIGURATION

Port No.: In the settings panel at the bottom of the screen, use the “enter” and “Tab” keys to position the cursor in the desired field and enter whichever port number you want to configure. Name: The name assigned to a port for keeping records of the connections.Type: The type of a port connector (fiber or RJ-45).Admin: Enable or disable the admin configurations.Auto: enable or disable the Auto-negotiation on the copper ports.Speed: Presents the speed of ports in operation. You can also set the speed (10 – 100 Mbps) for the RJ-45 ports.Duplex: Presents the duplex status. You can also select the duplex mode (half or full).Link: Presents the link status of a port.Flow Control: Enable or disable the RJ-45 ports.

4.2.3.2 bridge MenuThis menu is used to enable/disable STP (Spanning Tree Protocol Algorithm), Jet Ring or Xpress Ring, and to configure the STP settings if STP is enabled. If Jet Ring is enabled, it offers a fast recovery time of less than 300 ms in case a node goes down in the ring. Xpress Ring offers a very fast recovery time of less than 50 ms. The Spanning Tree algorithm is used for detecting and disabling network loops, and for providing backup links between switches, bridges and routers. This allows the switch to communicate and interact with other bridging devices (that is, STA-compliant devices) in a network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations, and to provide redundant or backup links that automatically take over when a primary link fails.4.2.3.2.1 EnablE/DisablE sTP, JET Ring oR XPREss Ring Choose an option — by scrolling with the space bar, by selecting with the “enter” key and by canceling with the “esc(ape)” key — and then set its parameters based on network needs. The default setting is “disabled.” Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “Enter” key to select/unselect or to exit a field; press the “esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.Ports 1 – 8 STP: When enabled (Y), the port participates in the STP algorithm execution of the switch when 802.D is selected. When disabled (–), the port does not participate.

4.2.3.2.2 sysTEm ConfiguRaTion Use this option to configure the STP parameters. Before moving to this menu, however, make sure the “802.1d” mode is selected when enabling or disabling (enable/disable) the STP, Jet Ring or Xpress Ring modes. Otherwise, the values can’t be configured. On the left side of the window, the root bridge information is displayed.

14CONFIGURATION

Priority: When setting the bridge priority, the limit can be from 0 (the highest priority) to 65535 (the lowest priority). The bridge priority is used in selecting the root device, root port and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device.Hello Time: This is the interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a configuration message. The limit is 1 – 10 seconds.Forward Delay: When setting the forward delay, the limit is 4 – 30 seconds. This is the maximum time the root device will wait before changing states (e.g., listening to learning to forwarding).Max. Age: When setting the maximum age, the limit is 6 – 40 seconds. This is the waiting time for receiving packets before attempting to reconfigure the link.4.2.3.2.3 sTP PER-PoRT ConfiguRaTions STP allows the switch to assign a priority status to each of its ports with respect to other networking nodes in the network. In other words, given the priority level of each node on the network, STP determines the best route for data to flow. Ensure that this function is activated when setting up backup links and to avoid collisions. Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “enter” key to select/ unselect or to exit a field; press the “esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.Priority: When setting the priority of each port, the limit is 1 – 255. The default priority is set at 128, the midpoint of this limit.Cost: The cost assigned to each port determines the route of information flow.Port Role: This displays the role of each port as either Forwarding or Blocking.

15CONFIGURATION

4.2.3.2.4 JET Ring sTaTus If Jet Ring is enabled, you can view the Jet Ring status. The switch will automatically detect which port is attached to other switches (or other Jet Ring-enabling switches) to establish the Jet Ring. You can see how many nodes are connected in the ring and which node is working as master, arbiter or member. There are also descriptions of the role of each port.

4.2.3.2.5 XPREss Ring ConfiguRaTion When Xpress Ring is enabled, you can select the role of the switch in the ring (Arbiter or Forwarder) and which ports will be part of the ring.Xpress Ring Role: When designated as an “Arbiter,” the switch receives status reports submitted from other switches in the ring and determines the ring recovery behaviors. When designated as a “Forwarder,” the switch will forward the received status reports on the other side of ring ports.Select Ring Port-1: This is the first ring port with the link composing part of the Xpress Ring.Select Ring Port-2: This is the second ring port with the link composing part of the Xpress Ring.Port status: This displays the ring ports’ status, either “Forwarding” for packet transmitting and receiving status or “Blocking” for port disabled or link down.

4.2.3.3 Vlan MenuA VlAN (Virtual lAN) is a network of computers behaving as though they are connected to the same lAN segment even though their physical location may be on a different lAN altogether. VLANs are configured through software rather than hardware, which makes them extremely flexible. Among the advantages of VLANs: • When a computer is physically moved to another location, it can stay on the same VlAN without any hardware reconfiguration because VLANs aren’t limited by hardware constraints. • VLANs can be configured to define a network into various logical configurations. For example, VLANs can define a network by application. In this scenario, a company might create one VlAN for multimedia users and another for email users. • VLANs can also define a network by department. For example, a company might have one VlAN for its engineering department, another for Marketing and another for Sales. • VLANs can also be set up according to the organization’s internal structure. For example, the company president might have his/her own VLAN, the executive staff might have a different VlAN and the remaining employees might have yet another VlAN. You can disable the VlAN option or choose between port-based and tag-based VlAN.

