modal verbs unit 3 2º bachillerato ies valmayor. outline general features modal verbs/semi modals...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
MODAL VERBS
UNIT 3 2º BachilleratoIES VALMAYOR
![Page 2: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OUTLINE
GENERAL FEATURES
MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses
![Page 3: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
GENERAL FEATURES THEY ARE FOLLOWED BY BARE INFINITIVE (EXCEPT
OUGHT TO/HAVE TO) Ex: She should be here by five o´clock
They do not have TENSES or forms (-ed, -ing, 3rd person singular –s) Ex: He can speak five different languages
They act as auxiliaries in questions and negative sentences. Ex: She might not come since she is very angry with
me/ Should I speak to her? We do not find those features in be able to, have
to,need (this one can be modal or ordinary verb)
![Page 4: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MODALS EXPRESSING ABILITY
CAN: PRESENT ABILITY EX: She can read minds.
COULD: PAST ABILITY Ex: At the age of five , she could read
and write.
![Page 5: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SEMI-MODAL VERBS BE ABLE TO To express ability in all those tenses CAN,
COULD can´t be used Ex: she hasn´t been able to find a job yet
Was/were able(managed just once) to vs could (general ability in the past) Ex: At the age of six, I could play the piano Ex: At the age of six, I couldn´t play the piano.
But once, I was able to play the happy birthday song once.
![Page 6: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
MODALS OF POSSIBILITY AND CERTAINTY 100% SURE. must
50% POSSIBLE may/might
0% SURE / IMPOSSIBLE can´t
![Page 7: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MODALS OF CERTAINTY
MUST (Guess, deduction) EX: Lucy must be the winner. She’s the
fastest one.
CAN’T (Negative deduction) EX: Lucy can´t be the winner. She’s not
very fast.
![Page 8: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
MODALS OF POSSIBILITY
MAY/MIGHT/CAN/COULD (might and could are less probable Might: past of may: The car looked
like it might explode any time. Ex: It may rain tomorrow. You might
fall of the ladder.
![Page 9: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
MODALS OF OBLIGATION MUST (Inner/speaker obligation)
EX: You must study harder if you want to pass your exams
Have to (Rules) Ex: Girls have to wear uniform in private schools
That difference tends to disappear Have to Semi-modal in form For all the tenses where MUST cannot be
used. She had to get up early last Saturday since she
had to attend a very important lecture
![Page 10: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
PROHIBITION/NO OBLIGATION
MUSTN´T (PROHIBITION) Ex: You mustn´t lie on your CV
NEED (NECESSITY) You need to take some time off
(NOT HAVE TO) NO OBLIGATION Ex: you don´t have to pick me up if you don´t
want to (it´s not compulsory) NEEDN´T isn´t followed by to
Ex:You needn’t study for this exam.
![Page 11: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
MODALS OF ADVICE
SHOULD/OUGHT TO They are used to express advice
Ex: You ought not to apply for that job. Ex: He should walk to school. Ex: You shouldn’t eat so many
chocolates.
![Page 12: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Permission
CAN/MAY/COULD It depends on the degree of
politeness (May is more formal) Can / May I come in? Could I come in Mr Robinson?
![Page 13: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
WILL/WOULD/SHALL
SHALL OFFER/SUGGESTION:Shall I help you? WOULD Offer: Would you like a cup of tea? Past habit: I would visit my
grandparents every weekend. (used to) and past of will.
![Page 14: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
WILL
Future and predictions: We will be there on time.
Polite request: Will you please fetch me the book?
![Page 15: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
MODALS+PERFECT INFINITIVES
MIGHT/MAY/COULD HAVE +PAST PARTICIPLE (They refer to the past)
Something which was possible in the past but it didn´t finally happen EX: She could have taken the job but she
didn´t. I might have phoned her
![Page 16: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MODALS + PERFECT INFINITIVES
Must have…. Logical inference about the past
Ex: you must have seen John at the party.
They must have felt very upset after the incident.
![Page 17: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
MODALS + PERFECT INFINITIVES
Can’t have….. ( It’s impossible that) Ex: She can’t have understood the
question. That can’t be Tom, because Tom is taller.
![Page 18: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SHOULD HAVE+ PAST PARTICIPLE
To express your opinions about something in the past that was not right or an advice that wasn’t followed. Ex: He should have apologised. Ex: You should have come with us.
![Page 19: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
SHOULDN´T HAVE
It´s used to express or show regret or express some criticism I shouldn´t have drunk that much He shouldn’t have behaved like that.
![Page 20: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
HAD BETTER
FORM HAD BETTER+ BARE INFINITIVE HAD BETTER NOT+BARE INFINITIVE
Ex: We´d better stop for petrol soon. The tank is almost empty
Use: We use it for a particular situation and not for general advice
Warning: You’d better stop shouting.
![Page 21: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
WOULD RATHER
FORM WOULD RATHER+BARE INFINITIVE WOULD RATHER NOT+BARE
INFINITIVE Ex: I´d rather not go out this evening if
you don´t mind Ex: I´d rather stay at home than go out
![Page 22: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
WOULD RATHER
I´d rather you did something Notice the difference:
I´d rather cook the dinner now. I´m in a hurry I´d rather you didn´t cook. You are a
terrible chef
![Page 23: MODAL VERBS UNIT 3 2º Bachillerato IES VALMAYOR. OUTLINE GENERAL FEATURES MODAL VERBS/SEMI MODALS Different meanings and uses](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56649f525503460f94c76545/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
RATHER
Used together with prefer I prefer coke to water I prefer drinking coke to drinking water I prefer drinking coke rather than water