NAME : MIPRIS KUSUMA DEWINAME : MIPRIS KUSUMA DEWI

NPMNPM: 07.1.01.08.0105: 07.1.01.08.0105

THE TITLE

THE EFFECTS OF TEACHING ENGLISH USING MEDIA THE EFFECTS OF TEACHING ENGLISH USING MEDIA

(PICTURE) TO THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT(PICTURE) TO THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT

AT SDN X KEDIRI ACADEMIC YEAR 2010 / 2011AT SDN X KEDIRI ACADEMIC YEAR 2010 / 2011

CHAPTER IINTRODUCTION

CHAPTER IIIMETHOD OF THE RESEARCH

CHAPTER IIREVIEW OF RELATED

LITERATURE

A. A. Background of The ProblemBackground of The ProblemEnglish has an important role as a means of English has an important role as a means of

communications. It means that English is communications. It means that English is used to communicate among nations. used to communicate among nations.

In line with the government’s plan to have In line with the government’s plan to have nine compulsory studies, it was possible to nine compulsory studies, it was possible to teach English in Elementary School. teach English in Elementary School. English is new thing for the Elementary English is new thing for the Elementary School students. School students.

The problem is how to make the students The problem is how to make the students master English perfectly and this is a big master English perfectly and this is a big duty for English teacher.duty for English teacher.

The main point of The main point of UU SISDIKNAS No. UU SISDIKNAS No. 20 Tahun 2003 :20 Tahun 2003 :

By teaching it is hoped that the students will By teaching it is hoped that the students will get knowledge and good behavior in school, get knowledge and good behavior in school, family, and society.family, and society.

““Pendidikan adalah usaha sadar dan Pendidikan adalah usaha sadar dan terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar peserta didik secara aktif mengembangkan peserta didik secara aktif mengembangkan potensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan potensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, kepribadian,kecerdasan, akhlak mulia, kepribadian,kecerdasan, akhlak mulia, serta keterampilan yang diperlukan dirinya serta keterampilan yang diperlukan dirinya dan masyarakat.”dan masyarakat.”

In this case four skills (listening, speaking, In this case four skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) the simple expressions reading, and writing) the simple expressions are based on their vocabulary.are based on their vocabulary.

Palmer said that “Palmer said that “Vocabulary was one of Vocabulary was one of the most important aspects of foreign the most important aspects of foreign language learning” language learning” (1986:37). (1986:37).

The teacher should be intelligent to be The teacher should be intelligent to be capable to select the method and media of capable to select the method and media of teaching a foreign language. teaching a foreign language.

Media are very useful for the teacher. Media are very useful for the teacher. According Heri D.J. Maulana “According Heri D.J. Maulana “Prinsip Prinsip pembuatan alat peraga atau media bahwa pembuatan alat peraga atau media bahwa pengetahuan yang ada pada setiappengetahuan yang ada pada setiap orang yang orang yang diterima atau ditangkap melalui pancainderaditerima atau ditangkap melalui pancaindera” ” (2009:172). (2009:172).

In fact pictures are good media in teaching In fact pictures are good media in teaching language because pictures can explain many language because pictures can explain many words. words.

Pictures make a particularly powerful Pictures make a particularly powerful contribution to the contents and process of contribution to the contents and process of language learning. language learning.

Based on that, the writer decided to Based on that, the writer decided to choose the problem entitled :choose the problem entitled :

““THE EFFECTS OF TEACHING ENGLISH USING THE EFFECTS OF TEACHING ENGLISH USING MEDIA (PICTURE) MEDIA (PICTURE)

TO THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY TO THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT ACHIEVEMENT

AT SDN X KEDIRI ACADEMIC YEAR 2010 / 2011”AT SDN X KEDIRI ACADEMIC YEAR 2010 / 2011”

B. Identification of The B. Identification of The ProblemProblem

Based on the background, the factors which can Based on the background, the factors which can influence the students’ success to study English influence the students’ success to study English subject are the media and the students’ subject are the media and the students’ motivation.motivation.

The writer has to find the problem of this The writer has to find the problem of this research: research:

1). What kinds of media are suitably used 1). What kinds of media are suitably used to to increase the students vocabulary?increase the students vocabulary?

2). How far is the ability of students to 2). How far is the ability of students to catch catch and memorize the new vocabularies from and memorize the new vocabularies from the the new topic by using picture?new topic by using picture?

C. Limitation of the ProblemC. Limitation of the Problem

The writer will focus on picture as media The writer will focus on picture as media to increase the students’ vocabulary to increase the students’ vocabulary achievements at SDN X Kediri Academic achievements at SDN X Kediri Academic Year 2010 / 2011.Year 2010 / 2011.

D. Statement of The ProblemD. Statement of The Problem The writer will see from the problem limitation. The writer will see from the problem limitation.

It is about:It is about:1). How far is the ability of students to 1). How far is the ability of students to

catch catch and memorize the new vocabularies from and memorize the new vocabularies from the the new topic by using picture?new topic by using picture?