16CONFIGURATION

4.2.3.3.1 PoRT-basED Vlan ConfiguRaTions Port ID Members: Set the VlAN association of one port to another. Blank spaces indicate there is no set VlAN association. default is that all ports are associated, though you can also set all ports as isolated. Ports 1 – 8 Management: When designated as “enable,” the switch can be managed as a Web/Telnet client or as an SNMP manager via this port. “disable” disallows such management. Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “enter” key to select/unselect or to exit a field; press the “Esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.4.2.3.3.2 Tag-basED Vlan ConfiguRaTions Tag-based VLAN is the standard implementation of IEEE802.1Q VLAN. With the switch set as a tag-based VLAN switch, every port has the following: • PVId (Port VlAN Id) number, which generally refers to the VlAN to which the connected non-802.1Q-aware device (like a device server or computer) belongs. This can be configured in the Port Information menu in section 4.2.3.3.3 below. • Priority: This refers to the priority of the port and the non-802.1Q packets received on the port, generally from a non-802.1Q-aware device. Like PVID, this can be configured in the Port Information menu in section 4.2.3.3.3 below. • Participating VLANs: These are the VID-tagged packets that are allowed to flow in or out of the port. A port may participate in multiple VlANs, like an uplink port connected to another switch that will transfer the packets from various devices belonging to different VlANs into the network. NOTE: Generally, a port connected to a peripheral non-802.1Q device can only participate in one VlAN, the same VlAN Id that is selected for that port in the Port Information menu. The participating VLANs can be configured in the Add VLAN Group menu below. • If the port is set in the Add VLAN Group menu as a tagged port, all packets flowing out of the port will be tagged frames to an 802.1Q switch or device. • If the port is set as an untagged port, all packets out of the port will be untagged frames (stripped of their tags at the port) to a non-802.1Q device. • When a packet is received (ingress) on the port, it is filtered to be dropped or forwarded according to the user-specified rule (configured in the Port Information menu) for ingress filtering untagged frames and tagged frames that are not members of the receiving port’s participating VLANs (configured in the Add VLAN Group menu in section 4.2.3.3.5 below). • If the packet is forwarded, the untagged frames, generally from a non-802.1Q-aware device or peripheral, are tagged with the PVId and priority that were assigned to the ingress port. The untagged packets received by an 802.1Q switch in this way become tagged frames. • The tagged frames received on the ingress port are kept unchanged if the port’s not dropped. • The switch then moves the frame into the egress port that’s a participant of that specific VLAN. For example: If the ingress is from a peripheral device linked to a downlink port on a switch with only one uplink port and the frame is addressed to a device on another switch, the frame would be switched to egress out of the uplink port. This uplink port would be set to participate in the VLANs of all the downlink ports and forward all their traffic. • If the egress port is an untagged port (normally a port linked to a peripheral, non-802.1Q device that does not accept tagged frames), the VID and priority fields will be stripped off (untagged) from the frame and then transmitted out of the egress port. A previously tagged

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frame is simply kept unchanged when it is sent out from a “tagging” egress port, generally to a 802.1Q switch or a standard VLAN-aware device.4.2.3.3.3 Tag-basED PoRT infoRmaTion (ingREss bEhaVioR)

PVID: The port VlAN Id is assigned to all untagged frames received on the designated port. The limit is between 1 and 4095. Pri: This is the VlAN priority. The limit is between 0 (lowest priority) and 7 (highest priority).Ingress Filter 1 (Non-Member) and Ingress Filter 2 (Untagged): Three configurations can be set with these two options. • Non-Member = Forward; Untagged = Forward: This forwards VLAN-tagged frames that aren’t members of any VlAN in which the port is participating; and forwards all untagged frames. • Non-Member = Drop; Untagged = Forward: This drops VLAN-tagged frames that aren’t members of any VlAN in which the port is participating; and forwards all untagged frames. • Non-Member = Drop; Untagged = Drop: This drops VLAN-tagged frames that aren’t members of any VlAN in which the port is participating; and drops all untagged frames.Isolated: Set to “enable” and the port is isolated. Isolated ports belonging to the same VlAN do not communicate with each other (this is generally set for security reasons). The isolated ports communicate only with the trunk ports, which should not be set as “isolated.” When set as “disable,” the port is not isolated and can communicate with all ports of the VlANs.Double Tag: When set to “enable,” the egress frames are double-tagged. When set to “disable,” the egress frames are not double-tagged.4.2.3.3.4 aDD Vlan gRouP (EgREss bEhaVioR) First enter a VlAN Id number. Then, in the Member column, designate each port with one of the following four options: • “No” (not a member of this specific VLAN – drop the packet) • “Untagged” (member of VlAN, take tag away so that the computer can read) • “Tagged” (keep tag on packet – only for uplink port) • “Member” (the port is a member of the specified VLAN and the frames of this VlAN can be switched through this port, but the tagging information in the frame header is not modified by the switch). The Show VlAN Table menu shows all VlANs at a glance and enables the user to edit these VlANs.

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4.2.3.3.5 managEmEnT Vlan This is the VlAN Id to which the in-band management stations belong. The PVId of the port that receives the management messages must be the same as the Management VlAN Id. Web and Telnet sessions will be disconnected after the Management VlAN is changed.

4.2.3.4 Rate Control ConfigurationPress the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “enter” key to select/unselect or to exit a field; press the “esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.The maximum limited rate for the first two ports (the Gigabit ports) is 256 Mbps; the maximum limited rate for the six 10/100TX ports is 64 Mbps.Jumbo Packet Length: Select the size of packets: • 1535 – For double-tagged packets or jumbo packets. • 1522 – For normally tagged packets. 1518 bytes are actually allowed for untagged packets.Ingress Limit Mode: You can select the type of frames allowed from the port (“All Frames,” “Broadcast only,” “Multicast & Broadcast only” or “Multi/Broadcast & Flooded Unicast”).Ingress/Egress Rate: Assign the ingress and egress rates to and from the ports (128 kbps, 256 kbps, 512 kbps, 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps, 4 Mbps or 8 Mbps).

4.2.3.5 Port Mirror ConfigurationThis function can be used to monitor data being transmitted through a specific port. It allows the network administrator to “sniff” the observed port and thus keep tabs on network activity. Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “enter” key to select/unselect or to exit a field; press the “Esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.Mirror Mode: Select from disable, Ingress & egress, and Ingress.Monitoring Port: Select the port number that will do the monitoring.Monitored Port/Member: Select the port(s) to be monitored.

