mnemonics

Flashcards: Nursing Tips- Mnemonics

Arianne R. Reyes, BSN, RNrnpedia042811

Steps in the Nursing ProcessADPIE (A Delicious PIE)

• A-ssessmentD- iagnosisP-lanningI-mplementationE-valuaton


Inflammation (HIPER)

• H-eatI-ndurationP-ainE-demaR-edness


Acid-Base (ROME)

• R-espiratoryO-ppositeM-etabolicE-qual


CANCER'S Early Warning SignsCAUTION UP

• C-hange in bowel or bladderA- lesion that does not healU-nusual bleeding or dischargeT-hickening or lump in breast or elsewhereI-ndigestion or difficulty swallowingO-bvious changes in wart or moleN-agging cough or persisten hoarsenessU-nexplained weight lossP-ernicious Anemia


CANCER Interventions

• C-omfortA-ltered Body ImageN-utritionC-hemotherapyE-valuate response to medsR-espite for caretakers


Hypoglycemia (TIRED)

- an abnormal decrease of blood in the sugar• T-achycardia

I-rritabilityR-estlessE-xcessive HungerD-iaphoresis/ Depression


Adrenal Gland Hormones (SSS)

• S-ugar (Glucocorticoids)S-alt (Mineralcorticoids)S-ex (Androgens)


Pulmonary Edema (MAD DOG)

• M-MorphineA-AminophyllineD- Digitalis

D-Diuretics (Lasix)O- OxygenG- ases (Blood Gases ABG's)


5 P's of Circulatory Checks

• P-PainP-ParesthesiaP-ParalysisP-PulseP-Pallor (Paleness)


Hypertension Nursing Care (DIURETIC)

• D-aily WeightI- ntake and Output (I & O)U- rine OutputR-esponse of BPE-lectrolytesT-ake PulsesI-schemic Episodes (TIA)C-omplications: 4C's


4 C's of Hypertension (Complications)

• C- Coronary Artery DiseaseC- Coronary Rheumatic FeverC- Congestive Heart FailureC- Cardio Vascular Accident


Complications of Trauma Client (TRAUMATIC)

• T-issue Perfusion ProblemsR-espiratory ProblemsA-nxietyU-nstable Clotting FactorsM-alnutritionA-ltered Body ImageT-hromboembolismI-nfectionC-oping Problems


Cyanotic Defects: 4 T's

• T- Tetralogy of FallotT- Truncus ArteriosusT- Transportation of the Great VesselsT- Tricuspid Atresia


Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 01

• O-Lympic (Olfactory)O-Pium (Optic)O-Ccupies (Oculomotor)T-ROubled (Trochlear)T-RIathletes (Trigeminal)A-fter (Abducens)F-inishing (Facial)V-Egas (Vestibulocochlear)G-ambling (Glossopharyngeal)V-Acations (Vagus)S-till (Spinal Accessory)H-igh (Hypoglossal)


Cranial Nerve Mnemonic 02

• O- OhO- OhO- OhT- ToT- TouchA- AndF - FeelAG - irl'sV - aginaS - SoH- Heavenly


Cranial Nerve Mnemonics 02(Sensory, Motor or Both)

• S- SomeS- SayM - MarryM- MoneyB- ButM- MyB - BrotherS- SaysB- BadB- BusinessM - MarryM - Money


Nursing Care for Sprains and Strains (RICE)

• R- RestI - IceC - CompressionE- Elevation


Care of Client in Traction (TRACTION)

• T- Temperature (Extremity, Infection)R - Ropes hang freelyA - AlignmentC - Circulation Check (5 P's)T- Type & Location of fractureI - Increase fluide intakeO - Overhead trapezeN - No weights on bed o


OB Non-Stress Test (NNN)

• 3 negatives in a row to interpret results of Non-Stress Test

• N - Non-reactiveN - Non- Stress isN - Not good


Severe Pre-Eclampsia (HELLP)

• H- emolysisE- levatedL- iver function testsL- owP- latelet count


Assessment Tests for Fetal Well-Being (ALONE)

• A- AmniocentesisL- L/S RatioO - Oxytocin TestN - Non-Stress TestE - Estriol Level


