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By

Lubna Amr

2011

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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

By the end of the laboratory, you will be able to

Enter data inMinitab.

Save both Projects andWorksheets. UseMinitabs pull down menus and the submenus.

Calculate with columns of data.

UseMinitab to calculate descriptive statistics.

Draw histograms, boxplots, and scatterplots.

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What is MINITAB?

MINITAB (meaning minicomputer tabulator) is a powerful statistical

software program that provides a wide range of basic and advanced

capabilities for statistical analysis .

Statistical analysis computer applications have the advantage of being

accurate, reliable, and generally faster than computing statistics and

drawing graphs by hand.

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Why Learn MINITAB?

Its capable of manipulating & transformingdata also allows you to perform a wide

variety of statistical computation ,computemanyprobabilities & making statistical

graphs.

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Minitab windowsThe session window :

Display the result of your analysis in text format ,also in thiswindow you can enter commands instead of using Minitabmenus .(ctrl+m)

The data window :

Display data worksheets in rows and columns, they are used tostore basic data for statistical analysis .(ctrl+d)

Project window : (project manager)You can access a variety of menus that allow you to manage sessionwindow,output,graphs,worksheets.(ctrl+i)

(to move among the various windows)

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Minitab windowsGraph window :

Which display graphical output (dotplot,piechart,),

When you generate graphs, each graph is opened in itsown window .

History window :

Records all commands you have used .

*you can open multiple worksheets into the sameproject*

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Issuing commandsThere are three types of accessing commands :

1) Through Minitab menu bar

2) Through Minitab tool bar

3) Through using session window

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projectAMinitab project consist of all parts of your work.

including : the text output from the command you issue

,the data stored in worksheets (data window) & anyother graphs you have created .

To save project :

File -> save project as ->save in ->file name->lab1->save

T

o open project:File->open project.

To create project :

File->new->Minitabproject.

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DATA TYPES

Numerical: Numerical data is the only typeMinitab

will use for statistical calculations. -Minitab

will notrecognize numbers with commas as numbers but willconsider them text(0,1,2,).

Text:Text cannot be used for computations.Thoughtext generally means words or characters, numberscan be classified as text.If column 1 has text in it, thecolumn label will change from C1to C1-T. Data typescan be changed.

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DATA TYPES

Date/Time:Minitab recognizes 3/5/2010 as a date and

4:30 as a time .The column label will indicate a date ortime value byputting a D after the column name (forexample C1-D).

*to change the format of the date column you can dothat :

Editor->format column->date\time .

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ExampleAn individual took measurements of the temperature and theamount of water s/he consumed during a three-hour periodoutside.The data, shown below, was collected for sevenrandomly selected days during the summer.

Temperature (F)Water Consumption

(ounces)

16 75

20 83

32 92

27 85

25 85

48 97

48 99

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CALCULATING WITH DATAYou can add columns together, calculate the sum of acolumn or row, or convert a columns values to their Z-

scores.T

hese and other calculations can be completedunder the main menu item ofCALC.

For example, lets say the thermometer read thetemperature ten degrees too low.Therefore, we want to

create a column called T

empplus 10 and haveMinitab add ten degrees to the temperature.

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MANIPULATING DATAMinitab can change data types within limits. You cannotmake a simple switch ofpeoples names to numeric

values, but if you have a column of numbers that wasaccidentally entered as text, then you can change thosenumbers to numeric values.Minitab makes thefollowing types of transformations.

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MANIPULATING DATATo make these changes inMinitab, from the main menu selectData->code->Then, select the option that you want .Enter the following data :Name Gender Ahmed maleMohammed maleMuna femaleSalam femaleWalaa female

Leena femaleOsama male Ali male*change the Gender data from text to numeric by changing male to 1 and

female to 2 .

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Sort the dataRearranging the data in ascending or descending order:

Data -> sort .

**Now rearrange the temperature into descending order.

Date->sort->sort columns->temprature->by column ->temprature ->click on descending->ok.

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Format columnExample: Enter the following data 10917.15 , 11059.02, 11019.66 , 10609.69 ,1520.32 , 17894.80 ,11245.23

.

Note :

The data was rounded to one decimal places to change

the data formatting from menu bar select editor ->format column -> numeric -> fixed decimal 2 (orcurrency2 ,symbol $)

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SAVING DATAInMinitab,you can save data in two different formats. You can savethe worksheet by itself or the entire project. Saving the

worksheet as a separate file is a good habit.Then you will always

have access to the data, even if the project you are working withbecomes corrupted.To save the data in a worksheet by itself1. Select FILE > SAVE CURRENTWORKSHEETAS.

2. Use the arrow beside the Save in: field to select the location of yourdiskette or USB device.

3.In the FileName field, type the name of the worksheet.

4. Click Save.

You have saved only the worksheet with the data.

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Types of Data(2)QuantitativeData (NumericalData) :

Deals with numbers (Data which takes numericalvalues).

Data which can be measured.

Length, height, area, volume, weight, speed, time,temperature, sound levels, cost, members, ages, etc.

quantitative data is further dividedinto discrete andcontinuous.

Quantitative Quantity

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Graphicalpresentation of DataYou use different graphs depending on the type of data

u want to describe.