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4.2.3.6 Trunk ConfigurationPort Trunking defines a network link aggregation and trunking method that specifies how to create a single high-speed logical link that combines several low-speed physical links. The switch supports a maximum of four trunk groups for 100 Mbps ports, and an additional trunk group for Gigabit ports. NOTE: 100 Mbps ports and Gigabit ports cannot be grouped together. Each trunk group in groups 1 – 4 can be composed of up to four ports, selected from any combination of 100 Mbps ports. Trunk Group 5 can only comprise the two Gigabit Combo ports. Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “Enter” key to select/unselect or to exit a field; press the “esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.

4.2.3.7 IgMp MenuSelect either the IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Configuration or the Groups Status screen.4.2.3.7.1 igmP ConfiguRaTion Select from among IGMP Snooping (disable/enable), IGMP Query (Auto, Enable, Disable) and IGMP static per port (Y/–).Ports 1 –8 IGMP Static: When enabled, multicast packets will be forwarded to IGMP Static ports without the learning process and timeout of multicast group membership. It is generally applied to those ports of uplinks or audio/video equipment which will not be flexibly reconfigured. NOTE: In order to keep the switch traffic moving efficiently, the last byte of the IP address should not be the same as that of the IGMP group. For example, if the switch’s IP address is 192.168.0.10 and the IGMP router/switch’s IP address is 192.168.21.10, this will cause the switch to operate in a less efficient manner.

4.2.3.7.1 igmP gRouPs sTaTus You can view the status of IGMP groups when IGMP Snooping is enabled.

4.2.3.8 MAC ConfigurationSelect from among four sub-menus: MAC Table, Lock MAC Address Learning, Static MAC Configuration or MAC Limit Configuration. Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “Enter” key to select/unselect or to exit a field; press the “esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.

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4.2.3.8.1 maC TablE

Settings with a “T” in the right-hand column indicate that the MAC (media access control) Is learned from a trunk port; settings with a “P” indicate that the MAC is learned from a downlink port.

4.2.3.8.2 loCk maC aDDREss lEaRning If you want to put a lock on any of the ports, change the “–” in the “lock” column to a “Y.”

4.2.3.8.3 sTaTiC maC ConfiguRaTion In addition to the display of the static configuration, note the “Add” option at the bottom of this screen. When selected, this presents the Add Static MAC screen below. In addition, with the cursor placed on “esc,” pressing the “enter” key will present extra options.

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4.2.3.8.4 maC limiT ConfiguRaTion

4.2.3.9 Quality of service (Qos) This sub-menu presents three further options: Base Configuration, Tag Priority Table and IP ToS (type of service) Priority Table.

4.2.3.9.1 basE ConfiguRaTion This screen presents a Schedule Mode choice between “weighted fair queuing” (as shown) and “all high before low.”

4.2.3.9.2 Tag PRioRiTy TablE

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4.2.3.9.3 Tos PRioRiTy TablE

4.

4.2.4 Management setup MenuAfter logging in to the system, use this menu to configure settings for remote access via the SNMP agent, to configure the email alarm or to upgrade the firmware. NOTE: You should set the community string that controls access to the onboard SNMP agent via in-band management software (SNMP Configuration). Use the “Tab” key to move through the fields and press the “Enter” key to select.

4.2.4.1 SNMP Configuration MenuUse this screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch features an onboard SNMP agent that monitors the status of its hardware as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a network management station (NMS), can be used to access this information, and community strings control access rights to the agent module. In order to communicate with the switch, the NMS must first submit a valid community string for authentication. The options for configuring community strings and related trap functions are described below.Index: This is the number assigned to each trap.Status: disable or enable the alarm function.IP Address: Enter the IP addresses of computers that will be notified when abnormalities on a connection occur and an alarm needs to be sent. Community: enter their community names.You can use an external SNMP-based application to configure and manage the switch. This requires the SNMP agent on the switch and the SNMP network management station to use the

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same community string. In actuality, this management method uses two community strings: the GeT community string and the SeT community string. If the SNMP network management station only knows the SeT community string, it can both read and write to the management information bases (MIBs). However, if it only knows the GeT community string, it can only read MIBs. NOTE: The default GeT and SeT community string for the switch is “public.”

4.2.4.1 Email Alarm Configuration

The switch instantaneously issues email warnings when an exception occurs. (You can also connect a relay output to the switch’s terminal block to enable an audio alarm alert.) You must enable the email Alarm function and enter the valid IP address of the mail server the switch will use and a valid email address for the switch. Select up to five email addresses for receiving error messages and set their status to “Enable.” Then select which exceptions will trigger an email alert. Press the “Tab” key to move through and highlight options; press the “enter” key to select/unselect or to exit a field; press the “Esc(ape)” key to return to the main menu. Save after editing; unsaved configurations will return to default values or the most recent saved values.Email Alarm: Set to either “enable” or “disable.”Mail Server IP: enter a valid IP address of your mail server.From Address: Assign an email address for the switch. To Address: enter the address(es) where email alarms are to be sent. Event Type: enable the events for which you want to receive email alerts.

4.2.4.3 Firmware upgrade MenuFirmware can also be upgraded via a TFTP if such a file has been prepared. Create a TFTP server and upload into it the firmware file to be downloaded. This feature helps you to keep updating the firmware with new or enhanced features. Press the “Tab” key to move through options; press the “enter” key to select/unselect; click “esc” to cancel.File Name: Enter a filename for the new firmware.IP Address: enter the IP address of a TFTP server.Click “Upgrade”; the switch will download the file and restart to effect the new settings.

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4.2.4.4 User Configuration Menu

4.2.5 Port counter Menu

This screen displays all of the ports’ statistics. 4.2.6 system restart MenuYou can remotely restart the switch or reset factory defaults via software without turning it off. WARNING: If you highlight either “Restore Factory default Settings” or “System Reset” and press the “enter” key, the procedure will begin immediately.Restore Factory Default Settings: Pressing the “enter” key with this option highlighted will set the switch back to factory defaults. All saved configurations will be lost.System Reset: Pressing the “enter” key with this option highlighted will reboot the switch. After rebooting, it will be necessary to log in again. 4.3 Management via an internet browser interface open a Web browser and enter the IP address of the switch; then press “enter.” The Web Manager screen will display. The default username is “admin”; there is no preset password. Click “oK.”