Evalution of Episiotomy Healing (REEDA)

• R- RednessE- EdemaE - EcchymosisD - Discharge, DrainageA - Approximation


Tracheal Esophageal Fistula (3 C's)

• C- ChokingC- CoughingC - Cyanosis


Cleft Lip - Post Op Care (CLEFT LIP)

• C-hokingL-ie on backE-valuate AirwayF-eed SlowlyT-eaching

L-arger nipple openingI-ncidence incerase in malesP-revent crust formation and aspiration


ADLs (Activity of Daily Living)BATTED

• B-athingA-mbulationT-oiletingT-ransfersE-atingD-ressing


IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) SCUM

• S-hoppingC-ooking and CleaningU-sing telephone or transportaitonM-anaging money and medications


Bleeding Precautions (RANDI)

• R- Razor Electric/ BladesA- AspirinN- No needles (esp. in small gauge)D- Do decrease in needle sticks)I - Injury (Protect from)


Canes and Walkers (COAL)

• C- CaneO- OppositeA- AffectedL- Leg


Canes and Walkers (WWAL)Wandering Wilma's Always Late

• W- WalkerW- WithA- AffectedL - Leg


Common Causes of Transient Incontinence (DIAPPERS)

• D-eliriumI-nfectionA-trophic UrethraP-harmaceuticalsP-sychologicE-xcess Urine OutputR-estricted MobilityS-tool Impaction


Promotion of Normal Elimination (POOPER SCOOP)

• P-ositionO-utputO-ffer FluidsP-rivacyE-xerciseR-eport Results

S-ize (Amount)C-onsistencyO-ccult BloodO-dorP-eristalsis


Emergency Trauma Assessment(ABCDEFGHI)

• A-irwayB-reathingC-irculationD-isabilityE-xamineF-ahrenheitG-et VitalsH-ead to Toe AssessmentI-ntervention


Trauma Surgery (AMPLE)after initial assessment

• A-llergiesM-edicationsP-ast Medical HistoryL-ast MealE-vents Surrounding Injury


6 P's of Dyspnea

• P- Pulmonary Bronchial ConstrictionP- Possible Foreign BodyP- Pulmonary EmbolusP- PneumothoraxP- Pump FailureP- Pneumonia


Lidocaine Toxicity (SAMS)

• S-lurred SpeechA-ltered Central Nervous SystemM-uscle TwitchingS-eizures


TDCI (These Drugs Can Interact)

• T - TheophylineD - DilantinC - CoumadinI - losone (Erythromycin)


Serious Complications of Oral Birth Control Pills (ACHES)

• A- Abdominal PainC - Chest PainH - HeadacheE - Eye ProblemsS - Severe Leg Pain


Emergency Drugs to LEAN on

• L- LidocaineE - EpinephrineA- Atropine SulfateN - Narcan


Drugs for Bradycardia & low BP (IDEA)

• I - IsoproterenolD - DopamineE - EpinephrineA - Atropine Sulfate


Cholinergic Crisis (SLUD)

• S-alivationL-acrimationU-rinationD-efecation


Depression Assessment (SIG)

• S-leep DisturbancesI-nterest DecreasedG-uilty Feelings


Energy Decreased (CAPS)

• C-oncentration decreasedA-ppetiteP-sychomotor function decreasedS-uicidal Ideations


5 A's to Alzheimer Diagnosis

• A-mnesiaA-nomiaA-praxiaA-gnosiaA-phasia


Major Symptoms of a Manic Attack (DIG FAST)

• D- DistractibilityI - IndiscretionG - Grandiosity

F- Flight of IdeasA- Activity IncreaseS- Sleep DeficitT - Talkative


3 P's of Blindness

• P- PreventableP- PainlessP- Permanent


Symptoms of Leukemia (ANT)

• A- AnemiaN- NeutropeniaT- Thrombocytopenia


Symptoms of Hypoxia (RAT BED)

• Early Hypoxia:R-estlessnessA-nxietyT-achycardia/ Tachypnea

Late Hypoxia:B-radycardiaE-xtreme RestlessnessD-yspnea


Symptoms of Hypoxia (in Pediatrics) - FINES

• F-eeding difficultyI-nspiratory StridorN-ares FlaresE-xpiratory GruntingS-ternal Retractions


