mobbing
TRANSCRIPT
MOBBINGPsychological Terror at the Workplace
Begum OTKEN
Mobbing
Konrad Lorenz used to describe animal behaviors in ^60s.
Dr. Peter Paul Heinemann used to describe the behaviors of children in ^70s.
Dr. Leymann used it to describe the group violence between adults.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWJut7KQhI4&feature=related
Mobbing
delineates negative communicative actions, directed against an individual
by one or several others, and occurring very often and over a longer period of time, characterizing the relationship
between perpetrator and victim.
(Leyman, 1984).
Mobbing vs. Bullying
physically belligerent
Bullying hostile overbearing, individual
number of ordinary workers unfairly
gang Mobbing up on an individual, tormenting usually in
nonviolent ways.
Leymann’s Typology
effects on one’s possibilities to communicate adequately.
effects on one’s possibilities to maintain social contact.
effects on one’s possibilities to maintain personal reputation.
effects on one’s occupational situation.
effects on one’s physical health.
Who are the Victims?
Refuse to be subservient
Superior competence or technical skills
Social skills
Ethical, honest reporting of fraud and abuse
Weak and submissive
Mobbing as a Process
Stage 1: characterized by a conflict.
Stage 2: aggressive behaviors
Stage 3: management involves
Stage 4: victims are labeled as mentally ill
Stage 5: firing
Symptoms of MobbingFirst degree mobbing:
Crying, occasional sleep disorder, susceptibility, lack of concentration
Second degree mobbing:high blood pressure, depression, stomach
and intestinal problems, running away from work, loosing or putting on weight, alcohol consumption
Third degree mobbing:Severe depression, panic attacks, heart attacks,
commiting suicide, violence to other people.
Mobbing with Numbers
►154000 people in Sweden are victims of mobbing and %15 of suicides is related to mobbing
►4 million people in USA are victims of mobbing
►There are 24 hour hot lines in some countries.
►in EU, at least 12 million people experience mobbing.
►nearly half of the mobbing incidents are actualized by groups between 2-4 people.
►generally women on women and men on men
Numbers from Turkey16% finding nonexisting errors
9% looking hostilely
6% humilitating in meetings
14% isolation
13% establishing senseless rules
9% evidently disregarding successful work
5% unkindly criticizing
(HRM Research, Hürriyet HR 16 July 2006)
Consequences of Mobbing
for the victim
for the organization Sickness absenteeism
Increased turnover rates
Reduced productivity
Grievance and ligitation costs: severance pay.
Coping with Mobbing
Individual Methods
-developing trust, and consciousness
-individual stress management
Coping with MobbingOrganizational Methods
-redesigning organizational culture and climate
-developing ethical values
-managing conflicts
-making changes in job design
-communication
-legal arrangement
Legal Situation around the World….
It is a legal crime in Scandinavian countries.
Germany added mobbing to collective labour agreement.
In France, penalty is 1 year imprisonment and 1.500€.
In Switzerland, perpetrators are fired.
In Italy, mobbing is seen as a occupational illness.