4.3.1 system detailsonce your Web browser connects with the switch’s Web agent, the homepage is displayed, presenting the main menu on the left and System Information as the initial screen.

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4.3.1.1 system InformationDescription/Model Name: Identifies the device.Object ID: This is the Id or serial number of the switch.Up Time: This is the total time the system has been operating.System Name: enter any name for the switch.Contact: enter a contact name.Location: enter the location of the switch.DHCP Client: enter the client’s name or disable.IP Address: The default is 192.168.0.254.Subnet Mask: The default is 255.255.255.0.Gateway: The default is 192.168.0.1.Click “Undo” to restore previously saved settings; click “Save” to retain new entries. NOTE: It’s important that a new IP address be established; addresses shown other than factory defaults are for example only.

4.3.1.2 board InformationHardware Version: lists for reference.Firmware Version: lists for reference.Port Number: The number of available ports.

4.3.1.3 DHCP ConfigurationDHCP Client: Choose either “enable” or “disable.”DHCP Client State: lists for reference.DHCP Leased Time: listed in seconds.DHCP Expiry Time: listed in seconds. 4.3.2 ConfigurationThis presents two sub-menus — Port Configuration and Port Status — that allow you to view and change individual port parameters.

4.3.2.1 Port ConfigurationPort: Defines the type of each port.Name: Assign a name to each port to keep a record of your connections.Type: Defines the type of connector used for each port (auto-detectes fiber and RJ-45).Admin: Enable or disable the admin configurations.Speed Status: displays the speed at which a port is currently operating. Speed Setting: Select the speed for the RJ-45 ports. (The speed for the fiber ports is fixed.)

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Fast ethernet Managed SwitchINTellINeT NeTWoRK SolUTIoNS 523769

Duplex Status: displays the status (either “Half” or “Full”).Duplex Setting: Select either “Half” or “Full.”Link: displays the status.Auto: Select “enable” or “disable” for auto-negotiation of the copper ports. Flow Control: Select “enable” or “disable” for each port.Click “Undo” to restore previously saved settings; click “Save” to retain new entries. NOTE: Before configuring Speed or Duplex, disable the auto-negotiation function.

4.3.2.2 port status

This screen presents a full view of the status of switch operations. 4.3.3 bridge MenuThe bridge menu is used for configuring the Jet Ring, Spanning Tree Algorithm and Xpress Ring settings, as well as the traffic class priority threshold and the address aging time.Jet Ring offers fast recovery time of less than 300 ms in case of link failure (if enabled). It has a longer recovery time than Xpress Ring (50 ms), but it needs almost no setup configuration.Xpress Ring offers a very fast link-failure recovery time of 50 ms, but you must select the role of the switch (arbiter or forward) and which two ports will be part of the Xpress Ring network.

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The Spanning Tree Algorithm is used for detecting and disabling network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to communicate and interact with other bridging (STA-compliant) devices in a network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations.

4.3.3.1 Bridge Configuration (Enable/Disable STP, Jet Ring or Xpress Ring)Disabled: disables the redundancy function.STP 802.1D: This activates a redundant link via the Spanning Tree Protocol.Jet Ring: This activates a redundant link with a recovery time of less than 300 ms.Xpress Ring: This activates a redundant link with a recovery time of less than 50 ms.STP Ports 1 – 8): When enabled (“V”), the selected port participates in the STP algorithm execution of the switch when “STP 802.1d” is selected. When disabled (“–”), the port does not participate.Click “Undo” to restore previously saved settings; click “Save” to retain new entries.

4.3.3.2 STP System Configuration

NOTE: For the options on the STP System Configuration screen to be accessible, “802.1D” must be selected on the Bridge Configuration screen (see 4.3.3.1 above).Bridge Priority: Set the bridge priority between 0 (the highest priority) and 65535 (the lowest priority). The bridge priority is used in selecting the root device, root port and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device.Hello Time: Set the time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a configuration message. The limits are 1 – 10 seconds.Forward Delay: Set the maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before changing states (e.g., listening to learning to forwarding). The limits are 4 – 30 seconds.Max. Age: Set the waiting time for receiving packets before attempting to reconfigure the link. The limits are 6 – 40 seconds.Click “Undo” to restore previously saved settings; click “Save” to retain new entries.

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4.3.3.3 STP Per-Port ConfigurationSTP allows the switch to assign a priority status to each of its ports with respect to other networking nodes in the network. In other words, STP determines the best route for data to flow given the priority level of each node on the network. ensure that this function is activated to avoid collisions and when setting up backup links.Port Type Priority: Set the priority of each port. The limits are 1 – 255. The lowest number is highest priority, and the default priority is set to 128 — the midpoint of the range.Cost: Setting the cost will determine the route of information flow. The higher the cost the less suitable the port is to being a node for the STP.Click “Undo” to restore previously saved settings; click “Save” to retain new entries.

4.3.3.4 Jet Ring StatusNOTE: For the Jet Ring Status screen to be viewable, “Jet Ring” must be selected on the Bridge Configuration screen (see 4.3.3.1 above).Master Bridge MAC Address: displays the MAC address of the switch in the ring.Jet Ring Total Nodes: This is the number of switches forming the ring.Bridge Role: The role of the switch.Port Role: The role of each port.Ring Port: displays which of the ports are serving as ring ports.

4.3.3.5 Xpress Ring ConfigurationSelect the switch’s role in the Xpress Ring network and the ports that will be part of the Xpress Ring. If the network’s configuration changes (e.g., due to a node failure or added switch), make sure these settings are still valid — if the ring is set for XPress Ring.Xpress Ring Role: When set as “Arbiter,” the switch receives status reports from other switches in the ring and determines the ring’s recovery behaviors. When set as “Forward,” the switch forward’s the received status reports on the other side of the ring ports.