Management of ASTHMA

• A-drenergics (Albuterol)S-teroidsT-heophyllineH-ydration (IV)M-ask (Oxygen)A-ntibiotics


Epiglottitis (AIR RAID)

• A-irway ClosedI-ncreased PulseR-estlessness

R-etractionsA-nxiety IncreasedI-nspiratory StridorD-rooling


Blood Flow Through the Cardiac Valves (Tissue Paper My Assets)

• T-ricuspidP-ulmonicM-itrialA-ortic


Treating CHF (UNLOAD FAST)

• U-pright PositionN-itrates (in low dose)L-asixO-xygenA-minophyllineD-igoxin

F-luids (decrease)A-fterload (decrease)S-odium restrictionT-est (Dig level, ABGs, K level)


DEMENTIA

• Make sure they don't have problems with:

D-rug and alcoholE-yes and earsM-etabolic and endocrine disordersE-motional disordersN-eurologic disordersT-umors and traumaI-nfectionA-rteriovascular disease


Osteoporosis Risk Factors (ACCESS)

• A-lcohol UseC-orticosteroid UseC-alcium lowE-strogen lowS-mokingS-edentary lifestyle/s

ACCESS leads to OSTEOPOROSIS


Who needs dialysis? (Check the vowels: AEIOU)

• A- Acid-Base ProblemsE- Electrolyte ProblemsI- IntoxicationsO- Overload of fluidsU - Uremic Symptoms


Prostate Problems are no... FUN

• F- FrequencyU- UrgencyN- Nocturia


BRAT Diet (for severe dehydration)

• B- BananaR- RiceA- AppleT- Toasted Bread


Gluten Free Diet (ROW)

• R- RyeO- OatsW- Wheat


Assess Changes in Senile Dementia (JAMCO)

• J- JudgmentA- AffectM- MemoryC- CognitionO- Orientation


3 P's of Diabetes Mellitus - Type 1 Signs & Symptoms

• P- Polyuria (excessive urination)P- Polydypsia (excessive thirst)P- Polyphagia (excessive hunger)


Right-Sided Heart Failure (HEAD)

• H- HepatomegalyE- Edema (Bipedal)A- AscitesD- Distended Neck Vein


Left-Sided Heart Failure (CHOP)

• C- CoughH- HemoptysisO- OrthopneaP- Pulmonary Congestion (crackles/ rales)


Hyperkalemia Management (KIND)

• K- Kayexalate (orally/ enema)I- InsulinN- Na HCO3D- Diuretics (Furosemide & Thiazides)


Management of Myocardial Infarction (MONATAS)

• M- MorphineO- OxygenN- Nitrates (Nitroglycerin)A- Aspirin (ASA)T- ThormbolyticsA- Anti-CoagulantsS- Stool Softeners


Electrolytes - PISO

• P- PotassiumI- InsideS- SodiumO- Outside


Eating Disorder: ANOREXIA

• A-menorrhea delayedN-o organic factors accounts for weight lossO-bviously thin but feels FATR-efusal to maintain normal body weightE-pigastric discomfort is commonX-symptoms (peculiar symptoms)I-ntense fears of gaining weightA-lways thinking of foods


Eating Disorder: BULIMIA

• B-inge eatingU-nder strict dietingL-acks control over-eatingI-nduced vomitingM-inimum of to binge eating episodesI-ncrease/Persistent concern of body size/shapeA-buse of diuretics & laxatives


Findings of a Bulimia client: WASHED

• W-eight loss of 15% of original body weightA-menorrheaS-ocial withdrawalH-istory of high activity & achievementE-lectrolyte ImbalanceD-epression/ Distorted Body Image


Outcome of Alcoholism: BAD

• B- Brain DamageA- Alcoholic HallucinosisD- Death


5 D's of Behavioral Problems of Alcoholism

• D- DenialD- DependencyD- DemandingD- DestructiveD- Domineering


Situations requiring Crisis Situation: RAPE

• R- RuthlessA- AbusiveP- PersonalE- Experience


Warning Signs of a Child Abuse/ Neglect: CHILD ABUSE

• C-hild's excessive knowledge on sex & abusive wordsH-air growth in various lengthsI-nconsistent stories from the child & parent/sL-ow self-esteemD-epression