2). How far is the ability of students to 2). How far is the ability of students to catch catch and memorize the new vocabularies from and memorize the new vocabularies from the the new topic without using the picture?new topic without using the picture?

3). Does the picture have effect to the 3). Does the picture have effect to the ability ability of students in memorizing the new of students in memorizing the new vocabularies from the new topic?vocabularies from the new topic?

E. Purpose of the ProblemE. Purpose of the Problem The purpose of this research is:The purpose of this research is:

1). To describe the students’ ability in 1). To describe the students’ ability in memorizing vocabulary when they are going memorizing vocabulary when they are going to to discuss the new topic and how the discuss the new topic and how the student student memorize it by using picture.memorize it by using picture.

2). To describe the students ability in 2). To describe the students ability in memorizing vocabulary when they are going memorizing vocabulary when they are going to to discuss the new topic and how the discuss the new topic and how the student student memorize without using the memorize without using the picture.picture.

3). To answer whether there is an effects of 3). To answer whether there is an effects of media (picture) to memorize vocabularies or media (picture) to memorize vocabularies or not.not.

F. Significance of The ProblemF. Significance of The Problem It is hoped that the result of this study will be It is hoped that the result of this study will be

used:used:

1). as information about the technique 1). as information about the technique of teaching vocabularyof teaching vocabulary

2). as a guide for the English teacher 2). as a guide for the English teacher to introduce vocabulary through to introduce vocabulary through picturespictures

3). it is expected that the result be used to 3). it is expected that the result be used to encourage the students to be active in encourage the students to be active in enlarging English vocabulary buildingenlarging English vocabulary building

A. TeachingA. Teaching In C. Roland Christensen’s Book, Gragg stated In C. Roland Christensen’s Book, Gragg stated

that: that:

““Teaching is social art, necessarily Teaching is social art, necessarily involving a relationship between people; and the involving a relationship between people; and the success of a teacher in the practice of his art success of a teacher in the practice of his art depends upon his processing that quality or depends upon his processing that quality or attitude of mind which enables him to make the attitude of mind which enables him to make the relationship between himself and his students a relationship between himself and his students a reciprocal one. Not all the teaching should be reciprocal one. Not all the teaching should be done by the teacher. Not all the teaching should done by the teacher. Not all the teaching should be done by the students” (1987:4).be done by the students” (1987:4).

By teaching it is hoped that the By teaching it is hoped that the students will get knowledge and good students will get knowledge and good behavior in school, family, and society.behavior in school, family, and society.

The goal of teaching is to make the The goal of teaching is to make the students be able to use English students be able to use English communicatively. communicatively.

And by this process the students are And by this process the students are expected to understand, master and expected to understand, master and apply their English actively.apply their English actively.

B. B. VocabularyVocabularyAll of word can be identified into vocabulary All of word can be identified into vocabulary

for example noun, verb, adjective and adverb. for example noun, verb, adjective and adverb. By learning vocabulary, the students get some By learning vocabulary, the students get some

advantage in learning the four language skills. advantage in learning the four language skills. Vocabulary is able to develop all of English Vocabulary is able to develop all of English

skills not only one skill. skills not only one skill. To present the vocabulary the teacher should To present the vocabulary the teacher should

choose the interesting way, so the student’s choose the interesting way, so the student’s attention will be focused in the material.attention will be focused in the material.

Donn Byrne in his book (1980:188) states Donn Byrne in his book (1980:188) states that : that :

““Here are ways in which we can Here are ways in which we can help the learners understand the meaning help the learners understand the meaning of word by using different approach, as of word by using different approach, as follows” :follows” :

a). Demonstrationa). Demonstration

b). Pictures b). Pictures

c). Explanation c). Explanation

C. MediaC. Media

Media are very important for Media are very important for teaching. The teacher uses media in teaching. The teacher uses media in teaching learning process to teaching learning process to motivate the students, especially in motivate the students, especially in learning English.learning English.

According Nurhayati (1998:34) According Nurhayati (1998:34) “Media are all aids which may be “Media are all aids which may be used by teacher and students to used by teacher and students to attain certain education objectives”.attain certain education objectives”.

D. Picture as A Media to Teaching EnglishD. Picture as A Media to Teaching EnglishHubbart stated that “Picture compositions are Hubbart stated that “Picture compositions are

useful way of activating known vocabulary. useful way of activating known vocabulary. If you draw you pictures, you can control the If you draw you pictures, you can control the vocabulary which being practiced quite vocabulary which being practiced quite effectively”.effectively”.

Pictures are one of the alternative media used Pictures are one of the alternative media used by the teacher to introduce vocabulary to the by the teacher to introduce vocabulary to the students.It is very interesting because the students.It is very interesting because the students will be attracted to the material. students will be attracted to the material. Beside that, the students will easy to Beside that, the students will easy to understand the meaning of the new words.understand the meaning of the new words.