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status

Select Ring Port – 1: Enter the first ring port with the link composing part of the Xpress Ring.Select Ring Port – 2: enter the second ring port with the link composing part of the Xpress Ring.Port Status: displays the ring port status either as “Forwarding” (packet transmitting and receiving) or as “Blocking” (the port is disabled or the link is down). 4.3.4 Vlan MenuA VlAN (Virtual lAN) is a network of computers behaving as though they are connected to the same lAN segment even though their physical location may be on a different lAN altogether. VLANs are configured through software rather than hardware, which makes them extremely flexible. Among the advantages of VLANs: • When a computer is physically moved to another location, it can stay on the same VlAN without any hardware reconfiguration because VLANs aren’t limited by hardware constraints. • VLANs can be configured to define a network into various logical configurations. For example, VLANs can define a network by application. In this scenario, a company might create one VlAN for multimedia users and another for email users. • VLANs can also define a network by department. For example, a company might have one VlAN for its engineering department, another for Marketing and another for Sales. • VLANs can also be set up according to the organization’s internal structure. For example, the company president might have his/her own VLAN, the executive staff might have a different VlAN and the remaining employees might have yet another VlAN.

4.3.4.1 VLAN Type (Configuration)This screen allows the selection of the VlAN type for the switch.Disabled: The VlAN function is disabled.Port Base: The VlAN function is enabled for port-based VlANs.Tagging Base: The VLAN function is enabled for IEEE802.1Q VLANs.Click “Undo” to restore previously saved settings; click “Save” to retain new entries.

4.3.4.1.1 Vlan ConfiguRaTion (PoRT-basED) This screen is enabled only when the VlAN Type (see 4.3.4.1 above) is set as “Port Base.”Port Number/ Members: Click the corresponding check box(es) for any of the port(s) you want to be activated.Management Switch: When set to “enable,” you can manage the switch as a Web/Telnet client or SNMP manager via this port. When set to “disable,” the switch is not manageable in this manner.Click “Undo” to restore previously saved settings; click “Save” to retain new entries.

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4.3.4.1.2 Tag-basED Vlan PoRT ConfiguRaTion (PoRT info)

This screen is enabled when the VlAN Type (see 4.3.4.1 above) is set as “Tagging Base,” and lets you configure the way each port treats incoming frames marked for tag-based VLANs.PVID: Set the port’s VlAN Id, which is assigned to all untagged frames received on this port. The limits are 1 – 4095. Priority: Set VlAN Priority between 0 (the lowest priority) and 7 (the highest priority).Ingress Filter: Three configurations can be set with these options. • Non-Member = Forward; Untagged = Forward: This forwards VLAN-tagged frames that aren’t members of any VlAN in which the port is participating; and forwards all untagged frames. • Non-Member = Drop; Untagged = Forward: This drops VLAN-tagged frames that aren’t members of any VlAN in which the port is participating; and forwards all untagged frames. • Non-Member = Drop; Untagged = Drop: This drops VLAN-tagged frames that aren’t members of any VlAN in which the port is participating; and drops all untagged frames.Double Tag: When set to “enable,” the egress frames are double-tagged. When set to “disable,” the egress frames are not double-tagged.

4.3.4.2 tag-based InfoThis sub-menu presents two options for configuring as many as 64 VLANs on the switch.

4.3.4.2.1 Tag-basED Vlan TablE VLAN ID: This displays previously configured VLANs. Click on a VId number to display the port information of that VlAN.Untagging: The port is an untagging port (as defined by 802.1Q) that is participating in the VLAN. In such an untagged port, the switch will strip off the 802.1Q tag from incoming and outgoing frames if they are tagged this way. This is used to send frames to non-802.1Q- compliant devices.Tagging: The port is a tagging port (as defined by 802.1Q) and is participating in the VLAN. The switch will put the VlAN information of the port – including VId and Priority – into the header of the untagged frames coming

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in or transmitted from the port. The tagged VlAN information in the frames can later be used by other 802.1Q-compliant devices for forwarding decisions.No: The port is not participating in the VLAN as identified by the selected VID (VLAN ID). Click “Modify” to re-set any new configuration of the selected VLAN; click “Delete” to remove the VlAN entries of the selected VlAN.

4.3.4.2.2 aDD Vlan ConfiguRaTion This is a work area where you can add VlAN configuration entries onto the Tag-Based VLAN Table. Enter a valid configurable 802.1Q VID ranging from 1 to 4094 into the field on the first row. Next, specify the parameters for each port (as described above) to determine if and how the specific port will participate in that specific VLAN. Click “Save” to add the new VLAN to the Tag-Based VlAN Table.

4.3.4.3 Management Vlan

The management VlAN is the VlAN Id that in-band management stations belong to. The VlAN Id of the port that receives the management messages must be the same as the management VlAN Id. The Web or Telnet session will be disconnected after the management VlAN is changed. 4.3.5 rate control