(1)Graphs for Qualitative Data :

(1) Bar chart.

(2) Pie chart.

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Qualitative Data(1) Bar chart (bar graph)

a chart with rectangular bars with lengths

proportional. Uses bars of equal width to show frequencies

of categories of qualitative data

HorizontalScale : identifies the different categories

VerticalScale : represents frequencies orrelative freq.

Bars may or may not be separated by small gaps

No order is required of the categories

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Bar ChartBar chart\Pie chart can be produced in Minitab from

either :

(1) un summarized Data row data.

(2) data that has been summarized in frequencytable.

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Example (Row data)Create a bar chart for the following data which representthe blood type for 20 person :

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Bar Chart Example in Minitab Input data into C1

Graph > Bar Chart

Choose:

Barsrepresent: Counts of unique values

Simple

cOKd

Categorical variables: C1

BesurethatcDefaultdissele te in

ChartOptions > Or er Main X Groups by

c OK

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Example (summarized data)a sample of 30 employees from large companies wasselected, and these employees were asked howstressful their jobs were.The data is summarizedbelow:

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Bar Chart Example in Minitab Input data into C2 and C3

Graph > Bar Chart

Choose:

Barsrepresent: Values fromatable. Simple

cOKd

Graph variables: C2 (the frequencies)

Categorical variables: C3 (the stress levels)

cOKd

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Example (Row data)Create a bar chart for the following data which representthe blood type for 20 person :

oabbaoabbaoabbaoabbaoabbaBloodtype

mmmmffffmmmmffffmmmmgender

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Bar Chart Example in Minitab Input data into C4 and C5

Graph > Bar Chart

Choose:

Barsrepresent: Counts of unique values.

Cluster

cOKd

Categorical variables: select C4 (blood) then C5(gender)

cOKd

Th same forstack

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Example (summarized data)Create a bar chart for thefollowing data whichrepresent the blood type for

20 person :

freqgenderblood

2MA

3MB

1MAb

4MO

2FA

4FB

3FAb

1fo

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Bar Chart Example in Minitab Input data into C6 and C7 and C8

Graph > Bar Chart

Choose:

Barsrepresent: Values fromatable. stack

cOKd

Graph variables: C8 (the frequencies)

C

ategorical variables: selectC4

(blood) thenC5

(gender)

cOKd

Th same for clusterf

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Bar Chart Example in MinitabEnter the following data then:

(1) Obtain bar chart thatdisplays the mean of lengthby color .

(2) Obtain bar chart that

displays the mean of lengthby color and density.

lengthdensitycolor

3.5HIBlue

4.2HIRed

2.7LOBlue

3.5LORed

2.9LOBlue

1HIBlue

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Bar Chart Example in Minitab(1) Obtain bar chart that displays the mean of length by color .

Input data into C9 and C10 and C11

Graph > Bar Chart Choose:

Barsrepresent:a function of a variable. one y:simple

cOKd f

unction: mean Graph variables: C11 (length) Categorical variable: C9 (color)

cOKd

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Bar Chart Example in Minitab(2) Obtain bar chart that displays the mean of length by color anddensity.

Input data into C9 and C10 and C11

Graph > Bar Chart Choose:

Barsrepresent:a function of a variable.

one y: cluster

cOKd

function: mean

Graph variables: C11 (length)

Categorical variables: select C9 (color) then C10(density)

cOKd

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Qualitative Data(1) Pie chart

Apie chart is a circular graph in which the circle is

divided into sectors (slices). Each sector visuallyrepresents an item in a data set to match the amountof the item as a percentage or fraction of the totaldata set.

**Apie chart is used to compare the different partsthat make up a whole amount .

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Pie ChartBar chart\Pie chart can be produced in Minitab from

either :

(1) un summarized Data row data.

(2) data that has been summarized in frequencytable.

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Example (Row data)Create a Pie chart for the following data which representthe blood type for 20 person :

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Pie Chart Example in Minitab Input data into C1

Graph > Pie Chart

chart Counts of unique values Categorical variables: C1

labels >slicelabels

Category Name

frequency

Drawaline fromlabelto slice

cOKd

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Example (summarized data)a sample of 30 employees from large companies wasselected, and these employees were asked howstressful their jobs were.The data is summarizedbelow:

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Pie Chart Example in Minitab Input data into C2 and C3

Graph > Pie Chart

chart values fromatable.

Categorical variables: C2 (stress)

summary variables: C3 (frequency)

labels >slicelabels

Category Name frequency

Drawaline fromlabelto slice

cOKd

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Home work(1) A survey of 705 workers

asked how much they usedthe internet at work .the

results were as follows,Construct a bar chart and apie chart :

%Use of the internet at work

5Too much

4More than I should

60Within limits

5Very little

26Dont use

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Home work(2)Enter the following data

then:

(1) Obtain bar chart thatdisplays the median oflength by color .

(2) Obtain bar chart thatdisplays the median ofwidth by color and density.

widthlengthdensity

color

2.83.5HIBlue

3.24.2HIRed

32.7LOBlue

2.63.5LORed

1.72.9LOBlue

0.851HIBlue