E. Teaching English Using Picture to The E. Teaching English Using Picture to The Students’ Vocabulary AchievementStudents’ Vocabulary Achievement

Motivation is the basic principle of all kinds of Motivation is the basic principle of all kinds of teaching in this study; the writer wants to give teaching in this study; the writer wants to give motivation in teaching English by showing motivation in teaching English by showing several pictures to stimulate the students’ several pictures to stimulate the students’ vocabulary achievement. vocabulary achievement.

Like what Andrew (1989:4) stated ”Pictures can Like what Andrew (1989:4) stated ”Pictures can be used by teachers and students whatever the be used by teachers and students whatever the emphasis of the syllabus they are following and emphasis of the syllabus they are following and the picture can be used as a reference and the picture can be used as a reference and stimulus in order to promote five very different stimulus in order to promote five very different language teaching emphasis as structure, language teaching emphasis as structure, vocabulary, functions, situations and skills”. vocabulary, functions, situations and skills”.

F. Rationale of the ProblemF. Rationale of the ProblemBecause of the final purpose of teaching Because of the final purpose of teaching

English is to make students have a English is to make students have a capability and competence of using English capability and competence of using English in communication, the teacher should in communication, the teacher should understand and know what method which understand and know what method which become the most effective one to reach that become the most effective one to reach that goal, if the used the picture is used as well goal, if the used the picture is used as well as teachers can in teaching learning process, as teachers can in teaching learning process, so the students ability vocabularies will be so the students ability vocabularies will be improved.improved.

G. HypothesisG. Hypothesis

The definition of hypothesis according The definition of hypothesis according Sutrisno hardi is (1980:257). “Hipotesis Sutrisno hardi is (1980:257). “Hipotesis adalah pernyataan yang masih lemah adalah pernyataan yang masih lemah kebenarannnya dan masih perlu di buktikan kebenarannnya dan masih perlu di buktikan kebenarannya”.kebenarannya”.

The hypothesis which is proposed by the The hypothesis which is proposed by the writer as follows “There are no an effect of writer as follows “There are no an effect of teaching vocabulary by using pictures on teaching vocabulary by using pictures on the English achievement of the fourth grade the English achievement of the fourth grade students of SDN “X” Kediri”.students of SDN “X” Kediri”.

A. Identification of the VariableA. Identification of the VariableIn this case the writer used two kinds of In this case the writer used two kinds of

variables; those are independent variable and variables; those are independent variable and dependent variable. dependent variable.

1). “Teaching English Using Media 1). “Teaching English Using Media (Picture)” as a independent (Picture)” as a independent variable.variable.

2). “The Students’ Vocabulary 2). “The Students’ Vocabulary Achievement” as a dependent Achievement” as a dependent variable.variable.

B. Technique and Approach of the ResearchB. Technique and Approach of the Research

The writer will use survey technique to The writer will use survey technique to collect the data. collect the data.

The writer will survey the learning process The writer will survey the learning process in the class while doing a pre and post test in the class while doing a pre and post test to collect the correct data.to collect the correct data.

And the approach of the research is And the approach of the research is quantitative method because the data quantitative method because the data variable shows a quantity. variable shows a quantity.

C. Place and TimeC. Place and Time

The data is collected on January 2011. The data is collected on January 2011.

The writer takes places in SDN “X“ The writer takes places in SDN “X“ Kediri as the location.Kediri as the location.

D. Population and SampleD. Population and Sample

In this study, the writer will take In this study, the writer will take SDN “X” Kediri students as a SDN “X” Kediri students as a population.population.

There are 35 students as the sample. There are 35 students as the sample.

E. InstrumentE. Instrument

The writer would like to present pre The writer would like to present pre and post test as an instrument for and post test as an instrument for collecting the data. collecting the data.

The test was given before and after The test was given before and after the teaching learning process. the teaching learning process.

F. Technique of Collecting DataF. Technique of Collecting Data

The writer will take Non-participant The writer will take Non-participant Observation.Observation.

Because the writer is just as an Because the writer is just as an independent observer. She doesn’t independent observer. She doesn’t teach the students by herself.teach the students by herself.

G. Technique of Data AnalysisG. Technique of Data Analysis

In analyzing the data, the writer uses In analyzing the data, the writer uses t-test formula. The formula was as t-test formula. The formula was as follows:follows:

1

2

2

nnn

DD

Dt

NoteNote ::

t : t scoret : t score

D : D : differences of post and pre test differences of post and pre test score (post score - pre score)score (post score - pre score)

N : the number of respondentsN : the number of respondents

To decide the significant, the writer uses these To decide the significant, the writer uses these norms:norms:

If t-score ≥ t-table 1 % = very significance, Ho is rejectedIf t-score ≥ t-table 1 % = very significance, Ho is rejected If t-score ≥ t-table 5 % = significance, Ho is rejectedIf t-score ≥ t-table 5 % = significance, Ho is rejected If t-score < t-table 1 % = not significance, Ho fails to be If t-score < t-table 1 % = not significance, Ho fails to be

rejectedrejected

Thanks for your Thanks for your attention…attention…