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This screen is for setting the jumbo packet length and rate control for each port on the switch. Jumbo Packet Length: Select the size of packets: 1535 for double-tagged packets or jumbo packets; 1522 for normally tagged packets. 1518 bytes is actually allowed for untagged packets.Ingress Limit Mode: Select one of four multicast rate limit options to block the specified traffic from the port. • All Frames: Restrict all kinds of packets (default) exceeding the rate set in the Ingress/Egress Rate fields. • Multicast/Broadcast & Flooded unicast: Restrict these packets when exceeding the set value. • Multicast/Broadcast only: Restrict these packets when exceeding the assigned value. • Broadcast only: Restrict broadcast only packets when exceeding the assigned limit.Ingress/Egress Rate: Set the threshold of traffic of limited packets for each port on the switch.Click in each parameter field to modify the desired setting, then click “Save” to retain newly entered information; click “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations.NOTE: The maximum limited rate for the first two (Gigabit) ports is 256 Mbps; the maximum limited rate for the six 10/100TX ports is 64 Mbps. 4.3.6 Port MirroringSet the port mirroring option to monitor data being transmitted through a specific port.Mirror Mode: Select the appropriate mode from among three options. • Disable: Mirror Mode is disabled. • Ingress & Egress: Monitor both the incoming and the outgoing traffic. • Egress: Monitor only outgoing traffic.Monitoring Port: Select the port that will do the monitoring.Monitored Port: Select the port that needs to be monitored.Click in each parameter field to modify the desired setting, then click “Save” to retain newly entered information; click “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations. 4.3.7 Trunk ConfigurationPort Trunking defines a network link aggregation and trunking method that specifies how to create a single high-speed logical link that combines several low-speed physical links. Use this Trunk Configuration screen to create trunk groups. The switch supports a maximum of four trunk groups for 100 Mbps ports, plus an additional trunk group for Gigabit ports. NOTE: The 100 Mbps ports and the Gigabit ports cannot be grouped together. Each trunk group in groups 1 – 4 can be composed of up to four ports selected from any combination of 100 Mbps ports. Trunk Group 5 can only consist of the two Gigabit Combo ports. Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; click “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations.

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4.3.8 igMP MenuThe IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) menu is used to configure IGMP snooping. IGMP is a protocol through which hosts can register with their local router for multicast services. If there is more than one multicast router on a given sub-network, one of the routers assumes the responsibility of keeping track of group membership.

4.3.8.1 IGMP ConfigurationIGMP Snooping: Set to “enable” or “disable.”IGMP Query: Select the preferred setting. Port (1 – 8) IGMP Static: When set to “Enable” (“V”), multicast packets will be forwarded to IGMP static ports without the learning process and timeout of multicast group membership. It is generally applied to those ports of uplinks or audio/video equipment that will not be flexibly reconfigured. NOTE: In order to keep the switch traffic moving efficiently, the last byte of the IP address should not be the same as that of the IGMP group. For example, if the switch’s IP address is 192.168.0.10 and the IGMP router/switch’s address is 192.168.21.10, this will cause the switch to operate in a less efficient manner. Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations.

4.3.8.2 IgMp groups statusThis screen displays the IGMP group status of the port members if IGMP traffic is present. 4.3.9 Mac MenuThis menu presents four configuration options: MAC Table Status, Lock Learning MAC, Static MAC Configuration and MAC Limit Configuration.

4.3.9.1 MAC Table Status“P” indicates the MAC is learned from a downlink port; “T” that the MAC is learned from a trunk port.

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4.3.9.2 lock Mac address learning You can stop specific ports from learning MAC addresses by selecting and “locking” them here. Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; click “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations.

4.3.9.3 Static MAC Configurationon this screen, you can select a static MAC configuration for certain port(s) of the switch. Add the valid MAC address in the MAC field, then select the priority and port number. Click “Save” to implement the input. The static MAC addresses and their settings will be displayed in the table below the input bar (on the lower half of the screen). Click “Delete” to void the configuration.

4.3.9.4 MAC Limit Configuration

This menu lets you limit the number of incoming MAC addresses per port. MAC Limit Function: To disable this function entirely, select the “disable” option.Limit Quantity: Set the range from 1 to 20 per port. The MAC addresses learned are recorded on a per-port basis. only the frames with such recorded MAC addresses will be forwarded. This

35CONFIGURATION

learning process will be conducted every three minutes, so if you change the network interface card of the PC or IP appliance the new MAC address will be learned in three minutes by the switch, with the set quantity limitations. Action: The MAC limit function can be disabled or enabled per port. Generally, this function is only enabled for downlink ports.Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations. 4.3.10 Qos MenuQoS (Quality of Service) refers to the mechanisms in the switch’s network software that make the actual determinations of which packets have priority. The switch supports advanced QoS features like scheduling, classification and policing.

4.3.10.1 Base ConfigurationThis screen is for setting the basic QoS configuration.Schedule Mode: Select either “Weighted fair queuing” or “All high before low.” Weighted fair queuing (WFQ) is a packet-scheduling technique allowing guaranteed bandwidth services. The purpose of WFQ is to let several sessions share the same link. Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations.

4.3.10.2 tag priorityYou can define up to eight different priority values for the tagged VlAN frames. Select the priority queue number for the switch to map the MAC frames into different priority queues: “High,” “Preferred,” “Normal” or “low.” Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations.

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4.3.10.3 Ip tos priorityThis screen presents up to 63 different priorities. Select the most suitable combination.

4.3.11 Management ConfigurationThis sub-menu features the serial port configuration screen, which can be utilized while accessing the switch via the console port.Management Mode, Baud Rate, Data Bits, Stop Bits, Parity: These are the default CoM port properties.Time Out: Set the time (in seconds) for auto-logout in case there is no activity for that time period.Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations. 4.3.12 SNMP Configuration

4.3.12.1 snMp communitiesCommunity Names: For GeT, the community name (“public”) is for reference only. For SeT, the community name can be renamed; for example, for individuals with access to this management program.NOTE: You can use an external SNMP-based application to configure and manage the switch. This management method requires the SNMP agent on the switch and the SNMP network management station to use the same community string. This method actually uses two community strings: GET and SET. If the SNMP network management station only knows the SET community string, it can read and write to the MIBs (management information bases) of the devices; however, if it only knows the GeT community string, it can only read the MIBs. The default for the GeT and SeT community strings for the switch is “public.”Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations.

4.3.12.2 Ip trap ManagerThe tables on this screen describe how to specify the management stations that are to receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch. Up to five trap

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managers may be assigned.IP Address: enter the IP address of terminals for when abnormalities on a connection occur and an alarm needs to be sent. The alarm will be sent to these terminals: Enter their community names and disable or enable their alarm function accordingly. Community Name: Enter the community names.Status: Disable or enable the alarm functions.Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations. 4.3.13 Email Alarm ConfigurationThe switch can send alarm notifications via email to assigned email addresses in case of any abnormal event. Up to five email addresses can be assigned.