A-pathy, no emotionB-ruisedU-nusual injuriesS-erious injuriesE-vidence of old injuries not reported


The HYPERKALEMIA "Machine" - Causes of Increased Serum K+

• M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDSA - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratoryC - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injuryH - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysisI - Intake - ExcesssiveN - Nephrons, renal failureE - Excretion - Impaired


MURDER Signs and Symptoms of Increased Serum K+

• M - Muscle weaknessU - Urine, oliguria, anuriaR- Respiratory distressD - Decreased cardiac contractilityE - ECG changesR - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid)


HYPERNATREMIA"You Are Fried"

• F - Fever (low grade), flushed skinR - Restless (irritable)I - Increased fluid retention and increased BPE - Edema (peripheral and pitting)D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth

Can also use this one:SALTS = Skin flushedA = AgitationL = Low-grade feverT = Thirst


S/S of Hyponatremia

• S tupor/comaA norexia, N&VL ethargyT endon reflexes decreased

L imp muscles (weakness)O rthostatic hypotensionS eizures/headacheS tomach cramping


"CATS" of "HYPOCALCEMIA"

• C - ConvulsionsA- ArrhythmiasT - TetanyS - Spasms and stridor


Think BEEP to remember the signs of minor bleeding:

• B: Bleeding gumsE: Ecchymoses (bruises)E: Epistaxis (nosebleed)P: Petechiae (tiny purplish spots)


To remember the four causes of cell injury, think of how the injury tipped (or TIPD) the scale of

homeostasis:

• T: Toxin or other lethal (cytotoxic) substanceI: InfectionP: Physical insult or injuryD: Deficit, or lack of water, oxygen, or nutrients.


Use the ABCD rule to assess a mole's malignant potential:

• A: Asymmetry--Is the mole irregular in shape?B: Border--Is the border irregular, notched, or poorly defined?C: Color--Does the color vary (for example, between shades of brown, red, white, blue, or black)?D: Diameter--Is the diameter more than 6 mm


Side effects of steroids. The 5 S's.

• Sick- easier to get sickSad-causes depressionSex-increases libidoSalt-retains more and causes weight gainSugar-raises blood sugar


PERRLA

• Pupils Equally Round and Reactive to Light and Accomodation


Learning the Systems of the Body?MR DICE RUNS

• M= MuscleR= Respiratory

D=DigestiveI= IntegumentaryC= CirculatoryE= Endocrine

R= ReproductiveU= UrinaryN= NervousS= Skeletal


Assistive devices -- Canes:

• C CaneO OppositeA AffectedL Leg


Signs of a Cholinergic Crisis, think SLUD:

• S SalivationL LacrimationU UrinationD Defication


Memory Trick:Need to remember which kind of beta blocker has

which action?

• B1 Blocks the heart (you have only one heart)B2 Blocks the lungs (you have two lungs)


fetal accelerations and decelerations!!!Just remember VEAL CHOP

• Variable Cord compressionEarly Head compressionAccelerations OKLate Placental insufficiency


Heart sounds:

• S3= Heart fail-ure (3 syllables)S4=Hy-per-ten-sion (4 syllables)


effects of Anticholinergics:

• Can't seeCan't peeCan't spitCan't --defecate


Nine-point Postpartum Assessment...BUBBLEHER

• B- BreastsU- UterusB- BladderB- Bowel functionL- LochiaE- EpisiotomyH- Homan's signE- Emotional StatusR- Respiratory System


The 5 P's of circulation loss in a limb.

• Pain, • Pallor,• Pulselessness, • Parasthesia, • Poikilothermia


side effects & adverse reactions to immunizations:

• F- FeverI- ItchingS- StiffnessH- HeadacheE- EdemaR- RednessF- FussyL- Localized TendernessA- Appetite decreaseG- General Aches Pains


Remember that here in the USA you D drive on the right side of the road.