Email Alarm: Enable or disable the email alarm notification. (default = “Disable”)Mail Server IP: enter the IP address of the mail server.From: enter the valid email address assigned to the switch.To: Enter up to five email address to which email will be sent.Alarm Type: enable or disable the type of event that should trigger an mail alarm.Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations. 4.3.14 User ConfigurationIf this is the first time your’re logging in to the configuration program, the default username is “admin” with no password. The “user level” access allows configuration to

38CONFIGURATION

all parameters and statistics. It’s recommended that you define a new administrator password, record it and put it in a safe place. NOTE: Passwords can consist of up to 12 alphanumeric characters (up to 20 for the username), and they are not case sensitive. Five users can be configured by the switch. Username: Modify the default username.User Password: Modify the password.User Level: The menu presents two options: • Read/Write: Users with the user level “Read/Write” have administrator privileges and can view and change the configurations of the switch. • Read Only: Users with the user level “Read Only” can only view the configurations.Click “Save” to retain newly entered information; “Undo” to restore previously saved configurations. 4.3.15 firmware download (upgrade system)Use the HTTP download menu to load software updates into the permanent flash ROM in the switch. The download file should be in a binary format; otherwise, the agent will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the quality of the network connection. After downloading the new software, the agent will automatically restart itself.File Name: Click “Browse” to find and select the firmware to be uploaded.Start Upgrade: Once the firmware file is selected, click to upgrade the systems. The switch will restart once the new firmware is uploaded. 4.3.16 Confirmation File (System Backup)The switch enables you to get a backup of the configuration file.Backup Setting: Click this button first to begin making a backup of the switch’s configurations. Follow the prompts to save the configurations to a designated terminal. Browse: Click to select the downloaded/backed-up configuration file.Restore Setting: Click “Browse” to select the desired saved file, then click “Restore Setting” to retrieve it. 4.3.17 system restart Menu (restart option)These two options are available without turning off power to the switch. System Restore Factory Default Settings: WARNING: Clicking “Restore” will set the switch back to factory defaults. All saved configurations will be lost.System Reset: Click “Reset” to reboot the switch. After rebooting, you’ll need to log in again.

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4.4 cli via the console Port (basic instructions) This section continues the initial setup in section 4.1 by presenting some basic instructions for using command line interface to configure the switch. 1. Open a command-prompt window and enter the following command line, in which the “xxx” segments represent the IP address: telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. 2. Press the “enter” key to start. NOTE: The default login is “admin,” with no preset password. 3. The program presents both ClI and menu-driven interfaces. enter “1” to select ClI operation.At this point, enter “?” or “help” and press the “enter” key to display a fulll list of help commands and their function definitions. 4.4.1 help commands

Use the list above when configuring the switch management agent. Where appropriate, a status report can be displayed by entering “show” followed by the parameter name. 4.4.2 show commands

Enter “show” and press the “Enter” key to display a full list of configuration commands.

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4.4.3 System Configurations

enter the command line and follow the argument list. NOTE: Be sure to include a space between command segments; for example: set eth0 ip xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. A confirmation message will follow.By using a similar command line, all the other available system parameters — as listed below — can be modified to suit your own network requirements.• set admin — Follow the prompts to change username and password.• set eth0 — Configure ip (new IP address); network mask (new network mask); or gateway (new gateway).• set switch — Set switch parameters like jumbo frame, max age and counter.• set idle (time in seconds) — Set automatic logout when the program is idle.• set port name — Use this command to assign a name to each port.• admin — enable/disable.• speed — Set the speed for each port.• duplex — Set the duplex mode for each port.• autonego — enable/disable auto-negotiation.• loopback — enable/disable loopback.• mcrate — Assign a limit for multicast rate.• egress — Switch treatment of RX packets.• ingress — Port treatment of TX packets.• priority — Set the priority for each port.• ffc — enable/disable Activate Flow control.• vid — Assign VlAN Ids.• set rmon — Clear rmon display. • set mirror — Configure the mirroring port.• set snmp — Configure snmp and communities.

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4.4.3.1 Switch ConfigurationsTh

enter the command line and follow the argument list. NOTE: Be sure to include a space between command segments; for example, for setting the switch age: set switch age 1. A confirmation message will follow. NOTE: Each switch age unit is equal to 16 seconds. The default is 304 seconds. The limits are 1 – 255 units. This is the time-out period in seconds for aging out dynamically learned forwarding information.By using a similar command line, the other switch parameters — like frame and counter — can be modified to suit your own requirements.

4.4.3.2 Port Configurations

enter the command line and follow the argument list. NOTE: Be sure to include a space between command segments; for example, for changing or setting the name of Port 1: set port 1 name office. A confirmation message will follow.By using a similar command line, the other port parameters can be modified to suit your own requirements.

4.4.3.3 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) ConfigurationsSTP allows the switch to assign a priority status on the switch with respect to other networking nodes in the network. ensure that this function is activated when setting up backup links and to avoid collisions.enter the command line and follow the argument list. NOTE: Be sure to include a space between command segments; for example, for changing/setting the STP status: set stp enable. A confirmation message will follow.By using a similar command line, the other STP parameters can be modified to suit your own requirements.

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4.4.3.4 Virtual LAN (VLAN) Configurations

enter the command line and follow the argument list. NOTE: Be sure to include a space between command segments; for example, for changing or setting the VLANs: set vlan. A confirmation message will follow.By using a similar command line, the other port parameters can be modified to suit your own requirements. 4.4.4 SNMP Configurations Using CLI

4.4.4.1 SNMP Configurations

enter the command line and follow the argument list. NOTE: Be sure to include a space between command segments; for example, for changing or setting SNMP functions: set snmp contact service@MyCompany.com. A confirmation message will follow.4.4.4.2 set snMp trapsThere are five addresses an alarm can be sent to when abnormalities occur on a connection. To set up this list, use the following example to configure your own list. enter the command line and press the “Enter” key: set snmp trapip 1 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx set snmp trapcommunity 1 Bob

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Use a similar command line to configure traps 2 – 5. Enter “show snmp” to view the entire list. (See 4.3.12.2 to enable each trap community.)

4.4.4.3 set email

There are five email addresses an alarm can be sent to when abnormalities occur on a connection. To set up the email list and other parameters, use the following example. Enter the command line and press the “Enter” key: set email to 1 admin@MyCompany.com set email from 523769@MyCompany.com(See 4.3.13 to enable the email alarm.)

5 troublEshootingThe network administrator can observe and monitor most areas of the switch status using the led indicators on the front panel to quickly identify problems. This section offers possible solutions to three of the more common problems that may arise.

symptom: The power indicator does not light up after power on.cause: defective power outlet or power cord.Solution: Verify if the power outlet is functioning normally by plugging in another properly operating device. Connect the power cord to another device to test. If these two tests fail to resolve the problem, replace the power supply unit.symptom: The link indicator does not light up after making a connection.cause: The network cable or fiber/copper port is defective.Solution: Ensure that the attached device and switch are powered on. Verify that the fiber and/or copper cable has been properly connected to both devices. Make sure that the cabling distance does not exceed specified limits. Inspect the cable for defects and replace if necessary.symptom: The unit powers off during operation after a period of time.cause: loose power connections, power surges/loss or unavailability of redundant power.Solution: ensure that all power connections are secure and that the unit fans have proper ventilation. If unable to correct the problem by the above measures, it may be necessary to replace the internal power supply unit.

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6 sPEcificationsappendix a rJ-45 cables When connecting your network devices, use a standard Cat3 eight-way cable for a 10Base-T configuration and a Cat5 cable for 100Base-TX. The pin assignments are as follows:Pin 1 TD+ Pair 2 White/OrangePin 2 TD- Pair 2 Orange/WhitePin 3 RX+ Pair 3 White/GreenPin 4 N/A Pair 1 Blue/WhitePin 5 N/A Pair 1 White/BluePin 6 RX- Pair 3 Green/WhitePin 7 N/A Pair 4 Brown/WhitePin 8 N/A Pair 4 Brown/White

NOTE: The switch features automatic MDI/MDI-X and NWay on RJ-45 ports.

console cable (rJ-45 to db-9) When connecting your switch’s console port to your CoM port, use the provided console cable. The pin assignments are as follows:

snMP trap list

45SPECIFICATIONS

RJ-45 pin assignment

RJ-45 (8-pin) to DB-9 (F)

pin assignment

1. Switch Traps Group (private)• Cold start• Warm start• link up• link down• System configuration change

2. MIB-II Traps• Cold start• Warm start• link up• link down• Authentication failure

46SPECIFICATIONS

standards• Ieee 802.3 (10Base-T ethernet)• Ieee 802.3u (100Base-TX Fast ethernet)• IEEE 802.3x (flow control, for full duplex mode)• Ieee 802.3ab (Twisted Pair Gigabit ethernet)• Ieee 802.3z (Fiber optic Gigabit ethernet)• Ieee 802.1d (Spanning Tree Protocol)• IEEE 802.1p (QoS)• Ieee 802.1q (VlAN)• Ieee 802.1w (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol)• SNMPv1 (Simple Network Management Protocol)• SNMPv2c (Simple Network Management Protocol)

general• Media support: - 10Base-T Cat3, 4, 5 UTP/STP RJ-45 - 100Base-TX Cat5 UTP/STP RJ-45 - 1000Base-T Cat5e UTP/STP RJ-45• Packet filter/forwarding rate: - 1,488,000 pps (1,000 Mbps) - 148,800 pps (100 Mbps) - 14,880 pps (10 Mbps)• Buffer memory: 128 kBytes• MAC address table: 8,192 entries• Backplane speed: 5.6 Gbps• Switch architecture: store and forward• Ports - 8 x RJ-45 Fast Ethernet ports - 2 x RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet / SFP Mini-GBIC transceiver module combo ports• Reset: software reset, hardware reset via button• Certifications: FCC Class A, CE Mark, VCCI Class A, eN 60950

smart Features• VLAN: 8 groups, port- and tag-based• QoS Quality of Service: - IP ToS with up to 63 different priorities - diffServ - 4 priority queues: high, preferred, normal, low• Port configuration options - enable/disable - 10, 100 Mbps or auto-negotiation for 10/100 Mbps ports - full or half duplex for 10/100 Mbps ports - flow control enable/disable for all ports - Administrator access allowed/disallowed for all ports - Port name for all ports

• Bandwidth control options: 128 kbps, 256 kbps, 512 kbps, 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps, 4 Mbps, 8 Mbps, 16 Mbps, 32 Mbps, 64 Mbps, no limit• Port Mirroring - define one sniffer port - define up to eight mirrored ports - two monitoring modes: incoming, incoming & outgoing• SNMP Configuration - enable/disable - trap IP - Community Get - Community set• IGMP Configuration - IGMP snooping enable/disable - IGMP query enable/disable/auto - Port 1 - 10: enable

leds• Power• Post (indicates successful startup)• Link/Tx per port• 10/100/1,000 Mbps per port• link for SFP ports

power• Internal power supply, 100 – 240 V AC, 50/60 Hz• +12 V dC Power option via terminal block• Power consumption: 15 Watts (maximum)

environmental• Metal housing, desktop size• Dimensions: 268 (W) x 145 (L) x 44 (H) mm (10.5 x 5.7 x 1.7 in.)• Weight: 1.2 kg (2.6 lbs.)• Operating temperature: 0 – 50°C (32 – 122°F)• Operating humidity: 5 – 95% RH, non-condensing• Storage temperature: -20 – 70°C (-4 – 158°F)

package contents• Gigabit ethernet Managed Switch• 19” mounting brackets• Power cable• User manual

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