O= opticalA= auditory

• AD - right earAS - left earAU - both ears

OD - right eyeOS - left eyeOU - both eyes


Mneumonic device for remembering questions to ask emergency room admits:• Car? (circumstances of event)

Please (precipitating events)Listen (location of event)To This: (Time of event)Watch (when symptoms appeared)Underage (unconsciousness after injury?)Alcoholics (arrival time in ER)Heading (hospital admits previously?)Home (previous history/health status)And (allergies)Maybe (medications)Flattening (fears for safety)My (meal, time of last)Poodle (period, time of last menstrual)Dog (primary doctor, name and location of)Tonight (tetanus, date of last immunization) Arianne R. Reyes, BSN, RN

rnpedia042811

Everyone knows to make the ABCD (airway breathing circulation and neurologic

disability) assessment first.• Then as soon as possible, further

assessment/intervention is done, which includes:• His (health history)

Head (head to toe assessment)Is (insert monitoring devices -- caths, ECG, arterial lines)So (splints for fractures)Wide (wound care)Olivia (other interventions)


Parkinson's Medications: "Ali Loves Boxing Matches"

• A-AmantadineL- LevodopaB- BromocriptineM-MAO inhibitors


The 4 H's that invalidate a neuro exam:

• HypotensionHpoxiaHypoglycemiaHypothermia*


Pinpoint pupils: Drugs, drops & nearly dead

• Drugs: opiatesDrops: meds for glaucomaNearly dead: damage in the pons area of the brainstem


Dilated pupils: Fear, Fits & Fast Living

• Fear: panic, extreme anxietyFits: seizuresFast Living: cocaine, crack, phencyclidine (PCP)


The pathophysiology of ARDS:

• Assault on the respiratory systemRespiratory distressDecreased lung complianceSevere respiratory failure


Diagnostic criteria of ARDS

• Acute onsetRatio (PaCO2/FiO2) <200Diffuse infiltrationSwan-Ganz wedge pressure (PAWP) <18mm Hg


Complications of thrombolytic therapy: The 3 B‘s

• BleedingBrady's (dysrhythmias)Bloodclots (d/t excessive thrombin)


Complications of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB): The 3 H‘s

• Hypothermia (to decrease O2 consumption)...Effects SVR (vasoconstriction) and causes myocardial depression (decreases contractility)Hemodilution (to improve macrocirculation)...fluid shifting (third-spacing), e-lyte imbalances (K+, Mg+ & Ca++ often need replacing!)Heparinzation (to prevent clots in circuit)...monitor aPTT.


Signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade (Beck's Triad): The Three D‘s

• Distant heart soundsDistended jugular veinsDecreased pulse pressure (think of a narrow pulse pressure as opposed to a wide one)


Atrial Arrhythmias: ABCDE

• Adenosine/amiodorone or anticoagulate (if Afib/Flutter has been present >48h)Beta blockersCalcium channel blockersDigoxinElectrocardiovert (if <48h)


For ventricular arrhythmias: AL

• AmiodoroneLidocaine


NSAID Drugs

• N - NaproxenS - SalicylatesA - AdvilI - IbuprofenD - DiclofenacS - Sulinclac


8 A's for Hepatotoxic Drugs (Check SGPT/SGOT)

• AntituberculosisAnticonvulsantS - sodium LuminalG - gabapentinP - phenytoinT - tegretolAnticancerAspirinAlcoholAntifamily (contraceptice pills)AcetaminophenAflatoxins


Alkalosis and Acidosis

• Alkalosis - has a 'k' - Kicking the pH upAcidosis - has a 'd' - Dropping the pH down


Solutions: Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hypertonic

• Isotonic - "Same as I" - the solution used will be the same as normal body fluid composition. Fluids remain inside intravascular space.

Hypotonic - "Hypo, hippo" - the solution pulls fluid from the intravascular space into the ICF - the cell "swells like a hippo".


For remembering the coronary arteries and which side they are on:

• I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC• Right = Right

C=oronaryA=ArteryM=Marginal ArteryP=Posterior Interventricular Artery

Left=LeftA=Anterior Interventricular ArteryC=Circumflex Artery


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